CN101953266A - Plastic bag cultivation method of oyster mushrooms - Google Patents
Plastic bag cultivation method of oyster mushrooms Download PDFInfo
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- CN101953266A CN101953266A CN2009100599892A CN200910059989A CN101953266A CN 101953266 A CN101953266 A CN 101953266A CN 2009100599892 A CN2009100599892 A CN 2009100599892A CN 200910059989 A CN200910059989 A CN 200910059989A CN 101953266 A CN101953266 A CN 101953266A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a plastic bag cultivation method of oyster mushrooms. Artificial plastic bag cultivation is carried out by using 44-66 percent by weight of wood pellets of magnolia branches after bark removal as a main culture medium and matching with the balance of other conventional culture medium contents which have a total C/N (Carbon/Nitrogen) ratio of 20-40 to 1. The wood pellets of the magnolia branches, which are fully soaked in water, are evenly mixed with other contents, sterilized, inoculated and cultured under a temperature condition suitable for the growth habits of the oyster mushrooms so as to obtain finished oyster products. The oyster products cultured by using the method have higher yield and protein content which are increased by 15-20 percent compared with the conventional culture method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of culturing edible fungi, specifically is the pocket type cultivation method of flat mushroom bacterium.
Background technology
Flat mushroom is all good edible mushrooms of a kind of taste, nutrition.The flat mushroom of producing mostly is greatly and adopts conventional medium cultivation such as cotton seed hulls, sorghum husk, corncob, straw, wheat bran to obtain at present.Conventional cultivation method mainly contains soil covering culture method and pocket type cultivation method.The basic process of soil covering culture method is indoor bacterium, outdoor soil covering culture.The method of pocket type cultivation, be to cultivate in the bag packing into according to the medium of mushroom growth desired nutritional cellulosic material preparation, with flat mushroom strain habit of growth, condition under the temperature condition that adapts to, indoor bacterium, cultivation and fruiting, basic process is: the issuance of materials-spice of medium-pack-sterilization-mycelia management-fruiting.In pocket type cultivation method process, because the rise of the price of medium material is at present constantly increased the cultivation cost, profit descends.In recent years, though there are some utilizations to comprise the residue of Different Industries such as fruit class, Chinese medicine class, careless class, ight soil class, discarded object is used for culturing edible fungus as the medium material report, but all do not become ripe culture technique as yet, restricted the development of mushroom cultivation industry.
Summary of the invention
At above-mentioned situation, the present invention will provide the pocket type cultivation method of a kind of new flat mushroom bacterium, not only can enlarge source, and can make the output of resulting flat mushroom finished product and Protein content thereof all can be much higher than the conventional cultivation method as the materials media material.
Flat mushroom bacterium pocket type cultivation method of the present invention, be as main medium with the wood pellet of removing the bark of official magnolia limb behind the bark, the conventional medium component that is aided with other, carry out artificial pocket type cultivation, wherein the wood pellet of bark of official magnolia limb accounts for 44%～66% of medium gross weight, all the other are conventional medium component, and the total C/N in the medium component is than being (20～40)/1, and wherein total C/N ratio is preferably 30/1.Wood pellet and other composition of abundant waterlogged bark of official magnolia limb are mixed, inoculate after the sterilization treatment, under the temperature condition that adapts with the flat mushroom strain habit of growth, cultivate, obtain the flat mushroom finished product.
In the above-mentioned cultivation method, said bark of official magnolia limb wood pellet as main medium generally should not be too in small, broken bits, otherwise after fully being soaked into by water, because of the too small meeting of granularity causes the gas permeability variation of medium, the hypha of edible fungus that can make gas is because of the anoxic poor growth.Granularity is excessive, then except that the slit because of storeroom in the bag pollutes than Da Yi, also causes the breakage of medium packing bag easily.Test shows, its granularity generally be not less than (1～1.5cm) * (1～1.5cm) * (under 0.1～0.15cm) the situation, can obtain desirable effect.
The said abundant saturated with water of wood pellet that makes bark of official magnolia limb, essential for keeping the required moisture of flat mushroom bacteria growing.Very few in the wood pellet of bark of official magnolia limb as water absorption, can influence mycelial growth because of moisture content in medium is not enough.The control that said water is fully soaked into, except that adopting the modes such as water absorption detects according to conventional experience, because to its water absorption is not that very strict quantification requirement is arranged, therefore can adopt easier mode, that is: make wood pellet anhydrous outflow when not being squeezed of the bark of official magnolia limb after the water logging, and when being subjected to slightly pushing (when for example using the hand pinching), get final product though as seen there is water to extrude still unlikely lasting trickling.
Analyze and the test demonstration, in the medium of said method of the present invention, bark of official magnolia wood chip material mainly can provide the required carbon element of flat mushroom bacteria growing and a spot of nitrogen, therefore, for controlling and adjust total C/N ratio of said medium component, when using said other conventional medium component, generally can select to provide the composition and/or the material of more nitrogens, one or more in Chang Yong corncob, cotton seed hulls, wheat bran, rice bran, the corn flour etc. for example, its ratio can be medium gross weight 30%～52%.In addition, growth needs according to the flat mushroom bacterium, also can replenish some as superphosphate, the total amount that magnesium sulfate etc. account for medium is at least 1% inorganic mineral nutritive element composition commonly used, and at least 3% gypsum and/or lime etc. are used to regulate the composition of pH regulator and sterilization.
According to the habit of growth characteristics of flat mushroom bacterium, its bacterial classification can have the narrower high temperature modification of accommodation, low form, and middle warm type and can have extensively difference such as adaptive wide warm type is to adapt to specific growth district.Test shows, the cultivation method that the present invention is above-mentioned all is suitable for for the flat mushroom strain cultivation of number of different types.With the widest wide warm type flat mushroom strain of accommodation is that example is cultivated.
The bark of official magnolia is a kind of traditional medicinal plant, and mainly going into drug material is its bark.Remove wooden bark of official magnolia limb behind the bark and all be at present as the offal treatment of no special usefulness.The above-mentioned cultivation method of the present invention has not only solved the medium that present mushroom cultivation faced and has selected problem, what also solved the bark of official magnolia limb measured greatly after skin is used as medicine utilizes problem again, turn waste into wealth, the more important thing is on the basis that does not change conventional cultivation, method of operating, can also make the output and the Protein content ratio thereof of flat mushroom obtain significantly to improve, have very high social effect and commercial value.
Embodiment by the following examples is described in further detail foregoing of the present invention again.But this should be interpreted as that the scope of the above-mentioned theme of the present invention only limits to following example.Do not breaking away under the above-mentioned technological thought situation of the present invention, various replacements or change according to ordinary skill knowledge and customary means are made all should comprise within the scope of the invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Be ground into (1～1.5cm) * (1～1.5cm) * (wood pellet of 0.1～0.15cm) size with removing the bark of official magnolia limb of drying behind the bark, by 100 bags (adopting the thick 43cm * 22cm of length and width * 0.3mm Polythene Bag), every packed 2 jin of siccatives calculate, take by weighing 132 jin of bark of official magnolia wood chips (66%), be soaked in water 7～10 days, it is fully absorbed water, but get final product to pinch the degree of soaking the wood pellet water breakthrough but not trickling with have gentle hands.Add corncob 13.5%, cotton seed hulls 9%, wheat bran 8%, land plaster 1%, pulverized limestone 2%, superphosphate 0.5%, spice, pack, sterilization (to 100 ℃, sterilization 24h ceases fire a vexed night behind the constant-pressure and high-temperature 4h).Choosing the assorted excellent bacterial strain of flat mushroom carries out open inoculation or inoculates in inoculating hood between the inoculation after the sterilization, after the inoculation bacterium bag is gone to the mushroom room, hair tube reason in the scope of 5 ℃～35 ℃ temperature, 70% following humidity, living contaminants is preserved moisture, prevented to the attention temperature adjustment, running check bacterium bag, if any growth or polluter in time do not reject processing, keep dark, every turning in 5～7 days once, it is neat to guarantee to send out bacterium.The fruiting phase notes breaking through damage by disease and insect, and the control temperature is at 22 ℃～25 ℃, and humidity gives certain scattered light about 90%, keep ventilation, should accomplish in time to open a bag deblocking, diligent water spray in the sporophore growth process, general 9-11 days, obtains the flat mushroom finished product.Its three damp mushroom output is 58.675kg, and protein content (butt %) is 23.0%.
Embodiment 2
Be ground into (1～1.5cm) * (1～1.5cm) * (wood pellet of 0.1～0.15cm) size with removing the bark of official magnolia limb of drying behind the bark, by 100 bags (adopting the thick 43cm * 22cm of length and width * 0.3mm Polythene Bag), every packed 2 jin of siccatives calculate, take by weighing 88 jin of bark of official magnolia wood chips (44%), be soaked in water 7～10 days, it is fully absorbed water, but get final product to pinch the degree of soaking the wood pellet water breakthrough but not trickling with have gentle hands.Add corncob 35.5%, cotton seed hulls 9%, wheat bran 8%, land plaster 1%, pulverized limestone 2%, superphosphate 0.5%, spice, pack, sterilization (to 100 ℃, sterilization 24h ceases fire a vexed night behind the constant-pressure and high-temperature 4h).Choosing the assorted excellent bacterial strain of flat mushroom carries out open inoculation or inoculates in inoculating hood between the inoculation after the sterilization, after the inoculation bacterium bag is gone to the mushroom room, hair tube reason in the scope of 5 ℃～35 ℃ temperature, 70% following humidity, living contaminants is preserved moisture, is prevented in the attention temperature adjustment, running check bacterium bag is if any growth or polluter in time do not reject processing, the maintenance dark, every turning in 5～7 days once, it is neat to guarantee to send out bacterium.The fruiting phase notes breaking through damage by disease and insect, and the control temperature is at 22 ℃～25 ℃, and humidity gives certain scattered light about 90%, keep ventilation, should accomplish in time to open a bag deblocking, diligent water spray in the sporophore growth process, general 9-11 days, obtains the flat mushroom finished product.Its three damp mushroom output is 47.675kg, and protein content (butt %) is 21.8%
Further carried out following contrast test with medium multi-form in the said method of the present invention with adopting present conventional medium.
1. bark of official magnolia wood chip preliminary treatment
Bark of official magnolia wood chip is stacked watering send to wood chip and fully absorb water, that is: make wood pellet anhydrous outflow when not being squeezed of the bark of official magnolia limb after the water logging, and when being subjected to slightly pushing (when for example using the hand pinching), get final product though as seen there is water to extrude still unlikely lasting trickling.
2. it is as shown in table 1 that different medium are formed mode.
3. cultivation method
3.1 spice
Various material are stirred, and regulate 60% of water accounts gross weight, the pH value of medium is 5.2～6.2.
The culture medium prescription (w%) of each group of table 1
3.2 pack
Adopt the thick 43cm * 22cm of length and width * 0.3mm Polythene Bag, charging degree of tightness appropriateness.
3.3 sterilization
To 100 ℃, sterilization 24h ceases fire a vexed night behind the constant-pressure and high-temperature 4h.
3.4 inoculation
Open inoculation or inoculating hood inoculation between the inoculation after the sterilization.
3.5 hair tube reason
Living contaminants is preserved moisture, is prevented in temperature adjustment.Under the standard environment condition, cultivate down at 22 ℃～25 ℃, during strengthen ventilation in indoor or the canopy, running check bacterium bag is found growth or is in time rejected processing by the bacterium bag of living contaminants.Keep dark to help mycelial growth as far as possible.Every turning in 5-7 days 1 time, it is neat to help the bacterium bag to send out bacterium, and humidity can effectively suppress varied bacteria growing below 70%.
3.6 management of producing mushroom
Take precautions against the infringement of mushroom fly, mushroom mosquito and mouse in the usual way.Under the standard environment condition, temperature is advisable to be controlled at 22 ℃～25 ℃, relative air humidity about 90%, gives certain scattered light, keeps ventilation.After the mushroom flower bud appearred in the bacterium bag, sack should all be opened, and was beneficial to the discharge with toxic gas of distributing of mycelia respiration heat, avoids the fruiting phase to burn bacterium, but will note diligent water spray when management, kept air humidity about 90%, prevented that charge level is dry and cracked.From buddingging, generally need 7～10 days to the fruit body maturation.
4. growth indexes: the mycelial growth situation and the fresh mushroom production comparative test of different composts or fertilisers of cultivating prescription groups are as shown in table 2.
Above-mentioned result of the test shows that when the bark of official magnolia wood chip ratio in the medium is 66% (C group), compare with routine group (CK group), its output and protein content are the highest; When the ratio of bark of official magnolia wood chip was 44%, though output does not have notable difference with conventional group, protein content still was higher than control group.Thereby prompting improves the bark of official magnolia wood chip ratio in the medium, the protein content in can corresponding raising gained flat mushroom product.Comprehensive growing state, output and nutrient component are analyzed, and the bark of official magnolia wood chip ratio in the medium can obtain satisfied effect in 44%～66% scope.
5. nutritive index:, as shown in table 3 to the comparison of the nutritional quality testing result of bright mushroom that different composts or fertilisers of cultivating produces.
The mycelial growth situation of the different composts or fertilisers of cultivating prescription of table 2 group and fresh mushroom production are relatively
The nutritional quality testing result of table 3 bright mushroom that different composts or fertilisers of cultivating produces relatively
Claims (5)
1. the pocket type cultivation method of flat mushroom bacterium, it is characterized in that with the wood pellet of removing the bark of official magnolia limb behind the bark as main medium, the conventional medium component that is aided with other, carry out artificial pocket type cultivation, wherein the wood pellet of bark of official magnolia limb accounts for 44%～66% of medium gross weight, all the other are conventional medium component, total C/N of medium component is than being (20～40)/1, wood pellet and other composition of abundant waterlogged bark of official magnolia limb are mixed, inoculate after the sterilization treatment, under the temperature condition that adapts with the flat mushroom strain habit of growth, cultivate, obtain the flat mushroom finished product.
2. the pocket type cultivation method of flat mushroom bacterium as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that total C/N ratio of said medium component is 30/1.
3. the pocket type cultivation method of flat mushroom bacterium as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that comprising in said other conventional medium component at least a in the cotton seed hulls that accounts for medium gross weight 30%～52%, corncob, the wheat bran, and account for the inorganic mineral nutritive element composition of medium total amount 〉=1% and 〉=3% gypsum or lime.
4. the pocket type cultivation method of flat mushroom bacterium as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that said flat mushroom strain is wide warm type bacterial classification, and cultivated through 70～90 days under 5 ℃～35 ℃ conditions the inoculation back, obtains the flat mushroom finished product.
5. the pocket type cultivation method of flat mushroom bacterium as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that said flat mushroom strain is wide warm type bacterial classification, and cultivated through 70～90 days under 5 ℃～35 ℃ conditions the inoculation back, obtains the flat mushroom finished product.
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| CN2009100599892A CN101953266A (en) | 2009-07-14 | 2009-07-14 | Plastic bag cultivation method of oyster mushrooms |
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| CN2009100599892A CN101953266A (en) | 2009-07-14 | 2009-07-14 | Plastic bag cultivation method of oyster mushrooms |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103030468A (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2013-04-10 | 北京农业生物技术研究中心 | Oyster mushroom culture medium and oyster mushroom culture method using same |
| CN103408371A (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2013-11-27 | 邬金飞 | Formula for oyster mushroom cultivation material and preparation method for cultivation material |
| CN104909928A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-09-16 | 桂林健成生物科技开发有限公司 | Application of seed coats/embryoid bodies and rhizomes obtained after harvesting of sprouting vegetables in cultivation of oyster mushrooms |
| CN105165388A (en) * | 2015-07-14 | 2015-12-23 | 襄汾县瑞益朋食用菌种植专业合作社 | Simple inoculum inoculation method |
| CN107820999A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-03-23 | 黄兴根 | A kind of inoculation method of oyster mushroom culture medium |
-
2009
- 2009-07-14 CN CN2009100599892A patent/CN101953266A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103030468A (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2013-04-10 | 北京农业生物技术研究中心 | Oyster mushroom culture medium and oyster mushroom culture method using same |
| CN103030468B (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2014-12-10 | 北京农业生物技术研究中心 | Oyster mushroom culture medium and oyster mushroom culture method using same |
| CN103408371A (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2013-11-27 | 邬金飞 | Formula for oyster mushroom cultivation material and preparation method for cultivation material |
| CN104909928A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-09-16 | 桂林健成生物科技开发有限公司 | Application of seed coats/embryoid bodies and rhizomes obtained after harvesting of sprouting vegetables in cultivation of oyster mushrooms |
| CN105165388A (en) * | 2015-07-14 | 2015-12-23 | 襄汾县瑞益朋食用菌种植专业合作社 | Simple inoculum inoculation method |
| CN107820999A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-03-23 | 黄兴根 | A kind of inoculation method of oyster mushroom culture medium |
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Application publication date: 20110126 |