CN1035425C - 可多次使用的塑料桶及其制造和改造该桶的方法 - Google Patents

可多次使用的塑料桶及其制造和改造该桶的方法 Download PDF

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CN1035425C
CN1035425C CN93121137A CN93121137A CN1035425C CN 1035425 C CN1035425 C CN 1035425C CN 93121137 A CN93121137 A CN 93121137A CN 93121137 A CN93121137 A CN 93121137A CN 1035425 C CN1035425 C CN 1035425C
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rib
lid
barrel
bucket
flange
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CN1100378A (zh
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U·许茨
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Schuetz-Werke & Co KG GmbH
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Schuetz-Werke & Co KG GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D45/00—Clamping or other pressure-applying devices for securing or retaining closure members
    • B65D45/02—Clamping or other pressure-applying devices for securing or retaining closure members for applying axial pressure to engage closure with sealing surface
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    • B29C66/542—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles joining hollow covers or hollow bottoms to open ends of container bodies
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    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/20—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror"
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    • B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
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    • B29C66/55—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles sealing elements being incorporated into the joints, e.g. gaskets
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Rigid Containers With Two Or More Constituent Elements (AREA)
  • Containers Having Bodies Formed In One Piece (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
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  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)

Abstract

在桶盖凸缘的下面与桶体凸边的上面设置有同心对置的环形凸起，热反射镜放置在凸起间压住，在加热到凸起熔融的温度后将热反射镜撤走，对桶盖加压使其与桶体通过熔融的凸起焊在一起，制成多次使用的带塞口桶。可以在一次或多次使用后将把桶盖与桶体焊在一起的焊接部切除，改造成带有简单的桶盖与夹紧环的宽颈桶，或改造成带塞口桶盖可打开的带塞口桶或通过外加锁闭件将桶盖与桶体重新焊接起来制成一个新的带塞口桶。

Description

可多次使用的塑料桶及其制造和改造该桶的方法
本发明涉及可多次使用的塑料桶，这种塑料桶带有一个吹塑成型的桶体，该桶体具有一个在离桶口下方一定距离处从桶壁径向外伸的实心棱，还带有一个注塑成型的塑料盖，该塑料盖带有一个围绕住桶颈的外缘和一个插入桶颈内、越过盖底伸到桶口下方的内缘，并在外缘与内缘之间嵌有一个密封环，该密封环通过一个盖接合装置被压靠在桶颈的桶口边缘上(DE 39 37 613 AI)。本发明还涉及制造及改造这种塑料桶的方法。
按照严格的环境保护法规，要求将如塑料桶或钢桶的一次性使用的容器转变成可多次使用的容器，要求将这些容器转变成具有更大容积的容器以便减少物料的残留量，要求开发新的可多次使用的容器，这些容器，基于减轻有害物质对环境的污染的考虑，可以改造与回收，以及可以通过不产生有害物质的销毁、诸如通过焚烧来实现符合规定的废料处理，或者为了利用制造材料的再加工而可以最佳地排空残留物料并容易清洗干净。
可改造的并且废料处理不会导致有害物质污染的、基本上由塑料纤维与钢构成的硬质容器的开发业已发展出这种类型的带盖桶，例如通过DE 35 39 656 A1成为公知的带盖的带塞口桶，这种桶部份地取代了迄今使用的密封的带塞口桶。根据需要，这种桶设有一个作为内衬的柔性内壳或一个由一种塑料薄膜、例如一种聚乙烯薄膜制成的内袋或由通过共挤方法成形的防渗漏的金属-塑料复合薄膜、例如在两面上涂敷聚乙烯的铝箔制成的内袋。例如在DE 88 10 760 UI中公开的即是一种带一个内衬的桶。当塑料桶和钢桶用于盛装诸如对废料处理有问题的弥散性物质、例如一经干燥就几乎不能从桶壁上除掉的染料时，就采用这种内衬。在塑料桶内采用防渗透复合薄膜可防止含溶剂的内装物料扩散到桶壁上，同时也避免了桶壁中的溶剂的可能的反向扩散。在钢桶中采用内衬就可以省去至今人们为保护钢板抗御侵蚀性介质和腐蚀而采用的内壁涂漆。
本发明的目的在于提供一种可多次使用的桶，这种桶在用作密封的带塞口桶之后可用较低的费用改造成宽颈带盖桶或重新改造成带塞口桶。
本发明的目的还在于提供一种制造及改造所述塑料桶的方法。
实现本发明的目的的塑料桶的技术方案在于，所述桶配备有一个其上包含有进、排料塞口和进、排气塞口的带塞口盖，所述外缘终接有一个盖凸缘，该盖凸缘与所述桶棱之间限定了一个间距，在该间距内还包含有将盖跟桶体封闭地、但可拆卸地固定住的装置，该装置包含一个跟桶的轴线同轴的、将该盖凸缘焊到该桶棱上的可除去的环形接合桥接部(Verschlusssteg)，该可除去的接合桥接部在轴向上横跨所述间距并从盖凸缘和桶棱的内和外周边上径向朝内缩入。
实现本发明的目的的方法包含以下的步骤：
将一个环形加热工具放置在桶体的棱上；
将一个其上带有一个模制到盖凸缘的下侧上的环形凸肩的带塞口盖加压放置到该加热工具上；
加热一段足够的时间使盖凸缘的环形凸肩和桶棱的表面区域呈现表面熔化；
从桶棱上提起盖和加热工具并随着在同时对盖的密封环施加预应力的情况下将带有环形凸肩的盖加压放置在桶棱上使得该环形凸肩被焊接到桶棱上以形成一个将盖凸缘与桶棱连接起来的环形接合桥接部。
实现本发明的目的的方法的另一方案包含以下的步骤：通过将一个在底侧上设置有一个环形槽的加热工具在压力下放置在桶棱上使桶棱在顶侧模制出一个环形凸起，在取下加热工具后将此环形凸起在压力下焊接到在带塞口盖的盖凸缘的下侧上的表面熔化了的环形凸肩上使该环形凸肩固定到桶棱上以在盖凸缘与桶棱之间形成接合桥接部。
一个吹塑成型的宽颈桶体与一个通过压焊或注射方法固定到桶体上的注塑成型的带塞口盖的结合，开辟了以低成本制成符合容装危险流体所需的最高安全要求的带塞口桶的可能性，这种桶通过低费用的改造即可改装成带有可取下的简单盖子的宽颈桶或带有夹紧环锁紧装置的带塞口桶以用于运输与存放危险等级较低的液体、粒状和粉状的物质。
以下将借助于附图进一步描述本发明的可多次使用的塑料桶及其制造和改造的方法。在附图中：
图1是一个带有一个通过压焊来固定住的带塞口盖的带塞口桶的第一实施例的盖子区域的部份剖视图；
图2是一个相应于图1的盖子区域的视图，在该区域中带有一个为准备压焊而设置的热反射镜(Heizspiegel)；
图3是一个带塞口桶的第二实施例的盖子区域的部份剖视图，该桶带有一个注塑成型的锁紧环；
图4是一个在去除带塞口盖后从一个带塞口桶改装成一个宽颈带盖桶的桶子的盖子区域的部份剖视图。
图1所示的由热塑性塑料、例如聚乙烯制成的可多次使用的带塞口桶1具有一个吹塑成型的宽颈桶体2，桶体上有一个桶颈3，在桶颈上距桶口边4一定距离处成形有多个沿圆周分布的内突部5以加强桶颈3和支撑用塑料注塑成型的带塞口盖6。带塞口盖6具有一个将桶颈3包围住的外缘7和一个插入桶颈3内的内缘8，该内缘越过位于桶口9下方的盖底10向下伸展。带塞口盖6及其盖底10深入地伸入桶颈3内使成形在盖底10上的进、排料塞口11及进、排气塞口12的顶端处于盖的上边缘13的平面的下面。盖的外缘7与盖的内缘8共同构成了一个环形腔14，在该环形腔的底面有一个沿轴向突出的环形凸起15。用一种双组份的密封物质、例如聚氨酯与硬化剂注射在环形凸起15上，形成一个密封环16。
在注塑成型的带塞口盖6的外缘7的下部成形有一个环形凸缘17，在吹塑成型的桶体2上在桶口下面一定距离处成形有一个径向外伸的实心棱18。
当盖6被盖上时，盖上的凸缘17与桶上的棱18之间有一个距离a，两者是通过一个与桶轴线19-19同轴的环形接合桥接部20相互焊接起来的。
如图2所示，为制造图1所示的带塞口桶1，在桶体2的实心棱18上从上面设置一个环形的热反射镜21，而带塞口盖6以一个形成在盖凸缘17的底面上的与盖和桶的轴线19-19同轴的环形凸肩23在一定的压力P的作用下压到热反射镜上。热反射镜21的底面22上形成有一个环形槽25。经过一段时间的加热，由于施加在热反射镜21上的压力的作用，桶棱18上的被熔化了的塑料材料上升到热反射镜21的环形槽25中，从而形成一个与环形凸肩23对置的环形凸起26，同时成形在盖凸缘17上的环形凸肩23也被熔化。在加热过程完成后，将带塞口盖6和热反射镜21从桶体2上取下，然后，在压力和盖密封环16的预应力的作用下将带有环形凸肩23的盖6安放在桶棱18上，这样，在盖凸缘1 7的底面22上的环形凸肩23跟在桶棱18的顶面27上的环形凸起26焊接成一个将盖凸缘17与桶棱18相互连接起来的环形接合桥接部20。
在上述制造方法的一种变换方案中，环形凸起26也可以吹塑成型在桶棱18上。
此外，盖凸缘17和桶棱18也可能仅通过环形凸肩23相互焊接起来。
为制造图3所示的带塞口桶28，将带塞口盖6在压力P与盖的密封环16的预应力的作用下安放到桶颈3上，在相互隔开一定距离a的盖凸缘17和桶棱18上用塑料注塑成型一个锁紧环29，构成一个将盖凸缘17与桶棱18相互连接在一起的环形接合桥接部20。用于锁紧环29的塑料材料最好沿切向注射到相应的注塑模具内。
在图1和图3所示的带塞口桶1、28使用过一次或多次之后，为对其进行改造，可用切割机的一把或多把刀具30、或仿形车刀或一把锯或类似工具将接合桥接部20去掉来将带塞口盖6跟宽颈桶的桶体2分开。这样，桶体2就可以改装成一个如图4所示的带有一个简单的桶盖32和一个由板材制成的夹紧环锁紧装置33的宽颈桶31，或者改装成带塞口盖的桶，或者改装成带有一个焊上的或在其上注塑成型的带塞口盖的带塞口桶。
图1和图3所示的带塞口桶1、28与图4所示的宽颈带盖桶31都可以配备一个作为内衬的薄膜袋34，这种袋可以用一种塑料薄膜或一种金属-塑料复合薄膜制成。在图1所示的带塞口桶1上的薄膜袋34在焊接或注塑带塞口盖6之前及在宽颈桶的桶盖32安放到桶颈3上之前就放入桶体2内，而且薄膜袋要牵拉越过桶口边4以使其夹紧在桶口边与盖密封件16之间。此外，薄膜袋34也可以用一种粘结剂或通过热焊接部份地固定到桶体2的内壁上。
图1和图3所示的带塞口桶1、28上的带塞口盖6和图4所示的宽颈桶31上的盖32上也可以配置一个内衬35，这种内衬可由一种塑料薄膜或一种金属-塑料复合薄膜制成，该内衬35示出在图1所示的带塞口桶1上。

Claims (3)

1.一种可多次使用的塑料桶，这种塑料桶带有一个吹塑成型的桶体，该桶体具有一个在离桶口下方一定距离处从桶壁径向外伸的实心棱，还带有一个注塑成型的塑料盖，该塑料盖带有一个围绕住桶颈的外缘和一个插入桶颈内、越过盖底伸到桶口下的内缘，并在外缘与内缘之间嵌有一个密封环，该密封环通过一个盖接合装置被压靠在桶颈的桶口边缘上，其特征在于，所述桶(1)配备有一个其上包含有进、排料塞口(11)和进、排气塞口(12)的带塞口盖(6)，所述外缘(7)终接有一个盖凸缘(17)，该盖凸缘与所述桶棱(18)之间限定了一个间距(a)，在该间距(a)内还包含有将盖(6)跟桶体(2)封闭地、但可拆卸地固定住的装置，该装置包含一个跟桶的轴线(19-19)同轴的、将该盖凸缘(17)焊到该桶棱(18)上的可除去的环形接合桥接部(20)，该可除去的接合桥接部(20)在轴向上横跨所述间距(a)并从盖凸缘(17)和桶棱(18)的内和外周边上径向朝内缩入。
2.一种用于制造权利要求1所述的塑料桶的方法，这种方法包含以下的步骤：
将一个环形加热工具(21)放置在桶体(2)的棱(18)上；
将一个其上带有一个模制到盖凸缘(17)的下侧(22)上的环形凸肩(23)的带塞口盖(6)加压放置到该加热工具(21)上；
加热一段足够的时间使盖凸缘(17)的环形凸肩(23)和桶棱(18)的表面区域呈现表面熔化；
从桶棱(18)上提起盖(6)和加热工具(21)并随着在同时对盖的密封环(16)施加预应力的情况下将带有环形凸肩(23)的盖(6)加压放置在桶棱(18)上使得该环形凸肩(23)被焊接到桶棱(18)上以形成一个将盖凸缘(17)与桶棱(18)连接起来的环形接合桥接部(20)。
3.按权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，通过将一个在底侧(24)上设置有一个环形槽(25)的加热工具(21)在压力下放置在桶棱(18)上使桶棱(18)在顶侧(27)模制出一个环形凸起(26)，在取下加热工具(21)后将此环形凸起(26)在压力下焊接到在带塞口盖(6)的盖凸缘(17)的下侧上的表面熔化了的环形凸肩(23)上使该环形凸肩(23)固定到桶棱(18)上以在盖凸缘(17)与桶棱(18)之间形成接合桥接部(20)。
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DE59306183D1 (de) 1997-05-22
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YU78093A (sh) 1996-10-09
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US5568876A (en) 1996-10-29
BR9305059A (pt) 1994-06-21
DK0602553T3 (da) 1997-10-27
RU2090475C1 (ru) 1997-09-20
EP0602553A2 (de) 1994-06-22
ZA939382B (en) 1994-08-08
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LV11149A (lv) 1996-04-20
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US5556494A (en) 1996-09-17
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PL301498A1 (en) 1994-06-27
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AU660860B2 (en) 1995-07-06
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