CN103703956B - Slope maintenance method - Google Patents
Slope maintenance method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103703956B CN103703956B CN201210375381.2A CN201210375381A CN103703956B CN 103703956 B CN103703956 B CN 103703956B CN 201210375381 A CN201210375381 A CN 201210375381A CN 103703956 B CN103703956 B CN 103703956B
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- slope
- side slope
- watering
- maintenance
- seedling stage
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Abstract
The invention relates to a slope maintenance method. The slope maintenance method comprises the following steps of (1) fixing non-woven fabrics on a slope sown with seeds, and performing watering maintenance on the slope; wetting soil with the depth of 12-18cm during maintenance for the first time; keeping a surface layer, with the depth of 6-7cm, of the soil moist after 18-20 days; and removing the non-woven fabrics when the heights of vegetations on the surface of the slope are 5-10cm, watering the vegetations three times every week, wetting the soil with the depth of 1-2cm every time, and guaranteeing that the total watering time is not less than 30 days; (2) performing topdressing according to N:P:K=1-2.5:0.5-1.5:15-20g/m(2) during seedling stage of the vegetations on the slope, and performing topdressing according to N:P:K=8-12:6-8:4-6g/m(2) after seedling; and (3) spraying broad-spectrum agents during seedling stage of the vegetations on the slope. By using the slope maintenance method, field experiences are combined with experiments; a feasible solution is provided for solving the problem that later maintenance is difficult in a slope spraying technology; and the slope maintenance method facilitates greening of the domestic slope engineering.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of highway maintenance technology, particularly, relate to a kind of maintenance process of side slope.
Background technology
That administers geological hazard control, dangerous slopes along with country puts more effort, the requirement of the mankind to living environment improves constantly, although there is potential safety hazard side slope in some controls slope stability after improvement, but vegetation can be seriously damaged, rock, soil can be exposed in a large number, formation strong visual pollutes, inharmonious mutually to the requirement of environment with the mankind.Present spraying and seeding afforesting technology has become the conventional means of slope ecological recovery.Compare with greening scheme in the past, cannot fixing soil and vegetation on exposed rock, the vegetation planted in the soil layer after cutting slope is also not easy to survive due to the destruction of nutrition and environment.So use now bulkhead tech of sowing grass seeds by duster to carry out domatic cleaning, spraying and sowing plant growth, plantation shrub, finally reach stability of slope, slope vegetation and surrounding enviroment combine together, eliminate visual pollution, the object of improving the ecological environment.
It is vital for after plant is sowed grass seeds by duster, germinateing at grass seeds, becoming level ground phase and nursery stock to recover the maintenance work of phase of taking root.The maintenance in early stage of side slope vegetation, the requirement having it special compared with general Lawn, therefore will pay attention to especially.Especially the maintenance in early stage after the construction of heat and drought condition area is unusual the key link, more well-organized, strict operation.But a lot of unit in charge of construction is not take much count of this problem, basic reason for cost consideration: (1), in the place of high slope or lack of water, water seasoning is more difficult, and because side slope is high, water pump is difficult to pump to the height needed; (2) draw water cost very large at a distance; (3) a lot of unit in charge of construction thinks that grass is longer, and just finished the work, what major issue maintenance is not, thinks little of yet.A lot of spraying and seeding afforesting engineering is constructed very successful early stage in fact, but due to late maintaining bad and make careless seedling withered, finally cause spraying and seeding afforesting failure.
Therefore, if based on the actual field experience of spray seeding technique, questions and prospect during analysis and summary spraying and seeding afforesting, provides a kind of side slope maintenance process, is specifically related to economic side slope and sows grass seeds by duster final-period management method, certainly will have comparatively wide application prospect.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of maintenance process of side slope, the method is from the research of field experience Binding experiment, and the difficult problem of the late maintaining for side slope spray seeding technique proposes feasible solution.
The maintenance process of side slope provided by the invention, comprises the following steps:
1) water: on the side slope level ground bed just sowed, fixing non-woven fabrics, watering maintenance; First during maintenance, soil is soaked to 12 ~ 18cm dark; After this, after 18 ~ 20 days, upper soll layer 6 ~ 7cm keeps moistening; When side slope surface vegetation grows to 5 ~ 10cm height, remove non-woven fabrics, water weekly 3 times, at every turn by wetting for soil 1 ~ 2cm, watering time is no less than 30 days altogether;
2) apply fertilizer: during vegetation seedling stage in side slope, according to N:P:K=1 ~ 2.5:0.5 ~ 1.5:15 ~ 20g/m
2amount topdress, the topdressing amount in preferred seedling stage is N:P:K=1.5:1:16g/m
2; According to N:P:K=8 ~ 12:6 ~ 8:4 ~ 6g/m after seedling
2amount topdress, the topdressing amount after preferred seedling is N:P:K=10:7:5g/m
2;
3) prevention and elimination of disease and pests: during vegetation seedling stage in side slope, sow broad-spectrum agents.
The maintenance process of side slope of the present invention, also comprises and reseeding: after seed sprouting, carries out complementary seeding to sparse without vegetative coverage region.
Wherein, the time of watering sooner or later to carry out as good, each 1 time sooner or later, i.e. early 6 ~ 8 points, evening 17 ~ 18 points.
Wherein, hot-dry season, increase by 2 ~ 3 times of watering every day.
Wherein, the mode of watering adopts the mode that artificial water spray and sprinkling irrigation maintenance combine.
Wherein, hydraulic pressure when watering is: 1.6 ~ 2 atmospheric pressure.
Wherein, during vegetation seedling stage in side slope, the cycle of topdressing is first quarter moon 1 time.
Wherein, time after the vegetation seedling in side slope, the cycle of topdressing is March 1 time.
Wherein, described broad-spectrum agents comprises wide-spectrum bactericide and wide spectrum systemic insecticide, is specially: wide-spectrum bactericide is mancozeb, and wide spectrum systemic insecticide is malathion.
Wherein, during vegetation seedling stage in side slope, broad-spectrum agents is sowed 1 ~ 2 time.
Wherein, in the process of prevention and elimination of disease and pests, if Miao Houruo finds damage by disease and insect, early control early should be found.
Wherein, reseed and rear liquid manure is supplemented to vegetation seed, be specially superphosphate 30g/m
2.
Domestic current technical merit and weather conditions two aspect factor all determine to be needed to carry out maintenance to seedling of sowing grass seeds by duster.Select the Shrub Species and the grass seeds that are applicable to the management of local climate, soil condition and highway extensive style, after Cheng Ping, easy maintenance management; After having constructed, the control of to the effect that fertile by water, execute (chasing after), the damage by disease and insect of maintenance work with the work such as to reseed, make plant be in healthy growth conditions all the time.
Key problem in technology point of the present invention:
1, irrigation times on a small quantity repeatedly, should control hydraulic pressure, can not form runoff on domatic; Avoid the high temperature at noon in summer, sooner or later carry out irrigation operation.
2, fertilising suit measures to local conditions, should detect the soil fertility of locality, accomplish scarce what what is mended.
3, the extermination of disease and insect pest accomplishes putting prevention first and combining prevention with control, controls within the specific limits before damage by disease and insect spreads apart.
4, reseed and should supplement liquid manure in time to plant seed afterwards, promote to sprout.
The present invention has following useful technique effect:
1, economic benefit
Traditional project protection up-front investment is many, cost is high, and (cost is 150 yuan/m
2), quantities large (construction period 6 months), administering area, little (monomer is 10 ~ 15m
2), the later stage needs long-term input human and material resources and financial resources to carry out maintenance maintenance.And little, the instant effect of maintenance investment of sowing grass seeds by duster of the present invention, effective, late maintaining workload is little, does not just need to carry out maintenance work after Cheng Ping, can save a large sum of manpower financial capacity undoubtedly.
2, social benefit
Maintenance of sowing grass seeds by duster of the present invention can recover the natural vegetation of roadside, the conservation of nature ecological balance, the temperature and humidity of environmental protect.Meanwhile, can absorb and the tail gas of motor vehicle emission and the dust of generation in fixed air, reach the object purified air; Can also absorb and weaken driving noise, reduce the impact of driving on surrounding environment, alleviate solar radiation and beautify environment on the way, to pedestrian with comfortable sensation, be beneficial to traffic safety, there is significant social benefit.
In a word, the present invention studies from field experience Binding experiment, and the difficult problem of the late maintaining for side slope spray seeding technique proposes feasible solution, plays help, have very high economic benefit and social benefit to the greening of domestic slope project.
Embodiment
Following examples for illustration of the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
The routine that the concrete operations condition that the present invention does not write exactly is this area is selected.
Material used is the conventional material that those skilled in the art can buy from the market.
The seedling stage of plant of the present invention (vegetation) refers to: from being seeded into, covering earth's surface 6 ~ 8cm is high; Refer to after seedling stage after seedling.
1, water: side slope is due to special landforms, and the sunshine time is long, moisture evaporation is fast, therefore waters and seems particularly important.
(1) on the side slope level ground bed of new sowing plant, after non-woven fabrics is fixing, maintenance of should sprinkling water in time.First during maintenance, should make water fogging, make ground moistening dark to 15cm.After this period of time (after 20 days), upper soll layer 6 ~ 7cm must keep moistening, because chitting piece root system is shallow, need often to supply moisture, should adhere on a small quantity repeatedly, watering number of times is depending on local climate and vegetation growth status, to keep domatic moistening, do not affect vegetation growth for degree.The time that maintenance is watered, sooner or later to carry out as good, is avoided carrying out wet curing under strong sunlight, in order to avoid seedling leaves of burning as far as possible.
(2) when domatic grass grows to 5 ~ 10cm height, remove the bamboo nail of non-woven fabrics and fixing non-woven fabrics, still adhere to 3 times weekly, each watering sooner or later, the time is no less than 30 days.Hot-dry season, seed young shoot and seedling are easily burned due to ground high temperature, should increase by 2 ~ 3 water sprays every day.Water moistening 1 ~ 2cm at every turn.Should inspect building site every day in this period keeps hypothallus moistening, makes it enter growth animated period smoothly.
The way that the mode of watering adopts artificial water spray and sprinkling irrigation maintenance to combine, suits measures to local conditions according to actual conditions.Artificial water spray should adopt spraying nozzle to move sprinkling, controls shower nozzle and domatic Distance geometry translational speed well, water is nebulized moistening domatic equably, ensures to impact domatic formation runoff without curing water, stops maintenance blind area.Construction latter about 1 month its seed of generally sowing grass seeds by duster can basically form stable slope vegetation, and therefore early stage continues curing time is 25 ~ 45 days.After careless seedling becomes level ground, seedling growth normally, (after about 3 months) reduce irrigation times gradually, temper the adaptive capacity of plant.But especially regularly to nurse it depending on weather condition in dry season in 1 year, progressively enter self-sow state.
2, apply fertilizer: because the land occupation condition of side slope is harsh, preserve moisture and fertility ability is poor, fertilising just seems particularly important to the growth of slope plant, but in order to the state enabling each Plants reach balanced growth, interspecies competition is normal, finally reach slope plant diversity group, suitably must adjust fertilization type (being specially Common compound fertilizer) and fertilizing amount (is specially 10 ~ 20g/m
2), get hold of fertilising season (being specially spring, Qiu Liangji) and fertilization time (being specially May and October), the fertile relation between supply and demand between plant of Reasonable adjustment.Plant fertilizer deficiency just there will be undergrowth, and cauline leaf turns to be yellow rubescent sclerosis, damages attractive in appearance.In order to make side slope vegetation grow prolifically, reaching real biological protection effect, must use sufficient fertilizer, fertilizing amount is determined according to the situation of growing of vegetation and soil regime.Topdress based on foliage fertilizer (being specially common commercially available foliage fertilizer) and quick-acting fertilizer (being specially Common compound fertilizer).Topdress and should adopt a small amount of principle repeatedly, with unburned seedling.General in seedling stage according to N:P:K 1.5:1:16g/m
2amount supplement, the cycle of topdressing is first quarter moon 1 time.Then supplement depot fertilizer after seedling, mainly (be specially common commercially available chicken manure fertile) based on fertilizer, topdressing amount is N:P:K=10:7:5g/m
2, the cycle of topdressing is March 1 time.
3, prevention and elimination of disease and pests: side slope vegetation generally selects the plant variety of the ability of stronger insect pest, disease, but easily cause inside plants physiological function or external form to change when high temperature, high humidity and nutrient are not enough, what cause plant local or most of area decays until dead, have impact on the performance of biological sand-control system effect, thus effectively must prevent and treat Diseases of Turfgrass by several single or comprehensive method, reach the order ground of prevention and elimination of disease and pests mainly through chemical control.Carry out damage by disease and insect detection, Timeliness coverage, prevent and treat in time.Seedling stage regularly should spill broad-spectrum agents, in time the generation of the various damage by disease and insect of prevention.Conscientiously to do plant protection inspection after seedling well, Timeliness coverage prevention and elimination of disease and pests, accomplish early to find early control, guarantee the healthy normal growth of slope plant.
4, reseed: after seed sprouting, after-culture should be carried out to sparse without the area of coverage in time.Carry out general census work after seedling, after-culture be should give in the position for obvious bald spot.
Embodiment
After certain high speed side slope spraying and seeding afforesting of the north, the maintenance measure taked following (content in conjunction with above-mentioned embodiment):
1, water: before plant seed is emerged, every day is (early 7 points, late 5 thirty) respectively water 1 time (hydraulic pressure when watering is 1.8 atmospheric pressure) sooner or later.Plant seed can reduce irrigation times after emerging gradually.When growing to 5 ~ 6cm or 2 ~ 3 leaf to careless seedling, take non-woven fabrics off; Routine Management is proceeded to after slope plant Cheng Ping.
2, apply fertilizer: topdress when the plants such as side slope lawn grow to 4 ~ 5 leaf, based on the commercially available composite fertilizer of high-quality, each 10g/m
2left and right.
, especially easily there is brown spot, rot index at high temperature season in 3, diseases and pests controlling: during the plant seedlings such as lawn, should prevent and treat with wide-spectrum bactericide (be specially: mancozeb, spill once) in time; Find that insect pest then uses wide spectrum systemic insecticide (be specially: malathion, spill once) to prevent and treat immediately.
4, reseed and rear liquid manure superphosphate 30g/m is supplemented to plant seed
2.
Method therefor cost of the present invention is 12.5 yuan/m
2, can slope controlling area, total construction period is 2 months.
Although above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments, on basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, all belong to the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (11)
1. a maintenance process for side slope, comprises the following steps:
1) water: in the side slope sowed, fixing non-woven fabrics, watering maintenance; First during maintenance, soil is soaked to 12 ~ 18cm dark; After 18 ~ 20 days, upper soll layer 6 ~ 7cm keeps moistening; When side slope surface vegetation grows to 5 ~ 10cm height, remove non-woven fabrics, water weekly 3 days, that day of watering all sprinkles water sooner or later, and watering time is no less than 30 days altogether;
2) apply fertilizer: during vegetation seedling stage in side slope, according to N:P:K=1 ~ 2.5:0.5 ~ 1.5:15 ~ 20g/m
2amount topdress, according to N:P:K=8 ~ 12:6 ~ 8:4 ~ 6g/m after seedling stage
2amount topdress;
3) prevention and elimination of disease and pests: during vegetation seedling stage in side slope, sow broad-spectrum agents.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, during vegetation seedling stage in side slope, according to N:P:K=1.5:1:16g/m
2amount topdress, according to N:P:K=10:7:5g/m after seedling stage
2amount topdress.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the method also comprises reseeds: the vegetation seed in side slope carries out complementary seeding to sparse without vegetative coverage region after germinateing.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, sooner or later respectively waters 1 water.
5. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, hot-dry season, increase by 2 ~ 3 times of watering every day.
6. the method according to claim 4 or 5, is characterized in that, the mode adopting artificial water spray and sprinkling irrigation maintenance to combine of watering.
7. the method according to claim 4 or 5, is characterized in that, hydraulic pressure when watering is: 1.6 ~ 2 atmospheric pressure.
8. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, hydraulic pressure when watering is: 1.6 ~ 2 atmospheric pressure.
9. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, during vegetation seedling stage in side slope, the cycle of topdressing is first quarter moon 1 time; Time after vegetation seedling stage in side slope, the cycle of topdressing is March 1 time.
10. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described broad-spectrum agents comprises wide-spectrum bactericide mancozeb and wide spectrum systemic insecticide malathion.
11. methods according to claim 3, is characterized in that, reseed to supplement liquid manure superphosphate 30g/m to vegetation seed afterwards
2.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210375381.2A CN103703956B (en) | 2012-09-29 | 2012-09-29 | Slope maintenance method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210375381.2A CN103703956B (en) | 2012-09-29 | 2012-09-29 | Slope maintenance method |
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| CN103703956A CN103703956A (en) | 2014-04-09 |
| CN103703956B true CN103703956B (en) | 2015-06-17 |
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| CN201210375381.2A Expired - Fee Related CN103703956B (en) | 2012-09-29 | 2012-09-29 | Slope maintenance method |
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| CN109392348A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-03-01 | 杨龙斌 | A method of reducing soil secondary salinization |
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| CN101666096A (en) * | 2009-09-15 | 2010-03-10 | 中山大学 | Ecological protection method of expressway side slope |
| CN102396329A (en) * | 2010-09-08 | 2012-04-04 | 北京林大林业科技股份有限公司 | Wild flower combined sowing and caring method |
| CN102422761A (en) * | 2011-08-16 | 2012-04-25 | 中国科学院武汉植物园 | Method for planting sedum lineare on slope |
| CN102630442A (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2012-08-15 | 宜春市林业科学研究所 | Method for artificially greening bare hills |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100284505B1 (en) * | 1998-09-17 | 2001-03-15 | 김용각 | Composition for planting grass to protect a slope and method for constructing a greenzone using same |
| JP3452185B2 (en) * | 1999-02-19 | 2003-09-29 | 日本植生株式会社 | Vegetation method |
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- 2012-09-29 CN CN201210375381.2A patent/CN103703956B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101666096A (en) * | 2009-09-15 | 2010-03-10 | 中山大学 | Ecological protection method of expressway side slope |
| CN102396329A (en) * | 2010-09-08 | 2012-04-04 | 北京林大林业科技股份有限公司 | Wild flower combined sowing and caring method |
| CN102422761A (en) * | 2011-08-16 | 2012-04-25 | 中国科学院武汉植物园 | Method for planting sedum lineare on slope |
| CN102630442A (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2012-08-15 | 宜春市林业科学研究所 | Method for artificially greening bare hills |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
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| 公路边坡绿化植物的选择与营建管理;何誉;《科技信息》;20070601(第16期);第248和256页 * |
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| 高速公路边坡防护体系的建植养护;田宏等;《草业科学》;20050815;第22卷(第8期);第76-78页 * |
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