CN103796784A - 用于在工件上制造齿部的机床 - Google Patents
用于在工件上制造齿部的机床 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103796784A CN103796784A CN201280044897.7A CN201280044897A CN103796784A CN 103796784 A CN103796784 A CN 103796784A CN 201280044897 A CN201280044897 A CN 201280044897A CN 103796784 A CN103796784 A CN 103796784A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- lathe
- frame
- workpiece
- rotation
- column
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F5/00—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made
- B23F5/20—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by milling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F23/00—Accessories or equipment combined with or arranged in, or specially designed to form part of, gear-cutting machines
- B23F23/02—Loading, unloading or chucking arrangements for workpieces
- B23F23/04—Loading or unloading arrangements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F5/00—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made
- B23F5/20—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by milling
- B23F5/22—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by milling the tool being a hob for making spur gears
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/01—Frames, beds, pillars or like members; Arrangement of ways
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
- B23Q1/26—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by constructional features relating to the co-operation of relatively movable members; Means for preventing relative movement of such members
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q7/00—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting
- B23Q7/02—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting by means of drums or rotating tables or discs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F23/00—Accessories or equipment combined with or arranged in, or specially designed to form part of, gear-cutting machines
- B23F23/02—Loading, unloading or chucking arrangements for workpieces
- B23F23/06—Chucking arrangements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F23/00—Accessories or equipment combined with or arranged in, or specially designed to form part of, gear-cutting machines
- B23F23/12—Other devices, e.g. tool holders; Checking devices for controlling workpieces in machines for manufacturing gear teeth
- B23F23/1237—Tool holders
- B23F23/1243—Hob holders
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
- B23Q3/157—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools
- B23Q3/15706—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools a single tool being inserted in a spindle directly from a storage device, i.e. without using transfer devices
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/51—Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for metal shaping or assembling
- Y10T29/5124—Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for metal shaping or assembling with means to feed work intermittently from one tool station to another
- Y10T29/5127—Blank turret
- Y10T29/5128—Rotary work - vertical axis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
- Y10T409/10—Gear cutting
- Y10T409/100795—Gear cutting with work or product advancing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
- Y10T409/10—Gear cutting
- Y10T409/100795—Gear cutting with work or product advancing
- Y10T409/100954—Utilizing transfer arm
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
- Y10T409/10—Gear cutting
- Y10T409/101431—Gear tooth shape generating
- Y10T409/10159—Hobbing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
- Y10T409/10—Gear cutting
- Y10T409/101431—Gear tooth shape generating
- Y10T409/10159—Hobbing
- Y10T409/102544—Hobbing including infeed means
- Y10T409/102703—Hobbing including infeed means to infeed along axis of work rotation
- Y10T409/102862—Infeed of cutter
- Y10T409/103021—Infeed of cutter and infeed radially of axis of work rotation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
- Y10T409/10—Gear cutting
- Y10T409/101431—Gear tooth shape generating
- Y10T409/10477—Gear tooth shape generating by relative axial movement between synchronously indexing or rotating work and cutter
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
- Y10T409/10—Gear cutting
- Y10T409/109699—Gear cutting with work clamping
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T483/00—Tool changing
- Y10T483/16—Tool changing with means to transfer work
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T483/00—Tool changing
- Y10T483/17—Tool changing including machine tool or component
- Y10T483/1733—Rotary spindle machine tool [e.g., milling machine, boring, machine, grinding machine, etc.]
- Y10T483/1736—Tool having specific mounting or work treating feature
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Machine Tool Units (AREA)
- Turning (AREA)
- Gear Processing (AREA)
Abstract
为了在工件(2)上制造齿部,机床(1)具有机架(3)、回转元件(7)及至少两个布置在其上的工件主轴(18、19)、和刀具定位单元(16)及布置在其上的刀具头(17)。所述至少两个工件主轴(18、19)能够相对于机架(3)围绕工件主轴回转轴线(10)回转并且分别具有能够围绕旋转轴线(24、25)被旋转驱动的工件支座(20、21)。刀具头(17)能够相对于所述至少两个工件主轴(18、19)在三个方向上线性移动并且能够围绕刀具头回转轴线(37)回转。在回转元件(7)上固定地布置有沿工件主轴回转轴线(10)的方向延伸的支承元件(8),所述支承元件的自由端部(11)能够围绕工件主轴回转轴线(10)回转地支承在加强元件(13)上。所述加强元件(13)固定在机架(3)上。通过所述加强元件(13)围绕工件主轴回转轴线(10)加强了回转元件(7),由此能够实现高的加工精度。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种按照权利要求1的前序部分所述的用于在工件上制造齿部的机床。
背景技术
由DE102006019325B3(对应于US2009/0175696A1)已知一种机床,其为了加工工件的齿部而具有两个工件主轴。所述工件主轴布置在旋转支架上,所述旋转支架固定在机架上并且可围绕水平的回转轴线旋转。在工件主轴的侧面布置有刀具头及支承在其中的滚刀,所述滚刀可借助刀具定位单元在三个方向上相对于工件主轴线性移动并且可围绕水平的回转轴线回转。通过这两个工件主轴可实现齿部加工时较短的停工时间/非工作时间。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于,对按本发明所述类型的机床进行这样的扩展设计,从而以简单的方式改善工件加工时的加工精度。
该技术问题按本发明通过一种具有权利要求1的特征的机床解决。通过布置在回转元件上的支承元件实现了回转元件的两侧支承。为此,支承元件以其自由端部可围绕工件主轴回转轴线回转地支承在加强元件上,所述加强元件又为了回转元件的两侧支承而固定在机架上。通过回转元件的两侧支承和布置在其上的至少两个工件主轴明显改善了在工件上制造和/或加工齿部时机床的刚度、热学性能和振动强度(抗振性),因此可实现更高的加工精度。回转元件尤其是借助加强元件围绕工件主轴回转轴线被加强,因此可以借助加强元件更好地承接加工中出现的力和振动并且将其传导至机架内。机架、回转元件和布置在其上的支承元件以及加强元件优选构成闭合的框架结构或者闭合的加强框架。因此,通过回转元件和布置在其上的工件主轴的两侧支承可以改善加工精度和/或提高加工速度。通过加工速度的提高实现了较短的加工时间以及由于至少两个工件主轴实现了较短的停工时间。因此机床具有高的生产率。
按照权利要求2的机床确保了高的加工精度。通过机架、回转元件及布置在其上的支承元件以及加强元件构成从四周/四侧限定出工作空间的加强框架,以简单而可靠的方式将工件加工时出现的力和振动导入机架内。
按照权利要求3的机床以简单的方式确保了高的加工精度。通过将刀具定位单元布置在加强元件上,同样在两侧支承所述定位单元,因此可以通过加强元件和支承元件将加工中出现的力和振动导入机架内。此外,机床的结构是紧凑的,由此附加地确保了高的刚度和加工精度。
按照权利要求4的机床以简单的方式确保了闭合的框架结构或加强框架的设计,由此确保了高的加工精度。
按照权利要求5的机床确保了紧凑的机床结构,由此实现高的刚度和加工精度。可回转的配合(相配)立柱通过横梁与牢固地固定在机架上的立柱相连并且由此与机架共同构成加强框架,所述加强框架从四周限定出形式为通孔的工作空间。所述至少两个工件主轴的旋转轴线优选平行于工件主轴回转轴线或者z方向延伸。
按照权利要求6的机床以简单的方式确保了回转元件的两侧支承。通过加强元件的至少部分框架状的设计或者通过立柱的框架状设计,在基本上相同的刚度下减小了材料耗费和/或为刀具定位单元提供了结构空间,以便将其支承在加强元件或者立柱上。通过刀具定位单元还实现了附加的加强效果。
按照权利要求7至11之一的机床能够以简单而迅速的方式相对于工件主轴以及支承在其中的工件定位刀具头。
按照权利要求12的机床通过滚刀的两侧支承确保了高的加工精度。由于刀具支座和刀具配合支座能够相对于彼此线性移动,所以能够简单地夹紧和松脱滚刀。
按照权利要求13的机床以简单的方式确保了以高的加工精度加工轴状()工件。支承元件实现了工件配合支座与各对应的工件主轴的旋转轴线的同心布置,从而能够在两侧支承轴状工件。为了夹紧和松脱工件以及为了加工不同长度的工件,工件配合支座优选可线性移动地布置在支承元件上。
按照权利要求14的机床以简单的方式确保了工件加工时高的加工精度。通过框架状的设计,在基本上相同的刚度下减少了材料耗费和/或提供了用于布置工件配合支座的结构空间,所述工件配合支座能够支承在该结构空间内。通过工件配合支座还实现了附加的加强效果。
按照权利要求15的机床以简单的方式确保了自动地更换刀具。支承元件能够以简单的方式布置具有相邻和/或叠置的刀具支架的刀库。通过回转元件和布置于其上的支承元件例如90°的旋转可以使刀库朝向刀具头,从而能够借助刀具定位单元以简单的方式进行自动的刀具更换。
附图说明
本发明的其它特征、优点和细节由以下对实施例的说明得出。在附图中:
图1示出用于在工件上制造齿部的机床的立体图;
图2示出图1中的机床的正视图;
图3示出图1中的机床的侧视图;以及
图4示出剖切图1中的机床的刀具定位单元得到的立体剖视图。
具体实施方式
在图1至图4中示出的机床1用于在工件2上制造和加工齿部。机床1具有基本上沿水平的x方向和水平的y方向延伸的机架3。所述机架3置于底板4上并且可以固定在其上。
在机架3的第一端部上固定有基本上沿竖直的z方向延伸的立柱5。在机架3的对置的第二端部上布置有对应的由回转元件7和布置于其上的支承元件8构成的配合立柱6。回转元件7支承在机架3上并且可借助驱动电机9围绕工件主轴回转轴线10回转。所述工件主轴回转轴线10平行于z方向延伸并且在以下称为c1轴线。回转元件7可围绕c1轴线10回转至少180°,优选最大360°。与c1轴线10对应地,驱动电机9在以下称为c1驱动电机。回转元件7也称为回转或旋转支架或者主轴转鼓。x、y、z方向分别相互垂直地延伸并且构成笛卡尔坐标系。
支承元件8基本上沿c1轴线10的方向延伸并且牢固地固定在回转元件7上,因此两个元件7、8能够共同围绕c1轴线10回转。支承元件8的远离回转元件7的自由端部11支承在横梁12内,所述横梁基本上沿x方向延伸并且与立柱5固定相连。所述立柱5和横梁12构成L形的加强元件13,所述加强元件与机架3牢固地相连并且与支承元件8可旋转地相连,并且由此围绕c1轴线10加强回转元件7。
机架3与回转元件7和布置于其上的支承元件8以及加强元件13共同构成从四侧限定出工作空间15的加强框架14。所述工作空间15在两个未被加强框架14限定的侧面上敞开。在加强元件13或加强框架14的立柱5上布置有刀具定位单元16。所述刀具定位单元16延伸到工作空间15中并且具有布置在工作空间15内的刀具头17。两个工件主轴18、19与刀具头17对置地布置在回转元件7上。工件主轴18、19能够借助回转元件7围绕c1轴线10相对于机架3共同地回转。工件主轴18、19具有对应的工件支座20、21,它们可借助驱动电机22、23围绕对应的旋转轴线24、25被旋转驱动。工件支座20、21用于支承和夹紧待制齿的工件2。旋转轴线24、25平行于c1轴线10和z方向延伸并且在以下称为c2轴线和c3轴线。相应地,驱动电机22、23称为c2驱动电机和c3驱动电机。
为了支承刀具定位单元16,立柱5设计为框架状。为此,立柱5具有两个沿z方向延伸的纵向支柱26、27和两个将纵向支柱相互连接并且沿y方向延伸的横向支柱28、29,它们限定出通孔30。在纵向支柱26、27的朝向工作空间15的端面上支承有z1滑块31,其可借助z1驱动电机32沿z方向线性移动。在z1滑块31上支承有x滑块33,其可借助x驱动电机34沿x方向线性移动。x滑块33设计为轴套并且延伸到通孔30内。在x滑块33上布置有回转件35,其可借助驱动电机36围绕刀具头回转轴线37回转。所述刀具头回转轴线37在以下称为a轴线。在回转件35上支承有y滑块38,其可借助y驱动电机39沿y’方向线性移动。所述y’方向横向于x和z方向延伸。在y滑块38的水平回转位置,y’方向平行于y方向延伸。根据回转件35围绕a轴线37的回转角度,y’方向与y方向成锐角地延伸。在y滑块38上固定有刀具头17。因此,所述刀具头17可相对于工件主轴18、19沿三个方向线性移动并且可围绕a轴线37回转。
刀具头17具有刀具支座40,其可借助b驱动电机41围绕旋转轴线42被旋转驱动。所述旋转轴线42也称为b轴线。与b轴线42同心地布置有被可旋转地支承的刀具配合支座43,其可相对于刀具支座40线性移动。刀具配合支座43的线性移动例如以机电或者气动的方式进行。滚刀44在两侧被支承在刀具支座40和刀具配合支座43内并且可借助b驱动电机41围绕b轴线42被旋转驱动。所述b轴线42平行于y’方向延伸。
配合立柱6与立柱5对应地设计为框架状。为此,支承元件8具有两个沿z方向延伸的纵向支柱45、46,它们相互间隔地固定在回转元件7上并且在自由端部11借助横向支柱47相互连接。配合立柱6以此方式形成通孔48。在纵向支柱45、46上,在对置的端面区域内支承有z2滑块49和z3滑块50。所述z2滑块49可借助对应的z2驱动单元51沿z方向线性移动,因此布置在z2滑块49上的工件配合支座52可线性移动。所述工件配合支座52相对于c2轴线24同心地并且可旋转地布置。相应地,z3滑块50可借助z3驱动单元53沿z方向线性移动,因此工件配合支座54可相对于工件支座21线性移动。所述工件配合支座54相对于c3轴线25同心地并且可旋转地布置。所述工件配合支座52、54优选设计为尾架。
为了更换刀具,在纵向支柱45上布置有刀库55,所述刀库具有多个在z方向上叠置的用于其它滚刀44的刀具支架56。所述刀库55只在图1和图2中示出。
为了将工件加工时掉落的碎屑运走,在机架3的区域内在掉落口58下方布置有切屑输送器57。机架3朝掉落口58的方向至少局部设计为漏斗形。
为了控制机床1并且在工件2上制造和加工齿部,设有控制单元59。
机床1的工作方式如下:
为了在工件2上制造齿部,首先手动地或者借助操作设备将工件布置在工件支座20上并且通过z2滑块49的移动借助工件配合支座52在两侧将工件夹紧。接着将配合立柱6围绕c1轴线10回转180°,工件2由此进入工作空间15。通过该回转将夹在工件支座21和工件配合支座54中并且加工完成的工件2从工作空间15输送出,现在可手动地或者借助操作设备卸下工件。在卸下工件之后,可将待加工的新工件2装在工件主轴19上。
处于工件主轴18内的工件2围绕c2轴线24被旋转驱动以便制齿。工件2的制齿过程通常通过滚刀44围绕b轴线42的旋转驱动并且通过滚刀44沿x和z方向以及必要时沿y’方向的线性运动进行。为了制造斜齿,将滚刀44围绕a轴线37回转,因此y’方向与y方向围成锐角。
在制造和加工齿部时出现的力和振动通过立柱5和配合立柱6导入机架3内。通过横梁12尤其加强了配合立柱6的c1轴线10以及工件主轴18的c2轴线24和工件主轴19的c3轴线25,因此加工时的力和振动不会进一步导致c1轴线10和/或c2轴线24或者c3轴线25相对于z方向偏斜。同时也通过闭合的加强框架14加强了立柱5,因此加工时的力和振动不会影响刀具定位单元16和布置于其上的刀具头17的定位精度。通过闭合的加强框架14或者闭合的框架结构还改善了机床1的热学性能以及振动特性。尤其是更好地减弱了加工时出现的振动或者该振动根本不会出现。
在工件2加工完成之后,配合立柱6再次围绕c1轴线10回转180°,因此处于工件主轴18内并且加工完成的工件2从加工空间15移出并且将处于工件主轴19内的待加工工件2布置在工作空间15内。现在重复进行上述加工过程。通过在回转元件7上布置两个工件主轴18、19,实现了较短的停工时间。此外由于闭合的框架结构和由此实现的刚度可以提高工件2的加工速度,由此缩短加工时间或者基本时间。总地来说,机床1在为工件2制齿时具有高的生产率和加工精度。
此外,机床1以简单的方式实现了全自动的刀具更换。在刀库55内为刀具更换预留至少一个新的滚刀44和空间或者空的刀具支架56。为了更换刀具,配合立柱6从前述加工位置起围绕c1轴线10回转90°,从而使刀库55布置在工作空间15内。接着将夹在刀具头17内并且磨损的滚刀44这样围绕a轴线37回转,使得b轴线42平行于y方向延伸。磨损的滚刀44现在通过沿x和z方向的移动放置在空的刀具支架56上并且松脱刀具支座40以及刀具配合支座43。通过刀具配合支座43和/或y滑块38的移动将磨损的滚刀44移出刀具头17。为此,在必要时可以将磨损的滚刀44夹在刀具支架56内。接着通过沿x和z方向的移动将刀具头17移动到新的滚刀44处。通过刀具配合支座43沿y方向的移动将新的滚刀44推入刀具支座40内并且夹在该刀具支座40以及刀具配合支座43内。接着通过沿z方向的移动将新的滚刀44从刀具支架56内移出并且通过沿x方向的移动而移动至立柱5处。通过使配合立柱6再次回转90°,将待加工的工件2布置在工作空间15内。全自动的刀具更换结束,因此可以继续进行工件2的制齿过程。
在加工工件2期间,可以手动地或者借助操作设备将磨损的滚刀44移出刀具支架56并且用新的滚刀44代替。通过自动的刀具更换,实现了较长的无操作人员的机器时间,由此又提高了机床1的生产率。此外,可以避免手动更换刀具所引起的问题,如不确定的中止时间、刀具更换时的质量波动和操作者的工作生理上的负荷。用于自动刀具更换的机器技术耗费较小。
为了进行之后的加工步骤,可以在机架3上布置另一个立柱,其借助横梁12加强并且形成加强元件13的一部分。在该立柱上可以借助其它刀具定位单元布置例如用于为工件2去毛刺和/或倒角的其它刀具。
Claims (15)
1.一种用于在工件上制造齿部的机床,包括
-机架(3),
-回转元件(7),其带有至少两个布置在其上的工件主轴(18、19),其中所述至少两个工件主轴(18、19)
--能够相对于机架(3)围绕回转元件(7)的工件主轴回转轴线(10)回转,并且
--分别具有能够围绕旋转轴线(24、25)被旋转驱动的用于待制齿工件(2)的工件支座(20、21),
-刀具定位单元(16),其带有布置在其上的刀具头(17),其中所述刀具头(17)
--能够相对于所述至少两个工件主轴(18、19)在三个方向上线性移动,并且
--能够围绕刀具头回转轴线(37)回转,
所述机床的特征在于,
-在回转元件(7)上固定地布置有沿工件主轴回转轴线(10)的方向延伸的支承元件(8),
-所述支承元件(8)的自由端部(11)能够围绕工件主轴回转轴线(10)回转地支承在加强元件(13)上,并且
-所述加强元件(13)固定在机架(3)上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的机床,其特征在于,所述机架(3)与回转元件(7)及布置在其上的支承元件(8)以及加强元件(13)共同构成加强框架(14),所述加强框架(14)从四周限定出工作空间(15)。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的机床,其特征在于,所述刀具定位单元(16)支承在加强元件(13)上。
4.根据权利要求1至3之一所述的机床,其特征在于,所述加强元件(13)设计为L形并且具有立柱(5)以及将所述立柱(5)与支承元件(8)相连的横梁(12),所述立柱(5)牢固地固定在机架(3)上并且沿竖直的z方向延伸。
5.根据权利要求1至4之一所述的机床,其特征在于,所述工件主轴回转轴线(10)沿竖直的z方向延伸并且所述回转元件(7)与支承元件(8)共同构成能够回转的配合立柱(6)。
6.根据权利要求1至5之一所述的机床,其特征在于,所述加强元件(13)设计为至少部分呈框架状,其中,尤其是所述立柱(5)设计为框架状并且所述刀具定位单元(16)支承在立柱(5)的通孔(30)内。
7.根据权利要求4至6之一所述的机床,其特征在于,在所述立柱(5)上布置有能够借助z驱动电机(32)沿z方向线性移动的z滑块(31)。
8.根据权利要求7所述的机床,其特征在于,在所述z滑块(31)上布置有能够借助x驱动电机(34)沿水平的x方向线性移动的x滑块(33)。
9.根据权利要求8所述的机床,其特征在于,在所述x滑块(33)上布置有回转件(35),所述回转件能够借助a驱动电机(36)围绕平行于x方向延伸的刀具头回转轴线(37)回转。
10.根据权利要求9所述的机床,其特征在于,在所述回转件(35)上布置有y滑块(38),所述y滑块能够借助y驱动电机(39)横向于x方向和z方向地线性移动。
11.根据权利要求10所述的机床,其特征在于,所述刀具头(17)布置在所述y滑块(38)上。
12.根据权利要求1至11之一所述的机床,其特征在于,所述刀具头(17)具有用于滚刀(44)的能够被旋转驱动的刀具支座(40)和可旋转的刀具配合支座(43),所述刀具支座和刀具配合支座能够相对于彼此线性移动以便夹紧和松开滚刀(44)。
13.根据权利要求1至12之一所述的机床,其特征在于,可旋转的工件配合支座(52、54)分别与对应的工件主轴(18、19)的旋转轴线(24、25)同心地布置在所述支承元件(8)上并且尤其能够沿z方向线性移动。
14.根据权利要求1至13之一所述的机床,其特征在于,所述支承元件(8)连同回转元件(7)、尤其是所述配合立柱(6)设计为框架状。
15.根据权利要求1至14之一所述的机床,其特征在于,在所述支承元件(8)上布置有刀库(55)。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102011082831A DE102011082831B3 (de) | 2011-09-16 | 2011-09-16 | Werkzeugmaschine zur Herstellung von Verzahnungen an Werkstücken |
DE102011082831.1 | 2011-09-16 | ||
PCT/EP2012/068078 WO2013037947A2 (de) | 2011-09-16 | 2012-09-14 | Werkzeugmaschine zur herstellung von verzahnungen an werkstücken |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN103796784A true CN103796784A (zh) | 2014-05-14 |
CN103796784B CN103796784B (zh) | 2015-12-23 |
Family
ID=46851505
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201280044897.7A Active CN103796784B (zh) | 2011-09-16 | 2012-09-14 | 用于在工件上制造齿部的机床 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9427815B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2726240B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP5990589B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN103796784B (zh) |
DE (1) | DE102011082831B3 (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2013152190A (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2013037947A2 (zh) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105081476A (zh) * | 2014-05-23 | 2015-11-25 | 湖南中大创远数控装备有限公司 | 一种数控齿轮机床 |
CN106881753A (zh) * | 2015-12-04 | 2017-06-23 | 米夏埃尔·魏尼希有限公司 | 用于加工由木材、塑料或类似材料制成的工件的机床用压紧装置以及具有至少一个压紧装置的机床 |
CN107790827A (zh) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-03-13 | 天津市达鑫精密机械设备有限公司 | 一种卧式数控倒棱机加工系统 |
CN114871509A (zh) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-08-09 | 玉环普天单向器有限公司 | 一种变速箱单向器星轮外齿插齿加工装置 |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103567462A (zh) * | 2012-07-20 | 2014-02-12 | 鸿准精密模具(昆山)有限公司 | 车床 |
DE102013003769B4 (de) * | 2013-02-18 | 2015-05-21 | Liebherr-Verzahntechnik Gmbh | Verzahnmaschine und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines verzahnten Werkstückes |
DE102013010246A1 (de) * | 2013-05-14 | 2014-11-20 | Liebherr-Verzahntechnik Gmbh | Verfahren zur Verzahnbearbeitung von Werkstücken |
DE102013013276A1 (de) | 2013-08-08 | 2015-02-12 | Liebherr-Verzahntechnik Gmbh | Werkzeugmaschine und Verfahren zur spanenden Bearbeitung von Werkstücken mit mindestens zwei separaten Bearbeitungseinheiten |
JP1518369S (zh) | 2013-09-13 | 2015-03-02 | ||
DE102013020911A1 (de) * | 2013-12-12 | 2015-06-18 | Emag Holding Gmbh | Werkzeugmaschine zum Schleifen oder Wälzfräsen |
CA154873S (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2015-06-26 | Aonix Advanced Materials | Advanced composite material production machine |
USD788196S1 (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2017-05-30 | Pocket NC Company | Multi-axis machine |
USD799570S1 (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2017-10-10 | Dmg Mori Co., Ltd. | Machining center |
DE102016010748A1 (de) | 2016-09-06 | 2018-03-08 | Emag Holding Gmbh | Doppelspindlige Wälzfräsmaschine |
WO2019034286A1 (de) * | 2017-08-16 | 2019-02-21 | Sew-Eurodrive Gmbh & Co. Kg | Zahnrad, maschine zum herstellen eines zahnrads und verfahren zum herstellen der verzahnung eines zahnrads |
CN108080748A (zh) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-05-29 | 瓦房店轴承集团有限责任公司 | 风电轴承齿锥齿加工方法 |
USD861750S1 (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2019-10-01 | Pocket NC Company | Multi-axis machine |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6176656B1 (en) * | 1998-09-05 | 2001-01-23 | Daewoo Heavy Industries Ltd. | Machine tool with a splash guard arrangement |
US20050143236A1 (en) * | 2003-12-25 | 2005-06-30 | Shunsuke Nakazawa | Tool changer of machine tool |
DE102006019325B3 (de) * | 2006-04-24 | 2007-09-06 | Felsomat Gmbh & Co. Kg | Werkzeugmaschine zur Verzahnungsbearbeitung von Werkstücken |
CN201543914U (zh) * | 2009-10-20 | 2010-08-11 | 西安贝吉姆机床股份有限公司 | 数控蜗杆砂轮磨齿机 |
CN201900338U (zh) * | 2010-12-07 | 2011-07-20 | 常州工学院 | 一种适于轴向和径向进给的数控滚齿机 |
Family Cites Families (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2343407A (en) * | 1940-03-16 | 1944-03-07 | Gleason Works | Machine for chamfering gears |
DE844392C (de) * | 1944-07-18 | 1952-07-21 | Hermann Pfauter K G | Gegenhalter an Werkzeugmaschinen |
US2585271A (en) * | 1946-04-15 | 1952-02-12 | Nat Broach & Mach | Gear finishing machine |
US2585272A (en) * | 1947-02-03 | 1952-02-12 | Nat Broach & Mach | Automatic gear finishing machine |
DE964197C (de) * | 1955-02-19 | 1957-05-16 | Lorenz A G Maschf | Zahnradfraesmaschine |
DE1017885B (de) * | 1955-06-02 | 1957-10-17 | Lorenz Maschf | Automatische Be- und Entladeeinrichtung fuer zylindrische Radkoerper an einer Zahnradbearbeitungsmaschine |
DE1843890U (de) * | 1961-07-29 | 1961-12-21 | Kehr & Wichmann | Entgratungs- und reinigungsmaschine fuer insbesondere runde werkstuecke. |
JPH0639859Y2 (ja) * | 1986-07-02 | 1994-10-19 | 株式会社カシフジ | ホブ盤のホブ交換装置 |
JPH03245938A (ja) * | 1990-02-21 | 1991-11-01 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 歯切り盤の自動工具交換方法 |
IT1248226B (it) * | 1991-05-31 | 1995-01-05 | Cima | Apparecchiatura per il cambio automatico dei pezzi e dell'utensile in una macchina dentatrice. |
DE4301393C2 (de) * | 1993-01-20 | 1996-05-23 | Witzig & Frank Turmatic Gmbh | Rundtakt-Werkzeugmaschine |
JP3028780U (ja) * | 1996-03-06 | 1996-09-13 | 株式会社浅野歯車工作所 | 立形ホブ盤 |
US6840720B2 (en) * | 2001-06-21 | 2005-01-11 | The Gleason Works | Machine for deburring and fine machining of tooth flanks of toothed workpieces |
JP4648219B2 (ja) * | 2006-02-28 | 2011-03-09 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 歯車研削盤 |
DE102008048571A1 (de) * | 2008-09-23 | 2010-03-25 | Grob-Werke Gmbh & Co. Kg | Bearbeitungseinheit |
DE102009008122B4 (de) * | 2009-02-09 | 2012-04-05 | Deckel Maho Pfronten Gmbh | Werkzeugmaschine zum Bearbeiten eines Werkstücks durch Zerspanen und Verfahren zum Fertigen eines eine Verzahnung aufweisenden Werkstücks durch Wälzfräsen |
DE102010028032B4 (de) * | 2010-04-21 | 2012-02-09 | Felsomat Gmbh & Co. Kg | Werkzeugmaschine mit zusätzlichem Zuganker |
JP5741531B2 (ja) * | 2012-02-24 | 2015-07-01 | アイシン・エィ・ダブリュ株式会社 | 回転加工機及び回転加工方法 |
DE102013008709A1 (de) * | 2013-05-22 | 2014-11-27 | Gleason-Pfauter Maschinenfabrik Gmbh | Verfahren zum Erzeugen und/oder Bearbeiten einer Verzahnung und Verzahnungsmaschine |
-
2011
- 2011-09-16 DE DE102011082831A patent/DE102011082831B3/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2012
- 2012-09-14 CN CN201280044897.7A patent/CN103796784B/zh active Active
- 2012-09-14 JP JP2014530239A patent/JP5990589B2/ja active Active
- 2012-09-14 US US14/344,616 patent/US9427815B2/en active Active
- 2012-09-14 WO PCT/EP2012/068078 patent/WO2013037947A2/de active Application Filing
- 2012-09-14 EP EP12759139.4A patent/EP2726240B1/de active Active
- 2012-09-14 RU RU2013152190/02A patent/RU2013152190A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6176656B1 (en) * | 1998-09-05 | 2001-01-23 | Daewoo Heavy Industries Ltd. | Machine tool with a splash guard arrangement |
US20050143236A1 (en) * | 2003-12-25 | 2005-06-30 | Shunsuke Nakazawa | Tool changer of machine tool |
DE102006019325B3 (de) * | 2006-04-24 | 2007-09-06 | Felsomat Gmbh & Co. Kg | Werkzeugmaschine zur Verzahnungsbearbeitung von Werkstücken |
CN101448596A (zh) * | 2006-04-24 | 2009-06-03 | 费尔索梅特有限及两合公司 | 用于加工工件齿结构的机床 |
CN201543914U (zh) * | 2009-10-20 | 2010-08-11 | 西安贝吉姆机床股份有限公司 | 数控蜗杆砂轮磨齿机 |
CN201900338U (zh) * | 2010-12-07 | 2011-07-20 | 常州工学院 | 一种适于轴向和径向进给的数控滚齿机 |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105081476A (zh) * | 2014-05-23 | 2015-11-25 | 湖南中大创远数控装备有限公司 | 一种数控齿轮机床 |
CN106881753A (zh) * | 2015-12-04 | 2017-06-23 | 米夏埃尔·魏尼希有限公司 | 用于加工由木材、塑料或类似材料制成的工件的机床用压紧装置以及具有至少一个压紧装置的机床 |
CN107790827A (zh) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-03-13 | 天津市达鑫精密机械设备有限公司 | 一种卧式数控倒棱机加工系统 |
CN114871509A (zh) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-08-09 | 玉环普天单向器有限公司 | 一种变速箱单向器星轮外齿插齿加工装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102011082831B3 (de) | 2013-01-31 |
RU2013152190A (ru) | 2015-10-27 |
EP2726240A2 (de) | 2014-05-07 |
US20140341669A1 (en) | 2014-11-20 |
WO2013037947A2 (de) | 2013-03-21 |
US9427815B2 (en) | 2016-08-30 |
WO2013037947A3 (de) | 2013-07-25 |
JP2014530111A (ja) | 2014-11-17 |
CN103796784B (zh) | 2015-12-23 |
EP2726240B1 (de) | 2015-12-16 |
JP5990589B2 (ja) | 2016-09-14 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN103796784A (zh) | 用于在工件上制造齿部的机床 | |
JP3068001B2 (ja) | 複数のスピンドルを備えた工作機械 | |
US8529420B2 (en) | Machine tool for processing workpieces | |
CN103747900B (zh) | 刀具支架和具有刀具支架的机床 | |
CN102448643B (zh) | 复合加工车床 | |
CN102896561B (zh) | 全自动数控钻头刃磨床 | |
US8506358B2 (en) | Method for the operation of a gear or profile grinding machine and gear or profile grinding machine | |
CN103747899B (zh) | 机床 | |
CN105531079B (zh) | 机械工作系统 | |
CN101869994B (zh) | 复合车床和工件加工方法 | |
CN104339175B (zh) | 具有至少两个独立加工单元的用于加工工件的机床和方法 | |
EP3488953B1 (en) | Machine tool | |
CN202825239U (zh) | 工件支承装置和机床 | |
US20100058903A1 (en) | Multiple-spindle turning machine having workpiece supporting spindles movable in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the machine | |
CN105531081B (zh) | 机械工作系统 | |
CN104411452B (zh) | 机床 | |
KR101812694B1 (ko) | 크랭크 샤프트의 단면을 가공하기 위한 기계 및 방법 | |
CN101497164A (zh) | 微型车铣复合机 | |
JP4284593B2 (ja) | 工作機械のモジュラーシステム | |
JP2014065133A (ja) | 平行2軸複合工作機械 | |
US20220097186A1 (en) | Multifunctional machining center | |
CN101842187B (zh) | 加工中心 | |
CN208196371U (zh) | 一种三轴数控机床 | |
CN214642458U (zh) | 一种小型工件加工磨床 | |
JP2009291848A (ja) | 工作機械 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C41 | Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model | ||
TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |
Effective date of registration: 20151110 Address after: German Moss Bach Applicant after: MAG IAS GMBH Address before: German goppingen Applicant before: MAG IAS GmbH |
|
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |