CN103518658A - Method of cultivating fry of Apostichopus japonicus by floating cages in ponds - Google Patents
Method of cultivating fry of Apostichopus japonicus by floating cages in ponds Download PDFInfo
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- CN103518658A CN103518658A CN201310520759.8A CN201310520759A CN103518658A CN 103518658 A CN103518658 A CN 103518658A CN 201310520759 A CN201310520759 A CN 201310520759A CN 103518658 A CN103518658 A CN 103518658A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
A method of cultivating fry of Apostichopus japonicus by floating cages in ponds includes: 1, producing and placing cages, and producing floating cages; 2, stocking fry of Apostichopus japonicus reasonably; 3, controlling water quality reasonably; 4, managing cultivation of the fry of Apostichopus japonicus reasonably; 5, adjusting cage level reasonably. The method has the advantages that survival rate, yield and fry quality of the fry of Apostichopus japonicus are increased, the method has good effect and is convenient to popularize, the floating cages can sink to proper levels in hot periods of summer and cold periods of winter so that water temperature and water quality are maintained, and growing period of cage-cultivated fry can also be prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is the floated sea cucumber in cage seeding cultivating method in a kind of pond.
Background technology
The marine economy echinoderm that stichopus japonicus is a kind of nutrition, medicinal and economic worth is high.In recent years, stichopus japonicus is propagated area artificially and output increases year by year northern China is coastal.Along with apostichopus japonicus culture scale constantly expands, the development of stichopus japonicus industrial artificial seedling rearing rapidly, current stichopus japonicus seedling more than 95% is to cultivate in industrial artificial seedling rearing chamber, artificial breeding has progressively changed the natural quality of the wild stichopus japonicus in natural water area, there is degradation phenomena in stichopus japonicus germplasm, artificial seedling Quality Down, disease increases; Artificial breeding has consumed mass energy, and seedling density is large, need to control water quality and disease with a large amount of medicines, causes stichopus japonicus drug disposition residual, and quality declines; Indoor raising of seedling water consumption is large, and breeding water is not treated directly into sea, serious environment pollution.These problems directly affect the sound development of stichopus japonicus Product quality and safety and apostichopus japonicus culture industry.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, solve the existing problem of above-mentioned prior art, provide a kind of to improve the floated sea cucumber in cage seeding cultivating method in pond of survival rate, output and the seedling quality of stichopus japonicus seedling.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
1, net cage is made and is placed
Net cage is made: the long limit plastic tube on top, its two ends screw and make it sealing, broadside with bamboo bar or rod and grow limit to connect into rectangular frame with nut, the bottom root plastic tube isometric with broadside, in-built rough sand or weight, its two ends screw and make it sealing with nut, and make rectangular frame and bottom plastic pipe connect and compose net cage with 20 eye mesh screens;
Net cage is placed: after net cage is made, be put in pond, in a row arrange, and tie up its broadside connection with long rope, be bind on the timber of bank, pond fixing.The seedling adherance of some is set in net cage.Summer High-Temperature Times and winter low temperature phase can will be sunken to the middle and lower part of water under net cage, or the different water layers that suspend in water.
2, put stichopus japonicus seedling in a suitable place to breed
June first arrival mid-July, stichopus japonicus seedling to be put in a suitable place to breed in net cage and cultivated, stichopus japonicus seedling specification is 0.1 ~ 0.025g, and every 500 g are 5000 ~ 20000 seedlings, and breeding density is 400 ~ 500g/m
3; Stichopus japonicus seedling specification is 0.025 ~ 0.005g, and every 500g is 20,000 ~ 100,000 seedling, and breeding density is 100 ~ 150g/ m
3.
3, regulating and controlling water quality
During cultivating seedling, water quality meets following standard: water temperature between 22 ~ 28 ℃, salinity between 26 ~ 30, pH value: 7.8 ~ 8.6, dissolved oxygen>=4mg/L, nitrite<0.05mg/L, hydrogen sulphide<0.1mg/L, ammonia nitrogen<0.6mg/L, transparency: 30 ~ 50cm; Survey water temperature every day 2 times, morning 6:00 and afternoon 2:00, keep the upper and lower layer of net cage water temperature to be close; Measure salinity, pH value every day 1 time, other indexs are measured 1 time for 15 ~ 20 days.
4, stichopus japonicus seedling cultivating and managing
Bait throwing in every day nurturing period 1 time, daily ration, feeding quantity, by 8 ~ 10% of body weight, reduces later gradually, every 15 ~ 20 days reduce 1 ~ 2%, later stage daily ration, feeding quantity is 3 ~ 5%, and according to every day food ration take the circumstances into consideration to increase and decrease daily ration, feeding quantity.
In cultivating process, scrub net cage every day, permeable to guarantee net cage, guarantee water quality, and every 15 ~ 20 days replacing net cages, fall seedling once, in while falling seedling, by seedling size fractionation, put to different net cages, and thoroughly remove Ascidian, weeds harmful organisms.
Observe sea cucumber activity every day, the situation of ingesting, to adjust daily ration, feeding quantity, improves water quality, guarantees that sea cucumber keeps good animation, and observes seedling and have disease-free generation, and control in time.
5, net cage water layer is adjusted
Summer High-Temperature Times, the water level in foster ginseng pond now should be lowered net cage water layer to water surface 0.4m more than will rising to 1.8m, and net cage top covers tightly with shading screen, prevents that seedling from climbing out of.Method of adjustment is that the screw-cap of screen frame long side pipe head is turned on, and puts a certain amount of water into, allows net cage sink down into designated depth.When autumn, water temperature was suitable, then net cage is promoted to top layer.
The winter low temperature phase, the water level in foster ginseng pond now should be lowered net cage water layer to more than water-bed 0.1m more than will rising to 1.8m, and net cage top covers tightly with shading screen, prevents that seedling from climbing out of.Method of adjustment is that the nut of screen frame long side pipe head is turned on, and puts a certain amount of water into, allows net cage sink down into designated depth.When spring, water temperature was suitable, then net cage is promoted to top layer.
Effect of the present invention, has improved survival rate, output and the seedling quality of stichopus japonicus seedling, effective, is convenient to promote.Floated net cage can make net cage sink down into suitable water level at Summer High-Temperature Times and winter low temperature phase, to keep water temperature, keeps water quality, also can extend the vegetative period of net cage seedling nursery; And other are with the technical method of net cage seedling nurseries before, net cage can not up-down adjustment, and water temperature is larger to the growth effect of seedling, and the vegetative period of growing seedlings is shorter; The present invention has overcome these shortcomings.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is cage structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that a plurality of net cages connect placement schematic diagram.
Embodiment
1, net cage is made and is placed
Cage size: length and width height is 4m * 2m * 1.2 m, makes with 20 mesh sieve tulles;
Net cage frame: long limit 1 use plastic tube, (polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride pipe Φ 60mm), its two ends screw and make it sealing with nut 1a, on bubbling through the water column; Broadside 4 use bamboo bars or rod and long limit 1 connect into rectangular frame.Net cage 2 the bottoms 3 piece plastic tube 3(polyethylene isometric with broadside or polyvinyl chloride pipe Φ 40mm), in-built rough sand or weight, its two ends screw and make it sealing with nut 3a, and are connected with net cage 2 bottoms, and each 1, two ends, open net cage 2 sinkings by middle 1.
Net cage is placed: after net cage is made, be put in pond, in a row arrange, and tie up its broadside connection with long rope, be bind on the timber of bank, pond fixing.The seedling adherance of some is set in net cage.Summer High-Temperature Times and winter low temperature phase can will be sunken to the middle and lower part of water under net cage, or the different water layers that suspend in water.
2, put stichopus japonicus seedling in a suitable place to breed
June first arrival mid-July, stichopus japonicus seedling to be put in a suitable place to breed in net cage and cultivated, stichopus japonicus seedling specification is 0.1 ~ 0.025g, and every 500 g are 5000 ~ 20000 seedlings, and breeding density is 400 ~ 500g/m
3; Stichopus japonicus seedling specification is 0.025 ~ 0.005g, and every 500g is 20,000 ~ 100,000 seedling, and breeding density is 100 ~ 150g/ m
3.
3, regulating and controlling water quality
During cultivating seedling, water quality meets following standard: water temperature between 22 ~ 28 ℃, salinity between 26 ~ 30, pH value: 7.8 ~ 8.6, dissolved oxygen>=4mg/L, nitrite<0.05mg/L, hydrogen sulphide<0.1mg/L, ammonia nitrogen<0.6mg/L, transparency: 30 ~ 50cm; Survey water temperature every day 2 times, morning 6:00 and afternoon 2:00, keep the upper and lower layer of net cage water temperature to be close; Measure salinity, pH value every day 1 time, other indexs are measured 1 time for 15 ~ 20 days.
4, stichopus japonicus seedling cultivating and managing
Bait throwing in every day nurturing period 1 time, daily ration, feeding quantity, by 8 ~ 10% of body weight, reduces later gradually.Bait throwing in every day nurturing period 1 time, daily ration, feeding quantity, by 8 ~ 10% of body weight, reduces later gradually, every 15 ~ 20 days reduce 1 ~ 2%, later stage daily ration, feeding quantity is 3 ~ 5%, and according to every day food ration take the circumstances into consideration to increase and decrease daily ration, feeding quantity.
In cultivating process, scrub net cage every day, permeable to guarantee net cage, guarantee water quality, and every 15 ~ 20 days replacing net cages, fall seedling once, in while falling seedling, by seedling size fractionation, put to different net cages, and thoroughly remove Ascidian, weeds harmful organisms.
Observe sea cucumber activity every day, the situation of ingesting, to adjust daily ration, feeding quantity, improves water quality, guarantees that sea cucumber keeps good animation, and observes seedling and have disease-free generation, and control in time.
5, net cage water layer is adjusted
Summer High-Temperature Times, the water level in foster ginseng pond now should be lowered net cage water layer to water surface 0.4m more than will rising to 1.8m, and net cage top covers tightly with shading screen, prevents that seedling from climbing out of.Method of adjustment is that the screw-cap of screen frame long side pipe head is turned on, and puts a certain amount of water into, allows net cage sink down into designated depth; When autumn, water temperature was suitable, then net cage is promoted to top layer.
The winter low temperature phase, the water level in foster ginseng pond now should be lowered net cage water layer to more than water-bed 0.1m more than will rising to 1.8m, and net cage top covers tightly with shading screen, prevents that seedling from climbing out of.Method of adjustment is that the nut of screen frame long side pipe head is turned on, and puts a certain amount of water into, allows net cage sink down into designated depth; When spring, water temperature was suitable, then net cage is promoted to top layer.
6, results
(1) stocking size is 0.1 ~ 0.025g, and every 500 g are 5000 ~ 20000 seedlings, and breeding density is 400 ~ 500g/ m
3;
(2) stichopus japonicus seedling specification is 0.025 ~ 0.005g, and every 500g is 20,000 ~ 100,000 seedling, and breeding density is 100 ~ 150g/ m
3.Gather in the crops mid-October, and survival rate can reach more than 83.5%, output average out to 300 ~ 450g/ m
3, Second Year results mid-April in spring, survival rate can reach 82.6%, output average out to 300 ~ 400g/ m
3.
Claims (1)
1. the floated sea cucumber in cage seeding cultivating method in pond, is characterized in that,
(1), net cage is made and is placed
Net cage is made: the long limit plastic tube on top, its two ends screw and make it sealing, broadside with bamboo bar or rod and grow limit to connect into rectangular frame with nut, the bottom root plastic tube isometric with broadside, in-built rough sand or weight, its two ends screw and make it sealing with nut, and make rectangular frame and bottom plastic pipe connect and compose net cage with 20 eye mesh screens;
Net cage is placed: after net cage is made, be put in pond, in a row arrange, and tie up its broadside connection with long rope, be bind on the timber of bank, pond fixing; The seedling adherance of some is set in net cage; Summer High-Temperature Times and winter low temperature phase can will be sunken to the middle and lower part of water under net cage, or the different water layers that suspend in water;
(2), put stichopus japonicus seedling in a suitable place to breed
June first arrival mid-July, stichopus japonicus seedling to be put in a suitable place to breed in net cage and cultivated, stichopus japonicus seedling specification is 0.1 ~ 0.025g, and every 500 g are 5000 ~ 20000 seedlings, and breeding density is 400 ~ 500g/m
3; Stichopus japonicus seedling specification is 0.025 ~ 0.005g, and every 500g is 20,000 ~ 100,000 seedling, and breeding density is 100 ~ 150g/ m
3;
(3), regulating and controlling water quality
During cultivating seedling, water quality meets following standard: water temperature between 22 ~ 28 ℃, salinity between 26 ~ 30, pH value: 7.8 ~ 8.6, dissolved oxygen>=4mg/L, nitrite<0.05mg/L, hydrogen sulphide<0.1mg/L, ammonia nitrogen<0.6mg/L, transparency: 30 ~ 50cm; Survey water temperature every day 2 times, morning 6:00 and afternoon 2:00, keep the upper and lower layer of net cage water temperature to be close; Measure salinity, pH value every day 1 time, other indexs are measured 1 time for 15 ~ 20 days;
(4), stichopus japonicus seedling cultivating and managing
Bait throwing in every day nurturing period 1 time, daily ration, feeding quantity, by 8 ~ 10% of body weight, reduces later gradually, every 15 ~ 20 days reduce 1 ~ 2%, later stage daily ration, feeding quantity is 3 ~ 5%, and according to every day food ration take the circumstances into consideration to increase and decrease daily ration, feeding quantity;
In cultivating process, scrub net cage every day, permeable to guarantee net cage, guarantee water quality, and every 15 ~ 20 days replacing net cages, fall seedling once, in while falling seedling, by seedling size fractionation, put to different net cages, and thoroughly remove Ascidian, weeds harmful organisms;
Observe sea cucumber activity every day, the situation of ingesting, to adjust daily ration, feeding quantity, improves water quality, guarantees that sea cucumber keeps good animation, and observes seedling and have disease-free generation, and control in time;
(5), net cage water layer is adjusted
Summer High-Temperature Times, the water level in foster ginseng pond now should be lowered net cage water layer to water surface 0.4m more than will rising to 1.8m, and net cage top covers tightly with shading screen, prevents that seedling from climbing out of; Method of adjustment is that the screw-cap of screen frame long side pipe head is turned on, and puts a certain amount of water into, allows net cage sink down into designated depth; When autumn, water temperature was suitable, then net cage is promoted to top layer; The winter low temperature phase, the water level in foster ginseng pond now should be lowered net cage water layer to more than water-bed 0.1m more than will rising to 1.8m, and net cage top covers tightly with shading screen, prevents that seedling from climbing out of; Method of adjustment is that the nut of screen frame long side pipe head is turned on, and puts a certain amount of water into, allows net cage sink down into designated depth; When spring, water temperature was suitable, then net cage is promoted to top layer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310520759.8A CN103518658B (en) | 2013-10-30 | 2013-10-30 | Method of cultivating fry of Apostichopus japonicus by floating cages in ponds |
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| CN201310520759.8A CN103518658B (en) | 2013-10-30 | 2013-10-30 | Method of cultivating fry of Apostichopus japonicus by floating cages in ponds |
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| CN103518658A true CN103518658A (en) | 2014-01-22 |
| CN103518658B CN103518658B (en) | 2014-12-10 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104255590A (en) * | 2014-09-01 | 2015-01-07 | 山东蓝色海洋科技股份有限公司 | Fast sea cucumber fry feeding device and fast sea cucumber fry feeding method |
| CN107347762A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2017-11-17 | 谭培东 | The device that a kind of seedling of Apostichopus japonicus pond ecological is temporarily supported |
| CN111869608A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-11-03 | 大连棒棰岛海参发展有限公司 | Ecological breeding method for breeding stichopus japonicus young stichopus japonicus fries in small net cages of pond |
| CN112369356A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-02-19 | 苑春亭 | Pond distribution box cultivation method for stichopus japonicus in late autumn and early spring |
| CN114128618A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-04 | 广东海洋大学 | Gracilaria seed protection device and method |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104255590A (en) * | 2014-09-01 | 2015-01-07 | 山东蓝色海洋科技股份有限公司 | Fast sea cucumber fry feeding device and fast sea cucumber fry feeding method |
| CN107347762A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2017-11-17 | 谭培东 | The device that a kind of seedling of Apostichopus japonicus pond ecological is temporarily supported |
| CN111869608A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-11-03 | 大连棒棰岛海参发展有限公司 | Ecological breeding method for breeding stichopus japonicus young stichopus japonicus fries in small net cages of pond |
| CN112369356A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-02-19 | 苑春亭 | Pond distribution box cultivation method for stichopus japonicus in late autumn and early spring |
| CN112369356B (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2023-02-24 | 苑春亭 | Pond distribution box cultivation method for stichopus japonicus in late autumn and early spring |
| CN114128618A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-04 | 广东海洋大学 | Gracilaria seed protection device and method |
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| CN103518658B (en) | 2014-12-10 |
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