A kind of growth of watermelon method
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of agricultural cultivation, it is more particularly related to a kind of growth of watermelon method.
Background technology
The annual climing property herbaceous plant of Citrullus Curcurbitaceae, watermelon can be rated as the king in melon, is one of modal fruit;Cause
Introduce from the Western Regions when Han dynasty, therefore claim watermelon.At present in addition to the outlying cold district of minority, all there is plantation domestic various places, in China
The cultivation history of existing centuries.The tender and crisp succulence of watermelon, is the good merchantable brand that quenches one's thirst of relieving summer heat, is deeply liked by consumer;With people's life
The raising of level, is increasing year by year to the demand of watermelon.Traditional large fruit watermelon, Taonan, the Jilin Hei Shuixi of Chinese Famous
Melon, uses traditional cultivation technique, and a general strain only controls 1 watermelon of output, and single weight is 8-12kg, and general yield is every
Hectare 50-80 ton;Many if being allowed to bear fruit again it is necessary to impact growth and yield, bear fruit also more difficult meanwhile.At present, use
Traditional cultivation management technology, needs are pinched off young shoots, prune, are repeatedly kept down the vines of a creeping plant;And pinch off young shoots, prune, keep down the vines of a creeping plant be one more complicated, loaded down with trivial details,
Need the work of a large amount of manpower;Therefore, producing strain many melons high yield large fruit watermelon, being easily caused difficulty of bearing fruit, Watermelon Fruit is less than normal,
Yield is on the low side, and the commodity of fruit declines, and economic benefit is greatly lowered.
Content of the invention
Problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of growth of watermelon method.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
A kind of growth of watermelon method, comprises the steps:
(1) bask seeds
Seed is positioned under sunlight solarization 2h, to improve germination capacity of seeds;
(2) soak seed
The seed shining, with the water seed soaking 6~8 hours of 30~36 DEG C, is then pulled out, rubs the mucous membrane going on seed with the hands, with 800
The good fortune more than 60% of times liquid or 70% good fortune first sulphur wettable powder soak 4~6 hours again, and taking-up clear water rinses liquid well;
(3) vernalization
The seed having soaked is lain on ventilative filter paper, is placed on vernalization under the constant temperature of 33~35 DEG C;
(4) nursery
It by the seed after vernalization, is placed on nursery in 20~22 DEG C of environment in seedlings nursing plate, seedling raising process makes seedlings nursing plate keep wet
Profit;
(5) wholely
Select loosing soil, good permeability, the good soil of energy drainage performance, the pH of regulation soil, make soil pH value be 6~8, right
Deep ploughing in melon patch, offers Gua Gou, is provided with the ridge of a width of 40 centimetres between described melon ditch, and at described melon ditch Nei Shiji
Matter;
(6) plant
At the cultivation layer of hypothallus top filling thickness 20~40cm, described cultivation layer is: 1 kg chicken manure joins 0.5~1.5kg soil
Ratio mixes, and applies phosphorus acid salt two ammonium of 0.5~1.5Kg/m by the length of ditch when applying, and watermelon seedlings kind is entered cultivation
In Ceng, the degree of depth of sowing 3~5cm;
(7) prune
Taking out the climing phase, using how climing training type, each melon that every strain be grown is climing uniformly separately, Appropriate application sunlight, no
Can be overlapping, it is climing that strong wind to be prevented blows random melon, will press once climing, bear fruit first 7 days, spray 1-3 boron fertilizer;
(8) manage
The work such as weeding, ridging in carrying out when watermelon climing length 40~50cm, after transplanting, 7d executes slow seed manure, based on nitrogenous fertilizer,
Adding water to water with urea 5kg/ mu and executing, the rapid hourly water demand of watermelon growing is relatively more, and particularly expanding stage is to the demand of moisture the most
Urgently.
Preferably, lid last layer wet gauze again above described step (3) seed.
Preferably, described step (5) cultivation medium formula: stalk 20~30kg, coconut palm chaff 10~20kg, rice bran 10~
20kg, filter mud 20~30kg, cow dung 5~15kg, vermiculite 5~15kg.
Preferably, adding zymophyte in described step (5) matrix, mulch film on hypothallus upper cover, in 20~30 DEG C of temperature
Under, seal 20~30d.
Preferably, described step (6) carries the soil a few days ago will planted and waters permeable.
Preferably, the 7th day of described step (8) watermelon Post flowering, when fruit starts to expand rapidly, 15~21 kilograms every mu
Urea and 15~21 kilograms of potassium sulfates.
Preferably, the front 7~11d of described step (8) watermelon harvesting stops watering.
Beneficial effect: the invention provides a kind of growth of watermelon method, above described seed, lid last layer wet gauze has again
It is beneficial to the germination of seed, the formula of described cultivation matrix, it is provided that the nutrition needed for watermelon growing, matrix adds fermentation
Bacterium, mulch film on hypothallus upper cover, make nutrient in matrix be absorbed by melon seedling, the described soil a few days ago will planted that carries irrigates
Water, can improve the survival rate of melon seedling, the 7th day of watermelon Post flowering, when fruit starts to expand rapidly, to watermelon apply urea and
Potassium sulfate, can improve the yield of watermelon, watermelon head size, and described watermelon stops watering before plucking, and can improve the sweet of watermelon
Degree, the present invention can reduce cost, economize the land resource, and improves land utilization ratio, increases economic benefit, the anti-Chu Naiyun of watermelon, individual
Big, in good taste, there are wide market prospects.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1:
A kind of growth of watermelon method, comprises the steps:
(1) bask seeds
Seed is positioned under sunlight solarization 2h, to improve germination capacity of seeds;
(2) soak seed
The seed shining, with the water seed soaking 6 hours of 30 DEG C, is then pulled out, rubs the mucous membrane going on seed with the hands, with 800 times of liquid
Good fortune more than 60% or 70% good fortune first sulphur wettable powder soak 4 hours again, and taking-up clear water rinses liquid well;
(3) vernalization
The seed having soaked is lain on ventilative filter paper, is placed on vernalization under the constant temperature of 33 DEG C, lid last layer again above described seed
Wet gauze;
(4) nursery
It by the seed after vernalization, is placed on nursery in 22 DEG C of environment in seedlings nursing plate, seedling raising process makes seedlings nursing plate keep moistening;
(5) wholely
Select loosing soil, good permeability, the good soil of energy drainage performance, the pH of regulation soil, make soil pH value be 6, to melon
Deep ploughing in field, offers Gua Gou, is provided with the ridge of a width of 40 centimetres, and executes matrix in described melon ditch between described melon ditch,
Described cultivation medium formula: stalk 20kg, coconut palm chaff 10kg, rice bran 100kg, filter mud 20kg, cow dung 5kg, vermiculite 5kg, described base
Matter adds zymophyte, mulch film on hypothallus upper cover, at a temperature of 20 DEG C, seals 20d,;
(6) plant
At the cultivation layer of hypothallus top filling thickness 20cm, described cultivation layer is: 1 kg chicken manure joins 0.5kg soil ratio mixing,
Apply phosphorus acid salt two ammonium of 0.5Kg/m when applying by the length of ditch, watermelon seedlings kind is entered to cultivate in layer, the degree of depth of sowing
3cm, the soil that described plantation premise a few days ago will be planted waters permeable;
(7) prune
Taking out the climing phase, using how climing training type, each melon that every strain be grown is climing uniformly separately, Appropriate application sunlight, no
Can be overlapping, it is climing that strong wind to be prevented blows random melon, will press once climing, bear fruit first 7 days, spray 1 boron fertilizer;
(8) manage
The work such as weeding, ridging in carrying out when the climing long 40cm of watermelon, after transplanting, 7d executes slow seed manure, based on nitrogenous fertilizer, with urine
Element 5kg/ mu adds water to water and executes, and the rapid hourly water demand of watermelon growing is relatively more, and particularly expanding stage is the most urgent to the demand of moisture,
The 7th day of described watermelon Post flowering, when fruit starts to expand rapidly, every mu of 15 kilograms of urea and 15 kilograms of potassium sulfates, described west
Before melon is plucked, 7d stops watering.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of growth of watermelon method, comprises the steps:
(1) bask seeds
Seed is positioned under sunlight solarization 2h, to improve germination capacity of seeds;
(2) soak seed
The seed shining, with the water seed soaking 7 hours of 33 DEG C, is then pulled out, rubs the mucous membrane going on seed with the hands, with 800 times of liquid
Good fortune more than 60% or 70% good fortune first sulphur wettable powder soak 5 hours again, and taking-up clear water rinses liquid well;
(3) vernalization
The seed having soaked is lain on ventilative filter paper, is placed on vernalization under the constant temperature of 34 DEG C, lid last layer again above described seed
Wet gauze;
(4) nursery
It by the seed after vernalization, is placed on nursery in 21 DEG C of environment in seedlings nursing plate, seedling raising process makes seedlings nursing plate keep moistening;
(5) wholely
Select loosing soil, good permeability, the good soil of energy drainage performance, the pH of regulation soil, make soil pH value be 7, to melon
Deep ploughing in field, offers Gua Gou, is provided with the ridge of a width of 40 centimetres, and executes matrix in described melon ditch between described melon ditch,
Described cultivation medium formula: stalk 25kg, coconut palm chaff 15kg, rice bran 15kg, filter mud 25kg, cow dung 10kg, vermiculite 10kg, described base
Matter adds zymophyte, mulch film on hypothallus upper cover, at a temperature of 25 DEG C, seals 25d,;
(6) plant
At the cultivation layer of hypothallus top filling thickness 30cm, described cultivation layer is: 1 kg chicken manure joins 1kg soil ratio mixing,
Apply phosphorus acid salt two ammonium of 1Kg/m when applying by the length of ditch, watermelon seedlings kind is entered to cultivate in layer, degree of depth 4cm of sowing, institute
State the plantation soil that a few days ago will plant of premise and water permeable;
(7) prune
Taking out the climing phase, using how climing training type, each melon that every strain be grown is climing uniformly separately, Appropriate application sunlight, no
Can be overlapping, it is climing that strong wind to be prevented blows random melon, will press once climing, bear fruit first 7 days, spray 2 boron fertilizers;
(8) manage
The work such as weeding, ridging in carrying out when the climing long 45cm of watermelon, after transplanting, 7d executes slow seed manure, based on nitrogenous fertilizer, with urine
Element 5kg/ mu adds water to water and executes, and the rapid hourly water demand of watermelon growing is relatively more, and particularly expanding stage is the most urgent to the demand of moisture,
The 7th day of described watermelon Post flowering, when fruit starts to expand rapidly, every mu of 18 kilograms of urea and 18 kilograms of potassium sulfates, described west
Before melon is plucked, 9d stops watering.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of growth of watermelon method, comprises the steps:
(1) bask seeds
Seed is positioned under sunlight solarization 2h, to improve germination capacity of seeds;
(2) soak seed
The seed shining, with the water seed soaking 8 hours of 6 DEG C, is then pulled out, rubs the mucous membrane going on seed with the hands, with the 60% of 800 times of liquid
Many good fortune or 70% good fortune first sulphur wettable powder soak 6 hours again, and taking-up clear water rinses liquid well;
(3) vernalization
The seed having soaked is lain on ventilative filter paper, is placed on vernalization under the constant temperature of 35 DEG C, lid last layer again above described seed
Wet gauze;
(4) nursery
It by the seed after vernalization, is placed on nursery in 22 DEG C of environment in seedlings nursing plate, seedling raising process makes seedlings nursing plate keep moistening;
(5) wholely
Select loosing soil, good permeability, the good soil of energy drainage performance, the pH of regulation soil, make soil pH value be 8, to melon
Deep ploughing in field, offers Gua Gou, is provided with the ridge of a width of 40 centimetres, and executes matrix in described melon ditch between described melon ditch,
Described cultivation medium formula: stalk 30kg, coconut palm chaff 20kg, rice bran 20kg, filter mud 30kg, cow dung 15kg, vermiculite 15kg, described base
Matter adds zymophyte, mulch film on hypothallus upper cover, at a temperature of 30 DEG C, seals 30d,;
(6) plant
At the cultivation layer of hypothallus top filling thickness 40cm, described cultivation layer is: 1 kg chicken manure joins 1.5kg soil ratio mixing,
Apply phosphorus acid salt two ammonium of 1.5Kg/m when applying by the length of ditch, watermelon seedlings kind is entered to cultivate in layer, the degree of depth of sowing
5cm, the soil that described plantation premise a few days ago will be planted waters permeable;
(7) prune
Taking out the climing phase, using how climing training type, each melon that every strain be grown is climing uniformly separately, Appropriate application sunlight, no
Can be overlapping, it is climing that strong wind to be prevented blows random melon, will press once climing, bear fruit first 7 days, spray 3 boron fertilizers;
(8) manage
The work such as weeding, ridging in carrying out when the climing long 50cm of watermelon, after transplanting, 7d executes slow seed manure, based on nitrogenous fertilizer, with urine
Element 5kg/ mu adds water to water and executes, and the rapid hourly water demand of watermelon growing is relatively more, and particularly expanding stage is the most urgent to the demand of moisture,
The 7th day of described watermelon Post flowering, when fruit starts to expand rapidly, every mu of 21 kilograms of urea and 21 kilograms of potassium sulfates, described west
Before melon is plucked, 11d stops watering.
After process above, taking out sample respectively, measurement result is as follows:
Detection project | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Prior art index |
Survival rate (%) | 94 | 96 | 95 | 90 |
Yield (kg/667 m<sup>2</sup>) | 11000 | 12000 | 11500 | 10000 |
Sugariness | Typically | Sweet | Typically | Typically |
Can draw according to above table data, when embodiment 2 parameter, watermelon is than the survival of the watermelon after prior art plantation
Rate is high, and yield is high, and it is also high that sweetness ratio prior art is planted, and is both now more beneficial for the plantation of watermelon.
The invention provides a kind of growth of watermelon method, above described seed, lid last layer wet gauze is conducive to seed again
Germinate, the formula of described cultivation matrix, it is provided that the nutrition needed for watermelon growing, matrix adds zymophyte, at hypothallus
Mulch film on upper cover, makes nutrient in matrix be absorbed by melon seedling, and the described soil a few days ago will planted that carries waters permeable, can improve
The survival rate of melon seedling, the 7th day of watermelon Post flowering, when fruit starts to expand rapidly, apply urea and potassium sulfate to watermelon, permissible
Improving the yield of watermelon, watermelon head size, described watermelon stops watering before plucking, and can improve the sugariness of watermelon, and the present invention can
Reducing cost, economizing the land resource, improve land utilization ratio, increase economic benefit, the anti-Chu Naiyun of watermelon, head are big, in good taste,
There are wide market prospects.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention, not thereby limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, every utilize this
Equivalent structure or equivalence flow process that bright description is made convert, or are directly or indirectly used in other related technology necks
Territory, all in like manner includes in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.