CN103524222A - Rice biological fertilizer and production method thereof - Google Patents
Rice biological fertilizer and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103524222A CN103524222A CN201310473619.XA CN201310473619A CN103524222A CN 103524222 A CN103524222 A CN 103524222A CN 201310473619 A CN201310473619 A CN 201310473619A CN 103524222 A CN103524222 A CN 103524222A
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- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title 1
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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Abstract
The invention relates to a rice biological fertilizer in the field of fertilizer manufacturing. A formula is as below: 71% of an organic fertilizer, 12% of nitrogen, 6% of phosphorus, 9% of potassium, 40 million / g of Lactobacillus plantarum and 2% of an additive. The organic fertilizer comprises sugarcane mud, fish meal and peanut in the ratio of 57:37:6. The additive comprises boron, magnesium and zinc in the ratio of 32:48:20. A production method of the rice biological fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps: 1) adding microorganisms in the organic fertilizer and carrying out fermentation; 2) crushing, adding nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and evenly mixing; 3) granulating and drying. The rice biological fertilizer contains organic fertilizer and beneficial fungi, is friendly to the environment, has functions of nitrogen fixation, phosphorus activation and potassium decomposition, enhances the fertilizer maintenance of soil and reduces plant diseases and insect pests; and the fertilizer is developed according to growth regularity of rice, can promote the growth of rice, improve quality and increase the yield by 15% by average, and has the value for popularization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the field of fertilizer manufacturing for farm crop, specifically refer to a kind of rice biological fertilizer and production method thereof.
Background technology
In the past, because science and technology is undeveloped, when the mankind carry out agriculture production, manure use material always, as the skill leaf of the ight soil of the mankind, animal, plant etc., after simple stacking is processed, becomes fertilizer, for promoting the growth of farm crop.The mankind's ancestors are like this over millions upon millions of years, be that human and animal enjoys the fruit of plant and existence, human and animal's movement, become the fertilizer of plant-growth, reach like this benign cycles such as Heaven, Earth and Man, animal, plant, get along amiably and peacefully, green ecological, full of life, life and growth in nature.
Along with human population's growth, and the progress of science and technology, people, in order to obtain more grain, must improve the unit output of farm crop, and organic fertilizer fertilizer efficiency is slow, is unfavorable for the quick raising of crop yield, thereby has invented chemical fertilizer.The volume increase of current agricultural generally relies on chemical fertilizer, although crop yield has improved in a short time, its side effect also clearly: soil compaction, soil fertility decline, environmental pollution, also can affect the quality of agricultural-food.
The raising of people's living standard, greatly increases the livestock industry of ，Shi China for the demand of meat and is developed rapidly, and big-and-middle-sized livestock and poultry farm continues to bring out in various places, and a large amount of manure of livestock and poultry of generation are dirty, because can not get timely processing, become local primary pollution source.
After China's entry into the WTO, " green barrier " also become the significant obstacle of agricultural-food foreign export.Therefore people recognize gradually; when using chemical fertilizer; must improve the usage ratio of fertilizer, especially to economic class crops such as vegetables, melons and fruits, use bio-feritlizer; can increase production; can improve quality again, play the effect of preserving the ecological environment, and can extensively utilize town and country organic waste; as municipal wastes, mud, feces of livestock and poultry, tangerine bar etc.Use biotechnology new technology, produce bio-feritlizer, make " grain-fertilizer-grain " form benign cycle.
Bio-feritlizer be take organic fertilizer as main component, adds a certain amount of chemical fertilizer nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and relevant mushroom is composite forms.
Paddy rice is the basic grain farm crop of China's cultivated area maximum, because its output value is lower, is therefore not suitable for using high price fertilizer, and conversely, high price fertilizer is not necessarily applicable to paddy rice.Just, because national rice yield is large, occupy great position in national economy, therefore, the paddy rice special bio of research and development reasonable price is fertile, significant.
Existing bio-feritlizer great majority are universal, fill a prescription unreasonable, and not for specific plant demand preparation, so result of use is not remarkable, causes fertilizer wasting phenomenon yet.。
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problem of above-mentioned existence, the invention provides a kind of rice biological fertilizer and production method thereof.
The technical scheme that the present invention uses is as follows:
A kind of rice biological is fertile, it is characterized in that formulation weight per-cent is as follows:
Organic fertilizer 56-80%
Nitrogen (N) 8-16%
Phosphorus (P
2o
5) 4-9%
Potassium (K
2o) 5-15%
Microorganism 2,000 ten thousand-8,000 ten thousand/gram
Described organic fertilizer is sugarcane mud, fishbone powder and peanut press pulp, and its part by weight is 55-65:37-45:4-8, and preferably part by weight is, sugarcane mud: bovine bone powder: brown sugar=56-59:37-40:6-8.
Described microorganism is any one in plant lactobacillus, bacillus megaterium, photosynthetic bacteria, enzymatic microorganism.
In described formula, also adding weight percent is the additive of 1-3%, and its composition is: boron (B
2o
3), magnesium (MgO), zinc (ZnO), each composition part by weight is 28-35:42-54:18-23.
A production method for rice biological fertilizer, is characterized in that production stage is as follows:
1) in organic fertilizer, add microorganism and stir, fermenting;
2) organic fertilizer after fermentation is pulverized, and added nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P
2o
5), potassium (K
2o), evenly mix;
3) granulation, dry, check, packing.
A kind of rice biological of the present invention is fertile, and formulating of recipe thinking: Monitoring of Paddy Rice Plant Area is large is also large for national economy impact, but its output value is low, and volume increase space is also little, should meet on the basis of paddy growth demand in assurance, minimizes cost.Also have fixed nitrogen, phosphorus alive, potassium decomposing simultaneously, strengthen soil fertilizer ability, suppress the pathogenic bacteria in soil, reduce disease and occur.
Four kinds of microorganisms of using in the present invention, can be used separately, also can any two kinds or any three kinds of uses simultaneously.Any two kinds while using, its ratio is respectively 1/2nd simultaneously; Any three kinds while using, its ratio is respectively 1/3rd simultaneously.
The effect of four kinds of microorganisms in the present invention:
Plant lactobacillus (Lactobacillus plantarum) is a kind of of milk-acid bacteria, its viable count is higher, product acid that can be a large amount of, the heavy metal of degrading, this bacterium is anaerobic bacterium, the distinctive lactobacillin of energy output in reproductive process, lactobacillin is the sanitas of a kind of biotype, decomposing organic matter, deodorizing, eliminate the objectionable impuritiess such as nitrite, build good soil environment.
Bacillus megaterium (Bacillus megaterium), it can form gemma, is the decomposer of organophosphorus, and bacillus megaterium can be used for the solid potash fertilizer of production phosphorus decomposing, bacillus megaterium has the effect of organophosphorus in good degraded soil, is the conventional bacterial classification of producing biological organic fertilizer.
Enzymatic microorganism is by bacterium, actinomycetes and fungi three major types, tens kinds of bacterium and enzyme have formed the functional group of beneficial organism activity, can decompose the various organic matters such as agricultural crop straw, decompose the chemical compositions such as chemical fertilizer residual in soil, agricultural chemicals, kill the pathogenic bacteria in soil, in decomposing and fermenting process, can generate the fermentation resultants such as multivitamin, nucleic acid, tropina, nutritive value is abundant, can improve soil, reach that soil property is soft, ventilative, water conservation, fertilizer conservation, improve the quality of agricultural-food; Bacterium in enzymatic microorganism comprises: the floras useful to plant such as vinelandii, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, yeast.
The light and heat that photosynthetic bacterium (photosynthetic bacteria) be take in soil is the energy, under illumination anaerobic condition, grow vigorous, without also growing under optical condition, it changes into organic and inorganic nutrient substance the small-molecule substance easily absorbing for plant, photosynthetic bacterium is except the organic nutrient substance of itself, also contain the trace elements such as copper, zinc, molybdenum, cobalt, nickel, can supplement soil and lack trace element, improve fertilizer efficiency, photosynthetic bacterium has very strong nitrogen fixing capacity, can improve the trophic structure of soil, rich soil.Photosynthetic bacterium is raised growth breeding in soil, is conducive to the growth of beneficial microorganism in soil (as radioactive rays bacterium), reduces the disease that pernicious bacteria (as filamentous fungus) causes.
The applicant has carried out long-term arduous research trial for mentioned microorganism, is used in paddy rice and wheat, is conducive to root system development, improves effective tillering and mature spike number, improves crop yield and fruit quality.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) rice biological fertilizer contains organic fertilizer and useful mushroom, environmentally friendly, can improve crops quality and improve output.
(2) fertile for the growth characteristic of paddy rice and the special bio of law of development research and development, can promote paddy rice Fast Growth, utilization rate of fertilizer is high, than the paddy rice of using common fertilizer, on average increases production 15%.
(3) solved the fowl and animal excrement of livestock industry, urban refuse pollution, turns waste into wealth, harmonious co-existence between man and nature.
(4) reduce the generation of rice pest, thereby reduce agricultural chemicals, used environmental protection.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of rice biological fertilizer production method of the present invention skeleton diagram.
Embodiment
By each embodiment below, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1: a kind of rice biological is fertile, and its formulation weight per-cent is as follows:
Organic fertilizer 71%
Nitrogen (N) 12%
Phosphorus (P
2o
5) 6%
Potassium (K
2o) 9%
4,000 ten thousand/gram of plant lactobacilluss
Additive 2%
Above-mentioned organic fertilizer is sugarcane mud, fishbone powder and peanut press pulp, and its part by weight is 57:37:6.
Above-mentioned additive is: boron (B
2o
3), magnesium (MgO), zinc (ZnO), its part by weight is 32:48:20.
Embodiment 2: a kind of rice biological is fertile, and its formulation weight per-cent is as follows:
Organic fertilizer 67%
Nitrogen (N) 14%
Phosphorus (P
2o
5) 7%
Potassium (K
2o) 11%
5,000 ten thousand/gram of bacillus megateriums
Additive 3%
Above-mentioned organic fertilizer is sugarcane mud, fishbone powder and peanut press pulp, and its part by weight is 56:37:7.
Above-mentioned additive is: boron (B
2o
3), magnesium (MgO), zinc (ZnO), its part by weight is 29:49:22.
Embodiment 3: a kind of rice biological is fertile, and its formulation weight per-cent is as follows:
Organic fertilizer 73%
Nitrogen (N) 11%
Phosphorus (P
2o
5) 6%
Potassium (K
2o) 8%
4,000 ten thousand/gram of enzymatic microorganism
Additive 2%
Above-mentioned organic fertilizer is sugarcane mud, fishbone powder and peanut press pulp, and its part by weight is 56:37:7.
Above-mentioned additive is: boron (B
2o
3), magnesium (MgO), zinc (ZnO), its part by weight is 32:48:20.
A production method for rice biological fertilizer, is characterized in that production stage is as follows:
1) in organic fertilizer, add microorganism and stir, fermenting;
2) organic fertilizer after fermentation is pulverized, and added nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P
2o
5), potassium (K
2o), evenly mix;
3) granulation, dry, check, packing.
5 class materials also can be used as the present invention's organic fertilizer used below: 1, agricultural wastes: stalk, dregs of beans, cotton dregs etc.2, feces of livestock and poultry: chicken manure, cattle and sheep horsehit, rabbit excrement etc.; 3, trade waste: vinasse, vinegar grain, manioc waste, sugared slag, furfural dregs etc.; 4, domestic refuse: changing food waste etc.; 5, municipal sludge: riverway sludge, water drain mud etc.
Facts have proved, rice biological of the present invention is fertile, has following effect:
A. nutritive element is complete, provides paddy growth required various nutritive elements comprehensively, and price is lower.
B. the probiotics such as the photosynthetic bacterium in bio-fertilizer or enzymatic microorganism enters after soil, growth and breeding fast, produce a large amount of meta-bolitess, organism in fast decoupled soil and various nutritive ingredient, form the various nutritive elements that humic acid, amino acid, glucose, fructose etc. are beneficial to rice absorbing, promote fast paddy growth, improve quality, improve output.
C. probiotics simultaneously can also fixed nitrogen, live phosphorus, potassium decomposing, improve the soil compaction that uses chemical fertilizer to cause, strengthen the ability of soil water-retaining, fertilizer conservation, fertilizer.
D. the breeding of probioticss forms dominant group in a large number, can suppress the pathogenic bacteria growth in soil, thereby reduces the generation of disease, uses year after year and can greatly alleviate the sick generation of insect, reduces agricultural chemicals and uses, and alleviates environmental pollution.
A kind of rice biological of the present invention is fertile, usage quantity and fertilizing method:
1, single fertilization: first spread fertilizer over the fields rice biological fertilizer, then the rice transplanting that harrows a field, mu usage quantity 60-70 kilogram, uses weedicide in 7 days after rice transplanting.
2, secondary fertilising: first spread fertilizer over the fields for the first time rice biological fertilizer, then the rice transplanting that harrows a field, mu usage quantity 40-50 kilogram, uses weedicide in 7 days after rice transplanting.Use for the second time paddy rice bio-fertilizer, after rice transplanting about 15 days, select fine day afternoon, mu usage quantity 20-25 kilogram, keeps shoaling layer 5-7 days after fertilising.Apply fertilizer in latter 5 days and ban use of the disinfection sanitizers such as weedicide, prevent microorganism in bio-fertilizer to damage.
A kind of rice biological of the present invention is fertile, at many places agricultural Demonstration Bases such as Zhaoqing City of Guangdong Province agricultural breeding demonstration centre, happy Luo Hong village, cities and towns, Deqing County and Zhongshan city Fusha Towns, carried out the paddy rice simultaneous test of standard, result shows, paddy rice root of hair strong sprout, effective tillering, resistant to lodging, improve output and improve aspect quality and have obvious effect, than routine, use common fertilizer, volume increase 10%-20%.
Contrast implementation result sees the following form
| Fertilising situation | Every mu of fertilising kg | Average plant height cm | Average spike length cm | Average number of grain per ear | Thousand seed weight g | Per mu yield kg | Volume increase % |
| Common fertilizer | 50 | 102 | 24.0 | 121 | 28.3 | 468 | - |
| Embodiment 1 | 50 | 106 | 25.1 | 139 | 29.2 | 552 | 17.9 |
| Embodiment 2 | 50 | 105 | 24.6 | 133 | 29.0 | 530 | 13.2 |
| Embodiment 3 | 50 | 106 | 24.7 | 135 | 29.1 | 541 | 15.7 |
Claims (5)
1. a rice biological fertilizer, is characterized in that formulation weight per-cent is as follows:
Organic fertilizer 56-80%
Nitrogen (N) 8-16%
Phosphorus (P
2o
5) 4-9%
Potassium (K
2o) 5-15%
Microorganism 2,000 ten thousand-8,000 ten thousand/gram.
2. a kind of rice biological according to claim 1 is fertile, it is characterized in that: described organic fertilizer is sugarcane mud, fishbone powder and peanut press pulp, and its part by weight is 55-65:37-45:4-8.
3. a kind of rice biological according to claim 1 is fertile, it is characterized in that: described microorganism is any one in plant lactobacillus, bacillus megaterium, photosynthetic bacteria, enzymatic microorganism.
4. fertile according to a kind of rice biological described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: in described formula, also adding weight percent is the additive of 1-3%, and its composition is: boron (B
2o
3), magnesium (MgO), zinc (ZnO), each composition part by weight is 28-35:42-54:18-23.
5. the production method of a kind of rice biological fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that production stage is as follows:
1) in organic fertilizer, add microorganism and stir, fermenting;
2) organic fertilizer after fermentation is pulverized, and added nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P
2o
5), potassium (K
2o), evenly mix;
3) granulation, dry, check, packing.
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| CN103864513A (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2014-06-18 | 上海大学 | Compound microbial fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN104140329A (en) * | 2014-08-03 | 2014-11-12 | 富阳市瑞珏科技有限公司 | Special nitrogen fixation organic type fertilizer for rice |
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