CN103416228A - Method for planting organic watermelons - Google Patents
Method for planting organic watermelons Download PDFInfo
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- CN103416228A CN103416228A CN2013103133316A CN201310313331A CN103416228A CN 103416228 A CN103416228 A CN 103416228A CN 2013103133316 A CN2013103133316 A CN 2013103133316A CN 201310313331 A CN201310313331 A CN 201310313331A CN 103416228 A CN103416228 A CN 103416228A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for planting organic watermelons. The method mainly includes the following processes of ditching, filling matrixes and planting layers into ditches, bedding, watering, dibbling, grafting, pruning and conducting management in the watermelon reserving and raising period. The watermelons planted according to the method are good in quality and big in size, the weight of a common watermelon can reach 30-50Kg, the weight of a heavy watermelon can reach more than 70Kg, the sugar degree can reach more than 11.5, the highest sugar degree is more than 14, and watermelons especially resist storage and transportation. The experiment proves that after being ripe and picked off, the watermelons planted according to the method can be generally stored for 30-50 days at the temperature of 20-25DEG C.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the growth of watermelon method, a kind of especially implantation methods of high-quality organic watermelons.
Background technology
Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Mansfel days) is the annual climing property herbaceous plant of Curcurbitaceae Citrullus, in China, has a long history.In recent years, the growth of watermelon area also is the trend enlarged year by year.But due to people's coveting to output and economic benefit, particularly to the control of planting cost, cropping pattern homogeneity or unification have appearred, particularly irrational fertilising, as applied too much chemical fertilizer, the one, cause soil compaction and salination phenomenon, cause especially the degradation of quality of watermelon, that a large amount of watermelon products has been full of market on the one hand, price is low, poor quality, nobody shows any interest in, the high-quality product wretched insufficiency specialized on the other hand, plant husbandry occurs that Higher output is not accompanied by a higher income, or even increase production the situation of the anti-reduction of income, this phenomenon has become the critical limitation factor of restriction China watermelon industry healthy and sustainable development.
CN102845241A announces a kind of method of watermelon grafting, and pumpkin and stock two Plants carry out growth of watermelon as stock, and to obtain high yield, but it does not solve the product homogeneity problem occurred in growth of watermelon well.
CN102037833A, CN101755583A 2 discloses a kind of culture technique and the method that machine watermelon is arranged, it passes through without agricultural chemicals, chemical fertilizer, growth regulator, hormone, weed killer herbicide etc., adopt organic authentication of base, efficent rotation, organic seed, the self-control decomposed manure, carry out prevention and elimination of disease and pests with mineral matter and plant medical agent, utilize pest natural enemy to carry out the insect predation, utilize the intrinsic light that becomes of insect, the performance that becomes to distinguishing the flavor of is catched and killed insect, adopt the pheromones sex attractant, black light lamp is catched and killed the moth pests, utilize the methods such as yellow plate trapping aphid, reach kill pests, protect useful insect.Culture technique is by cultivating the technology such as strong sprout, grafting, ridging, cultivation, plastic mulching, rational close planting, plant adjustment, field management, fertilising, the extermination of disease and insect pest; take full advantage of the conditions such as light, heat, gas; create an environment that is conducive to the organic watermelons growth; to reach highly efficient and productive production organic watermelons; although the organic watermelons product can be provided; but its planting conditions is crossed the range request harshness, also infeasible in the reality plantation, be difficult to carry out large-scale planting.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of implantation methods of high-quality watermelon, particularly a kind of method that can carry out the especially big organic watermelons of large-scale planting, a kind of method that can carry out the especially big organic watermelons of large-scale planting in other words conj.or perhaps.
Purpose of the present invention mainly by trench digging, in ditch filling substrate and cultivation layer, beat furrow, water, dibbling, grafting, prune, stay melon and educate the realization of melon period management.
Trench digging: the ditch of opening wide 100～120cm, dark 80～120cm in melon ground.When multiple row planting, ditch spacing general control is between 100～400cm.
Filling substrate: the matrix of inserting 60～80cm thickness in ditch, described matrix is: high-quality farmyard manure and native mixture: mixed proportion is that 1 weight portion farmyard manure is joined 0.75～2.0 weight portion soil, be preferably 1:1～1:1.5, simultaneously, apply again the compound potassium sulfate fertilizer of 3～5Kg/m by the length of ditch when applying.
Above-mentioned high-quality farmyard manure can be any one or a few the mixture in the barnyard manure of pig, ox, horse, sheep, chicken or duck.
Cultivation layer: at the cultivation layer of hypothallus top filling thickness 20～40cm, described cultivation layer is: the mixture of the arbitrary proportion of one or both in sheep excrement or chicken manure and native mixture, be preferably chicken manure, mixed proportion is that 1 weight portion sheep excrement or chicken manure are joined 0.5～2 weight portion soil, applies phosphorus acid salt two ammoniums of 0.5～1Kg/m by the length of ditch.
Above-mentioned filling substrate or cultivation layer are preferably undertaken by following program: in ditch, insert in proportion one deck soil, insert again one deck farmyard manure, with rotovator, mix, repeat said process more afterwards until meet the requirements of thickness, simultaneously applying described compound potassium sulfate fertilizer by the length of ditch in once or several times arbitrarily.
Beat furrow: beat the ridge that twice 25～30cm is high on above-mentioned ditch, the ridge is apart from 100～120cm.
Water: water permeable.
Dibbling: can carry out dibbling after the 2nd day after watering: plant cave distance 200～400cm, 3～5 watermelon seeds of every cave mid point and 6～8 cucurbit seeds or edible gourd seed, the degree of depth of sowing 3～5cm.
The above-mentioned watermelon seeds as seed, cucurbit seed or edible gourd seed broadcast before the water seed soaking sterilization of the most handy 55～60 ℃, during seed soaking, to constantly stir until water temperature drops to 30 ℃, naturally cooling rear use 2% bleaching powder aqueous solution seed soaking 15 minutes, soak more than 16 hours with clear water again after cleaning up, then clean 2～3 times and wait to broadcast.
Preferably soaked seed prior to seeding 1～2 day.
Grafting: after emerging, using watermelon as scion, using cucurbit seedling or edible gourd seedling as stock, one strain watermelon seedling is grafted on the cucurbit seedling or edible gourd seedling more than a strain, after grafting survival, the more mutual grafting of watermelon seedling that 2～3 strains are survived, survive laggard seedling in the ranks, every cave retains a strain watermelon seedling.
Above-mentioned grafting can, for pegging graft or being abutted against, be preferably and be abutted against.
In the grafting situation, described cucurbit seed or edible gourd seed are preferably sowed early than watermelon seeds in 2～4 days.
Be abutted against in situation, described cucurbit seed or edible gourd seed preferably are later than watermelon seeds and sow in 2～4 days.
Training: in process of growth, 3～5 of every strain reservations are climing, and unnecessary melon fork is all destroyed, and keeps down the vines of a creeping plant in time.
Stay melon: when melon, overgrow while growing to 150～300 melon leaves and start to stay melon: select that growing way is healthy and strong, the proper melon tire of curcumbitate stays melon, 1～4, melon is stayed in every strain, be preferably and stay melon 1-2, after enter and educate the melon period management.
Educate the melon period management: implantation methods carries out until the watermelon maturation routinely.
As improvement, the above-mentioned melon period management of educating is preferably in and stays after melon 3～5 days, or grows to 0.2Kg/ when above when the melon viviparity, by 150～200g/ strain/sky, waters with milk, until the watermelon maturation.
Further, above-mentioned, educate after the melon period management carries out 30 days, be preferably in every 1Kg milk and add 50～75g white sugar, continue to water with milk until the watermelon maturation by 150～200g/ strain/sky.
Watermelon with method plantation of the present invention, not only of fine quality, and individual large, general individual weight can reach 30～50Kg, heavy can reach 70Kg more than, pol can reach more than 11.5, the highlyest surpass 14, particularly anti-accumulating, through test, after the watermelon maturation that method of the present invention is planted is taken, under 20～25 ℃ of environment, generally can deposit 30～50 days.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:Open the ditch of wide 100cm, dark 80cm in melon ground, ditch spacing 300cm.The matrix of inserting 60cm thickness in ditch, mixture 1 weight portion that described matrix is pig and chicken manure arbitrary proportion is joined 1.2 weight portion soil, simultaneously, applies the compound potassium sulfate fertilizer of 3～5Kg/m by the length of ditch when applying again.At the cultivation layer of hypothallus top filling thickness 20cm, described cultivation layer is: sheep excrement and native mixture: mixed proportion is that 1 weight portion sheep excrement is joined 1.5 weight portion soil, is inserting phosphorus acid salt two ammoniums that simultaneously by the length of ditch, apply 0.5～1Kg/m.Beat the ridge that twice 30cm is high on above-mentioned ditch, the ridge is apart from 100cm, waters permeablely, with unrestrained furrow, is as the criterion.Within the 2nd day, carry out dibbling after watering: plant cave apart from 300cm, 5 watermelon seeds of every cave mid point, after 3 days again at 8 cucurbit seeds of every cave mid point, the degree of depth of sowing 3～5cm.After emerging, using watermelon as scion, using the cucurbit seedling as stock, a strain watermelon seedling is grafted on two strain cucurbit seedlings, after grafting survival, the more mutual grafting of watermelon seedling that 2～3 strains are survived, surviving laggard seedling in the ranks, every cave retains a strain watermelon seedling.In process of growth, 3～5 of every strain reservations are climing, and unnecessary melon fork is all destroyed, and keeps down the vines of a creeping plant in time.Overgrow while growing to 150～300 melon leaves and start to stay melon when melon: select that growing way is healthy and strong, the proper melon tire of curcumbitate stays melon, 1, melon is stayed in every strain, after staying melon 3～5 days, or grow to 0.2Kg/ when above when the melon viviparity, by 150～200g/ strain/sky, water with milk, after 30 days, in every 1Kg milk, add 50～75g white sugar, continue to water with milk until the watermelon maturation by 150～200g/ strain/sky.
Embodiment 2:Open the ditch 400cm of wide 110cm, dark 100cm in melon ground.The matrix of inserting 90cm thickness in ditch, any in the barnyard manure that described matrix is pig, ox, horse, sheep, chicken or duck or any several mixture 1 weight portion are joined 1.2 weight portion soil, simultaneously, apply again the compound potassium sulfate fertilizer of 3～5Kg/m by the length of ditch when applying.At the cultivation layer of hypothallus top filling thickness 30cm, described cultivation layer is: sheep excrement and native mixture: mixed proportion is that 1 weight portion sheep excrement is joined 2 weight portion soil, inserts phosphorus acid salt two ammoniums that simultaneously by the length of ditch, apply 1Kg/m.Beat the ridge that twice 25cm is high on above-mentioned ditch, the ridge is apart from 120cm, waters permeablely, with unrestrained furrow, is as the criterion.Carry out dibbling after watering after the 3rd day: plant cave apart from 200cm, in every cave with 4 watermelon seeds of time point and 8 cucurbit seeds, the degree of depth of sowing 3～5cm.After emerging, using watermelon as scion, the cucurbit seedling of usining is abutted against as stock, a strain watermelon seedling is grafted on two strain cucurbit seedlings, and after grafting survival, the more mutual grafting of watermelon seedling that 2～3 strains are survived, surviving laggard seedling in the ranks, every cave retains a strain watermelon seedling.Enter afterwards growing season management, in process of growth, 3～5 of every strain reservations are climing, and unnecessary melon fork is all destroyed, and keeps down the vines of a creeping plant in time.Overgrow while growing to 150～300 melon leaves and start to stay melon when melon: select that growing way is healthy and strong, the proper melon tire of curcumbitate stays melon, 2, melon is stayed in every strain, enters afterwards and educates the melon period management.After staying melon 5 days, by 150～200g/ strain/sky, water with milk, until the watermelon maturation.
Embodiment 3:Open the ditch of wide 100cm, dark 90cm in melon ground, ditch spacing 400cm.Ratio in 1:1.5 in ditch is inserted one deck soil at twice, then inserts one deck pig, cow dung mixture, after mixing with rotovator, applies the compound potassium sulfate fertilizer of 1Kg/m after mixing with rotovator by the length of ditch at every turn.At the cultivation layer of hypothallus top filling thickness 30cm, described cultivation layer is: sheep excrement and native mixture: mixed proportion is 1:1, applies phosphorus acid salt two ammoniums of 1Kg/m by the length of ditch simultaneously.Beat the ridge that twice 25cm is high on above-mentioned ditch, the ridge is apart from 110cm, waters permeablely, with unrestrained furrow, is as the criterion.Within the 2nd day, carry out dibbling after watering, plant cave apart from 300cm, 4 watermelon seeds of every cave mid point and 8 cucurbit seeds, the degree of depth of sowing 3～5cm, the water seed soaking of the most handy 55～60 ℃ sterilization before program request, during seed soaking, will constantly stir until water temperature drops to 30 ℃, naturally cooling rear use 2% bleaching powder aqueous solution seed soaking 15 minutes, soak 1 day with clear water after cleaning up again.After emerging, using watermelon as scion, usining cucurbit seedling or edible gourd seedling is abutted against as stock, a strain watermelon seedling is grafted on two strain cucurbit seedlings, and after grafting survival, the more mutual grafting of watermelon seedling that 2 or 3 strains are survived, surviving laggard seedling in the ranks, every cave retains a strain watermelon seedling.Enter afterwards growing season management, in process of growth, 3～5 of every strain reservations are climing, and unnecessary melon fork is all destroyed, and keeps down the vines of a creeping plant in time.Overgrow while growing to 150～300 melon leaves and start to stay melon when melon: select that growing way is healthy and strong, the proper melon tire of curcumbitate stays melon, according to the plant gesture, every strain is stayed melon 2-3, enters afterwards and educates the melon period management.Thereafter implantation methods manages watermelon until the watermelon maturation routinely.
Embodiment 4:Open the ditch of wide 120cm suitable for reading, the wide 40cm in bottom, dark 120cm in melon ground, ditch spacing 400cm.The matrix of inserting 90cm thickness in ditch, the mixture of the barnyard manure arbitrary proportion that described matrix is pig, ox, horse, duck, mixed proportion is that 1 weight portion farmyard manure is joined 2 weight portion soil, simultaneously, applies the compound potassium sulfate fertilizer of 3～5Kg/m by the length of ditch when applying again.At the cultivation layer of hypothallus top filling thickness 30cm, described cultivation layer is: the mixture of 1 weight portion sheep excrement and chicken manure is joined 1 weight portion soil, applies phosphorus acid salt two ammoniums of 0.8Kg/m by the length of ditch.Beat the ridge that twice 30cm is high on above-mentioned ditch, the ridge is apart from 100cm, waters permeablely, with unrestrained furrow, is as the criterion.Within the 3rd day, carry out dibbling after watering: plant cave apart from 300cm, 3～5 watermelon seeds of every cave mid point, put after 3 days in every cave and fill into 8 edible gourd seeds again, the degree of depth of sowing 3～5cm.After emerging, using watermelon as scion, edible gourd seedling of usining is abutted against as stock, a strain watermelon seedling is grafted on two strain edible gourd seedlings, and after grafting survival, the more mutual grafting of watermelon seedling that 2～3 strains are survived, surviving laggard seedling in the ranks, every cave retains a strain watermelon seedling.Enter afterwards growing season management, in process of growth, 3～5 of every strain reservations are climing, and unnecessary melon fork is all destroyed, and keeps down the vines of a creeping plant in time.Overgrow while growing to 150～300 melon leaves and start to stay melon when melon: select that growing way is healthy and strong, the proper melon tire of curcumbitate stays melon, 1, melon is stayed in every strain, enter afterwards and educate the melon period management, stay after melon 3～5 days, by 150～200g/ strain/sky, water with milk, until the watermelon maturation, after 30 days, add 505g white sugar in every 1Kg milk, continue to water with milk until the watermelon maturation by 150～200g/ strain/sky.
Embodiment 5:Open the ditch of wide by 100, bottom width 40cm suitable for reading, dark 80cm in melon ground.Ditch spacing 300cm.The matrix of inserting 60cm thickness in ditch, described matrix is: 1 weight portion pigsty fertilizer is joined 1.35 weight portion soil and is inserted at twice in ditch, after inserting and mix evenly, all by the length of ditch, applies the compound potassium sulfate fertilizer of 2Kg/m.At the cultivation layer of hypothallus top filling thickness 20cm, the mixture that described cultivation layer is 1 weight portion sheep excrement and 0.8 weight portion soil, apply phosphorus acid salt two ammoniums of 0.8Kg/m by the length of ditch in the time of covering.Beat the ridge that twice 30cm is high on above-mentioned ditch, the ridge is apart from 110cm, waters permeablely, with unrestrained furrow, is as the criterion.Within the 2nd day, carry out dibbling after watering: plant cave apart from 200cm, 6～8 cucurbit seeds of every cave mid point, click and enter 3～5 watermelon seeds again after 4 days, the equal 3～5cm of the degree of depth of sowing.After tidy seedlings output, using watermelon as scion, the cucurbit seedling of usining is pegged graft as stock, a strain watermelon seedling is grafted on a strain cucurbit seedling, and after grafting survival, the more mutual grafting of watermelon seedling that 3 strains are survived, surviving laggard seedling in the ranks, every cave retains a strain watermelon seedling.Enter afterwards growing season management, in process of growth, 3～5 of every strain reservations are climing, and unnecessary melon fork is all destroyed, and keeps down the vines of a creeping plant in time.Overgrow while growing to 150～300 melon leaves and start to stay melon when melon: select that growing way is healthy and strong, the proper melon tire of curcumbitate stays melon, 1, melon is stayed in every strain, enter afterwards and educate the melon period management, after staying melon 5 days, by 150～200g/ strain/sky, water with milk, after 30 days, be preferably in every 1Kg milk and add 75g white sugar, continue to water with milk until the watermelon maturation by 150～200g/ strain/sky.
Embodiment 6:Open the ditch of wide by 100, bottom width 60cm suitable for reading, dark 120cm in melon ground, ditch spacing 350cm.Insert the matrix of 80cm thickness in ditch, the barnyard manure mixture in any proportion that described matrix is 1 weight portion pig, ox, horse, sheep, chicken and duck is joined 1. 5 weight portion soil, above-mentioned filling substrate carries out at twice: in ditch, insert one deck soil and one deck farmyard manure, after mixing with rotovator, apply the compound potassium sulfate fertilizer of 2.5Kg/m by the length of ditch, insert one deck soil and one deck farmyard manure again in ditch afterwards, mix with rotovator.Cultivation layer at hypothallus top filling thickness 40cm, the mixture that described cultivation layer is 1 part of sheep excrement and chicken manure is joined 1.5 weight portion soil, apply at twice: in ditch, insert one deck soil and one deck farmyard manure, after mixing with rotovator, apply phosphorus acid salt two ammoniums of 1Kg/m by the length of ditch, insert one deck soil and one deck farmyard manure again in ditch afterwards, mix with rotovator.Beat the ridge that twice 28cm is high on above-mentioned ditch, the ridge is apart from 120cm, waters permeablely, with unrestrained furrow, is as the criterion.Within the 2nd day, carry out dibbling after watering: plant cave apart from 300cm, 3～5 watermelon seeds of every cave mid point are clicked and entered 6～8 cucurbit seeds, the degree of depth of sowing 3～5cm again in every cave after 5 days.After tidy seedlings output, using watermelon as scion, the cucurbit seedling of usining is abutted against as stock, a strain watermelon seedling is grafted on two strain cucurbit seedlings, and after grafting survival, the more mutual grafting of watermelon seedling that 2～3 strains are survived, surviving laggard seedling in the ranks, every cave retains a strain watermelon seedling.Enter afterwards growing season management, in process of growth, 3～5 of every strain reservations are climing, and unnecessary melon fork is all destroyed, and keeps down the vines of a creeping plant in time.Overgrow while growing to 150 above melon leaves and start to stay melon when melon: select that growing way is healthy and strong, the proper melon tire of curcumbitate stays melon, 2, melon is stayed in every strain, grow to 0.2Kg/ when above when the melon viviparity afterwards, by 150～200g/ strain/sky, water with milk, after 30 days, add 60g white sugar in every 1Kg milk, continue to water with milk until the watermelon maturation by 150～200g/ strain/sky.
Embodiment 7:In melon ground, open suitable for reading wide by 100, the ditch of bottom width 40cm, dark 90cm.Ditch spacing 200cm.The matrix of inserting 60cm thickness in ditch, described matrix is: 1 weight portion pig, ox, horse barnyard manure mixture are joined 1 weight portion soil, simultaneously, apply the compound potassium sulfate fertilizer of 5Kg/m by the length of ditch when applying again.At the cultivation layer of hypothallus top filling thickness 30cm, described cultivation layer is that 1 weight portion sheep excrement is joined 1 weight portion soil, applies phosphorus acid salt two ammoniums of 1Kg/m by the length of ditch.Beat the ridge that twice 25cm is high on above-mentioned ditch, the ridge is apart from 100cm, waters permeablely, with unrestrained furrow, is as the criterion.Can carry out dibbling after the 2nd day after watering: plant cave apart from 300cm, 3～5 watermelon seeds of every cave mid point and 6～8 edible gourd seeds, the degree of depth of sowing 3～5cm.After emerging, using watermelon as scion, edible gourd seedling of usining is abutted against as stock, a strain watermelon seedling is grafted on two strain edible gourd seedlings, and after grafting survival, the more mutual grafting of watermelon seedling that 2～3 strains are survived, surviving laggard seedling in the ranks, every cave retains a strain watermelon seedling.Enter afterwards growing season management, in process of growth, 3～5 of every strain reservations are climing, and unnecessary melon fork is all destroyed, and keeps down the vines of a creeping plant in time.Overgrow while growing to 200 above melon leaves and start to stay melon when melon: select that growing way is healthy and strong, the proper melon tire of curcumbitate stays melon, 4, melon is stayed in every strain, 5 days afterwards, by 150～200g/ strain/sky, water with milk, after 30 days, add 65g white sugar in every 1Kg milk, continue to water with milk until the watermelon maturation by 150～200g/ strain/sky.
Embodiment 8:Open the ditch of wide 100cm, dark 100 cm in melon ground, ditch spacing 400cm.The matrix of inserting 70cm thickness in ditch, the mixture of the arbitrary proportion of the barnyard manure that described matrix is 1 weight ox, horse, chicken and duck is joined 2 weight portion soil, applies the compound potassium sulfate fertilizer of 3～5Kg/m when applying by the length of ditch again.At the cultivation layer of hypothallus top filling thickness 30cm, described cultivation layer is that 1 weight portion sheep excrement is joined 1.5 weight portion soil, and applies phosphorus acid salt two ammoniums of 0.7Kg/m by the length of ditch.Beat the ridge that twice 30cm is high on above-mentioned ditch, the ridge is apart from 120cm, waters permeablely, with unrestrained furrow, is as the criterion.Within the 3rd day, carry out dibbling after watering: plant cave apart from 250cm, 3～5 watermelon seeds of every cave mid point and 6～8 edible gourd seeds, the degree of depth of sowing 3～5cm.After emerging, using watermelon as scion, edible gourd seedling of usining is abutted against as stock, a strain watermelon seedling is grafted on two strain edible gourd seedlings, and after grafting survival, the more mutual grafting of watermelon seedling that 2～3 strains are survived, surviving laggard seedling in the ranks, every cave retains a strain watermelon seedling.Enter afterwards growing season management, in process of growth, 3～5 of every strain reservations are climing, and unnecessary melon fork is all destroyed, and keeps down the vines of a creeping plant in time.Overgrow while growing to 250 melon leaves and start to stay melon when melon: select that growing way is healthy and strong, the proper melon tire of curcumbitate stays melon, 3, melon is stayed in every strain, enter afterwards and educate the melon period management, after staying melon 3～5 days, by 150～200g/ strain/sky, water with milk, after 35 days, in every 1Kg milk, add 75g white sugar, continue to water with milk until the watermelon maturation by 150～200g/ strain/sky.
Embodiment 9:Open the ditch of wide 100cm, dark 80 cm in melon ground, ditch spacing 300cm.The matrix of inserting 60cm thickness in ditch, described matrix is that 1 weight portion pig is joined 2 weight portion soil, simultaneously, applies the compound potassium sulfate fertilizer of 5Kg/m by the length of ditch when applying again.At the cultivation layer of hypothallus top filling thickness 20cm, described cultivation layer is that 1 weight portion sheep excrement is joined 1.5 weight portion soil, applies phosphorus acid salt two ammoniums of 1Kg/m by the length of ditch.Beat the ridge that twice 28cm is high on above-mentioned ditch, the ridge is apart from 120cm, waters permeablely, with unrestrained furrow, is as the criterion.After watering, dibbling is carried out in inboard, the 2nd day twice ridge at ditch: plant cave apart from 200cm, 3～5 watermelon seeds of every cave mid point and 6～8 cucurbit seeds, the degree of depth of sowing 3～5cm.After emerging, using watermelon as scion, the cucurbit seedling of usining is abutted against as stock, a strain watermelon seedling is grafted on two strain cucurbit seedlings, and after grafting survival, the more mutual grafting of watermelon seedling that 2～3 strains are survived, surviving laggard seedling in the ranks, every cave retains a strain watermelon seedling.Enter afterwards growing season management, in process of growth, 3～5 of every strain reservations are climing, and unnecessary melon fork is all destroyed, and keeps down the vines of a creeping plant in time.Overgrow while growing to 150～300 melon leaves and start to stay melon when melon: select that growing way is healthy and strong, the proper melon tire of curcumbitate stays melon, 1, melon is stayed in every strain, enter afterwards and educate the melon period management, stay after melon 3 days, by 150～200g/ strain/sky, water with milk, after 30 days, in every 1Kg milk, add 50g white sugar, continue to water with milk until the watermelon maturation by 150～200g/ strain/sky.
Embodiment 10:Open the ditch of wide 100cm, dark 100cm in melon ground, ditch spacing 400cm.The matrix of inserting 75cm thickness in ditch, the mixture of the arbitrary proportion in the barnyard manure that described matrix is 1 weight portion pig, ox, horse and duck is joined 1.8 weight portion soil, applies the compound potassium sulfate fertilizer of 3～5Kg/m when applying by the length of ditch again.At the cultivation layer of hypothallus top filling thickness 25cm, the mixture that described cultivation layer is 1 weight portion sheep excrement and chicken manure arbitrary proportion is joined 1 weight portion soil, applies phosphorus acid salt two ammoniums of 0.5～1Kg/m by the length of ditch simultaneously.Beat the ridge that twice 30cm is high on above-mentioned ditch, the ridge is apart from 120cm, waters permeablely, with unrestrained furrow, is as the criterion.Within the 2nd day, carry out dibbling after watering: inboard by planting cave apart from the 300cm program request, 3～5 watermelon seeds of every cave mid point and 6～8 cucurbit seeds, the degree of depth of sowing 3～5cm on the twice ridge of ditch.The above-mentioned watermelon seeds as seed, cucurbit seed are broadcast the water seed soaking sterilization of 55～60 ℃ of front use, after cleaning up, with clear water, soak 2 days again.After emerging, using watermelon as scion, the cucurbit seedling of usining is abutted against as stock, a strain watermelon seedling is grafted on two strain cucurbit seedlings, and after grafting survival, the more mutual grafting of watermelon seedling that 2～3 strains are survived, surviving laggard seedling in the ranks, every cave retains a strain watermelon seedling.Enter afterwards growing season management, in process of growth, 3～5 of every strain reservations are climing, and unnecessary melon fork is all destroyed, and keeps down the vines of a creeping plant in time.Overgrow while growing to 150～300 melon leaves and start to stay melon when melon: select that growing way is healthy and strong, the proper melon tire of curcumbitate stays melon, 1, melon is stayed in every strain, stay after melon 3 days, by 150～200g/ strain/sky, water with milk, after 30 days, add 50～75g white sugar in every 1Kg milk, continue to water with milk until the watermelon maturation by 150～200g/ strain/sky.
Embodiment 11:Open the ditch of wide 100cm, dark 80cm in melon ground, ditch spacing 400cm.The matrix of inserting 65cm thickness in ditch, the mixture of the arbitrary proportion of the barnyard manure that described matrix is 1 weight portion pig, ox, horse, sheep, chicken and duck is joined 1.3 weight portion soil, applies the compound potassium sulfate fertilizer of 4Kg/m by the length of ditch simultaneously.At the cultivation layer of hypothallus top filling thickness 35cm, described cultivation layer is that 1 weight portion sheep excrement is joined 1 weight portion soil, applies phosphorus acid salt two ammoniums of 0.7Kg/m by the length of ditch simultaneously.Beat the ridge that twice 30cm is high on above-mentioned ditch, the ridge is apart from 120cm, waters permeablely, with unrestrained furrow, is as the criterion.After watering after the 2nd day in the inboard, the twice ridge of ditch by kind of cave apart from the 400cm program request, be alternately and arrange between the twice ridge, 3～5 watermelon seeds of every cave mid point and 6～8 edible gourd seeds, the degree of depth of sowing 3～5cm.After emerging, using watermelon as scion, edible gourd seedling of usining is abutted against as stock, a strain watermelon seedling is grafted on two strain edible gourd seedlings, and after grafting survival, the more mutual grafting of watermelon seedling that 2～3 strains are survived, surviving laggard seedling in the ranks, every cave retains a strain watermelon seedling.Enter afterwards growing season management, in process of growth, 3～5 of every strain reservations are climing, and unnecessary melon fork is all destroyed, and keeps down the vines of a creeping plant in time.Overgrow while growing to 150～300 melon leaves and start to stay melon when melon: select that growing way is healthy and strong, the proper melon tire of curcumbitate stays melon, 2, melon is stayed in every strain, after staying melon 5 days, by 150～200g/ strain/sky, water with milk, after 30 days, add 50g white sugar in every 1Kg milk, continue to water with milk until the watermelon maturation by 150～200g/ strain/sky.
Embodiment 12:Open the ditch of wide 120cm, dark 120cm in melon ground, ditch spacing 400cm.The matrix of inserting 80cm thickness in ditch, the mixture of the arbitrary proportion of the barnyard manure that described matrix is 1 weight portion pig, ox, horse, sheep, chicken and duck is joined 1.6 weight portion soil, applies the compound potassium sulfate fertilizer of 5Kg/m by the length of ditch simultaneously.At the cultivation layer of hypothallus top filling thickness 40cm, described cultivation layer is that 1 weight portion sheep excrement is joined 1.4 weight portion soil, applies phosphorus acid salt two ammoniums of 1Kg/m by the length of ditch simultaneously.Beat the ridge that twice 30cm is high on above-mentioned ditch, the ridge is apart from 120cm, waters permeablely, with unrestrained furrow, is as the criterion.Within the 2nd day, carry out dibbling after watering: plant cave apart from 300cm, 3～5 watermelon seeds of every cave mid point and 6～8 cucurbit seeds, the degree of depth of sowing 3～5cm.After emerging, using watermelon as scion, the cucurbit seedling of usining is abutted against as stock, a strain watermelon seedling is grafted on two strain cucurbit seedlings, and after grafting survival, the more mutual grafting of watermelon seedling that 2～3 strains are survived, surviving laggard seedling in the ranks, every cave retains a strain watermelon seedling.Enter afterwards growing season management, in process of growth, 3～5 of every strain reservations are climing, and unnecessary melon fork is all destroyed, and keeps down the vines of a creeping plant in time.Overgrow while growing to 150～300 melon leaves and start to stay melon when melon: select that growing way is healthy and strong, the proper melon tire of curcumbitate stays melon, 1, melon is stayed in every strain, stay after melon 3 days, by 150～200g/ strain/sky, water with milk, after 30 days, add 60g white sugar in every 1Kg milk, continue to water with milk until the watermelon maturation by 150～200g/ strain/sky.
Claims (10)
1. the method for organic watermelons plantation
,It is characterized in that mainly comprising following process:
Trench digging: the ditch of opening wide 100～120cm, dark 80～120cm in melon ground;
Filling substrate: the matrix of inserting 60～80cm thickness in ditch, described matrix is: mixture 0.75～2.0 weight portion soil of any one or a few in the barnyard manure of 1 weight portion pig, ox, horse, sheep, chicken or duck applies the compound potassium sulfate fertilizer of 3～5Kg/m when applying by the length of ditch;
Cultivation layer: at the cultivation layer of hypothallus top filling thickness 20～40cm, described cultivation layer is: the mixture of the arbitrary proportion of one or both in 1 weight portion sheep excrement or chicken manure is joined 0.5～2 weight portion soil, applies phosphorus acid salt two ammoniums of 0.5～1Kg/m when applying by the length of ditch;
Beat furrow: beat the ridge that twice 25～30cm is high on above-mentioned ditch, the ridge is apart from 100～120cm;
Water: water permeable;
Dibbling: can carry out dibbling after the 2nd day after watering: plant cave distance 200～400cm, 3～5 watermelon seeds of every cave mid point and 6～8 cucurbit seeds or edible gourd seed, the degree of depth of sowing 3～5cm;
Grafting: after emerging, using watermelon as scion, using cucurbit seedling or edible gourd seedling as stock, one strain watermelon seedling is grafted on the cucurbit seedling or edible gourd seedling more than a strain, after grafting survival, the more mutual grafting of watermelon seedling that 2～3 strains are survived, survive laggard seedling in the ranks, every cave retains a strain watermelon seedling;
Training: in process of growth, 3～5 of every strain reservations are climing, and unnecessary melon fork is all destroyed, and keeps down the vines of a creeping plant in time;
Stay melon: when melon, overgrow while growing to 150～300 melon leaves and start to stay melon: select that growing way is healthy and strong, the proper melon tire of curcumbitate stays melon, 1～4, melon is stayed in every strain;
Educate the melon period management: implantation methods manages until the watermelon maturation routinely.
2. the method that organic watermelons according to claim 1 is planted
,It is characterized in that:
Described filling substrate or cultivation layer are undertaken by following program: in ditch, insert in proportion one deck soil, insert again one deck farmyard manure, with rotovator, mix, repeat said process more afterwards until meet the requirements of thickness, in filling once or several times arbitrarily, the length by ditch applies described compound potassium sulfate fertilizer or phosphorus acid salt two ammoniums simultaneously.
3. the method that organic watermelons according to claim 1 and 2 is planted
,It is characterized in that:
Described grafting is for pegging graft or being abutted against;
In the grafting situation, described cucurbit seed or edible gourd seed are sowed early than watermelon seeds in 2～4 days;
Be abutted against in situation, described cucurbit seed or edible gourd seed preferably are later than watermelon seeds and sow in 2～4 days.
4. the method that organic watermelons according to claim 1 and 2 is planted
,It is characterized in that: the described melon period management of educating
After staying melon 3～5 days, or grow to 0.2Kg/ when above when the melon viviparity, by 150～200g/ strain/sky, water with milk, until the watermelon maturation.
5. the method that organic watermelons according to claim 4 is planted
,It is characterized in that: the described melon period management of educating
After 30 days, in every 1Kg milk, add 50～75g white sugar, continue to water with milk until the watermelon maturation by 150～200g/ strain/sky.
6. the method that organic watermelons according to claim 3 is planted
,It is characterized in that: the described melon period management of educating
After staying melon 3～5 days, or grow to 0.2Kg/ when above when the melon viviparity, by 150～200g/ strain/sky, water with milk, until the watermelon maturation.
7. the method that organic watermelons according to claim 6 is planted
,It is characterized in that: the described melon period management of educating
After 30 days, in every 1Kg milk, add 50～75g white sugar, continue to water with milk until the watermelon maturation by 150～200g/ strain/sky.
8. the method that organic watermelons according to claim 4 is planted
,It is characterized in that: 1～2, melon is stayed in every strain.
9. the method that organic watermelons according to claim 5 is planted
,It is characterized in that: 1～2, melon is stayed in every strain.
10. the method that organic watermelons according to claim 6 is planted
,It is characterized in that: 1～2, melon is stayed in every strain.
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| CN103782757A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-05-14 | 贵州平坝宝地农业科技产业有限公司 | Method for planting high-quality mini watermelons |
| CN103782757B (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2016-03-23 | 贵州平坝宝地农业科技产业有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of high-quality mini watermelon |
| CN103975711A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-08-13 | 马鞍山绿九湾瓜果蔬菜种植有限公司 | Cultivation method for autumn greenhouse watermelons |
| CN103975711B (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2016-09-21 | 马鞍山绿九湾瓜果蔬菜种植有限公司 | A kind of booth autumn cultivating watermelon method |
| CN103931384A (en) * | 2014-04-03 | 2014-07-23 | 蒋广洁 | Planting method for green-food-grade autumn watermelons |
| CN104770182A (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2015-07-15 | 吴迪 | Organic planting process for watermelons |
| CN104823651A (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2015-08-12 | 吴迪 | Planting method of watermelons |
| CN104904548A (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2015-09-16 | 刘思群 | Green pepper cultivation method |
| CN104969767A (en) * | 2015-08-03 | 2015-10-14 | 柳小明 | Method for planting pricklyash peel |
| CN106069004A (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2016-11-09 | 安徽菲扬农业科技有限公司 | A kind of growth of watermelon method |
| CN106900324A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-06-30 | 莆田市农业科学研究所 | A kind of method for improving spring open country balsam pear early yield and planting benefit |
| CN109548504A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-04-02 | 安徽省舒城县舒丰现代农业科技开发有限责任公司 | A kind of engrafting method of watermelon |
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Application publication date: 20131204 |