CN103408371A - Formula for oyster mushroom cultivation material and preparation method for cultivation material - Google Patents
Formula for oyster mushroom cultivation material and preparation method for cultivation material Download PDFInfo
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- CN103408371A CN103408371A CN2013103536177A CN201310353617A CN103408371A CN 103408371 A CN103408371 A CN 103408371A CN 2013103536177 A CN2013103536177 A CN 2013103536177A CN 201310353617 A CN201310353617 A CN 201310353617A CN 103408371 A CN103408371 A CN 103408371A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention provides an oyster mushroom cultivation material which is characterized in that chestnut branch scraps, bracteal shell scraps and chestnut shell scraps are used as main raw materials, corncob, wheat bran, gypsum powder and the like are used as accessory materials, and water content of the cultivation material is 63 to 65%. The invention further provides a preparation method for the cultivation material. The invention has the following advantages: the chestnut branch scraps, the bracteal shell scraps and the chestnut shell scraps successively undergo exposure in the blazing sun for quite a long time, stacking and ageing and biological fermentation, so toxic bacteriostatic substances are removed and macromolecular substances are degraded, thereby facilitating absorption by mycelia of oyster mushrooms and allowing the mycelia to have vigorous growth; the ratio of the raw materials of the cultivation material is reasonable, the cultivation material has good permeability and strong water retention performance, the number of effective mushrooms is great, and biological efficiency reaches 130.2 to 140.5%; and the channel of cultivation raw materials is broadened, and production cost is substantially reduced.
Description
Technical field
Content of the present invention comprises the Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material compatibility, and the making method of this planting material, belongs to the fungus growing technique field.
Background technology
Chinese chestnut tree is Fagaceae Castanea nuts plant, and its fruit is the famous Traditional Agricultural byproduct of China.China is the first big producing country of Chinese chestnut, and according to the statistics of Food and Argriculture OrganizationFAO (FAO), to the end of the year in 2009, the Chinese Chestnut cultivated area was 200,000 hm2, and ultimate production is about 1,090,000 t, accounts for 77% of Gross World Product.
In Chinese chestnut production and the course of processing, can produce three class wastes.The one, the branch produced after pruning.China's Chinese chestnut cultivated area is large, 700,000 tons of the branch Yue Keda that the pruning of annual Cong Li garden falls, however these branches are not reasonably utilized, and major part is used as fuel wood; The 2nd, shell, have another name called luxuriant shell, Li Peng, Li Pu shell, it is the waste stayed after collecting Chinese chestnut, general every 100kg Chinese chestnut just means the dry luxuriant shell that 60kg-90kg is arranged, these luxuriant shells, draw materials easily, enormous amount, but done fuel except minority, all the other are often arbitrarily abandoned or let alone rots: the 3rd, and the chestnut shell, for the pericarp of Li Jianguo, namely plant skin, account for 10% of chestnut fruit weight, the chestnut shell is to produce in the Chinese chestnut course of processing, aboundresources and concentrating, but most of enterprise processes it as waste, both increased production cost, again contaminate environment.
The Chinese chestnut branch, texture of wood is tight, and in unit volume, content of lignin is high; The bud shell, contain higher nutritive substance, and according to surveying and determination, luxuriant shell contains crude protein 8.78%, carbon 39.04%, nitrogen 1.348%; The chestnut shell, contain the compositions such as Mierocrystalline cellulose, xylogen, and wherein content of cellulose reaches 48%, and xylogen accounts for 28.5%.Above these components, can grow essential carbon source, nitrogenous source is provided for edible fungi growth.But chestnut branch, luxuriant shell, these three kinds of materials of chestnut shell also contain the materials such as tannin, wax, can suppress the growth of hypha of edible fungus, therefore must effectively process, make these antibacterial substances be decomposed and volatilize.The method of processing comprises: sunlight exposure, accumulation ageing and biological fermentation etc.After treatment, owing to having removed the objectionable impurities that affects the hypha of edible fungus growth, therefore be suitable for the growth of wood rotting fungi.
Flat mushroom is a kind of wood-decay fungi, has very strong decomposition xylogen, cellulosic ability.Edible mushrooms Main Cultivation raw material (cotton seed hulls, wood chip) increasingly the shortage today, if chestnut branch, luxuriant shell, these waste wood matter substitution of resources woods material cultivating white mushrooms of chestnut shell, be not only this behave of falling of an Edible Fungi, but also be a circular agriculture and environmental protection cause behave.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has following two aspects:
1, a kind ofly take chestnut branch, luxuriant shell, the chestnut shell Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material compatibility as main raw material
2, the making method of planting material
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material compatibility has following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 25%-35%, luxuriant shell bits 22%-28%, chestnut shell bits 15%-19%, corn cob 20%, wheat bran 5%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 2%, be all the quality of dry-matter, and the proportioning sum is 100%.
Chestnut branch bits: dry, be ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm, be deposited in air seasoning place, ageing 1 year.
Bud shell bits: be exposed to the sun, be ground into the following particle of particle diameter 3mm (preventing the long sack that punctures of luxuriant shell thorn), be deposited in air seasoning place, ageing 1 year.
Chestnut shell bits: be ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm after the chestnut shell that fresh nothing is gone mouldy is exposed to the sun, be deposited in air seasoning place, ageing 1 year.
Corn cob: through drying, be ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm.Add corn cob both to improve planting material sugar and vitamin contents, strengthened again water retention capacity.
Lime powder, terra alba: regulate, stablize the planting material potential of hydrogen, increase calcium, sulphur nutritive ingredient.
The making method of planting material, comprise the steps:
1. shine material: the 1d-2d that before spice, raw material is exposed to the sun, utilize ultraviolet ray to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material, make simultaneously antibacterial substance decompose volatilization;
2. prewet: first chestnut branch bits, luxuriant shell bits, chestnut shell bits are turned evenly under drying regime, thereafter with 2% lime aqueous solution prewet (fully drenching);
3. the fermentation of banking up: wet feed is piled to high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the planting material of every heap is controlled at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, then on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
4. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 ℃, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and turning every day later once, when turning for the third time, add the auxiliary materials such as corn cob, wheat bran, terra alba, and the water content of looking windrow keeps the skin wet, turning number of times 4-5 time altogether, time remaining 6d-7d, while stopping fermentation, the water content of culture material is 63%-65%, and fermentation material is after heat radiation, furrow, sowing be can directly spread, bacterium, management of producing mushroom sent out routinely.
The present invention be take chestnut branch bits, luxuriant shell bits, chestnut shell bits and is main raw material, is aided with the auxiliary materials such as corn cob, wheat bran, terra alba, makes Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material.Its advantage is: the one, and chestnut branch bits, luxuriant shell bits, chestnut shell bits, process by sunlight exposure, accumulation ageing and biological fermentation, both removed poisonous bacteriostatics, makes again the macromolecular substance degraded, is conducive to the absorption of hypha of Pleurotus ostreatus, and the mycelia growing way is vigorous; The 2nd, the planting material reasonable ratio, bacterium material good permeability, water-retentivity are strong, and effectively mushroom quantity is many, and its biological efficiency reaches 130.2%-140.5%; The 3rd, widened the culturing raw material channel, greatly reduce production cost.
Embodiment
Mode 1: in the present embodiment, Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material comprises following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 25%, and luxuriant shell bits 28%, chestnut shell bits 19%, corn cob 20%, wheat bran 5%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 2%, be all the quality of dry-matter, the proportioning sum is 100%.
Making method:
1. shine material: 2d is exposed to the sun raw material before spice;
2. prewet: first chestnut branch bits, luxuriant shell bits, chestnut shell bits are turned evenly under drying regime, thereafter with 2% lime aqueous solution prewet (fully drenching):
3. the fermentation of banking up: wet feed is piled to high 1.2m, and the trapezoidal heap of wide 3m, after carrying out heap, pat surrounding, then on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 15cm, and at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
4. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 ℃, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and later turning every day once, adds the auxiliary materials such as corn cob, wheat bran, terra alba when turning for the third time, and the water content of looking windrow keeps the skin wet, turning number of times totally 5 times, time remaining 7d, while stopping fermentation, the water content of culture material is 63%-65%.
Fermentation material, after heat radiation, directly spreads furrow, sowing, sends out routinely bacterium, management of producing mushroom.
Mode 2: in the present embodiment, Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material comprises following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 30%, and luxuriant shell bits 25%, chestnut shell bits 17%, corn cob 20%, wheat bran 5%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 2%, be all the quality of dry-matter, the proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.
Mode 3: in the present embodiment, Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material comprises following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 35%, and luxuriant shell bits 22%, chestnut shell bits 15%, corn cob 20%, wheat bran 5%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 2%, be all the quality of dry-matter, the proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.
The impact of the planting material of table different modes on the flat mushroom biological efficiency
Unit: %
Mode | Chestnut branch bits | Bud shell bits | Chestnut shell bits | Corn cob | Wheat bran | Terra alba | Lime powder | Biological efficiency |
1 | 25 | 28 | 19 | 20 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 130.2 |
2 | 30 | 25 | 17 | 20 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 136.3 |
3 | 35 | 22 | 15 | 20 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 140.5 |
Claims (8)
1. a Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material, is characterized in that containing following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 25%-35%, luxuriant shell bits 22%-28%, chestnut shell bits 15%-19%, corn cob 20%, wheat bran 5%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 2%, be all the quality of dry-matter, and the proportioning sum is 100%.
2. a kind of Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described chestnut branch bits are the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm, dry and are deposited in air seasoning place, ageing 1 year.
3. a kind of Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described luxuriant shell bits, for the following particle of particle diameter 3mm, are deposited in air seasoning place, ageing 1 year after being exposed to the sun, pulverizing.
4. a kind of Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described chestnut shell bits are the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm, are deposited in air seasoning place after being exposed to the sun, pulverizing, ageing 1 year.
5. a kind of Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described corn cob particle diameter is controlled at 4mm-5mm.
6. a kind of Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described wheat bran is wheat separates in processing flour process wheat cortex.
7. the making method of the Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material described in a claim 1-6 is characterized in that:
1. shine material: the 1d-2d that before spice, raw material is exposed to the sun, utilize ultraviolet ray to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material, make simultaneously antibacterial substance decompose volatilization;
2. prewet: first chestnut branch bits, luxuriant shell bits, chestnut shell bits are turned evenly under drying regime, thereafter with 2% lime aqueous solution prewet (fully drenching);
3. the fermentation of banking up: wet feed is piled to high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the planting material of every heap is controlled at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, then on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
4. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 ℃, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and later turning every day once, adds the auxiliary materials such as corn cob, wheat bran, terra alba when turning for the third time, and the water content of looking windrow keeps the skin wet, turning number of times 4-5 time altogether, time remaining 6d-7d, while stopping fermentation, the water content of culture material is 63%-65%.
8. utilize the making method of the Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material described in claim 1-7, it is characterized in that fermentation material, after heat radiation, can directly spread furrow, sowing, send out routinely bacterium, management of producing mushroom.
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Cited By (8)
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CN104003770A (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2014-08-27 | 李宝来 | Method for manufacturing edible fungus medium by means of fruit tree branches, juice residues and rotten and defective fruits |
CN104137735A (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2014-11-12 | 焦育林 | Energy-saving edible fungi cultivation method |
CN104429624A (en) * | 2015-01-03 | 2015-03-25 | 邬方成 | Oyster mushroom cultivation method |
CN104488567A (en) * | 2015-01-18 | 2015-04-08 | 邬金飞 | Pleurotus cornucopiae cultivation method |
CN105272702A (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2016-01-27 | 济南舜昊生物科技有限公司 | Oyster mushroom compost and preparation method thereof |
CN107434516A (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2017-12-05 | 杨青 | A kind of new Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material |
CN107434574A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2017-12-05 | 临桂铭泰果蔬农民专业合作社 | A kind of planting material for improving Agrocybe aegerita yield |
CN113615481A (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2021-11-09 | 海南华创槟榔研究院 | Culture medium for culturing oyster mushrooms, preparation method and application of culture medium and method for culturing oyster mushrooms |
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104003770A (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2014-08-27 | 李宝来 | Method for manufacturing edible fungus medium by means of fruit tree branches, juice residues and rotten and defective fruits |
CN104137735A (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2014-11-12 | 焦育林 | Energy-saving edible fungi cultivation method |
CN104429624A (en) * | 2015-01-03 | 2015-03-25 | 邬方成 | Oyster mushroom cultivation method |
CN104488567A (en) * | 2015-01-18 | 2015-04-08 | 邬金飞 | Pleurotus cornucopiae cultivation method |
CN105272702A (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2016-01-27 | 济南舜昊生物科技有限公司 | Oyster mushroom compost and preparation method thereof |
CN107434516A (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2017-12-05 | 杨青 | A kind of new Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material |
CN107434574A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2017-12-05 | 临桂铭泰果蔬农民专业合作社 | A kind of planting material for improving Agrocybe aegerita yield |
CN113615481A (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2021-11-09 | 海南华创槟榔研究院 | Culture medium for culturing oyster mushrooms, preparation method and application of culture medium and method for culturing oyster mushrooms |
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