CN103378840A - 基于信号变化速率感测用户输入的接近开关总成及方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供一种接近开关总成和用于检测接近开关总成开启的方法。该总成包括多个接近开关,其每个都具有用于提供感测开启场的接近传感器,以及控制电路,其处理每个接近开关的开启场以感测开启。总成和方法检测与每个接近开关关联的信号、判定与第一开关关联的信号的变化速率和与邻近的第二开关关联的信号的变化速率、并且根据第一信号变化速率和第二信号变化速率中的至少一个判定是否开启第一开关。
Description
技术领域
本发明总体上涉及开关,更具体地,涉及具有增强的开关开启判定的接近开关。
背景技术
机动车辆通常配备有各种用户可促动的开关,例如用于操作包括电动车窗、前照灯、挡风玻璃雨刮器、玻璃天窗或天窗、车内灯、广播和娱乐信息设备、以及各种其他设备的开关。通常,需要由使用者促动这些类型的开关,以开启或停止设备或者执行某种类型的控制功能。接近开关,例如电容开关,采用一个或者多个接近传感器生成感测开启场(sense activation field),并感测指示使用者促动开关的开启场变化,其通常由使用者手指非常接近或者接触传感器引起。电容开关通常配置为根据对感测开启场与阈值的比较来检测用户促动开关。
开关总成经常采用多个相互非常接近的电容开关,并且通常需要使用者选择期望的单个电容开关来执行预期操作。在某些应用中,例如在汽车中的使用,由于驾驶者注意力分散,车辆的驾驶者查看开关的能力受限。在这些应用中,需要容许使用者探索开关总成以寻找特定按钮同时避免过早判定开关开启。因此,需要辨别使用者是打算开启开关、还是只是在专注于高优先级任务例如驾驶的同时探索特定的开关按钮、还是无意开启开关。因此,需要提供一种接近开关装置,其改善例如车辆驾驶者对接近开关的使用。
发明内容
根据本发明的一个方面,提供一种开启接近开关的方法。该方法包括检测与第一接近开关关联的第一信号和与邻近的第二接近开关关联的第二信号的步骤。该方法还包括确定第一信号的第一变化速率和第二信号的第二变化速率的步骤。该方法进一步包括基于第一信号变化速率和第二变化速率中的至少一个开启第一开关的步骤。
根据本发明的另一方面,提供一种开启接近开关的方法。该方法包括检测与第一接近开关关联的第一信号以及与邻近的第二接近开关关联的第二信号的步骤。该方法还包括确定第二信号的变化速率的步骤。该方法进一步包括基于第一信号和第二信号的变化速率开启第一开关的步骤。
根据本发明的另一方面,提供一种接近开关总成。该接近开关总成包括多个接近开关,每个接近开关包含用于提供感测开启场的接近传感器。该接近开关总成还包括控制电路,该控制电路处理每个接近开关的开启场、检测与第一接近开关联的第一信号和与邻近的第二接近开关关联的第二信号、确定第一信号的第一变化速率和第二信号的第二变化速率、以及基于第一信号变化速率和第二信号变化速率中的至少一个判定是否开启第一开关。
本领域技术人员通过研究以下说明书、权利要求、以及附图将会理解并且认识到本发明的这些以及其他方面、目的、和特征。
附图说明
图1是具有顶置控制台的机动车辆乘客舱的透视图,该顶置控制台采用根据一实施例的接近开关总成;
图2是图1中示出的顶置控制台和接近开关总成的放大视图;
图3是通过图2中的III-III线取得的放大截面图,其示出了接近开关相对于使用者手指的排列;
图4是图3中示出的每个电容开关所采用的电容传感器的示意图;
图5是示出根据一实施例的接近开关总成的框图;
图6是示出与两个邻近的电容传感器关联的两个信号信道(channel)的信号计数(signal count)的曲线图,其示出了开启运动曲线;
图7是示出根据一实施例的执行开启开关总成的开关的方法的例程的流程图;以及
图8-8B是示出处理开关开启和开关释放的流程图;
具体实施方式
按照规定,在此公开本发明的具体实施例;然而,应当理解,公开的实施例仅为本发明的示例,其可以实施为各种替代形式。附图不一定是具体设计;某些示意图可以放大或缩小以示出功能概况。因此,本发明公开的具体结构和功能细节不应被解释为限制,而仅仅是作为教导本领域技术人员不同地使用本发明的典型基础。
参照图1和2,根据一实施例,车辆10内部总体上显示为具有乘客舱和开关总成20,开关总成20采用多个接近开关22,接近开关22具有开关开启监控和判定。车辆10总体上包括装配在车辆乘客舱顶部的车顶或天花板下侧的顶棚上的顶置控制台12,其总体上处在前排乘客座位区上方。根据一实施例,开关总成20具有在顶置控制台12上相互邻近安置的多个接近开关22。各种接近开关22可以控制若干车辆装置和功能中的任意一个,例如控制天窗或玻璃天窗16的运动、控制天窗遮阳板18的运动、控制一个或多个照明设备、例如内部地图/阅读灯和顶灯30的开启,以及控制各种其他装置和功能。然而,应当认识到,接近开关22可以位于车辆10的其他位置,例如位于仪表板、位于其他控制台例如中央控制台、结合到广播或信息娱乐系统、例如导航和/或音频显示器的触屏显示器14、或者根据不同的车辆应用位于车辆10内的其他位置。
根据一实施例,接近开关22在此表示和描述为电容开关。每个接近开关22包括至少一个接近传感器,接近传感器提供感测开启场,以感测使用者接触或者非常接近(例如1毫米之内)一个或者多个接近传感器,例如使用者手指擦过的动作。因此,在示例性实施例中每个接近开关22的感测开启场是电容电场,并且,对本领域技术人员应当显而易见的是,使用者的手指具有导电性和介电性能,其引起感测开启场中的变化和扰动。然而,本领域技术人员应当认识到,也可以使用另外或替代类型的接近传感器,例如但是不限于,感应传感器、光学传感器、温度传感器、电阻传感器等等、或者其组合。2009年4月9日的触摸传感器设计指南,10620D-AT42-04/09,中描述了示例性接近传感器,该参考文献的全部内容在此通过引用并入本发明。
图1和2示出的接近开关22每个都提供对车辆部件或装置的控制,或者提供指定的控制功能。一个或多个接近开关22可以专用于控制天窗或玻璃天窗16的运动,以便根据控制算法使玻璃天窗16向开启或者关闭方向移动、倾斜玻璃天窗、或者停止玻璃天窗的移动。一个或多个其他接近开关22可以专用于控制玻璃天窗遮阳板18在开启和关闭位置之间移动。玻璃天窗16和遮阳板18每个可以响应于相应的接近开关22的促动而被电动机促动。其他接近开关22可以专用于控制其他装置,例如开启内部地图/阅读灯30、关闭内部地图/阅读灯30、开启或关闭顶灯、解锁行李箱、开启后车门、或者消除门灯开关。其他通过接近开关22的控制可以包括促动车门电动窗上升或下降。通过本发明所描述的接近传感器22可以控制各种其他车辆控制器。
参照图3,其中示出了开关总成20使用过程中相对于使用者手指34的接近开关总成20的一部分,其具有3个彼此密切靠近的顺次排列的接近开关22的阵列。中间接近开关22在左右两边都具有邻近的接近开关22。每个接近开关22包括一个或者多个用于生成感测开启场的接近传感器24。根据一实施例,可以通过将导电油墨印刷在聚合物顶置控制台12的上表面来形成每个接近传感器24。图4中示出了一个总体上具有驱动电极26和接收电极28的印刷油墨接近传感器24的实例,驱动电极26和接收电极28每个具有用于生成电容电场32的交叉指状元件。应当认识到,可以以其他方式制成每个接近传感器24,例如,根据另外的实施例,通过将预制的导电电路布线装配到基板上。驱动电极26接收以电压VI施加的方波驱动脉冲。接收电极28具有用于生成输出电压VO的输出。应当认识到,可以将电极26和28安置为各种其他结构,以生成如开启场32的电容电场。
在此处示出和描述的实施例中,向每个接近传感器24的驱动电极26施加方波脉冲电压输入VI,该方波脉冲具有足以将接收电极28充电为期望电压的充电脉冲周期。因此接收电极28用作测量电极。在示出的实施例中,相邻的或邻近的接近开关22生成的相邻感测开启场32轻微重叠,然而,根据其他的实施例,可以不存在重叠。当使用者或者操作者,例如使用者的手指34,进入开启场32,接近开关总成20检测到手指34对开启场32造成的扰动,并且判定该扰动是否足以开启相应的接近开关22。通过处理与相应的信号信道(signal channel)关联的充电脉冲信号(charge pulse signal)来检测开启场32的扰动。当使用者的手指34接触两个开启场32时,接近开关总成20通过单独的信号信道检测两个接触到的开启场32的扰动。每个接近开关22具有其自身专用的生成充电脉冲计数的信号信道,如本发明所述地处理该充电脉冲计数。
参照图5,其根据一实施例示出了接近开关总成20。将多个接近传感器24示出为向控制器40,例如微控制器,提供输入。控制器40可以包括控制电路,例如微处理器42和存储器48。控制电路可以包括传感控制电路,传感控制电路处理每个传感器22的开启场,以按照一个或者多个控制例程通过将开启场信号与一个或多个阈值相比较来感测使用者开启相应的开关。应当认识到,其他模拟和/或数字控制电路也可以用于处理每个开启场,判定使用者开启,并且起动动作。根据一实施例,控制器40可以采用可用的QMatrix采集法(QMatrix acquisition method)。ATMEL采集法采用主机C/C++编译器和WinAVR调试程序简化开发和鹰眼实用程序的测试,鹰眼实用程序容许实时监控软件关键变量的内部状态以及收集数据日志用于后处理。
控制器40向一个或者多个装置提供输出信号,该一个或者多个装置配置为响应于检测到的接近开关的开启来执行专门动作。例如,一个或者多个装置可以包括具有使玻璃天窗面板在开启和关闭位置以及倾斜位置之间移动的电动机的玻璃天窗16、在开启和关闭位置之间移动的玻璃天窗遮阳板18、可以开启和关闭的照明设备30。可以控制其他设备,例如执行开启和关闭功能、音量控制、扫描的无线电设备、以及用于执行其他专用功能的其他类型设备。一个接近开关22可以专用于促动玻璃天窗关闭,另一接近开关22可以专用于促动玻璃天窗开启,另外的接近开关22可以专用于将玻璃天窗促动到倾斜位置,所有接近开关都会使电动机将玻璃天窗移动到所需位置。玻璃天窗遮阳板18可以响应于一个接近开关22而开启,并且可以响应于另一个接近开关22而关闭。
控制器40进一步示为具有耦合到微处理器(μP)42的模拟-数字(A/D)比较器(analog to digital(A/D)comparator)44。A/D比较器44接收来自每个接近开关22的电压输出VO,将模拟信号转换为数字信号,并且将数字信号提供给微处理器42。此外,控制器40包括耦合到微处理器42的脉冲计数器(pulsecounter)46。脉冲计数器46对施加到每个接近传感器的每个驱动电极的充电信号脉冲进行计数,执行所需脉冲的计数以对电容器充电,直到电压输出VO达到预设电压,并将该计数提供到微处理器42。脉冲计数是相应的电容传感器的电容变化的指示。控制器40进一步示为与脉冲宽度调制驱动缓冲器(pulse widthmodulated drive buffer)15通信。控制器40向脉冲宽度调制驱动缓冲器15提供脉冲宽度调制信号(pulse width modulated signal),以生成施加到每个接近传感器/开关22的每个驱动电极的方波脉冲序列VI。控制器40处理存储在存储器中的一个或多个控制例程,图中所示包括控制例程100和200,以监控并作出开启其中一个接近开关的判定。
控制例程100和200处理多个接近开关22,并执行感测使用者在开关上的输入以及开启与接近开关总成20关联的适当的接近开关的方法。该方法包括用每个与多个接近开关关联的多个接近传感器生成开启场的步骤,以及检测与多个接近传感器的每一个关联的由于用户存在的信号的步骤,所述接近传感器与接近开关关联。该方法还检测与第一接近开关关联的第一信号的峰值振幅并确定在峰值振幅检测后的第一信号的变化速率和与邻近的第二接近开关关联的第二信号的变化速率。该方法进一步判定是否基于第一信号的变化速率和第二信号的变化速率中的至少一个开启第一开关。当第一信号的变化速率和第二信号的变化速率大于阈值时,方法进一步进入探索模式。当第一信号的变化速率和第二信号的变化速率中的至少一个小于阈值时,方法判定当前信号信道开启。方法进一步对第一信号的变化速率的绝对值和第二信号的变化速率的绝对值加和、将加和值与阈值总和进行比较、并且当加和值小于阈值总和时开启当前信道开关。第一信号和第二信号两者的变化速率都在峰值信号检测后的一个时间间隔期间内判定。处理与多个开启场关联的最大振幅信号,以判定其中一个接近传感器的开启。
参照图6,根据一个实例示出了与图3中示出的两个邻近的(即相邻的)接近开关22关联的两个信号信道的传感器充电脉冲计数变化,示为Δ传感器计数(ΔSensor Count)。传感器充电脉冲计数的变化是无任何手指或其他物体出现在开启场中时的初始参考计数值与相应传感器读数之间的差值。在此实例中,当使用者手指移过开关阵列时,使用者手指进入与两个邻近的接近开关22中的每一个关联的开启场32,一般一次进入一个感测开启场,相邻的开启场32之间有重叠。由实线50A示出的信号信道1是与第一电容传感器24关联的传感器充电脉冲计数的变化(Δ),由虚线50B示出的信号信道2是与相邻的或邻近的第二电容传感器24关联的传感器充电脉冲计数的变化。在公开的实施例中,接近传感器24是电容传感器。当使用者手指接触或者非常接近传感器24时,手指改变相应传感器24上测量的电容。电容平行于未接触的传感器小键盘寄生电容(sensor pad parasitic capacitance),并且因此,测量值作为偏移量。使用者或者操作者感应的电容与使用者手指或者其他身体部分的介电常数、暴露于电容小键盘的表面成正比,并且与使用者肢体与开关按钮的距离成反比。根据一实施例,通过脉冲宽度调制(pulse width modulation,PWM)电子设备,使用一列电压脉冲激发每个传感器,直到将传感器充电至设定的电势。这种采集方法将接收电极28充电至已知电势。重复此循环,直到通过测量电容的电压达到预设电压。将使用者手指置于开关24的接触表面引入外部电容,该外部电容增加每个循环所传递的电荷量,从而减少测量电容达到预设电压所需的循环总数。因为该值是基于初始参考计数减去传感器读数,所以使用者手指引起传感器充电脉冲计数变化增加。
当手,尤其是手指,非常靠近接近传感器22时,接近开关总成20能够识别使用者的手部移动,以分辨使用者的意图是开启开关22,还是在专注于高优先级任务例如驾驶的同时探索特定的开关按钮,或者是与接近开关22的促动无关的任务的结果,例如调整后视镜。接近开关总成20可以在探索或搜索模式运行,该模式容许使用者通过将手指非常接近地经过或划过开关,来探索开关总成20的触摸传感器键盘或按钮而不会引起开关的开启,直到使用者的意图确定。接近开关总成20监控响应于用于每个开关的开启场而生成的信号的振幅,检测与开关中的一个关联的峰值信号,判定峰值检测后与第一开关关联的第一信号的变化速率,以及与邻近的第二开关关联的第二信号的变化速率,并且基于第一信号的信号变化速率和第二信号的变化速率判定是否开启第一开关。当第一信号的变化速率和第二信号的变化速率大于阈值时,接近开关总成20进一步进入探索模式。因此,容许对接近开关总成20的探索,这样,使用者可以使用其手指自由地探索开关界面小键盘而不会无意触发事件,界面的响应时间迅速,基于信号的变化速率发生开启,防止或者减少了开关的无意开启。
如图3所示,当使用者手指34接近与信号信道1关联的接近开关22时,手指34进入与传感器24关联的开启场32,这引起电容的扰动,从而引起Δ传感器计数增加,如图6中开启运动曲线的信号50A所示。接近开关总成不仅监控第一开关的当前信号信道50A,而且监控邻近的开关的信号信道,例如第二信号信道50B,并且基于第一信号和邻近的开关信号信道之一或二者的变化速率判定操作者是打算按压用于当前开关开启的按钮还是探索界面。系统和方法监控第一信号50A以判定第一信号50A何时超过阈值电平(LVL_THRESHOLD)计数,该计数指示具有Δ传感器计数值的活动信号信道,而Δ传感器计数值指示传感器的活动大于噪声。第一信号信道50A在点52穿过LVL_ACTIVE阈值并在点54上升到峰值信号。第一信号50A之后显示减少。在点54检测峰值信号PEAK_CH1之后,系统和方法确定峰值检测之后的第一信号信道的变化速率和峰值检测之后的与邻近的开关关联的第二信号信道的变化速率。第一信号信道50A的变化速率在时间间隔Δtime期间确定,在所述时间间隔Δtime期间信号50A从点54处的峰值信道下降到点56处的信号水平。根据一实施例,Δtime是少于500毫秒(milliseconds)的预设时间,并且特别是,根据一实施例,为大约100毫秒。在100毫秒的时间延迟期间,第一信号50A下降如DELTA CH1所示的数值。每个及所有邻近的信道的信号信道,例如第二信号50B也被监控。由虚线示出的一个邻近的第二信号信道50B上升到峰值并下降。与邻近的开关关联的第二信号信道在延迟时间Δtime期间具有信号的变化速率,所述延迟时间Δtime示为以从点58处上升到点60,示为变化速率DELTA CH2。因此,系统和方法判定在时间间隔Δtime期间由Δ信道CH1示出的第一信号信道50A的变化速率和示为DELTA CH2的第二信号信道50B的变化速率两者,并且使用信号的变化速率DELTA CH1和DELTA CH2判定是否开启与第一信号信道50A关联的第一开关。系统和方法可以基于第一信号信道的变化速率和邻近的第二信号信道的变化速率两者之一或者基于信号的变化速率DELTA CH1和DELTA CH2两者的结合,对是否开启第一开关作出决定。在一实施例中,系统和方法监控每个信号的变化速率DELTA CH1和DELTA CH2,并进一步将信号DELTA CH1和DELTA CH2的绝对值加和,并且将加和的总数和阈值测试值总和比较,所述阈值测试值总和可以基于当前第一信号信道的点54处的峰值信号PEAK CH1比例或乘积因数。例如,乘积因数可以是0.5(或50%)。
根据一实施例,执行开启接近开关总成的接近开关的方法的例程100在图7中示出。方法100开始于步骤102,并且继续到每个框200处理与开关总成的每个接近开关关联的信号信道,这可以出现平行处理。接下来,方法100继续到步骤104以监控每个信号信道1-n的信号振幅以找出与一个开关关联的最大信号信道。在步骤106,方法100监控标识为ich1到n的所有信号信道的信号并且在存储器中存储索引值。接下来,在判定框108,方法100判定是否有开关是开启的。如果有开关是开启的,方法100在步骤126终止。如果没有开关是开启的,则方法100继续到判定步骤110以判定当前开关(ich)是否设置为activate_switch,如果为否,则返回到步骤106。如果当前开关(ich)设置为activate_switch,则方法100继续到判定步骤112以判定最大信息信道(ichannel)是否等于信道索引ich并且,如果为否,继续到步骤114以设置开启开关(ich)等于零并在返回步骤106之前,设置开关状态(ich)等于SW_NONE,所述SW_NONE是没有检测到传感器活动的状态。如果最大信息信道设置为等于信道ich的索引,方法100继续到步骤116以检查所有不在SW_NONE状态的邻近的开关按钮。因此,任何具有一些传感器活动的开关或按钮和所有与当前具有当前最大信号信道的开关邻近的开关都受到监控。继续到框118,方法100在当前信道的峰值振幅之后的预定时间间隔期间内监控与当前开关关联的当前信号信道和每个与每个邻近的开关关联的邻近的信号信道的变化速率。在框118中包括设置为等于K×peak_channel(ich)的text_level的计算,此处K是诸如0.5之类的乘积因数,以及设置为等于Kcs×peak_channel(ich)的channel_sliding的计算,此处Kcs是诸如0.1之类的乘积因数。此外,判定了DELTA值,所述DELTA值是DELTA ich和DELTA inb的绝对值的加和,此处,DELTA ich是在时间延迟期间的峰值信道变化速率,而DELTA inb是当检测到当前信号信道的峰值时邻近的信道的信号信道减去时间间隔Δtime结束时邻近的信道的信号信道的变化速率。方法100之后继续到判定步骤120以作出以下判定:判定DELTA是否大于测试水平;以及判定DELTA_ich是否大于channel_sliding;以及判定DELTA_inb是否大于channel_sliding。如果在判定框120中的三个条件中任何一个为否,则例程100返回步骤116。如果在判定框120提出的所有的条件为是,则例程100继续到判定框122以判定信道峰值是否与先前的峰值一致,如果是,则在终止于步骤126之前在步骤124设置当前开关ich为开启状态。否则,方法100返回步骤116。因此,方法100基于当前开关信道的信号变化速率和邻近的开关信道的变化速率中的至少一个判定是否开启当前信号信道。
参照图8-8B,根据一实施例,示出了与多个开关关联的各个信号信道的处理。例程200开始于步骤202以处理当前信道ich并且继续到判定步骤204来判定开关状态(ich)是否设置等于SW_NONE状态,如果是,则继续到步骤206设置信道峰值(ich)等于零并且设置activate_switch(ich)等于零。例程200之后继续到判定步骤208以判定当前信道(ich)是否大于LVL_ACTIVE,如果是,则设置信道峰值(ich)等于当前信道(ich);并且进一步设置开关状态(ich)等于switch_active。该switch_active状态是传感器确定的活动高到足以保证开关总成的开启、搜索/探索、或者偶然动作的状态。
返回到判定步骤204,如果当前开关状态(ich)不等于SW_NONE状态,则例程200继续到判定步骤214来判定开关状态(ich)是否等于switch_active状态,该switch_active状态是传感器检测到一些活动、但是在该时间点不能触发开关开启的状态。如果开关处在switch_active状态,则例程200继续到图8A示出的步骤224来设置信道峰值(ich)等于最大值。接下来,在判定步骤226,例程200判定当前信道(ich)是否小于LVL_ACTIVE,如果是,则在终止于步骤210之前继续到步骤228来设置开关状态等于SW_NONE状态。如果信道不小于LVL_ACTIVE,则例程200继续到判定步骤230来判定信道是否小于信道峰值,如果为否,在步骤210终止。如果信道小于信道峰值,则例程200继续到步骤232来设置Δtime等于Δtime并且进一步设置开关状态等于switch_triggered状态。该switch_trggered状态是开关按钮被认为是在时间Δ之后开启的状态。接下来,在步骤234,例程200搜寻所有邻近当前开关ich的inb开关,并且之后在终止于步骤210之前,继续到步骤236来将邻近的信道(inb)设置为该信道在ich峰值(inb)。
返回到图8,在判定步骤214如果开关状态不等于switch_active状态,则例程200继续到判定步骤216来判定开关状态是否等于switch_triggered状态,如果是,则继续到图8B中的判定步骤238。在判定步骤238,例程200判定Δtime是否大于零,如果为否,则继续到步骤240来设置Activate_Switch等于一;设置Switch_Status等于Switch_Releasing;并且在终止于步骤210之前,设置Switch_Rlease_Timer等于待释放(Waitforrelease)。如果Δtime大于零,则例程200继续到判定步骤242来判定当前信道ich是否大于信道峰值(ich),如果是,则在终止于步骤210之前,设置信道峰值(ich)等于当前信道并且在步骤248设置开关状态等于switch_active。如果信号不大于信号峰值,例程200继续到判定步骤244来判定信道是否小于LVL_ACTIVE,如果是,则在终止于步骤210之前,在步骤246设置开关状态等于SW_NONE状态。如果信道不小于LVL_ACTIVE,则例程200在步骤210终止。
返回到图8中的判定步骤216,如果开关状态不等于switch_trggered状态,则例程200继续到判定步骤218来判定信道是否小于LVL_ACTIVE,如果为否,则在步骤210终止。如果信道小于LVL_ACTIVE,则例程200继续到判定步骤220来判定开启的开关是否等于ich并且,如果为否,则在步骤210终止。如果启动的开关设置为等于ich,则例程200继续到步骤222来重新设置所有信道ii=1-n;设置Activate_Switch等于零;设置Channel_Peak等于零;设置Switch_Status等于零;设置Switch_Release_Timer等于零;并且在终于止步骤210之前,设置Switch_Activated等于无开关。应当认识到,例程200可以为在例程100中使用的信号信道1到n的每个重复。
因此,判定例程基于第一信号和与第一接近开关关联的第一信号的变化速率以及与邻近的第二开关关联的第二信号的变化速率有益地判定接近开关的开启。应当认识到,可以监控所有邻近的开关以判定开关的开启。该例程有益地容许使用者探索接近开关小键盘,这在机动车辆应用中可能是特别有用的,可以避免驾驶者干扰。
应当理解到,可以对上述结构做出变化和修改而不脱离本发明的构思,进一步应当理解到,旨在通过以下权利要求包含该构思,除非这些权利要求通过文字另有明确说明。
Claims (20)
1.一种开启接近开关的方法,其特征在于,包含:
检测与第一接近开关关联的第一信号和与邻近的第二接近开关关联的第二信号;
确定第一信号的第一变化速率和第二信号的第二变化速率;以及
基于第一信号变化速率和第二变化速率中的至少一个开启第一开关。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,进一步包含检测所述第一信号的峰值振幅的步骤,其中,所述第一信号的第一变化速率和所述第二信号的第二变化速率在峰值振幅检测之后确定。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,进一步包含当所述第一信号的第一变化速率和所述第二信号的第二变化速率大于阈值时进入探索模式的步骤。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法在所述第一信号的第一变化速率和所述第二信号的第二变化速率中的至少一个小于阈值的时候判定所述第一信号的开启。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,开启所述第一开关的步骤包含基于所述第一信号的第一信号变化速率和所述第二信号的第二信号变化速率两者开启所述第一开关。
6.如权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,进一步包含将所述第一信号的第一变化速率的绝对值和所述第二信号的第二变化速率的绝对值加和、将所述加和值与阈值总和比较、以及当加和值小于阈值总和时开启所述第一开关的步骤。
7.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第一信号的第一变化速率在检测所述峰值振幅之后的预设的时间间隔期间内确定,所述第二信号的第二变化速率判定在预设时间间隔期间内确定。
8.如权利要求7所述方法,其特征在于,所述预设的时间间隔小于500毫秒。
9.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,为多个与多个接近开关关联的接近传感器生成多个开启场,其中,处理与多个开启场关联的最大振幅信号,以判定其中一个接近开关的开启。
10.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,在车辆上安装接近开关以供车辆乘客使用。
11.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,接近开关包括含有一个或多个电容传感器的电容开关。
12.一种开启接近开关的方法,其特征在于,包含:
检测与第一接近开关关联的第一信号和与邻近的第二接近开关关联的第二信号;
确定所述第二信号的变化速率;以及
基于所述第一信号和所述第二信号的变化速率开启所述第一开关。
13.一种接近开关总成,其特征在于,包含:
多个接近开关,每个接近开关包含用于提供感测开启场的接近传感器;以及
控制电路,该控制电路处理每个接近开关的开启场、检测与第一接近开关关联的第一信号和与邻近的第二接近开关关联的第二信号、确定所述第一信号的第一变化速率和所述第二信号的第二变化速率,以及基于所述第一信号变化速率和所述第二信号变化速率中的至少一个开启第一开关。
14.如权利要求13所述的接近开关总成,其特征在于,所述控制电路进一步检测所述第一信号的峰值振幅,并且在所述峰值振幅检测之后确定所述第一信号的第一变化速率和所述第二信号的第二变化速率。
15.如权利要求14所述的接近开关总成,其特征在于,所述第一信号的第一变化速率和所述第二信号的第二变化速率的确定在小于500毫秒的预设的时间间隔内发生。
16.如权利要求13所述的接近开关总成,其特征在于,所述控制电路在所述第一信号的第一变化速率和所述第二信号的第二变化速率大于阈值时进入探索模式。
17.如权利要求13所述的接近开关总成,其特征在于,所述控制电路基于所述第一信号的第一信号变化速率和所述第二信号的第二信号变化速率两者判定是否开启所述第一开关。
18.如权利要求17所述的接近开关总成,其特征在于,所述控制电路将所述第一信号的第一变化速率的绝对值和所述第二信号的第二信号变化速率的绝对值加和、将所述加和值与阈值总和比较、并且当所述加和值小于所述阈值总和时开启所述第一开关。
19.如权利要求13所述的接近开关总成,其特征在于,所述开关安装在车辆上以供车辆乘客使用。
20.如权利要求13所述的接近开关,其特征在于,所述接近开关包含含有一个或多个电容传感器的电容开关。
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US13/444,409 US9184745B2 (en) | 2012-04-11 | 2012-04-11 | Proximity switch assembly and method of sensing user input based on signal rate of change |
US13/444,409 | 2012-04-11 |
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CN106169926B (zh) * | 2015-05-20 | 2021-06-18 | 福特全球技术公司 | 具有交错电极结构的接近传感器总成 |
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CN103378840B (zh) | 2018-07-06 |
US20130271203A1 (en) | 2013-10-17 |
US9184745B2 (en) | 2015-11-10 |
DE102013206126A1 (de) | 2013-10-17 |
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