CN103704633B - 一种杨桃多酚的提取方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种杨桃多酚的提取方法，包括：1)原料预处理：清洗、去籽、切碎和打浆；2)加入浸提溶剂：按一定的料液比加入体积分数为40％～80％的乙醇溶液与浆液混合；3)水浴提取：将混合浆液置于40℃～60℃的恒温水浴箱中浸提0.5～1.2小时；4)过滤；5)离心；6)旋转蒸发：将离心后的滤液用旋转蒸发仪进行浓缩，除去溶剂，得到多酚粗提液。从杨桃中提取天然多酚物质，能够对杨桃进行综合利用提高产品附加值，进一步延长杨桃产业链，具有广阔的市场前景。
Description
技术领域：
本发明涉及一种多酚的提取方法，尤其涉及一种杨桃多酚的提取方法。
背景技术：
植物多酚是一类广泛存在于植物体内的多元酚化合物，主要包括原花青素、儿茶素、表儿茶素、绿原酸、根皮苷、槲皮素等。广泛存在于蔬菜、水果、豆类谷物类茶等。植物中多酚的独特结构赋予了它一些列独特的化学性质其具有抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗动脉硬化、防治冠心病与中风等心脑血管疾病以及抗菌等多种生理功能。是一种天然的抗氧化剂和功能性食品基料。植物多酚在食品工业中，常被用作天然的食品添加剂，有目的地改善食品质量目前食品生产工艺目前，在食品工业中应用较多的植物多酚主要是从茶叶、葡萄、柿子、苹果等植物的叶片果实果皮或果渣中提取得到的多酚物质植物多酚在食品工业中主要用作抗氧化剂、防腐剂、澄清剂等。
杨桃学名五敛子，又名“羊桃”、“阳桃”，是醡浆草科，属于热带果树，含有多种营养成分。杨桃能减少机体对脂肪的吸收，有降低血脂、胆固醇的作用，对高血压、动脉硬化等心血管疾病有预防作用。同时还可保护肝脏，降低血糖。杨桃中糖类、维生素C及有机酸含量丰富，且果汁充沛，能迅速补充人体的水分，生津止渴，并使体内的热或酒毒随小便排出体外，消除疲劳感。杨桃果汁中含有大量草酸、柠檬酸、苹果酸等，能提高胃液的酸度，促进食物的消化。杨桃含有大量的挥发性成分、胡萝卜素类化合物、糖类、有机酸及维生素B、C等，可消除咽喉炎症及口腔溃疡，防治风火牙痛。杨桃还是一种富含大量多酚的水果，具有抗肿瘤、抗氧化和抗动脉硬化等多种生理功能。有较高的的营养价值和保健功能。目前，国内外有许多研究者研究了各种植物多酚，如：苹果多酚、茶多酚、葡多酚、柑橘多酚等，但关于杨桃多酚的研究尚未见报道。所以，从杨桃中提取天然多酚物质，能够对杨桃进行综合利用，提高产品附加值，进一步延长杨桃产业链，具有广阔的市场前景。
目前，有文献报道提取杨桃多酚的方法，因杨桃多酚易氧化，杨桃中含有的杨桃多酚氧化酶及在提取制备过程中的金属离子、氧化性较强的物质均易使杨桃多酚氧化，致使提取出的杨桃多酚纯厦不高。
发明内容：
为此，本发明的目的在于提供一种杨桃多酚的提取方法。
为此，本发明提供了一种杨桃多酚的提取方法，包括以下步骤：
1)原料预处理：将杨桃洗净、去籽、切碎后放入打浆机进行打浆，得到浆液，加入20％-30％浆液体积的3-5mmol/L的抗坏血酸，搅拌，静置30分钟；
2)加入浸提溶剂：按一定的料液比加入体积分数为40％～80％的乙醇溶液与浆液混合；
3)水浴提取：将混合浆液置于40℃～60℃的恒温水浴箱中浸提0.5～1.2小时；
4)过滤：用纱布将混合浆液过滤，得到过滤液，加入20％-30％滤液体积的0.2-0.5mmol/L的抗坏血酸溶液，及1％一5％滤液体积0.1-0.2mmol/L乙二胺四乙酸二钠溶液；
5)离心：将过滤液置于离心管中放入离心机进行离心；
6)旋转蒸发：将离心后的滤液用旋转蒸发仪进行浓缩，除去溶剂，得到多酚粗提液。
申请人经大量实验发现加入20％-30％浆液体积的3-5mmol/L的抗坏血酸，可以抑制杨桃多酚氧化酶的活性，抗坏血酸的酸性亦可以保护杨桃多酚的弱酸性而不使其被中和，得到过滤液后，加入20％-30％滤液体积的0.2-0.5mmol/L的抗坏血酸，加入20％-30％滤液体积的0.2-0.5mmol/L的抗坏血酸溶液，及1％-5％滤液体积0.1-0.2mmol/L乙二胺四乙酸二钠溶液，使滤液保持弱酸性，并利用抗坏血酸的还原性保护杨桃多酚不被氧化；乙二胺四乙酸二钠螯合滤液中的金属离子，保护杨桃多酚不被氧化分解。
优选的是，所述的一种杨桃多酚的提取方法，其特征在于，所述的加入浸提溶剂中的料液比可以是1∶2、1∶3和1∶4，其中物料比为1∶2时多酚类物质提取量最佳。
优选的是，所述的一种杨桃多酚的提取方法，其特征在于，所述的加入浸提溶剂中的乙醇溶液的体积分数为60％时，提取杨桃果肉中多酚的含量最高。
优选的是，所述的一种杨桃多酚的提取方法，其特征在于，所述的水浴提取中的最佳温度和事件分别是50℃和1.0小时。
本发明从杨桃中提取天然多酚物质，能够对杨桃进行综合利用，提高产品附加值，进一步延长杨桃产业链，具有广阔的市场前景。
具体实施方式：
下面对本发明做进一步的详细说明，以令本领域技术人员参照说明书文字能够据以实施。
实施例1、一种杨桃多酚的提取方法，包括如下步骤：
1)原料预处理：将杨桃洗净、去籽、切碎后放入打浆机进行打浆，得到浆液，加入21％浆液体积的4.6mmol/L的抗坏血酸，搅拌，静置30分钟；
2)加入浸提溶剂：按料液比为1∶4加入体积分数为80％的乙醇溶液与浆液混合；
3)水浴提取：将混合浆液置于60℃的恒温水浴箱中浸提0.5小时；
4)过滤：用纱布将混合浆液过滤，得到过滤液，加入30％滤液体积的0.2mmol/L的抗坏血酸溶液，及1％滤液体积0.2mmol/L乙二胺四乙酸二钠溶液；
5)离心：将过滤液置于离心管中放入离心机进行离心；
6)旋转蒸发：将离心后的滤液用旋转蒸发仪进行浓缩，除去溶剂，得到多酚粗提液。
实施例2、一种杨桃多酚的提取方法，包括如下步骤：
1)原料预处理：将杨桃洗净、去籽、切碎后放入打浆机进行打浆，得到浆液，加入30％浆液体积的3mmol/L的抗坏血酸，搅拌，静置30分钟；
2)加入浸提溶剂：按料液比为1∶3加入体积分数为40％的乙醇溶液与浆液混合；
3)水浴提取：将混合浆液置于40℃的恒温水浴箱中浸提1.2小时；
4)过滤：用纱布将混合浆液过滤，得到过滤液，加入20％滤液体积的0.5mmol/L的抗坏血酸溶液，及5％滤液体积0.1mmol/L乙二胺四乙酸二钠溶液；
5)离心：将过滤液置于离心管中放入离心机进行离心；
6)旋转蒸发：将离心后的滤液用旋转蒸发仪进行浓缩，除去溶剂，得到多酚粗提液。
实施例3、一种杨桃多酚的提取方法，包括如下步骤：
1)原料预处理：将杨桃洗净、去籽、切碎后放入打浆机进行打浆，得到浆液，加入25％浆液体积的4mmol/L的抗坏血酸，搅拌，静置30分钟；
2)加入浸提溶剂：按料液比为1∶2加入体积分数为60％的乙醇溶液与浆液混合；
3)水浴提取：将混合浆液置于50℃的恒温水浴箱中浸提1.0小时；
4)过滤：用纱布将混合浆液过滤，得到过滤液，加入25％滤液体积的0.35mmol/L的抗坏血酸溶液，及4％滤液体积0.1mmol/L乙二胺四乙酸二钠溶液；
5)离心：将过滤液置于离心管中放入离心机进行离心；
6)旋转蒸发：将离心后的滤液用旋转蒸发仪进行浓缩，除去溶剂，得到多酚粗提液。
依照本发明的杨桃多酚的提取量与现有技术比较如下：
通过以上实验，依照本发明的提取方法，杨桃多酚的提取量显著高于现有技术的提取方法。
尽管本发明的实施方案已公开如上，但其并不仅仅限于说明书和实施方式中所列运用，它完全可以适用于各种适合本发明的领域，对于熟悉本领域的人员而言，可容易地实现另外的修改，因此在不背离权利要求及等同范围所限定的一般概念下，本发明并不限于特定的细节和这里示出与描述的实例。
Claims (2)
1.一种杨桃多酚的提取方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
1)原料预处理：将杨桃洗净、去籽、切碎后放入打浆机进行打浆，得到浆液，加入20％-30％浆液体积的3-5mmol/L的抗坏血酸，搅拌，静置30分钟；
2)加入浸提溶剂：按一定的料液比加入体积分数为40％～80％的乙醇溶液与浆液混合；
3)水浴提取：将混合浆液置于40℃～60℃的恒温水浴箱中浸提0.5～1.2小时；
4)过滤：用纱布将混合浆液过滤，得到过滤液，加入20％-30％滤液体积的0.2-0.5mmol/L的抗坏血酸溶液，及1％－5％滤液体积0.1-0.2mmol/L乙二胺四乙酸二钠溶液；
5)离心：将过滤液置于离心管中放入离心机进行离心；
6)旋转蒸发：将离心后的滤液用旋转蒸发仪进行浓缩，除去溶剂，得到多酚粗提液；
所述的加入浸提溶剂中的料液比是1:2，所述的加入浸提溶剂中的乙醇溶液的体积分数为60％时，提取杨桃果肉中多酚的含量最高。
2.如权利要求1所述的杨桃多酚的提取方法，其特征在于，所述的水浴提取中的最佳温度和时间分别是50℃和1.0小时。
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| 维生素C对苹果多酚氧化酶活力的影响;吴士云，等;《安徽技术师范学院学报》;20031231;第17卷(第2期);第149-152页 * |
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