A kind of Rice biological fertilizer and production method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to the field of fertilizer manufacturing for farm crop, specifically refer to a kind of Rice biological fertilizer and production method thereof.
Background technology
In the past, because science and technology is undeveloped, when the mankind carry out agriculture production, manure use material always, as the ight soil of the mankind, animal, the skill leaf etc. of plant, after simply stacking process, becomes fertilizer, for promoting the growth of farm crop.Over ancestors' millions upon millions of year of the mankind so, namely human and animal enjoys the fruit of plant and existence, the movement of human and animal, then become the fertilizer of plant-growth, reach the benign cycles such as Heaven, Earth and Man, animal, plant like this, get along amiably and peacefully, green ecological, full of life, life and growth in nature.
Along with the growth of human population, and the progress of science and technology, people, in order to obtain more grain, must improve the unit output of farm crop, and organic fertilizer fertilizer efficiency is slow, is unfavorable for the quick raising of crop yield, has thus invented chemical fertilizer.The volume increase of current agricultural generally relies on chemical fertilizer, although crop yield improves in a short time, its side effect also clearly: soil compaction, soil fertility decline, environmental pollution, also can affect the quality of agricultural-food.
The raising of people's living standard, the demand for meat increases greatly, and China's livestock industry is developed rapidly, and big-and-middle-sized livestock and poultry farm continues to bring out in various places, and a large amount of manure of livestock and poultry of generation are dirty, because can not get the primary pollution source that timely process has become local.
After China's entry into the WTO, " green barrier " has also become the significant obstacle of agricultural-food foreign export.Therefore people recognize gradually; while use chemical fertilizer; the usage ratio of fertilizer must be improved, especially to the economic class crop such as vegetables, melon and fruit, use bio-feritlizer; can increase production; again can oil recovery enhancement, play the effect of preserving the ecological environment, and can extensively utilize town and country organic waste; as municipal wastes, mud, feces of livestock and poultry, tangerine bar etc.Use biotechnology new technology, produce bio-feritlizer, make " grain-fertilizer-grain " form benign cycle.
Bio-feritlizer is main component with organic fertilizer, adds a certain amount of chemical fertilizer nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and relevant mushroom is composite forms.
Paddy rice is the maximum basic food crops of China's cultivated area, and because its output value is lower, be therefore not suitable for using high price fertilizer, conversely, high price fertilizer is not necessarily applicable to paddy rice.Just because national rice yield is large, occupy great position in national economy, therefore, the paddy rice special bio of research and development reasonable price is fertile, significant.
Existing bio-feritlizer great majority are universal, fill a prescription unreasonable, and not for specific plant demand preparation, therefore result of use is not remarkable, also causes fertilizer wasting phenomenon.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned Problems existing, the invention provides a kind of Rice biological fertilizer and production method thereof.
The technical scheme that the present invention uses is as follows:
A kind of Rice biological fertilizer, is characterized in that formulation weight per-cent is as follows:
Organic fertilizer 56-80%
N8-16%
P
2O
54-9%
K
2O5-15%
10,000,000/gram, microorganism 2,000 ten thousand-8
Described organic fertilizer is sugarcane mud, fishbone powder and peanut press pulp, and its part by weight is 55-65:37-45:4-8, and preferred part by weight is, sugarcane mud: bovine bone powder: brown sugar=56-59:37-40:6-8.
Described microorganism is any one in plant lactobacillus, bacillus megaterium, photosynthetic bacteria, enzymatic microorganism.
Also add the additive that weight percent is 1-3% in described formula, its composition is: B
2o
3, MgO, ZnO, each Ingredient Wt ratio is 28-35:42-54:18-23.
A production method for Rice biological fertilizer, is characterized in that production stage is as follows:
1) in organic fertilizer, add microorganism and stir, fermenting;
2) organic fertilizer after fermentation is pulverized, and add N, P
2o
5, K
2o, Homogeneous phase mixing;
3) granulation, drying, inspection, packaging.
A kind of Rice biological fertilizer of the present invention, formulating of recipe thinking: Monitoring of Paddy Rice Plant Area is large, also large for national economy impact, but its output value is low, and volume increase space is also little, should meet on the basis of paddy growth demand, minimize cost in guarantee.Also have fixed nitrogen, phosphorus alive, potassium decomposing simultaneously, strengthen soil fertilizer ability, suppress the pathogenic bacteria in soil, reduce disease and occur.
The four kinds of microorganisms used in the present invention, can be used alone, also can any two kinds or any three kinds use simultaneously.Any two kinds when using, its ratio is respectively 1/2nd simultaneously; Any three kinds when using, its ratio is respectively 1/3rd simultaneously.
The effect of four kinds of microorganisms in the present invention:
Plant lactobacillus (Lactobacillusplantarum) is the one of milk-acid bacteria, its viable count is higher, product acid that can be a large amount of, heavy metal of degrading, this bacterium is anaerobic bacterium, the distinctive lactobacillin of energy output in reproductive process, lactobacillin is the sanitas of a kind of biotype, decomposing organic matter, deodorizing, eliminate the objectionable impuritiess such as nitrite, build good soil environment.
Bacillus megaterium (Bacillusmegaterium), it can form gemma, is the decomposer of organophosphorus, and bacillus megaterium can be used for the solid potash fertilizer of production phosphorus decomposing, bacillus megaterium has effect of organophosphorus in soil of well degrading, is the conventional bacterial classification producing biological organic fertilizer.
Enzymatic microorganism is by bacterium, actinomycetes and fungi three major types, tens kinds of bacterium and enzyme constitute the functional group of beneficial organism activity, the various organic matters such as agricultural crop straw can be decomposed, decompose the chemical composition such as chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals residual in soil, kill the pathogenic bacteria in soil, the fermentation resultants such as multivitamin, nucleic acid, tropina can be generated in decomposing and fermenting process, rich in nutritive value, can soil be improved, reach that soil property is soft, ventilative, water conservation, fertilizer conservation, improve the quality of agricultural-food; Bacterium in enzymatic microorganism comprises: the flora that vinelandii, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, yeast etc. are useful to plant.
Photosynthetic bacterium (photosyntheticbacteria) with the light and heat in soil for the energy, vigorous at illumination grown under anaerobic conditions, also can grow under no light condition, it is easily the small-molecule substance of plant absorption that organic and inorganic nutrient substance change into by it, photosynthetic bacterium is except the organic nutrient substance of itself, also containing trace elements such as copper, zinc, molybdenum, cobalt, nickel, can supplement soil lack trace element, improve fertilizer efficiency, photosynthetic bacterium has very strong nitrogen fixing capacity, the trophic structure of soil can be improved, rich soil.Photosynthetic bacterium is raised growth breeding in soil, is conducive to the growth of beneficial microorganism in soil (as radioactive rays bacterium), reduces the disease that pernicious bacteria (as filamentous fungus) causes.
The applicant has carried out long-term arduous research trial for mentioned microorganism, is used in paddy rice and wheat, is conducive to root system development, improves effective tillering and mature spike number, improves crop yield and fruit quality.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) Rice biological fertilizer contains organic fertilizer and useful mushroom, environmentally friendly, can improve crops quality and improve output;
(2) for the growth characteristic of paddy rice and the special bio fertilizer of law of development research and development, can promote that paddy rice grows fast, utilization rate of fertilizer is high, than the paddy rice of using common fertilizer, on average increases production 15%;
(3) solve the fowl and animal excrement of livestock industry, urban refuse pollution, turn waste into wealth, harmonious co-existence between man and nature;
(4) decrease the generation of rice pest, thus reduce Pesticide use, environmental protection.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of rice biological fertilizer production method of the present invention skeleton diagram.
Embodiment
By each embodiment below, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1: a kind of Rice biological fertilizer, its formulation weight per-cent is as follows:
Organic fertilizer 71%
N12%
P
2O
56%
K
2O9%
Plant lactobacillus 4,000 ten thousand/gram
Additive 2%
Above-mentioned organic fertilizer is sugarcane mud, fishbone powder and peanut press pulp, and its part by weight is 57:37:6.
Above-mentioned additive is: B
2o
3, MgO, ZnO, its part by weight is 32:48:20.
Embodiment 2: a kind of Rice biological fertilizer, its formulation weight per-cent is as follows:
Organic fertilizer 67%
N14%
P
2O
57%
K
2O11%
Bacillus megaterium 5,000 ten thousand/gram
Additive 3%
Above-mentioned organic fertilizer is sugarcane mud, fishbone powder and peanut press pulp, and its part by weight is 56:37:7.
Above-mentioned additive is: B
2o
3, MgO, ZnO, its part by weight is 29:49:22.
Embodiment 3: a kind of Rice biological fertilizer, its formulation weight per-cent is as follows:
Organic fertilizer 73%
N11%
P
2O
56%
K
2O8%
Enzymatic microorganism 4,000 ten thousand/gram
Additive 2%
Above-mentioned organic fertilizer is sugarcane mud, fishbone powder and peanut press pulp, and its part by weight is 56:37:7.
Above-mentioned additive is: B
2o
3, MgO, ZnO, its part by weight is 32:48:20.
A production method for Rice biological fertilizer, is characterized in that production stage is as follows:
1) in organic fertilizer, add microorganism and stir, fermenting;
2) organic fertilizer after fermentation is pulverized, and add N, P
2o
5, K
2o, Homogeneous phase mixing;
3) granulation, drying, inspection, packaging.
5 class materials also can as the present invention's organic fertilizer used below:
1, agricultural wastes: stalk, dregs of beans, cotton dregs etc.;
2, feces of livestock and poultry: chicken manure, cattle and sheep horsehit, rabbit excrement etc.;
3, trade waste: vinasse, vinegar grain, manioc waste, sugared slag, furfural dregs etc.;
4, domestic refuse: changing food waste etc.;
5, municipal sludge: riverway sludge, sewage sludge etc.
Facts have proved that Rice biological fertilizer of the present invention has following effect:
A. nutritive element is complete, and provide the various nutritive elements needed for paddy growth, price is lower comprehensively;
After the probioticss such as the photosynthetic bacterium b. in bio-fertilizer or enzymatic microorganism enter soil, growth and breeding fast, produce a large amount of meta-bolitess, organism in fast decoupled soil and various nutritive ingredient, form the various nutritive elements that humic acid, amino acid, glucose, fructose etc. are beneficial to rice absorbing, promote paddy growth, oil recovery enhancement, raising output fast;
C. probiotics simultaneously can also fixed nitrogen, live phosphorus, potassium decomposing, improve the soil compaction using chemical fertilizer to cause, strengthen the ability of soil water-retaining, fertilizer conservation, fertilizer;
D. the breeding of a large amount of probiotics forms dominant group, can suppress the growth of pathogenic bacteria in soil, thus reduce the generation of disease, uses year after year and greatly can alleviate the generation of insect disease, reduce Pesticide use, alleviate environmental pollution.
A kind of Rice biological fertilizer of the present invention, usage quantity and fertilizing method:
1, single fertilization: first spread fertilizer over the fields Rice biological fertilizer, then the rice transplanting that harrows a field, mu usage quantity 60-70 kilogram, uses weedicide in 7 days after rice transplanting;
2, Secondary fertilising: first time first spreads fertilizer over the fields Rice biological fertilizer, then the rice transplanting that harrows a field, and mu usage quantity 40-50 kilogram, uses weedicide in 7 days after rice transplanting.Second time uses Rice biological fertilizer, after rice transplanting about 15 days, and select fine day afternoon, mu usage quantity 20-25 kilogram, keeps shoaling layer 5-7 days after fertilising.Apply fertilizer in latter 5 days and prohibit the use the disinfection sanitizers such as weedicide, prevent from damaging microorganism in bio-fertilizer.
A kind of Rice biological fertilizer of the present invention, the many places agricultural Demonstration Bases such as Luo Hong village, cities and towns and Fusha Town of Zhongshan city are pleased in Zhaoqing City of Guangdong Province agricultural breeding demonstration centre, Deqing County, carry out the paddy rice simultaneous test of specification, result shows, paddy rice root of hair strong sprout, effective tillering, resistant to lodging, improve in output and oil recovery enhancement and have obvious effect, common fertilizer is used, volume increase 10%-20% than routine.
Contrast implementation result sees the following form
Fertilising situation |
Every mu of fertilising kg |
Average plant height cm |
Average spike length cm |
Average number of grain per ear |
Thousand seed weight g |
Per mu yield kg |
Volume increase % |
Common fertilizer |
50 |
102 |
24.0 |
121 |
28.3 |
468 |
- |
Embodiment 1 |
50 |
106 |
25.1 |
139 |
29.2 |
552 |
17.9 |
Embodiment 2 |
50 |
105 |
24.6 |
133 |
29.0 |
530 |
13.2 |
Embodiment 3 |
50 |
106 |
24.7 |
135 |
29.1 |
541 |
15.7 |