CN103814742A - Method for blending and interplanting plants in organic orchard - Google Patents
Method for blending and interplanting plants in organic orchard Download PDFInfo
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- CN103814742A CN103814742A CN201410085939.2A CN201410085939A CN103814742A CN 103814742 A CN103814742 A CN 103814742A CN 201410085939 A CN201410085939 A CN 201410085939A CN 103814742 A CN103814742 A CN 103814742A
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- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 244000296912 Ageratum conyzoides Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000004405 Ageratum conyzoides Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009342 intercropping Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000004452 Tagetes patula Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000012311 Tagetes erecta Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000000785 Tagetes erecta Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 6
- 235000013211 Adiantum capillus veneris Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 241001148501 Adiantum pedatum Species 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000006679 Mentha X verticillata Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000002899 Mentha suaveolens Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000001636 Mentha x rotundifolia Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 18
- 240000005285 Tagetes patula Species 0.000 description 10
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 9
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 9
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 102000016938 Catalase Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108010053835 Catalase Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 108010046334 Urease Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 108010051210 beta-Fructofuranosidase Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001573 invertase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011073 invertase Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- GZCWLCBFPRFLKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-prop-2-ynoxypropan-2-ol Chemical compound CC(O)COCC#C GZCWLCBFPRFLKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000013563 Acid Phosphatase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010051457 Acid Phosphatase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 240000003870 Ageratum houstonianum Species 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000002114 Satureja hortensis Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007315 Satureja hortensis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102100037486 Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- JNVCSEDACVAATK-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Ca+2].[S-]SSS[S-] Chemical compound [Ca+2].[S-]SSS[S-] JNVCSEDACVAATK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005904 alkaline hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005842 biochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009345 mixed intercropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005405 multipole Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for blending and interplanting plants in an organic orchard and belongs to the field of soil nutrient improvement. The method comprises the steps of taking maidenhair, mint and ageratum conyzoides as three aromatic plants in the organic orchard; sowing seeds of the three aromatic plants among fruit trees in March, blending and interplanting the three aromatic plants in a staggered planting mode, and mulching a white film after planting; after the three aromatic plant seedlings grow to be 8-12cm high, performing thinning and transplanting, and maintaining plant line spacing as 0.2*0.4m; watering every 10 days at the growth primary stage of the three aromatic plants, and intertilling and weeding to ensure that no weeds exist in the blending interplanting planting area, wherein the three aromatic plants grow naturally at the medium and later stages and are cut in the last stage of July and October, and stubbles remain among the fruit trees for natural degradation. By blending and interplanting the maidenhair, mint and ageratum conyzoides, the total N, total P and total K contents in 0-20cm and 20-40cm soil layers of the orchard are effectively improved, the soil nutrition of the orchard is improved and the demands of the organic orchard are met.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the process field of orchard soil improvement, particularly relate to a kind of method of organic orchard mixing intercropping plant.
Background technology
In soil, various biochemical reactions, except being subject to the impact of microbial activities, also need various corresponding enzymes to participate in just completing.Result of study shows, soil enzyme activities and soil nutrient are in close relations, it had both participated in the natural world material recycle including soil biogeochemistry process, was again the active storehouse of plant nutrient, was often used as the index that characterizes edaphon active degree, soil fertility and soil quality.Much research shows, sward has certain activation to soil enzyme, and the activation of upper soll layer enzyme, apparently higher than deep soil, but is differed on different enzymic activitys impact performances.Li Falin etc. are by orchard ground cover, interplanting green manure and plough clearly after 3 kinds of different soils way to manages are studied for many years to red soil children Longan Orchard soil enzyme activities in age and nutrient and point out, orchard ground cover cultivation can improve soil enzyme activities.Fu Jinhui etc. think that orchard ground cover can improve top layer He Guanxia top layer soil urease liveness in the ranks significantly, and along with the increase of the sward time limit, sward district urease activity is all in rising trend, and clear ploughing to some extent declines; And activity of acid phosphatase is larger on subsurface stratum impact, amplification is 60.7%, and the activity of acid phosphatase ratio contrast in the ranks of orchard ground cover district has obvious ascendant trend; Orchard ground cover district invertase activity also has obvious ascendant trend, and top layer and subsurface stratum are respectively than having increased by 22.5% and 17.3% before test, but the cultivated clearly treatment region of the lower soil invertase activity of hat has downward trend, has fallen 16.9% and 2.5% respectively than test is front lower; Sward is not remarkable on the impact of Soil protease and invertase.Also studies have found that sward has increased Activity of Catalase in Soil, but in its enzymic activity of deep layer lower than the clear soil of ploughing, think that it is because soil has temporarily been fixed soil nutrient that sward reduces soil urease liveness, but to preventing that loss of soil nutrient from having positive effect.
The most apple orchard soils of China are more barren, and the content of organic matter is low, and most dependence is used chemical fertilizer and guaranteed the demand of fruit tree to nutrition, is seriously restricting the production that organises of China's apple.Therefore the effective ways of, seeking to improve organic orchard soil fertility are to need the problem that solves.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of method of organic orchard mixing intercropping plant, can increase the nutrient of organic orchard soil, improve soil quality, meet the requirement in organic orchard, cannot meet thereby solve the existing orchard's soil nutrient that only has sward the problem that organic orchard requires.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of method of organic orchard mixing intercropping plant, comprising:
In organic orchard that need to increase soil nutrient, three kinds of fragrant plants take French marigold, savoury and Ageratum conyzoides as plantation;
Sow the seed of described three kinds of fragrant plants March in the fruit tree in described organic orchard in the ranks, with three kinds of fragrant plants described in interlacing planting patterns mixing intercropping plant, after plantation, cover white plastic film;
In the time that described three kinds of fragrant plant heights of seedling are 8cm～12cm, carry out a transplantation of seedlings, retain seeding row spacing 0.2 × 0.4m;
Early growth period in described three kinds of fragrant plants watered every 10 days, and intertill and clean tillage keeps mixing intercropping plant district without weeds, the middle and later periods self-sow of described three kinds of fragrant plants, cradle in late July and October, described in the fruit tree natural decomposition in the ranks that cradles thing and stay described organic orchard after cradling.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: by intercropping mixed planting fragrant plant French marigold, savoury and Ageratum conyzoides in orchard, compared with natural grass district, full nitrogen in soil 0～20cm soil layer and 20～40cm soil layer, full phosphorus and full potassium content are effectively improved, improve the nutrient of orchard soil, met the needs in organic orchard.
Embodiment
Below the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on embodiments of the invention, those of ordinary skills, not making the every other embodiment obtaining under creative work prerequisite, belong to protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of method of organic orchard mixing intercropping plant, is applicable to plant the orchard of organic apple, and the method comprises:
In organic orchard that need to increase soil nutrient, three kinds of fragrant plants take French marigold, savoury and Ageratum conyzoides as plantation;
Sow the seed of three kinds of fragrant plants March in the fruit tree in organic orchard in the ranks, mix three kinds of fragrant plants of intercropping plant with interlacing planting patterns, after plantation, cover white plastic film;
In the time that three kinds of fragrant plant heights of seedling are 8cm～12cm, carry out a transplantation of seedlings, retain seeding row spacing 0.2 × 0.4m;
Early growth period in three kinds of fragrant plants watered every 10 days, and intertill and clean tillage keeps mixing intercropping plant district without weeds, the middle and later periods self-sow of three kinds of fragrant plants, cradled in late July and October, the fruit tree natural decomposition in the ranks that cradles thing and stay organic orchard after cradling.
In said method, organic orchard is: the organic orchard that is 500mm～700mm in moistening continent, temperate zone half monsoon sex climate, average annual rainfall, what in organic orchard, plant is that life in 15 years, tree bulk-growth are good, the uniform fruit tree of tree vigo(u)r, and fruit tree seeding row spacing is 5 × 6m.
By mixing intercropping plant three kinds of fragrant plant French marigolds, savoury and Ageratum conyzoides in orchard moderate proportions, compared with the natural grass of orchard, although reduced Soil Microorganism amount, but also change structure of soil microbial community, soil enzyme activities (especially urase and catalase), soil moisture content are improved, improve soil pH value, and increased soil nutrient content, apple orchard soil is improved and has significant effect.The inventive method can change that the most apple orchard soils of China are more barren, and the content of organic matter is low, and most dependence used chemical fertilizer and guaranteed the demand of fruit tree to nutrition, seriously restricting the problem that organises and produce of China's apple.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, method of the present invention is described further.
Take organic sightseeing apple orchard, king home, stream villages and small towns, Changping District, Beijing as pilot, take French marigold (Tagetespatula L.), savoury (Satureja hortensis), the fragrant plant of Ageratum conyzoides (Ageratum houstonianum) as planting, mix intercropping plant with French marigold × savoury × Ageratum conyzoides, take natural grass district as contrast, the inventive method is specific as follows:
It is organic orchard that moistening continent, temperate zone half monsoon sex climate, average annual rainfall are about 600mm that the above-mentioned pilot orchard of selecting meets weather, and seeding row spacing is 5 × 6m, life in 15 years, and tree bulk-growth is good, the uniform requirement of tree vigo(u)r;
During fruit tree normal growth, orchardist will adopt artificial and physical method to carry out the extermination of disease and insect pest, lures collection, lures and collect haftplatte, fruit bagging and dormant stage of fruit tree and spray the measures such as 3-5 ° of lime sulfur as wiped out sick branch, light winter; The natural conditions such as physical features, soil property and cultivation management are all basically identical;
Come into effect annual March, take fragrant plant French marigold (Tagetespatula L.), savoury (Satureja hortensis), the fragrant plant of Ageratum conyzoides (Ageratum houstonianum) as planting, each intercropping district of mixing takes fragrant plant interlacing planting patterns, interrow crop seed is seeded in fruit tree in the ranks in duration of test the last ten-days period in March, then covers white plastic film; When the about 10cm of interrow crop height of seedling, carry out a transplantation of seedlings, retain seeding row spacing 0.2 × 0.4m; Fragrant plant early growth period watered every 10 days and intertill and clean tillage once mixes up district without weeds with maintenance, and the middle and later periods is let alone growth, and cradles in late July and October, cradles thing and stays natural decomposition in the ranks.
By the analysis to apple orchard 0～20cm and 20～40cm soil layer structure of soil microbial community, soil enzyme activities, the basic physicochemical character of soil and soil quality variation, between mixing, research fragrant plant makes the effect to apple orchard soil.
Following table be equal proportion of the present invention mix three kinds of fragrant plants of intercropping on alkaline hydrolysis N in the soil in each period of apple orchard, effectively P, effectively K content and natural grass affect Data Comparison (mg/kg):
In upper table: AN: alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen; AP: available phosphorus; AK: effectively potassium lowercase represents the new multipole difference analysis by Deng Kenshi, and under P<0.05 level, otherness is remarkable.
Can find out by upper table data, the in the situation that method of the present invention being mixed intercropping in fragrant plant French marigold, savoury and Ageratum conyzoides equal proportion, compared with the natural grass of apple orchard, although reduced Soil Microorganism amount, but change structure of soil microbial community, improved soil enzyme activities (especially urase and catalase), soil moisture content, improved soil pH value, and increased soil nutrient content, apple orchard soil is improved and has significant effect.Correlative study and practice show, orchard intercropping can fertilizing soil, regulate soil temperature and humidity, improve orchard micro-ecological environment, thereby promotes growth and development of fruit tree.In the method, there is impact in various degree compared with natural grass to the raising of soil nutrient in apple orchard mixing intercropping fragrant plant.For single soil nutrient index, all exist and have the fragrant plant of remarkable increase to mix intercropping district to its content.Fragrant plant is except containing essential oil or volatile oil, also containing a large amount of nutrient components and trace element, and, fragrant plant has larger biomass at growth animated period compared with natural grass, after the intercropping of apple orchard, the mass exchange ability of carrying out between fragrant plant and soil is far better than the natural grass in apple orchard, has accelerated the conversion of each material in soil, thereby has improved the soil nutrient content in fragrant plant mixing intercropping district.
The above; only for preferably embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this, is anyly familiar with in technical scope that those skilled in the art disclose in the present invention; the variation that can expect easily or replacement, within all should being encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.
Claims (2)
1. a method for organic orchard mixing intercropping plant, is characterized in that, comprising:
In organic orchard that need to increase soil nutrient, three kinds of fragrant plants take French marigold, savoury and Ageratum conyzoides as plantation;
Sow the seed of described three kinds of fragrant plants March in the fruit tree in described organic orchard in the ranks, with three kinds of fragrant plants described in interlacing planting patterns mixing intercropping plant, after plantation, cover white plastic film;
In the time that described three kinds of fragrant plant heights of seedling are 8cm～12cm, carry out a transplantation of seedlings, retain seeding row spacing 0.2 × 0.4m;
Early growth period in described three kinds of fragrant plants watered every 10 days, and intertill and clean tillage keeps mixing intercropping plant district without weeds, the middle and later periods self-sow of described three kinds of fragrant plants, cradle in late July and October, described in the fruit tree natural decomposition in the ranks that cradles thing and stay described organic orchard after cradling.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described organic orchard is: the organic orchard that is 500mm～700mm in moistening continent, temperate zone half monsoon sex climate, average annual rainfall, what in described organic orchard, plant is that life in 15 years, tree bulk-growth are good, the uniform fruit tree of tree vigo(u)r, and described fruit tree seeding row spacing is 5 × 6m.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105123400A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-12-09 | 中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for orchard weed management |
| CN106069027A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-11-09 | 南京中医药大学 | The annual high-efficient method for cultivating that a kind of Herba Pogostemonis is potted plant |
| CN107371954A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-11-24 | 钟山县昱成水果种植专业合作社 | A kind of method of tribute mandarin orange orchard science weeding |
| CN108293565A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-07-20 | 新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所 | The method for improving Xinjiang fruit tree field land utilization ratio and benefit |
| CN108934677A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-12-07 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of method that apple orchard mixing sward attracts breeding natural enemy prevention and treatment Apple Pests |
| CN109042109A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-12-21 | 界首市家丰家庭农场 | A kind of method of hayashishita peppermint cultivation |
| CN109042111A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-12-21 | 界首市家丰家庭农场 | A kind of method of peppermint greenhouse cultivation |
| CN109105109A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2019-01-01 | 广西陆川县兰辉农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of longan |
| CN114931068A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-08-23 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Soil improvement method for intercropping insect-repelling volatile grass seeds in macadamia nut garden |
| CN116326412A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2023-06-27 | 北京农学院 | Method for regulating and controlling rhizosphere activating effect of apples |
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| CN108157043A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-15 | 郭肖宏 | A kind of implantation methods in organic orchard |
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| CN103262737B (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2015-01-07 | 洛阳早春大樱桃种植农民专业合作社 | Cherry orchard sod culture method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105123400A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-12-09 | 中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for orchard weed management |
| CN106069027A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-11-09 | 南京中医药大学 | The annual high-efficient method for cultivating that a kind of Herba Pogostemonis is potted plant |
| CN107371954A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-11-24 | 钟山县昱成水果种植专业合作社 | A kind of method of tribute mandarin orange orchard science weeding |
| CN108293565A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-07-20 | 新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所 | The method for improving Xinjiang fruit tree field land utilization ratio and benefit |
| CN108934677A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-12-07 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of method that apple orchard mixing sward attracts breeding natural enemy prevention and treatment Apple Pests |
| CN109105109A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2019-01-01 | 广西陆川县兰辉农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of longan |
| CN109042109A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-12-21 | 界首市家丰家庭农场 | A kind of method of hayashishita peppermint cultivation |
| CN109042111A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-12-21 | 界首市家丰家庭农场 | A kind of method of peppermint greenhouse cultivation |
| CN114931068A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-08-23 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Soil improvement method for intercropping insect-repelling volatile grass seeds in macadamia nut garden |
| CN114931068B (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2024-03-29 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Soil improvement method for intercropping insect-repellent volatile grass seeds in macadimia nut garden |
| CN116326412A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2023-06-27 | 北京农学院 | Method for regulating and controlling rhizosphere activating effect of apples |
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| CN103814742B (en) | 2016-04-13 |
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