CN103733863B - Hopea hainanensis semi-lignification tender branch cutting seedling raising method - Google Patents
Hopea hainanensis semi-lignification tender branch cutting seedling raising method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hopea hainanensis semi-lignification tender branch cutting seedling raising method. The method includes: collecting the seeds of hopea hainanensis select trees for seedling raising, and selecting good seedlings to build a cutting orchard; in the second growing year of the seedlings in the cutting orchard, selecting the special part of a semi-lignification tender branch as a cutting material, shearing the same into 10-15cm in length, and retaining 1/3 of each of two leaves close to the top; allowing the upper cut of the cutting material to be flat and lower cut to be oblique and close to a leaf joint; immediately cleaning the sterilizing the taken and processed cutting material, soaking the lower portion of the cutting material into prepared plant growth adjusting agent for a certain time, performing cutting material cuttage on a matrix, and performing post management after the cuttage to obtain robust hopea hainanensis seedlings. By the method, hopea hainanensis cuttage rooting percentage and survival rate are increased, the rooting process is shortened effectively, fast reproduction is achieved, good inheritable characters of the select trees can be kept, and the method is low in cost, easy to popularize and promising in development prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of plant asexual propagation, particularly a kind of method of hopea hainanensis semi-lignified epicormic branch cutting.
Background technology
Hopea hainanensis (Hopea hainanensis Merr.et Chun) has another name called Hainan Ke than wood, Hai Mei, gumhar public affairs, Wan Nianmu, is Dipterocarpaceae (Dipterocarpaceae) Hopea (Hopea) seeds, aiphyllium.Hopea hainanensis is one of China's preciousness material and Hainan Wu great Te class timber varieties of trees (hopea hainanensis, Hua Li, sub-capital, female raw and lichee), wood structure is even, fine and close, texture interlocks, glossy attractive in appearance, tough and tensile durable, resistance to especially water stain, do not damaged by worms, be embedded in underground 40 years still immortal, its material is the hat of Hainan seeds, and optimum does special industrial, technique and top-grade furniture and interior decoration; In addition, light yellow resin can hyoscine and paint raw materials.
Hopea hainanensis is the distinctive tropical rain forest species in Hainan Province of China, is sporadicly distributed in the south in Hainan Island, only distributes comparatively concentrated at Jianfengling and Bawangling Nature Reserve.Due to the over-exploitation, indiscriminate felling of trees, deforest and reclamation etc. of the mankind, cause natural forest area sharply to reduce, existing large tree only has hundreds of remaining strain.At present this kind is in critically endangered state, 1984, is listed in country's II grade of rare endangered plants and taboo and cuts down trees kind.1999, be listed in again national I level Top-rated protected wild plants.Hopea hainanensis hip number is few and easily engulfed by wildlife, seed longevity is short, very easily devitalization, understory plants seedling poor growth, all of these factors taken together all limits natural regeneration, the sexual propagation fertility of hopea hainanensis, precious resources on the spot with the development process of ex-situ cultivation and forest plantation.
By asexual Technique on Cuttage Propagation, can solve because of seed-setting with yield poorly, the problems such as genetic variation and genetic differentiation is large, for the preservation of hopea hainanensis resource and exploitation open new way.Hopea hainanensis branch includes the differentiation process again that emulsion state compound inhibits cell, makes it become more difficult tropical rare tree of taking root.At present, the domestic research to its asexual Technique on Cuttage Propagation is actually rare, and prior art exists cutting plantation and the problem such as survival rate is low.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of prior art and deficiency, there is provided a kind of method of hopea hainanensis semi-lignified epicormic branch cutting, the method has takes root and survival rate is high, required time is short, cost is low, seedling quality is good, reliable and stable, convenient promote and can keep the advantages such as maternal plant merit.
Goal of the invention of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A method for hopea hainanensis semi-lignified epicormic branch cutting, comprises following steps:
(1) preparation of fringe seedling: the seed gathering hopea hainanensis (H.hainanensis Merr.et Chun) select tree, carries out seeding and seedling raising; Then excellent seedling is selected, construction cutting orchard; Next year, from the nursery stock cutting orchard, choose semi-lignified spray as cuttings material;
(2) preparation of mixed-matrix: by peat soil, vermiculite, perlite, coconut palm chaff 5:2:(1 ~ 2 by volume): 1 fully mixes, and obtains mixed-matrix; This mixed-matrix has good nutrient preserving capability, water binding capacity and gas permeability, and before can also effectively preventing from taking root, cuttings base portion rots and provides good growing environment for root growth;
(3) preparation of cuttings and cuttage: select 7:00 ~ 9:00 in the morning, illumination is when being less than 10000lx, get the semi-lignified spray that step (1) obtains, choose privileged site and be cut into the long cuttings of 10 ~ 15cm, cuttings retains 2 blades near top, and every sheet retains 1/3 leaf area; Cuttings upper cut is flat mouth, and to reduce moisture loss, cut sth. askew and near leaf segment place, be beneficial to cuttings and absorb moisture in lower end; Then clean cuttings, and carry out disinfection; Again cuttings bottom is put into the plant growth regulator treatment liquid prepared, and then cuttage is in mixed-matrix;
(4) final management and maintenance: after cuttage, waters once permeable, sprays 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 200 times of liquid immediately comprehensively and carries out disinfection; The temperature of cuttage environment maintenance is afterwards 20 ~ 33 DEG C, relative moisture is not less than 80%; Meanwhile, regularly cuttage environment is carried out disinfection;
The health that the preferred diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of hopea hainanensis select tree is not less than 30cm, the height of tree is not less than 15m described in step (1) and trunk leads to straight wild-type tree;
2 years raw seedling that the preferred leading thread of excellent seedling is not less than 0.6cm, height of seedling is not less than 60cm described in step (1);
Footpath, semi-lignified spray preferred lower end described in step (1) is the spray of 0.22 ~ 0.30cm;
Mixed-matrix described in step (2) is preferably placed on 50 cave seedling dishes of long 540mm, wide 280mm, dark 110mm specification, first 2 days of cuttage by mass percent be 0.3% liquor potassic permanganate pouring carried out to mixed-matrix fill with sterilization, to drench, mixed-matrix is as the criterion; The advantage of selected seedling dish is to save mixed-matrix, saves space, and after seedling, root system group together, effectively improves transplanting success;
The preparation month of cuttings described in step (3) is preferably April and September;
Semi-lignified spray described in step (3) is used for making the part that the privileged site of cuttings is distance semi-lignified spray top 3 ~ 18cm;
Cleaning way described in step (3) is preferably put into distilled water and is soaked 2 ~ 3 hours, makes it suction moisture, is beneficial to take root, have certain effect simultaneously to the elimination of internal hormones and related enzyme;
Disinfection way described in step (3) is preferably the disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate 1 ~ 2min of 0.1% by mass percent, cleaner with distilled water flushing;
Plant growth regulator treatment liquid described in step (3) is preferably indolebutyric acid (IBA) solution; Be more preferably, the concentration of described indolebutyric acid solution is 1500 ~ 2000mgL
-1;
The time of described in step (3), cuttings bottom being put into the plant growth regulator treatment liquid prepared is preferably quickly dipped 10 ~ 15s;
Cuttage mode described in step (3) is preferably straight cutting method, by the ecological upper end of cuttings upwards, vertically inserts in plug media, every cave cuttage 1 strain cuttings;
First in matrix, make a call to one by bamboo cane before cuttage mode described in step (3) is more preferably cuttage and guide hole, the degree of depth is 3 ~ 4cm, then cuttings is vertically inserted in plug media, every cave cuttage 1 strain cuttings;
Comprehensive sprinkling described in step (4) refers to that cuttings, matrix and surrounding enviroment all will spray 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 200 times of liquid;
The regular concrete grammar that cuttage environment is carried out disinfection described in step (4) be sprayed respectively every 2 ~ 3 days mass percent be 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate and 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 500 times of liquid carry out alternately sterilization; After 20 days, still by the alternately sterilization of this concentration, 7 days 1 time.
The present invention has following advantage and effect relative to prior art:
(1) the present invention is with peat soil common on market, vermiculite, perlite, coconut palm chaff for cutting medium, easily obtains and with low cost, saving managerial work cost.
(2) matrix saved by selected seedling dish, saves space, and after seedling, root system group together, effectively can improve transplanting success; Can reuse, save great amount of cost.
(3) environment required for cuttage easily realizes and convenient management.
(4) this method is adopted to carry out hopea hainanensis cuttage and seedling culture, breach the difficult rooting technique bottleneck of hopea hainanensis, namely after cuttage 30 ~ 35 days start to take root, and within 4 ~ 5 months, can transplant, effectively shorten required time of taking root, significantly improve the rooting rate of hopea hainanensis cuttage and transplanting success, cuttage rooting quality is good; Can keep merit, reliable and stable, convenient popularization, has vast potential for future development.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
The raw material sources used in embodiment:
Indolebutyric acid (IBA) is the production of Bai Ao bio tech ltd, Shanghai; Absolute ethyl alcohol is that Tianjin Fu Yu Fine Chemical Co., Ltd produces; 50% carbendazol wettable powder is that Shanghai Ruilian Chemical Co., Ltd. produces.
Embodiment 1
Hopea hainanensis cuttage operates in late September greenhouse to be carried out:
(1) preparation of fringe seedling: gather the seed that healthy and trunk leads to straight wild hopea hainanensis select tree (diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 42.5cm, height of tree 16.5m), carry out seed seedling-raising; Then excellent seedling (leading thread >=0.6cm, height of seedling >=60cm) is selected to build cutting orchard; When growth of seedling was by the 2nd year, from the nursery stock cutting orchard, choose footpath, lower end is that the semi-lignified spray of 0.22cm is as cuttings material;
(2) preparation of mixed-matrix and selection of container: by peat soil, vermiculite, perlite, coconut palm chaff by volume 5:2:2:1 fully mix, obtain mixed-matrix; Then mixed-matrix is loaded cuttage vessel, first 2 days of cuttage by mass percent be 0.3% liquor potassic permanganate pouring carried out to matrix fill with sterilization, to drench, mixed-matrix is as the criterion, and cuttage vessel adopts 50 cave seedling dishes of long 540mm, wide 280mm, dark 110mm specification;
(3) preparation of cuttings and cuttage: the last ten-days period in September, when selection 7:00 in the morning, illumination are less than 10000lux, get the semi-lignified spray that step (1) obtains, the position of selected distance semi-lignified spray top 3cm to be cut into 10cm long, retain 2 blades near top, every sheet leaf retains 1/3 leaf area; Cuttings upper cut is flat mouth, and to reduce moisture loss, cut sth. askew and try one's best near leaf segment place in lower end; By indolebutyric acid (IBA) anhydrous alcohol solution, be then mixed with 1500mgL
-1indolebutyric acid solution; The cuttings prepared is put into distilled water to soak 3 hours, take out put into mass percent be 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate sterilize clean with distilled water flushing after 1min; Then cuttings bottom is immersed the 1500mgL prepared
-1indolebutyric acid solution in, take out after 15s, after absolute ethanol volatilizes, carry out cuttage: adopt straight cutting method, every cave cuttage 1 strain cuttings; First in matrix, make a call to one by bamboo cane before cuttage and guide hole, the degree of depth is 3 ~ 4cm, and by the compacting a little of its surrounding substrate after inserting, aforesaid operations carries out in greenhouse;
(4) final-period management: after cuttage, waters once permeable, sprays 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 200 times of liquid immediately comprehensively and carries out disinfection; Seedbed is put up plastic film shed, keep cuttage ambient humidity; In greenhouse, most of high light is filtered by greenhouse shading screen, but still needs the shading screen with light transmittance is 35% to shade at sun-drenched noon, in case cuttings leaf transpiration is excessive, and cuttings dehydration and drying up; After cuttage, sprayed respectively every 3 days mass percent be 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate and 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 500 times of liquid carry out alternately sterilization; After 20 days, still by the alternately sterilization of this concentration, 7 days 1 time; Carry out water spray every day, keep cuttage environmental temperature at 27 ~ 33 DEG C, humidity is more than 80% simultaneously.
Namely after cuttage the 30th day start to take root, within 75 ~ 100 days, reach peak period of taking root, within 4 ~ 5 months, can transplant, effectively shorten required time of taking root.Rooting rate is up to 48.66%, and transplanting success, up to 89.73%, significantly improves rooting rate and the transplanting success of hopea hainanensis cuttage.
Embodiment 2
Hopea hainanensis cuttage operates in late April greenhouse to be carried out:
(1) preparation of fringe seedling: gather the seed that healthy and trunk leads to straight wild hopea hainanensis select tree (diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 38.0cm, height of tree 16.8m), carry out seed seedling-raising, then select excellent seedling (leading thread >=0.6cm, height of seedling >=60cm) to build cutting orchard; When growth of seedling was by the 2nd year, from the nursery stock cutting orchard, choose footpath, lower end is that the semi-lignified spray of 0.30cm is as cuttings material;
(2) preparation of mixed-matrix and selection of container: by peat soil, vermiculite, perlite, coconut palm chaff by volume 5:2:1:1 fully mix, obtain mixed-matrix; Then mixed-matrix is loaded cuttage vessel, first 2 days of cuttage by mass percent be 0.3% liquor potassic permanganate pouring carried out to matrix fill with sterilization, to drench, mixed-matrix is as the criterion, and cuttage vessel adopts long 540mm, wide 280mm, dark 110mm specification 50 cave seedling dish;
(3) preparation of cuttings and cuttage: the last ten-days period in April, when selection 9:00 in the morning, illumination are less than 10000lx, get the semi-lignified spray that step (1) obtains, the position of selected distance semi-lignified spray top 18cm to be cut into 15cm long, retain 2 blades near top, every sheet leaf retains 1/3 leaf area; Cuttings upper cut is flat mouth, and to reduce moisture loss, cut sth. askew and try one's best near leaf segment place in lower end; By indolebutyric acid (IBA) anhydrous alcohol solution, be then mixed with 1800mgL
-1indolebutyric acid solution; The cuttings prepared is put into distilled water to soak 2.5 hours, take out put into mass percent be 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate sterilize clean with distilled water flushing after 1min, then cuttings bottom is immersed the 1800mgL prepared
-1indolebutyric acid solution in, take out after 12s, after absolute ethanol volatilizes, carry out cuttage: adopt straight cutting method, every cave cuttage 1 strain cuttings; First in matrix, make a call to one by bamboo cane before cuttage and guide hole, the degree of depth is 3 ~ 4cm, and by the compacting a little of its surrounding substrate after inserting, aforesaid operations carries out in greenhouse;
(4) final-period management: after cuttage, waters once permeable, sprays 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 200 times of liquid immediately comprehensively and carries out disinfection; Seedbed is put up plastic film shed, keep cuttage ambient humidity; In greenhouse, most of high light is filtered by greenhouse shading screen, but still needs the shading screen with light transmittance is 35% to shade at sun-drenched noon, in case cuttings leaf transpiration is excessive, and cuttings dehydration and drying up.After cuttage, sprayed respectively every 2 days mass percent be 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate and 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 500 times of liquid carry out alternately sterilization; After 20 days, still by the alternately sterilization of this concentration, 7 days 1 time; Carry out water spray every day, keep cuttage environmental temperature at 20 ~ 25 DEG C, humidity is more than 85% simultaneously.
Namely after cuttage the 34th day start to take root, within 80 ~ 110 days, reach peak period of taking root, within 4 ~ 5 months, can transplant, effectively shorten required time of taking root.Rooting rate is up to 44.40%, and transplanting success, up to 92.80%, significantly improves rooting rate and the transplanting success of hopea hainanensis cuttage.
Embodiment 3
Hopea hainanensis cuttage operates in late April greenhouse to be carried out:
(1) preparation of fringe seedling: gather the seed that healthy and trunk leads to straight wild hopea hainanensis select tree (diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 35cm, height of tree 16.5m), carry out seed seedling-raising, then select excellent seedling (leading thread >=0.6cm, height of seedling >=60cm) to build cutting orchard; When growth of seedling was by the 2nd year, from the nursery stock cutting orchard, choose footpath, lower end is that the semi-lignified spray of 0.26cm is as cuttings material;
(2) preparation of mixed-matrix and selection of container: by peat soil, vermiculite, perlite, coconut palm chaff by volume 5:2:2:1 fully mix, obtain mixed-matrix; Then mixed-matrix is loaded cuttage vessel, first 2 days of cuttage by mass percent be 0.3% liquor potassic permanganate pouring carried out to matrix fill with sterilization, to drench, mixed-matrix is as the criterion, and cuttage vessel adopts 50 cave seedling dishes of long 540mm, wide 280mm, dark 110mm specification;
(3) preparation of cuttings and cuttage: late April, when selection 8:00 in the morning, illumination are less than 10000lx, get the semi-lignified spray that step (1) obtains, the position of selected distance semi-lignified spray top 9cm to be cut into 12cm long, retain 2 blades near top, every sheet leaf retains 1/3 leaf area; Cuttings upper cut is flat mouth, and to reduce moisture loss, cut sth. askew and try one's best near leaf segment place in lower end; By indolebutyric acid (IBA) anhydrous alcohol solution, be then mixed with 2000mgL
-1indolebutyric acid solution; The cuttings prepared is put into distilled water to soak 2 hours, take out put into mass percent be 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate sterilize clean with distilled water flushing after 2min, then cuttings bottom is immersed the 2000mgL prepared
-1indolebutyric acid solution in, take out after 10s, after absolute ethanol volatilizes, carry out cuttage: adopt straight cutting method, every cave cuttage 1 strain cuttings; First in matrix, make a call to one by bamboo cane before cuttage and guide hole, the degree of depth is 3 ~ 4cm, and by the compacting a little of its surrounding substrate after inserting, aforesaid operations carries out in greenhouse;
(4) final-period management: after cuttage, waters once permeable, sprays 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 200 times of liquid immediately comprehensively and carries out disinfection; Seedbed is put up plastic film shed, keep cuttage ambient humidity.In greenhouse, most of high light is filtered by greenhouse shading screen, but still needs the shading screen with light transmittance is 35% to shade at sun-drenched noon, in case cuttings leaf transpiration is excessive, and cuttings dehydration and drying up; After cuttage, sprayed respectively every 2 days mass percent be 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate and 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 500 times of liquid carry out alternately sterilization; After 20 days, still by the alternately sterilization of this concentration, 7 days 1 time; Carry out water spray every day, keep cuttage environmental temperature at 20 ~ 25 DEG C, humidity is more than 85% simultaneously.
Namely after cuttage the 31st day start to take root, within 75 ~ 110 days, reach peak period of taking root, within 4 ~ 5 months, can transplant, effectively shorten required time of taking root.Rooting rate is up to 47.20%, and transplanting success, up to 88.98%, significantly improves rooting rate and the transplanting success of hopea hainanensis cuttage.
Comparative example 1
Hopea hainanensis cuttage operates in early January greenhouse to be carried out:
(1) preparation of fringe seedling: gather the seed that healthy and trunk leads to straight wild hopea hainanensis select tree (diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 35cm, height of tree 16.5m), carry out seed seedling-raising, then select excellent seedling (leading thread >=0.6cm, height of seedling >=60cm) to build cutting orchard; When growth of seedling was by the 2nd year, from the nursery stock cutting orchard, choose footpath, lower end is that the semi-lignified spray of 0.26cm is as cuttings material;
(2) preparation of mixed-matrix and selection of container: by peat soil, vermiculite, perlite, coconut palm chaff by volume 5:2:2:1 fully mix, obtain mixed-matrix; Then mixed-matrix is loaded cuttage vessel, first 2 days of cuttage by mass percent be 0.3% liquor potassic permanganate pouring carried out to matrix fill with sterilization, to drench, mixed-matrix is as the criterion, and cuttage vessel adopts 50 cave seedling dishes of long 540mm, wide 280mm, dark 110mm specification;
(3) preparation of cuttings and cuttage: early January, when selection 8:00 in the morning, illumination are less than 10000lx, get the semi-lignified spray that step (1) obtains, the position of selected distance semi-lignified spray top 9cm to be cut into 12cm long, retain 2 blades near top, every sheet leaf retains 1/3 leaf area; Cuttings upper cut is flat mouth, and to reduce moisture loss, cut sth. askew and try one's best near leaf segment place in lower end; By indolebutyric acid (IBA) anhydrous alcohol solution, be then mixed with 2000mgL
-1indolebutyric acid solution; The cuttings that step (3) prepares is put into distilled water to soak 2 hours, take out put into mass percent be 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate sterilize clean with distilled water flushing after 2min, then cuttings bottom is immersed the 2000mgL prepared
-1indolebutyric acid solution in, take out after 10s, after absolute ethanol volatilizes, carry out cuttage: adopt straight cutting method, every cave cuttage 1 strain cuttings; First in matrix, make a call to one by bamboo cane before cuttage and guide hole, the degree of depth is 3 ~ 4cm, and by the compacting a little of its surrounding substrate after inserting, aforesaid operations carries out in greenhouse;
(4) final-period management: after cuttage, waters once permeable, sprays 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 200 times of liquid immediately comprehensively and carries out disinfection; Seedbed is put up plastic film shed, keep cuttage ambient humidity.In greenhouse, most of high light is filtered by greenhouse shading screen, but still needs the shading screen with light transmittance is 35% to shade at sun-drenched noon, in case cuttings leaf transpiration is excessive, and cuttings dehydration and drying up; After cuttage, sprayed respectively every 2 days mass percent be 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate and 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 500 times of liquid carry out alternately sterilization; After 20 days, still by the alternately sterilization of this concentration, 7 days 1 time; Carry out water spray every day, keep cuttage environmental temperature at 20 ~ 25 DEG C, humidity is more than 85% simultaneously.
After cuttage the 43rd day starts to take root, within 75 ~ 110 days, reaches peak period of taking root, within 4 ~ 5 months, can transplant.Rooting rate 16.33%, transplanting success 85.71%, the rooting rate of hopea hainanensis cuttage is starkly lower than preferred month.
Comparative example 2
Hopea hainanensis cuttage operates in greenhouse mid-August to be carried out:
(1) preparation of fringe seedling: gather the seed that healthy and trunk leads to straight wild hopea hainanensis select tree (diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 35cm, height of tree 16.5m), carry out seed seedling-raising, then select excellent seedling (leading thread >=0.6cm, height of seedling >=60cm) to build cutting orchard; When growth of seedling was by the 2nd year, from the nursery stock cutting orchard, choose footpath, lower end is that the semi-lignified spray of 0.26cm is as cuttings material;
(2) preparation of mixed-matrix and selection of container: by peat soil, vermiculite, perlite, coconut palm chaff by volume 5:2:2:1 fully mix, obtain mixed-matrix; Then mixed-matrix is loaded cuttage vessel, first 2 days of cuttage by mass percent be 0.3% liquor potassic permanganate pouring carried out to matrix fill with sterilization, to drench, mixed-matrix is as the criterion, and cuttage vessel adopts 50 cave seedling dishes of long 540mm, wide 280mm, dark 110mm specification;
(3) preparation of cuttings and cuttage: mid-August, when selection 8:00 in the morning, illumination are less than 10000lx, get the semi-lignified spray that step (1) obtains, the position of selected distance semi-lignified spray top 9cm to be cut into 12cm long, retain 2 blades near top, every sheet leaf retains 1/3 leaf area; Cuttings upper cut is flat mouth, and to reduce moisture loss, cut sth. askew and try one's best near leaf segment place in lower end; By indolebutyric acid (IBA) anhydrous alcohol solution, be then mixed with 2000mgL
-1indolebutyric acid solution; The cuttings that step (3) prepares is put into distilled water to soak 2 hours, take out put into mass percent be 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate sterilize clean with distilled water flushing after 2min, then cuttings bottom is immersed the 2000mgL prepared
-1indolebutyric acid solution in, take out after 10s, after absolute ethanol volatilizes, carry out cuttage: adopt straight cutting method, every cave cuttage 1 strain cuttings; First in matrix, make a call to one by bamboo cane before cuttage and guide hole, the degree of depth is 3 ~ 4cm, and by the compacting a little of its surrounding substrate after inserting, aforesaid operations carries out in greenhouse;
(4) final-period management: after cuttage, waters once permeable, sprays 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 200 times of liquid immediately comprehensively and carries out disinfection; Seedbed is put up plastic film shed, keep cuttage ambient humidity.In greenhouse, most of high light is filtered by greenhouse shading screen, but still needs the shading screen with light transmittance is 35% to shade at sun-drenched noon, in case cuttings leaf transpiration is excessive, and cuttings dehydration and drying up; After cuttage, sprayed respectively every 2 days mass percent be 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate and 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 500 times of liquid carry out alternately sterilization; After 20 days, still by the alternately sterilization of this concentration, 7 days 1 time; Carry out water spray every day, keep cuttage environmental temperature at 20 ~ 25 DEG C, humidity is more than 85% simultaneously.
After cuttage the 39th day starts to take root, within 75 ~ 110 days, reaches peak period of taking root, within 4 ~ 5 months, can transplant.Rooting rate is 21.50%, and transplanting success is 78.29%, and the rooting rate of hopea hainanensis cuttage is starkly lower than preferred month.
The present invention, easily to obtain and with low cost for cutting medium with common peat soil, vermiculite, perlite, coconut palm chaff; Cuttage vessel can reuse, and saves great amount of cost.Carry out the cuttage of hopea hainanensis through this method, within 30 ~ 35 days, start to take root after inserting, within 4 ~ 5 months, can transplant, effectively shorten required time of taking root, significantly improve the rooting rate of hopea hainanensis cuttage and transplanting success, cuttage rooting quality is good; Can keep merit, reliable and stable, convenient popularization, has vast potential for future development.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention's preferably embodiment; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; change, the modification done under other any does not deviate from Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle, substitute, combine, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a method for hopea hainanensis semi-lignified epicormic branch cutting, is characterized in that comprising following steps:
(1) preparation of fringe seedling: the seed gathering hopea hainanensis select tree, carries out seeding and seedling raising; Then excellent seedling is selected, construction cutting orchard; Next year, from the nursery stock cutting orchard, choose semi-lignified spray as cuttings material;
(2) preparation of mixed-matrix: by peat soil, vermiculite, perlite, coconut palm chaff 5:2:(1 ~ 2 by volume): 1 fully mixes, and obtains mixed-matrix;
(3) preparation of cuttings and cuttage: select 7:00 ~ 9:00 in the morning, illumination is when being less than 10000lx, get the semi-lignified spray that step (1) obtains, choose privileged site and be cut into the long cuttings of 10 ~ 15cm, cuttings retains 2 blades near top, and every sheet retains 1/3 leaf area; Cuttings upper cut is flat mouth, cuts sth. askew and close leaf segment place in lower end; Then clean cuttings, and carry out disinfection; Again cuttings bottom is put into the plant growth regulator treatment liquid prepared, and then cuttage is in mixed-matrix;
(4) final management and maintenance: after cuttage, waters once permeable, sprays 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 200 times of liquid immediately comprehensively and carries out disinfection; The temperature of cuttage environment maintenance is afterwards 20 ~ 33 DEG C, relative moisture is not less than 80%; Meanwhile, regularly cuttage environment is carried out disinfection;
The preparation month of cuttings described in step (3) is April or September.
2. the method for hopea hainanensis semi-lignified epicormic branch cutting according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Hopea hainanensis select tree described in step (1) is the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground is not less than 30cm, the height of tree is not less than 15m health and trunk leads to straight wild-type tree;
Excellent seedling described in step (1) is 2 years raw seedling that leading thread is not less than 0.6cm, height of seedling is not less than 60cm.
3. the method for hopea hainanensis semi-lignified epicormic branch cutting according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
The spray of to be footpath, lower end the be 0.22 ~ 0.30cm of the semi-lignified spray described in step (1).
4. the method for hopea hainanensis semi-lignified epicormic branch cutting according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Mixed-matrix described in step (2) is placed on 50 cave seedling dishes of long 540mm, wide 280mm, dark 110mm specification, first 2 days of cuttage by mass percent be 0.3% liquor potassic permanganate pouring carried out to mixed-matrix fill with sterilization, to drench, mixed-matrix is as the criterion.
5. the method for hopea hainanensis semi-lignified epicormic branch cutting according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Semi-lignified spray described in step (3) is used for making the part that the privileged site of cuttings is distance semi-lignified spray top 3 ~ 18cm.
6. the method for hopea hainanensis semi-lignified epicormic branch cutting according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Cleaning way described in step (3) soaks 2 ~ 3 hours for putting into distilled water;
Disinfection way described in step (3) be by mass percent be 0.1% disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate 1 ~ 2min, cleaner with distilled water flushing;
Plant growth regulator treatment liquid described in step (3) is indolebutyric acid solution;
The time of described in step (3), cuttings bottom being put into the plant growth regulator treatment liquid prepared is quickly dipped 10 ~ 15s;
Cuttage mode described in step (3) is straight cutting method.
7. the method for hopea hainanensis semi-lignified epicormic branch cutting according to claim 6, is characterized in that:
The concentration of described indolebutyric acid solution is 1500 ~ 2000mgL
-1.
8. the method for hopea hainanensis semi-lignified epicormic branch cutting according to claim 6, is characterized in that:
Cuttage mode described in step (3) is first in matrix, make a call to one by bamboo cane before cuttage to guide hole, and the degree of depth is 3 ~ 4cm, is more upwards vertically inserted in plug media ecological for cuttings upper end, every cave cuttage 1 strain cuttings.
9. the method for hopea hainanensis semi-lignified epicormic branch cutting according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
The regular concrete grammar that cuttage environment is carried out disinfection described in step (4) be sprayed respectively every 2 ~ 3 days mass percent be 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate and 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 500 times of liquid carry out alternately sterilization; After 20 days, still by the alternately sterilization of this concentration, 7 days 1 time.
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| CN106900475A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-06-30 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | A kind of cottage method of sinojackia xylocarpa |
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