CN103641612B - Method for manufacturing Tricholoma lobayense Heim culture material from sunflower byproducts - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing Tricholoma lobayense Heim culture material from sunflower byproducts Download PDFInfo
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- CN103641612B CN103641612B CN201310645393.7A CN201310645393A CN103641612B CN 103641612 B CN103641612 B CN 103641612B CN 201310645393 A CN201310645393 A CN 201310645393A CN 103641612 B CN103641612 B CN 103641612B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention relates to a Tricholoma lobayense Heim culture material which is characterized in that sunflower byproducts, including sunflower heads, sunflower straws, sunflower seed husks and sunflower seed cakes, are used as main raw materials; cottonseed hull, lime powder, gypsum powder, calcium superphosphate and the like are used as auxiliary materials; and the water content of the culture material is 63-65%. The invention also relates to a manufacturing method of the culture material. The method has the following advantages: the fine and rough raw materials are proportioned reasonably, so that the culture material has favorable air permeability and high water retention property, and the Tricholoma lobayense Heim hypha can grow vigorously; the culture material has the advantages of balanced nutrition, good growth vigor of Tricholoma lobayense Heim and high yield, and the biological efficiency is up to 112.4-120.3%; and the method provides a solution for innocent treatment of sunflower heads, sunflower straws and sunflower seed husks, and finds out a new substrate for culturing Tricholoma lobayense Heim.
Description
Technical field
The present invention utilizes Sunflower Receptacle by product-Receptaculum Helianthi, Sunflower Stalk, sunflower seed shell and sunflower seeds grouts to make Tricholoma lobayense Heim culture material, comprises the compatibility of planting material, and the making method of this planting material, belongs to fungus growing technique field.
Background technology
T.lobayense Heim has another name called Tricholoma lobayense, large spoken parts in traditional operas mushroom, is a kind of high-quality edible mushroom be in exploitation.Its sporophore is grown thickly, and just, bacterial context is plump, and taste is micro-sweet and delicious, have obvious mushroom fragrance, and storage tolerance is good for mushroom body circle, is described as taste matter and holds concurrently outstanding person in excellent mushroom.
T.lobayense Heim belongs to middle and high warm type mushroom, and be suitable for cultivating between summer to autumn, have the advantage of supplementary slack season, its economic worth is very high, thus has market development prospect.
At present for raw material mainly cotton seed hulls, the weed tree sawdust etc. of cultivating tricholoma lobayense.But nowadays, " bacterium-Lin " contradiction, cotton seed hulls class cost of material continuous rise, T.lobayense Heim produces the problem facing shortage of raw materials and production cost rising, and therefore each production unit all attaches great importance to looking for cheap and good-quality alternative materials.
Sunflower Receptacle, composite family annual herb plant, has another name called sunflower, turns day lotus, originate in the west and south of North America, imports the history that China has more than 400 year into.As a kind of important oil resource, its output is only second to soybean in the world.Also comparatively extensive in China's Sunflower Receptacle cultivation, be mainly distributed in northeast, northwest and North China, current cultivated area about 960,000 hm
2, sunflower seeds annual production is close to 2,000,000 t.
As Sunflower Receptacle big producing country, China has achieved the suitability for industrialized production of sunflower seed oil extraction to the utilization of Sunflower Receptacle.Sunflower Receptacle is except sunflower seeds is edible and except oil expression, the comprehensive utilization of its by product Receptaculum Helianthi (sloughing the sunflower plate of sunflower seeds), Sunflower Stalk, sunflower seed shell (certain herbaceous plants with big flowers shell) and sunflower seeds grouts also has large quantifier elimination, but utilization ratio is still very low so far.
Sunflower Receptacle Receptaculum Helianthi output is about as much as 50% of seed production, and China is annual about produces 1,000,000 t Receptaculum Helianthi, and current Application way has fermentation and biogas production, also field and fodder process three major types, but major part is still incinerated, and causes the significant wastage of resource; Certain herbaceous plants with big flowers shell output is about as much as 35% of seed production, about has 700,000 t every year, these certain herbaceous plants with big flowers shells, and most of processing enterprise it can be used as waste to process, and both increases production cost, again contaminate environment; Sunflower Stalk is upright, and sturdy, biomass is high, and all the time, a large amount of Sunflower Stalk is burned all in the fields, and crop straw burning is serious environment pollution not only, brings potential safety hazard more can to traffic, civil aviaton etc.
According to surveying and determination: Sunflower Receptacle Receptaculum Helianthi powder contains crude protein 15.82%, crude fat 5.59%, crude fibre 16.10%-23.5%, nitrogen-free extract 42.10%, also containing calcium 1.41%, phosphorus 0.51%; Sunflower Stalk contains crude protein 4.9%, robust fibre 45.6%-54.04%, nitrogen-free extract 35.7%; Certain herbaceous plants with big flowers shell contains crude protein 5.4%-5.5%, crude fat 1.6%, crude fibre 47.4%-51.1%, also containing trace elements such as zinc 0.045%, magnesium 0.23%, calcium 0.35%-0.44%, phosphorus 0.08%-0.10%; By product when sunflower seeds grouts are sunflower seeds liquefactions, its protein content reaches 38%-42%, Methionin 1.0%-1.2%, and methionine(Met) 0.6%-0.7%, nutritive value is higher.These components above, to grow carbon source, the nitrogenous source providing required for T.lobayense Heim.
In today that edible mushrooms Main Cultivation raw material (cotton seed hulls, wood chip) is increasingly short, if the by product Receptaculum Helianthi of Sunflower Receptacle, Sunflower Stalk, these waste wood matter substitution of resources woods material cultivating tricholoma lobayenses of sunflower seed shell, that is not only an Edible Fungi falls this behave, but also is a circular agriculture and environmental protection cause behave.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has following two aspects:
1, a kind of Tricholoma lobayense Heim culture material compatibility that is main raw material with Sunflower Receptacle Receptaculum Helianthi, Sunflower Stalk, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers shell and sunflower seeds grouts
2, the making method of planting material
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of Tricholoma lobayense Heim culture material compatibility, has following component and quality proportioning: Receptaculum Helianthi bits 18%-22%, Sunflower Stalk bits 21%-27%, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers shell pieces 25%-35%, cotton seed hulls 18%, sunflower seeds grouts 5%, calcium superphosphate 1%, lime powder 1%, terra alba 1%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%.
Receptaculum Helianthi is considered to be worth doing: the particle drying, be ground into particle diameter 2mm-3mm.
Sunflower Stalk is considered to be worth doing: the particle drying, be ground into particle diameter 3mm-4mm.
Certain herbaceous plants with big flowers shell pieces: the fine platy particle drying, be ground into particle diameter 3mm-4mm.
Calcium superphosphate: be water soluble quick-acting phosphate fertilizer, provides phosphorus, sulphur nutritive ingredient.
Lime powder, terra alba: the potential of hydrogen regulating, stablize planting material, increase calcium, sulphur nutritive ingredient.
The making method of planting material, comprises the steps:
1. shine material: be exposed to the sun raw material 1d-2d before spice, utilize ultraviolet to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material;
2. prewet: first Receptaculum Helianthi is considered to be worth doing, Sunflower Stalk is considered to be worth doing, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers shell pieces turns evenly in the dry state, carry out prewet (fully drenched) with 1% lime aqueous solution thereafter;
3. to bank up fermentation: wet feed is piled high 1.0m-1.2 m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the planting material of often piling controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, then on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
4. turning: turning interval time is 2,2,1 days, turning 2 times altogether, time remaining 5d, during each turning, the material on side is ploughed under heap center, add whole terra alba during first time turning, add whole cotton seed hulls, sunflower seeds grouts and calcium superphosphate during last turning, and keep the skin wet depending on the water content of windrow, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
5. pack: employing specification is 17cm × 35cm × 0.005cm polypropylene plastics pocket, and every packed wet feed 1100g-1200g, puts the collar after installing material, insert plastics stopper;
6. sterilizing, cooling: pocket is carried out normal-pressure sterilization, when kettle temperature reaches 100 DEG C (after discharge cold air), keep 10h-12h, then naturally cool to less than 25 DEG C.
After planting material access bacterial classification, plastics stopper is changed into tampon, then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, temperature controls at 27 DEG C-28 DEG C, humid control at 60%-75%, through the cultivation of 20d-22d, mycelia covers with pocket, then after-ripening 7d-10d, can enter management of producing mushroom.
The present invention for main raw material, is aided with the auxiliary materials such as cotton seed hulls, lime powder, terra alba, calcium superphosphate with the by product-Receptaculum Helianthi of Sunflower Receptacle, Sunflower Stalk, sunflower seed shell and sunflower seeds grouts, makes Tricholoma lobayense Heim culture material.Its advantage is: one is that the collocation of planting material thickness is reasonable, and bacterium material good permeability, water-retentivity are strong, and T.lobayense Heim mycelial growth is vigorous; Two is that planting material is balanced in nutrition, and T.lobayense Heim growing way is good, and output is high, and its biological efficiency reaches 112.4%-120.3%; Three be not only Receptaculum Helianthi, Sunflower Stalk, sunflower seed shell harmless treatment provide a terms of settlement, also for T.lobayense Heim cultivation have found a kind of new matrix.
Embodiment
Mode 1: in the present embodiment, Tricholoma lobayense Heim culture material comprises following component and quality proportioning: Receptaculum Helianthi bits 18%, Sunflower Stalk bits 21%, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers shell pieces 35%, cotton seed hulls 18%, sunflower seeds grouts 5%, calcium superphosphate 1%, lime powder 1%, terra alba 1%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%.
Making method:
1. shine material: be exposed to the sun raw material 2d before spice, utilize ultraviolet to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material;
2. prewet: first Receptaculum Helianthi is considered to be worth doing, Sunflower Stalk is considered to be worth doing, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers shell pieces turns evenly in the dry state, carry out prewet (fully drenched) with 1% lime aqueous solution thereafter;
3. to bank up fermentation: wet feed is piled high 1.2 m, the trapezoidal heap of wide 3m, the planting material of often piling controls at dry weight 500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, then on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 15cm, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
4. turning: turning interval time is 2,2,1 days, turning 2 times altogether, time remaining 5d, during each turning, the material on side is ploughed under heap center, add whole terra alba during first time turning, add whole cotton seed hulls, sunflower seeds grouts and calcium superphosphate during last turning, and keep the skin wet depending on the water content of windrow, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
5. pack: employing specification is 17cm × 35cm × 0.005cm polypropylene plastics pocket, and every packed wet feed 1100g-1200g, puts the collar after installing material, insert plastics stopper;
6. sterilizing, cooling: pocket is carried out normal-pressure sterilization, when kettle temperature reaches 100 DEG C (after discharge cold air), keep 10h, then naturally cool to less than 25 DEG C.
After planting material access bacterial classification, plastics stopper is changed into tampon, and then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, temperature controls at 28 DEG C, and humid control is 65%.Through the cultivation of 22d, mycelia covers with pocket, then after-ripening 8d, enters management of producing mushroom.Utilize the planting material cultivating tricholoma lobayense of the present embodiment, biological efficiency reaches 120.3%.
Mode 2: in the present embodiment, Tricholoma lobayense Heim culture material comprises following component and quality proportioning: Receptaculum Helianthi bits 20%, Sunflower Stalk bits 24%, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers shell pieces 30%, cotton seed hulls 18%, sunflower seeds grouts 5%, calcium superphosphate 1%, lime powder 1%, terra alba 1%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.Utilize the planting material cultivating tricholoma lobayense of the present embodiment, biological efficiency reaches 115.5%.
Mode 3: in the present embodiment, Tricholoma lobayense Heim culture material comprises following component and quality proportioning: Receptaculum Helianthi bits 22%, Sunflower Stalk bits 27%, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers shell pieces 25%, cotton seed hulls 18%, sunflower seeds grouts 5%, calcium superphosphate 1%, lime powder 1%, terra alba 1%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.Utilize the planting material cultivating tricholoma lobayense of the present embodiment, biological efficiency reaches 112.4%.
The T.lobayense Heim biological efficiency of table different modes planting material
Unit (%)
Claims (6)
1. a Tricholoma lobayense Heim culture material, it is characterized in that containing, for example lower component and quality proportioning: Receptaculum Helianthi bits 18%-22%, Sunflower Stalk bits 21%-27%, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers shell pieces 25%-35%, cotton seed hulls 18%, sunflower seeds grouts 5%, calcium superphosphate 1%, lime powder 1%, terra alba 1%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%; The making method of described planting material is:
1. shine material: be exposed to the sun raw material 1d-2d before spice, utilize ultraviolet to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material;
2. prewet: first Receptaculum Helianthi is considered to be worth doing, Sunflower Stalk is considered to be worth doing, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers shell pieces turns evenly in the dry state, prewet with 1% lime aqueous solution thereafter, make it fully drenched;
3. to bank up fermentation: wet feed is piled high 1.0m-1.2 m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the planting material of often piling controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, then on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
4. turning: turning interval time is 2,2,1 days, turning 2 times altogether, time remaining 5d, during each turning, the material on side is ploughed under heap center, add whole terra alba during first time turning, add whole cotton seed hulls, sunflower seeds grouts and calcium superphosphate during last turning, and keep the skin wet depending on the water content of windrow, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
5. pack: employing specification is 17cm × 35cm × 0.005cm polypropylene plastics pocket, and every packed wet feed 1100g-1200g, puts the collar after installing material, insert plastics stopper;
6. sterilizing, cooling: pocket is carried out normal-pressure sterilization, when after discharge cold air, when kettle temperature reaches 100 DEG C, keep 10h-12h, then naturally cool to less than 25 DEG C.
2. a kind of Tricholoma lobayense Heim culture material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described Receptaculum Helianthi bits be slough sunflower seeds sunflower plate, through drying the particle being ground into particle diameter 2mm-3mm.
3. a kind of Tricholoma lobayense Heim culture material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described Sunflower Stalk bits are Sunflower Receptacle stem stalks, through drying the particle being ground into particle diameter 3mm-4mm.
4. a kind of Tricholoma lobayense Heim culture material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described certain herbaceous plants with big flowers shell pieces be Sunflower Receptacle sunflower seed shell, through drying the fine platy particle being ground into particle diameter 3mm-4mm.
5. a kind of Tricholoma lobayense Heim culture material according to claim 1, is characterized in that by product when described sunflower seeds grouts are sunflower seeds liquefactions.
6. a kind of Tricholoma lobayense Heim culture material according to claim 1, after it is characterized in that made planting material access bacterial classification, plastics stopper is changed into tampon, then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, temperature controls at 27 DEG C-28 DEG C, and humid control is at 60%-75%, through the cultivation of 20d-22d, mycelia covers with pocket, then after-ripening 7d-10d, can enter management of producing mushroom.
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| CN104892255A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-09-09 | 桂林健成生物科技开发有限公司 | Application of siraitia grosvenorii fruit residues in cultivation of Tricholoma lobayense Heim |
| CN108276122A (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2018-07-13 | 桂林洁宇环保科技有限责任公司 | A kind of true pleurotus cornucopiae cultivating material made of sophora bud slag and mulberry tree branch |
| CN108276116A (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2018-07-13 | 桂林洁宇环保科技有限责任公司 | A kind of golden ear culture material made of sophora bud slag and mulberry tree branch |
| CN108276119A (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2018-07-13 | 桂林洁宇环保科技有限责任公司 | A kind of long root mushroom culture material made of sophora bud slag and mulberry tree branch |
| CN108276115A (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2018-07-13 | 桂林洁宇环保科技有限责任公司 | A kind of Tricholoma lobayense Heim culture material made of sophora bud slag and mulberry tree branch |
| CN107522544A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2017-12-29 | 广西钟山县富强雅瑶华香农业有限公司 | A kind of cloud ear special culture media made using sunflower accessory substance |
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| JP2000253746A (en) * | 1999-03-10 | 2000-09-19 | Shunichi Shibayama | Culture medium for tricholoma irinum, and artificial cultivation of tricholoma irinum |
| CN1723757A (en) * | 2004-07-20 | 2006-01-25 | 广州市微生物研究所 | Method for culturing |
| CN101570452A (en) * | 2008-04-30 | 2009-11-04 | 孙伟 | Preparation method of tricholoma lobayense cultivation material |
| CN102010253A (en) * | 2009-09-07 | 2011-04-13 | 孙伟 | Tricholoma giganteum culture material |
| CN102807430A (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2012-12-05 | 王来战 | Preparation method of Tricholoma lobayense Heim culture material |
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