CN103347752A - 用于控制流体的电磁阀 - Google Patents

用于控制流体的电磁阀 Download PDF

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CN103347752A
CN103347752A CN2011800669710A CN201180066971A CN103347752A CN 103347752 A CN103347752 A CN 103347752A CN 2011800669710 A CN2011800669710 A CN 2011800669710A CN 201180066971 A CN201180066971 A CN 201180066971A CN 103347752 A CN103347752 A CN 103347752A
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armature
electromagnetic valve
groove
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CN103347752B (zh
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M·安布罗西
E·菲尔
A·卡尔
A·莱希勒
S·斯泰因加斯
N·霍伊斯
J·诺贝格
G·施托克迈尔
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/08Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid using a permanent magnet
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • B60T8/36Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition including a pilot valve responding to an electromagnetic force
    • B60T8/3615Electromagnetic valves specially adapted for anti-lock brake and traction control systems
    • B60T8/363Electromagnetic valves specially adapted for anti-lock brake and traction control systems in hydraulic systems
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/66Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/68Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems by electrically-controlled valves
    • B60T13/686Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems by electrically-controlled valves in hydraulic systems or parts thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T15/00Construction arrangement, or operation of valves incorporated in power brake systems and not covered by groups B60T11/00 or B60T13/00
    • B60T15/02Application and release valves
    • B60T15/025Electrically controlled valves
    • B60T15/028Electrically controlled valves in hydraulic systems
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0686Braking, pressure equilibration, shock absorbing
    • F16K31/0696Shock absorbing, e.g. using a dash-pot

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于控制流体的电磁阀,包括:衔铁(2),具有底部区域(20)、侧面区域(21)和顶部区域(22);与衔铁(2)相连的阀元件(3);以及衔铁壳体构件(23),其中,在衔铁(2)和衔铁壳体构件(23)之间形成流动路径(26),该流动路径从下衔铁腔室(24)延伸至上衔铁腔室(25)并且回到下衔铁腔室(24),顶部区域(22)具有削平部(32),在衔铁壳体构件(23)和削平部(32)之间限定出该上衔铁腔室(25),在衔铁(2)的侧面区域(21)上从底部区域(20)开始形成至少一个凹槽(28),该凹槽(28)在侧面区域(21)中在顶部区域(22)的削平部(32)之前结束。

Description

用于控制流体的电磁阀
技术领域
本发明涉及一种断电关闭的用于控制流体的电磁阀。
背景技术
从现有技术中公开了这种断电关闭的用于控制流体的电磁阀的各种不同实施方式,尤其是例如作为用于机动车中的防抱死装置(ABS装置)、牵引力控制装置(TCS装置)和稳定装置(ESP装置)的排出阀。这些电磁阀具有可轴向运动地设置在阀壳中的衔铁。在某些工作区域内,电磁阀因所出现的振动而易于产生不希望有的噪音作用,这是因为衔铁轴向抵在该阀壳上。
发明内容
与此相比,根据本发明的具有权利要求1特征的用于控制流体的电磁阀有以下优点,通过衔铁的造型明显减小了振动趋势。根据本发明,这通过以下方式实现:电磁阀包括带有底部区域、侧面区域和顶部区域的衔铁、与衔铁相连的阀元件和衔铁壳体构件。在此,在衔铁和衔铁壳体构件之间形成流动路径,其从下衔铁腔室延伸至上衔铁腔室并又回到下衔铁腔室。所述顶部区域具有削平部,其中在衔铁壳体构件和削平部之间限定出所述上衔铁腔室。在衔铁的侧面区域中,从所述底部区域起形成至少一个凹槽,该凹槽在侧面区域中在所述顶部区域的削平部之前结束。由此,当衔铁回位时通过在上衔铁腔室内的流体实现了阻尼减振效果,这种阻尼减振效果显著改善了电磁阀的液压阻尼性能并且在显著减少电磁阀噪声生成的同时保证了工作可靠的功能。
从属权利要求给出了本发明的优选改进方案。
根据本发明的一个优选实施方式,在侧面区域和顶部区域之间设有过渡区域,其中所述凹槽在过渡区域内结束。而且优选地,所述凹槽从侧面区域开始在过渡区域的前三分之一处结束。因为有针对性的几何形状设计和由此获得的在衔铁和衔铁壳体构件之间的有效流动横截面,获得了显著改善的衔铁液压阻尼作用。在此,液压阻尼作用的程度取决于所选择的差动横截面的几何尺寸、被润湿的周面的几何尺寸以及间隙几何形状/间隙长度。
优选地,设有第二凹槽,其与第一凹槽对置。由此将获得扩宽的流动路径,在上衔铁腔室和下衔铁腔室之间的通流情况得到改善。由此使在流动路径内的压力降低以及使流速提高,结果,将获得低阻力的流动过程。
在本发明的其它有利实施方式中,所述衔铁呈钟形,该钟形有助于从下衔铁腔室至上衔铁腔室且又回到下衔铁腔室的所存在的低阻力流动过程以及由此赋予衔铁高强度和高的抗冷冲击性能。而且,衔铁壳体构件呈罐形结构,由此获得具有很小安装体积的紧凑的结构形式,该结构形式使得在电磁阀中的安装变得简单。
根据本发明的一个优选实施方式,所述衔铁具有第二过渡区域,该第二过渡区域设置在侧面区域上。在本发明的其它有利实施方式中,第二过渡区域提供了相对于衔铁壳体构件的止挡。当衔铁向止挡处运动时,由此实现了液压阻尼作用在衔铁行程范围上的递增的分级,这种液压阻尼作用逐步增强直至达到最大行程并且特别有效地缓冲机械冲击。由此,可以避免对于不同应用来说是不可接受的噪音生成。所述电磁阀优选地可用作防抱死装置(ABS装置)、牵引力控制装置(TCS装置)和稳定装置(ESP装置)中的调节阀/排出阀。
附图说明
以下将参照附图来详述本发明的实施例,附图中:
图1是根据本发明第一实施例的用于控制流体的电磁阀的衔铁的示意性剖视图,
图2是图1的电磁阀的衔铁的立体图,
图3是根据本发明第二实施例的用于控制流体的电磁阀的衔铁的示意性剖视图。
具体实施方式
以下将参照图1和图2来详述根据本发明第一优选实施例的用于控制流体的电磁阀。
图1示出了根据本发明第一实施例的用于控制流体的电磁阀1的衔铁2的示意性剖视图。
如图1所示,衔铁2具有底部区域20、侧面区域21和顶部区域22并且在底部区域20上与电磁阀1的阀元件3相连。衔铁2安装在衔铁壳体构件23中。在衔铁2和衔铁壳体构件23之间形成流动路径26。在流动路径26内的流动过程用箭头P1、P2和P3标示并且从下衔铁腔室24延伸至上衔铁腔室25且又回到下衔铁腔室24。顶部区域22具有削平部32,其中在衔铁壳体构件23和削平部32之间限定出该上衔铁腔室25。在衔铁2的侧面区域21内,从底部区域20开始形成凹槽28。凹槽28例如构造为具有底部30的V形槽。在衔铁2的顶部区域22和侧面区域21之间还设有第一过渡区域27。还如图1所示,凹槽28在过渡区域27内在顶部区域22的削平部32之前结束,优选在过渡区域27的前三分之一处。
如图2所示,衔铁2呈钟形,其具有顶部区域22、第一过渡区域27、第一侧面区域21a、第二过渡区域37、第二侧面区域21b和底部区域20。第二侧面区域21b此时具有最大直径D2,其大于第一侧面区域21a的最大直径D1(见图1)。而且,第二过渡区域37因为其渐缩的外表面而提供了相对于衔铁壳体构件23的止挡A(见图1)。此造型有利于在衔铁2和衔铁壳体构件23之间的流动路径26内所存在的低阻力流动过程。此外,衔铁2由此具有特别紧凑的、结构体积最小化的结构形式。另外,实现了在衔铁行程范围上的逐步增强的液压阻尼作用,其在达到最大行程时有效地缓冲机械冲击,随之获得显著减小的噪音生成。
图3示出了根据第二实施例的电磁阀1的衔铁2的示意性剖视图,其中,相同的或者作用相同的构件用与第一实施例相同的附图标记来表示。
不同于第一实施例,第二实施例中的衔铁2具有第二凹槽29,第二凹槽与第一凹槽28对置。由此,在这里未示出的衔铁壳体构件23和衔铁2之间的流动路径26在下衔铁腔室24和上衔铁腔室25之间被显著扩宽并且获得了衔铁2的明显改善的通流状况,这是因为流动的主要部分通过凹槽28和29来进行。
上述实施例的根据本发明的电磁阀1具有以下优点:通过衔铁2的相应造型或者说外部构型,显著改善了易振动性和液压阻尼作用。除了明显减小的噪音生成外,还由此使电磁阀1的电磁特性曲线得以改善,这保证了电磁阀1在所有的工作点具有精确的功能准确性。

Claims (8)

1.一种用于控制流体的电磁阀,包括:
-衔铁(2),具有底部区域(20)、侧面区域(21)和顶部区域(22),
-与衔铁(2)相连的阀元件(3),以及
-衔铁壳体构件(23),
-其中,在所述衔铁(2)和所述衔铁壳体构件(23)之间形成流动路径(26),该流动路径从下衔铁腔室(24)延伸至上衔铁腔室(25)并且回到下衔铁腔室(24),
-其中,所述顶部区域(22)具有削平部(32),
-其中,在所述衔铁壳体构件(23)和所述削平部(32)之间限定出所述上衔铁腔室(25),
-其中,在所述衔铁(2)的侧面区域(21)上,从所述底部区域(20)开始,形成至少一个凹槽(28),以及
-其中,所述凹槽(28)在侧面区域(21)中在顶部区域(22)的削平部(32)之前结束。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电磁阀,其特征在于,在所述侧面区域(21)和所述顶部区域(22)之间设有过渡区域(27),所述凹槽(28)在该过渡区域(27)中结束。
3.根据权利要求2所述的电磁阀,其特征在于,所述凹槽(28)从所述侧面区域(21)开始在所述过渡区域(27)的前三分之一处结束。
4.根据前述权利要求之一所述的电磁阀,其特征在于,设有与第一凹槽(28)对置的第二凹槽(29)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的电磁阀,其特征在于,所述衔铁(2)呈钟形并且所述衔铁壳体构件(23)呈罐形构造。
6.根据前述权利要求之一所述的电磁阀,其特征在于,所述凹槽(28)是具有底部(30)的V形槽。
7.根据前述权利要求之一所述的电磁阀,其特征在于,设有第二过渡区域(37),该第二过渡区域设置在所述侧面区域(21)上。
8.根据权利要求7所述的电磁阀,其特征在于,所述第二过渡区域(37)提供相对于衔铁壳体构件(23)的止挡(A)。
CN201180066971.0A 2011-02-08 2011-12-15 用于控制流体的电磁阀 Expired - Fee Related CN103347752B (zh)

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DE102011003783.7A DE102011003783B4 (de) 2011-02-08 2011-02-08 Magnetventil zum Steuern eines Fluids
DE102011003783.7 2011-02-08
PCT/EP2011/072912 WO2012107137A1 (de) 2011-02-08 2011-12-15 Magnetventil zum steuern eines fluids

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CN103347752B CN103347752B (zh) 2016-01-06

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CN103347752B (zh) 2016-01-06
EP2673176A1 (de) 2013-12-18
US9133957B2 (en) 2015-09-15
DE102011003783B4 (de) 2022-10-27
US20140027658A1 (en) 2014-01-30

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