CN103392589B - A kind of breeding of hybrid rice new method - Google Patents
A kind of breeding of hybrid rice new method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103392589B CN103392589B CN201310317162.3A CN201310317162A CN103392589B CN 103392589 B CN103392589 B CN 103392589B CN 201310317162 A CN201310317162 A CN 201310317162A CN 103392589 B CN103392589 B CN 103392589B
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Abstract
A kind of breeding of hybrid rice new method, relate to agricultural technology field, the present invention adopts the two-shipper technology of inserting to change traditional artificial transplanting pattern, have also been changed direct planting female parent easily to lodge disadvantageous situation, no matter what combination, kind resistant to lodging or not resistant to lodging, no matter be that all applicable this kind of method of high bar or short bar carries out the hybrid rice production of hybrid seeds, therefore has wide prospect in production of hybrid seeds field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural technology field, be specifically related to a kind of breeding of hybrid rice new method.
Background technology
The well-known hybrid rice production of hybrid seeds is a kind of with high content of technology, and the amount of labour used is large, and cost is high, the agricultural system engineering had a big risk, and along with the transfer that rural population are in recent years a large amount of to city, breeding of hybrid rice recruitment is difficult, and recruitment is expensive, the contradiction that cost is high.In order to reduce costs, improve the economic benefit of the production of hybrid seeds, the applicant deliberates repeatedly by seeding technique research for 2011, determine to carry out male parent transplanting and the new technical measures (call two-shipper in the following text and insert technology) of maternal transplanting achieve successfully at Chaohu Bai Hu seed breeding base more than 800 mu of area, per mu yield hybrid seed 274 jin, hybrid rice seed per jin 10 yuan, mu obtains benefit 2740 yuan, deduct cost 1800 yuan, mu obtain pure economic benefit 940 yuan, Benefit, enterprise and production of hybrid seeds family to the satisfaction of all.
Summary of the invention
It is simple that technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of method, is convenient to the breeding of hybrid rice new method implemented.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention realizes by the following technical solutions:
A kind of breeding of hybrid rice new method, concrete grammar step is as follows,
1, according to the Growing Characters of Parent, redefine the Parent sowing difference phase, traditional artificial transplanting mode or the Parent sowing gap stage of direct planting female parent can not be indiscriminately imitated, to guarantee this combination Parent flower synchronization;
2, technology inserted by Parent two-shipper, prerequisite is that floppy disk seedling is all taked in Parent seedling, first be put dish, broken bud before the sowing first determined by Parent in this combination and be placed in seedling-cultivation plate to dew point, seedling-cultivation plate divides two parts, a part is pallet, another part is the floppy disk of bud paddy implantation, several small opening is had bottom floppy disk, can leak, moisture on seedbed can be absorbed again, pallet and floppy disk are all plastic products, can reuse, its specification is 30cm*60cm, during operation, floppy disk is placed in pallet, place on bud paddy seeder and carry out continuous productive process, first step seedling-cultivation plate places Nutrition Soil, thickness 1.5cm, after flow process to the section of watering to sowing section broadcasts upper bud paddy equably, cover one deck Nutrition Soil again, thickness is not to reveal bud platform for degree, so far floppy disk seedling planting work completes substantially, floppy disk seedling is put dish quantity and is determined according to area, male parent every mu needs seedling 4 to coil, often coil the seed amount of broadcasting about 4000, mother need put dish 28 and to face left the right side, the same male parent of seeding quantity, Nutrition Soil makes with the loam of soft cleaning, shine or dry in the air 8 one-tenth and do, every 125KG joins 0.5KG seedling strengthen agent, after Homogeneous phase mixing upper cracker pulverize and sieve stack for subsequent use,
After seedling dish is set to, pile up neat, every 20 dishes are a buttress, every 10 buttress are a row, leave space between row and row and are about 20cm, be convenient to the circulation of air, cover waterproof cloth insulation, after 2 days, bud paddy founds pin and to be unearthed 1cm, moves and is put into prior smooth good seedbed, take out the floppy disk part in seedling dish, be placed on seedbed, can according to temperature height at that time, determine whether to cover non-woven fabrics, notice that on seedbed, soil will keep moistening, after waiting rice shoot 15-17 days, Parent all can transplant land for growing field crops.
3, transplant
Before this seed farm, stubble is wheat stubble, must flatten land for growing field crops, and before whole field, N, P, K content 16% composite fertilizer 50 jin makes base manure, and rotovator rotary tillage is buried, upper water leveling;
June 8 transplanted male parent, 17 days length of time rice seedlings grow, average 3.06 leaves of blade, height of seedling about 5cm, the male parent machine transplanting of rice two row, a line male parent is planted and is deep to 1cm, another row male parent is adjusted and is deep to 2.2cm, male parent to the same period is sowed is inserted and dark measure of inserting by shallow, two row male parents are made to pull open heading stage artificially, reach the effect of the second stage of male parent, production of hybrid seeds row compares 2:10, wide 6.9 chis in Parent railway carriage or compartment, line-spacing 30cm between male parent row, spacing in the rows 10cm, every cave 2-5 seedling, transplanting machine selects Japan's " closing well " SP-5 type hand transplanting machine, when playing rice shoot, rice shoot is rolled into tubular from floppy disk, place on rice planter seedling frame and balance, smooth out with the fingers along starting to transplant, Parent is transplanted and is terminated, field is kept to wipe severe edema due to hypofunction of the spleen layer, the 5 day time after alive, male parent row replacement urea 3.5kg/ mu, female parent spreads fertilizer over the fields urea 7kg, select highy potent herbicide to be blended in urea when combining maternal fertilising simultaneously, directly apply land for growing field crops, chemical weed control is carried out to seed farm weeds,
4, monitoring between Jointing stage and control measures, it is the key of these technology success or failure that two-shipper inserts whether seed production florescence meet, therefore panicle spike primordium differentiation stage stripping is looked into is the most important thing that we work, July 12, look into Parent and enter the shooting stage, the differentiation of indication rice young panicle is in the near future, get Parent stem July 15 and carry out microscopy, male parent enters first phase, female parent does not find, stripping on July 18 is looked into male parent and is found to enter the second phase, maternal field does not find, carry out microscopy, find that female parent enters first phase, July 23, Parent Spike development generally entered for three phases, two compare the maternal bigger male parent semiduation, time is about 1-2 days, according to the parents'growth impetus in field, think afterwards after deliberation and need go up deep water immediately, promote male parent growth rate, July 25, upper deep water is complete.July 28, Parent is all in the fourth phase, and the maternal fringe approximately early 1 day time, August 2, Parent Spike development was all in 6 phases, and it is up and down flat that sword-like leave is in pulvinus, so far can determine male parent transplanting, the maternal machine seedling florescence meets completely.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention changes traditional artificial transplanting pattern, have also been changed direct planting female parent easily to lodge disadvantageous situation, no matter what combination, kind resistant to lodging or not resistant to lodging, no matter be that all applicable this kind of method of high bar or short bar carries out the hybrid rice production of hybrid seeds, therefore there is wide prospect in production of hybrid seeds field.
Embodiment
The technological means realized to make the present invention, creation characteristic, reaching object and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, setting forth the present invention further.
Embodiment 1
A kind of breeding of hybrid rice new method, concrete grammar step is as follows,
1, according to the Growing Characters of Parent, redefine the Parent sowing difference phase, traditional artificial transplanting mode or the Parent sowing gap stage of direct planting female parent can not be indiscriminately imitated, to guarantee this combination Parent flower synchronization;
2, technology inserted by Parent two-shipper, prerequisite is that floppy disk seedling is all taked in Parent seedling, first be put dish, broken bud before the sowing first determined by Parent in this combination and be placed in seedling-cultivation plate to dew point, seedling-cultivation plate divides two parts, a part is pallet, another part is the floppy disk of bud paddy implantation, several small opening is had bottom floppy disk, can leak, moisture on seedbed can be absorbed again, pallet and floppy disk are all plastic products, can reuse, its specification is 30cm*60cm, during operation, floppy disk is placed in pallet, place on bud paddy seeder and carry out continuous productive process, first step seedling-cultivation plate places Nutrition Soil, thickness 1.5cm, after flow process to the section of watering to sowing section broadcasts upper bud paddy equably, cover one deck Nutrition Soil again, thickness is not to reveal bud platform for degree, so far floppy disk seedling planting work completes substantially, floppy disk seedling is put dish quantity and is determined according to area, male parent every mu needs seedling 4 to coil, often coil the seed amount of broadcasting about 4000, mother need put dish 28 and to face left the right side, the same male parent of seeding quantity, Nutrition Soil makes with the loam of soft cleaning, shine or dry in the air 8 one-tenth and do, every 125KG joins 0.5KG seedling strengthen agent, after Homogeneous phase mixing upper cracker pulverize and sieve stack for subsequent use,
After seedling dish is set to, pile up neat, every 20 dishes are a buttress, every 10 buttress are a row, leave space between row and row and are about 20cm, be convenient to the circulation of air, cover waterproof cloth insulation, after 2 days, bud paddy founds pin and to be unearthed 1cm, moves and is put into prior smooth good seedbed, take out the floppy disk part in seedling dish, be placed on seedbed, can according to temperature height at that time, determine whether to cover non-woven fabrics, notice that on seedbed, soil will keep moistening, after waiting rice shoot 15-17 days, Parent all can transplant land for growing field crops.
3, transplant
Before this seed farm, stubble is wheat stubble, must flatten land for growing field crops, and before whole field, N, P, K content 16% composite fertilizer 50 jin makes base manure, and rotovator rotary tillage is buried, upper water leveling;
June 8 transplanted male parent, 17 days length of time rice seedlings grow, average 3.06 leaves of blade, height of seedling about 5cm, the male parent machine transplanting of rice two row, a line male parent is planted and is deep to 1cm, another row male parent is adjusted and is deep to 2.2cm, male parent to the same period is sowed is inserted and dark measure of inserting by shallow, two row male parents are made to pull open heading stage artificially, reach the effect of the second stage of male parent, production of hybrid seeds row compares 2:10, wide 6.9 chis in Parent railway carriage or compartment, line-spacing 30cm between male parent row, spacing in the rows 10cm, every cave 2-5 seedling, transplanting machine selects Japan's " closing well " SP-5 type hand transplanting machine, when playing rice shoot, rice shoot is rolled into tubular from floppy disk, place on rice planter seedling frame and balance, smooth out with the fingers along starting to transplant, Parent is transplanted and is terminated, field is kept to wipe severe edema due to hypofunction of the spleen layer, the 5 day time after alive, male parent row replacement urea 3.5kg/ mu, female parent spreads fertilizer over the fields urea 7kg, select highy potent herbicide to be blended in urea when combining maternal fertilising simultaneously, directly apply land for growing field crops, chemical weed control is carried out to seed farm weeds,
4, monitoring between Jointing stage and control measures, it is the key of these technology success or failure that two-shipper inserts whether seed production florescence meet, therefore panicle spike primordium differentiation stage stripping is looked into is the most important thing that we work, July 12, look into Parent and enter the shooting stage, the differentiation of indication rice young panicle is in the near future, get Parent stem July 15 and carry out microscopy, male parent enters first phase, female parent does not find, stripping on July 18 is looked into male parent and is found to enter the second phase, maternal field does not find, carry out microscopy, find that female parent enters first phase, July 23, Parent Spike development generally entered for three phases, two compare the maternal bigger male parent semiduation, time is about 1-2 days, according to the parents'growth impetus in field, think afterwards after deliberation and need go up deep water immediately, promote male parent growth rate, July 25, upper deep water is complete.July 28, Parent is all in the fourth phase, and the maternal fringe approximately early 1 day time, August 2, Parent Spike development was all in 6 phases, and it is up and down flat that sword-like leave is in pulvinus, so far can determine male parent transplanting, the maternal machine seedling florescence meets completely.
More than show and describe general principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and specification just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.Application claims protection domain is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (4)
1. a hybrid rice seed breeding process, is characterized in that: concrete grammar step is as follows,
1) the Parent sowing difference phase is determined
According to the Growing Characters of Parent, redefine the Parent sowing difference phase, traditional artificial transplanting mode or the Parent sowing gap stage of direct planting female parent can not be indiscriminately imitated, to guarantee this combination Parent flower synchronization;
2) Parent two-shipper is inserted
Prerequisite is that floppy disk seedling is all taked in Parent seedling, first be put dish, vernalization is given to revealing point before first Parent in this combination being determined sowing, be placed in seedling-cultivation plate, seedling-cultivation plate divides two parts, a part is pallet, another part is the floppy disk of bud paddy implantation, several small opening is had bottom floppy disk, can leak, moisture on seedbed can be absorbed again, during operation, floppy disk is placed in pallet, place on bud paddy seeder and carry out continuous productive process, first step seedling-cultivation plate places Nutrition Soil, thickness 1.5cm, after flow process to the section of watering to sowing section broadcasts upper bud paddy equably, cover one deck Nutrition Soil again, thickness is not to reveal bud platform for degree, so far floppy disk seedling planting work completes, floppy disk seedling is put dish quantity and is determined according to area, male parent every mu needs seedling 4 to coil, often coil the seed amount of broadcasting about 4000, female parent need be put dish 28 and coil, often coil the seed amount of broadcasting about 4000,
3) seedbed is cultivated
After seedling dish is set to, pile up neat, every 20 dishes are a buttress, every 10 buttress are a row, leave space 20cm between row and row, are convenient to the circulation of air, cover waterproof cloth insulation, after 2 days, bud paddy founds pin and to be unearthed 1cm, moves and is put into prior smooth good seedbed, take out the floppy disk part in seedling dish, be placed on seedbed, according to temperature height at that time, determine whether to cover non-woven fabrics, notice that on seedbed, soil will keep moistening, after waiting rice shoot 15-17 days, Parent all transplants land for growing field crops;
4) transplant
Before seed farm, stubble is wheat stubble, must flatten land for growing field crops, and before whole field, N, P, K content 16% composite fertilizer 50 jin makes base manure, and rotovator rotary tillage is buried, upper water leveling;
June 8 transplanted male parent, 17 days length of time rice seedlings grow, average 3.06 leaves of blade, height of seedling about 5cm, the male parent machine transplanting of rice two row, a line male parent is planted and is deep to 1cm, another row male parent is adjusted and is deep to 2.2cm, male parent to the same period is sowed is inserted and dark measure of inserting by shallow, two row male parents are made to pull open heading stage artificially, reach the effect of the second stage of male parent, production of hybrid seeds row compares 2:10, wide 6.9 chis in Parent railway carriage or compartment, line-spacing 30cm between male parent row, spacing in the rows 10cm, every cave 2-5 seedling, Parent is transplanted and is terminated, field is kept to wipe severe edema due to hypofunction of the spleen layer, the 5 day time after alive, 3.5 thousand grams/acre, male parent row replacement urea, female parent spreads fertilizer over the fields 7 kilograms, urea, select highy potent herbicide to be blended in urea when combining maternal fertilising simultaneously, directly apply land for growing field crops, chemical weed control is carried out to seed farm weeds,
5) monitoring between Jointing stage and control measures
It is the key of success or failure that two-shipper inserts whether seed production florescence meet, it is the most important thing of work that panicle spike primordium differentiation stage stripping is looked into, July 12, look into Parent and enter the shooting stage, the differentiation of indication rice young panicle is in the near future, get Parent stem July 15 and carry out microscopy, male parent enters first phase, female parent does not find, stripping on July 18 is looked into male parent and is found to enter the second phase, maternal field does not find, carry out microscopy, find that female parent enters first phase, July 23, Parent Spike development generally entered for three phases, the binomial more maternal bigger male parent semiduation, time 1-2 days, according to the parents'growth impetus in field, think afterwards after deliberation and need go up deep water immediately, promote male parent growth rate, July 25, upper deep water is complete, July 28, Parent is all in the fourth phase, the maternal fringe early 1 day time, August 2, Parent Spike development was all in 6 phases, it is up and down flat that sword-like leave is in pulvinus, so far male parent transplanting is determined, the maternal transplanting florescence meets completely.
2. a kind of hybrid rice seed breeding process according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described pallet and floppy disk are all plastic products, can reuse, and the specification of seedling-cultivation plate is 30cm*60cm.
3. a kind of hybrid rice seed breeding process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Nutrition Soil makes the loam with soft cleaning, shine or dry in the air 8 one-tenths and do, every 125 kilograms of soil join 0.5 kilogram of seedling strengthen agent, and after Homogeneous phase mixing, to pulverize and sieve stacking for subsequent use for upper cracker.
4. a kind of hybrid rice seed breeding process according to claim 1, is characterized in that: transplanting machine during described transplanting selects hand transplanting machine, and when playing rice shoot, rice shoot is rolled into tubular from floppy disk, placement rice transplanter seedling frame being balanced, smoothing out with the fingers along starting to transplant.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103931448B (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2015-12-02 | 中国水稻研究所 | Hybrid rice production of hybrid seeds Parent machine transplanting of rice same period method |
| CN104303989B (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2016-08-17 | 浙江大学 | A kind of hybrid rice seed breeding process |
| CN104642028A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-05-27 | 巢湖市鑫宇良种农民专业合作社 | Cultivation method for selenium-rich hybrid rice |
| CN104642029A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-05-27 | 巢湖市鑫宇良种农民专业合作社 | High-yield paddy rice seedling-slinging cultivation method |
| CN106034882A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2016-10-26 | 玉屏县绿星农业开发有限公司 | Method for seed production of lodging-resistant hybrid rice |
| CN109673442A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-04-26 | 常德市农学会 | A kind of late hybrid rice is guaranteed the quality high-yield breeding method |
| CN110583394A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2019-12-20 | 定襄县农业技术推广中心 | Method for hybrid seed production of coordinated flowering phase and field full-seedling protection of millet |
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| CN101278633A (en) * | 2008-05-04 | 2008-10-08 | 中国水稻研究所 | Plate set type alms bowl shaped blanket-liked seedling-cultivation plate and method for raising seedling |
| CN102475055A (en) * | 2010-11-22 | 2012-05-30 | 大连兆阳软件科技有限公司 | Novel three-line method for mechanical production of hybrid rice seeds |
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| JPH08289686A (en) * | 1995-04-21 | 1996-11-05 | Mitsui Toatsu Chem Inc | Production of rice f1 hybrid seed |
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| CN101278633A (en) * | 2008-05-04 | 2008-10-08 | 中国水稻研究所 | Plate set type alms bowl shaped blanket-liked seedling-cultivation plate and method for raising seedling |
| CN102475055A (en) * | 2010-11-22 | 2012-05-30 | 大连兆阳软件科技有限公司 | Novel three-line method for mechanical production of hybrid rice seeds |
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