CN103314746A - Chrysanthemum shading cultivating method - Google Patents
Chrysanthemum shading cultivating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103314746A CN103314746A CN2013102169575A CN201310216957A CN103314746A CN 103314746 A CN103314746 A CN 103314746A CN 2013102169575 A CN2013102169575 A CN 2013102169575A CN 201310216957 A CN201310216957 A CN 201310216957A CN 103314746 A CN103314746 A CN 103314746A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, in particular to a chrysanthemum shading cultivating method and aims at cultivating seasonal blooming colorful anti-season chrysanthemums through a modern scientific method to meet the requirement of people for the chrysanthemums. The technical scheme is that the chrysanthemum shading cultivating method includes the following steps: a. collecting cutting slips from a chrysanthemum female body and conducting seedling cuttage; b. conducting planting, soil preparation and fertilization application after 15 days, conducting long-day light supplementing and conducting conventional water and fertilizer management; c. stopping light supplementing 30 days after planting and starting shading. The shading step specifically includes conducting shading 2 hours before sunset, conducting shading within 1 hour after sunrise the next day and controlling sunshine duration to be shorter than 13 hours. The chrysanthemum shading cultivating method achieves the aim that autumn-series chrysanthemums with a natural flowering period being November in Xinjiang flower in the last ten-day of September, breaks through the restriction of weather conditions of Changji and has remarkable social and economical benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of plant growing technology, be specifically related to a kind of chrysanthemum shade culture method.
Background technology
Chrysanthemum is the composite family Dendranthema, the perennial root herbage flower.Chrysanthemum originates in the ground such as Henan China, Luoyang, Hangzhou, is one of China's ten large famous flowers, is described as among " plum, orchid, bamboo, chrysanthemum " four gentleman.At the cultivation history in existing more than 3000 year of China.Chrysanthemum imports Japan about the Tang Dynasty into through Korea greatly, and the 17th century passes European and American countries, has now become one of world-renowned flowers.Well-known chrysanthemum is lucuriant in design, various in style, and attitude is graceful, can withstand the frost in the time of the year when autumn changes into winter in full bloom, is always liked by people and praises.
Chrysanthemum is the traditional food of China, it is one of chrysanthemum tea drink, traditional Chinese medicine commonly used.It is cold in nature, distinguishes the flavor of sweet, bitter, has wind-dispelling heat-dissipating, and the flat liver effect such as make eye bright is used for anemopyretic cold, dizzy, the red eye, swell pain of headache, and eyes is dim-sighted.Up-to-date research is found: Chrysanthemum morifolium has effect anticancer, anti AIDS virus.Along with the fast development of domestic and international medicine, Food ﹠ Drink processing industry, the consumption of chrysanthemum sharply increases; Social required quantity is larger, and annual domestic edible, medicinal dry chrysanthemum demand is about 7000 tons-8000 tons.The chrysanthemum of 35-40% is arranged for export nearly.
Chrysanthemum not only has edible, medical value, and has ornamental value.The color of chrysanthemum is unusually abundant, and Huang, red, black, purple, reddish brown, pink, golden paint, green etc. are arranged, and really is multicoloured, and is gorgeous colorful.The demand of the annual bright chrysanthemum of China is used for the gaily decorated basket or makees wreath etc. about 1,000,000,000-1,500,000,000, as arrange, about 8,000 ten thousand basin-100,000,000 basins of the potted chrysanthemum in U.S. garland border.October gold autumn, the whole nation approximately needed 6,000 ten thousand basins-8000, ten thousand basins for the potted chrysanthemum of all kinds of chrysanthemum shows, and light Beijing celebrates that 60 anniversaries of the founding of People's Republic of China just need to use chrysanthemum more than 400 ten thousand basins.
Along with improving constantly of living standards of the people, people to the demand of chrysanthemum with increasing, especially in major holidays such as the Spring Festival, the Lantern Festival, International Working Women's Day, the Ching Ming Festival, Labor Days, the general chrysanthemum in full bloom that seldom can see anti-season, if people cultivate potted plant, season, in full bloom, motley chrysanthemum with the method for modern science, it will bring beauty and happiness to people's life, bring benefit for science and technology, society, economy.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the method with modern science, cultivate in full bloom, motley anti-season chrysanthemum, satisfy people to the demand of chrysanthemum.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention may further comprise the steps for a kind of chrysanthemum shade culture method is provided:
A, gather plugged ear and carry out seedlings plugging from chrysanthemum is maternal;
B, field planting site preparation and fertilization after 15 days carry out the long-day light filling, and carry out conventional water and fertilizer management;
C, field planting were cancelled light filling after 30 days, and the beginning shading, were specially: adopt sunset to carry out shading in front 2 hours, shading in a hour after sunrise next day is controlled in 13 hours the sunshine time.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned chrysanthemum shade culture method, the long-day light filling of described step b is: the light filling at sunshine that carries out 17 hours every day.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned chrysanthemum shade culture method, the Dendranthema morifolium Varieties of described step a is dimple gold, purple great mansion, dazzle dance, Qiu Shan, fleeting time, Qing Lian, orange light, new lemon, golden grain or jasmine.
Preferably, above-mentioned chrysanthemum shade culture method may further comprise the steps:
A, June 20 gather plugged ear and carry out seedlings plugging from chrysanthemum is maternal;
B, July 6 the field planting site preparation and fertilization, with repeatedly rotary tillage 3 times of rotovator, rotary tillage degree of depth 20-25cm makees bed, the wide 100cm in seedbed, the wide 50cm in operation road between the seedbed, the seedbed requires smooth straight, spreads spray irrigation band and flower net, 1 flower seedling of each mesh field planting, and carry out conventional water and fertilizer management, 100 watts of plant growth light irradiation 9 ㎡ area under cultivations are carried out the long-day light filling;
C, lamp disappears: field planting is cancellation on August 5 light filling after 30 days, the beginning shading, select good-extensibility, light tight, the light screening material of light weight, utilize the support column of chrysanthemum net, draw on the support column top one fixing with self threading pin etc. with the plastic-steel line, form room shape structure, then cover single or several seedbeds with light screening material and carry out shading, adopt sunset to use the black film shading in front 2 hours, raised the method for black film after sunrise next day in one hour, sunshine time was controlled in 13 hours, and the shading time amounts to 40 days, to the existing look end of bud shading.
Chrysanthemum shade culture method of the present invention has realized that at the Xinjiang nature florescence be the target that the autumn series chrysanthemum in November was bloomed in late September, has broken through the restriction of Changji weather conditions, has obvious Social benefit and economic benefit.
Embodiment
By describing technology contents of the present invention, structural feature in detail, being realized purpose and effect, give in detail explanation below in conjunction with embodiment.
Chrysanthemum is short-day plant, can early flowering under short-day.Chrysanthemum is nourished and grown needs the long-day environment, then needs short-day to stimulate flower bud differentiation but bloom.Chrysanthemum with Qiu Juwei master, only has drop to below 14 hours the sunshine of every day on variety type, and bud is sprouted, and it is essential that short-day does not still bring out bud institute, also is that the good institute of growing of the last acquisition of flower is essential.
The Hui Autonomous Prefecture of Changji is located in east longitude 85 ° 34 ', 43 ° 06 of north latitude ', the days are long and the nights short in frost-free season, September, the duration of day was more than 16 hours, so, autumn series chrysanthemum was bloomed during National Day, must satisfy its required photoperiod condition, this just need to carry out artificial Illumination adjusting.
General in the situation that condition is suitable, the chrysanthemum flower bud differentiation needs 10-15 days.Need 50-55 days from flower bud differentiation to blooming, amount to 60-70 days.Therefore, before predetermined flowering stage, stopped light filling in 55-65 days, such as: the chrysanthemum of the blooming predetermined National Day lamp that must at the beginning of 8 months, disappear.Day long generally more than 16 hours because of Xinjiang region at the beginning of 8 months carried out smoothly for making flower bud differentiation, must use the shading technology, artificially reduces the chrysanthemum sunshine time.
Embodiment 1
Gather plugged ear from female parent mid-June, totally ten kinds: dimple gold, purple great mansion, dazzle dance, Qiu Shan, fleeting time, Qing Lian, orange light, new lemon, Jin Su, jasmine, each kind 100 strain.June 20 seedlings plugging, July 6 the field planting site preparation and fertilization, light filling, and carry out conventional water and fertilizer management.Beginning shading on August 5 adopts sunset to use the black film shading in front 2 hours, raises the method for black film in one hour after sunrise next day, and the sunshine time was controlled in 13 hours.Realized that at the Xinjiang nature florescence be the target that the autumn series chrysanthemum in November was bloomed in late September, broken through the restriction of Changji weather conditions, had obvious Social benefit and economic benefit.
Embodiment 2
1, grows seedlings: June 20, each kind seedlings plugging 100 strain.
2, field planting: July 6 the field planting site preparation and fertilization, with repeatedly rotary tillage 3 times of rotovator, rotary tillage degree of depth 20-25cm.Make bed, the wide 100cm in seedbed, the wide 50cm in operation road between the seedbed, the seedbed requires smooth straight.Spread spray irrigation band and flower net, 1 flower seedling of each mesh field planting.100 watts of plant growths etc. can shine 9 ㎡ area under cultivations.
3, the lamp that disappears: field planting is the lamp that disappears on August 5 after 30 days.
4, shading: August 5, good-extensibility was selected in the beginning shading, and is light tight, the light screening material of the material of light weight.Utilize the support column of chrysanthemum net, draw on the support column top one fixing with self threading pin etc. with the plastic-steel line, form room shape structure, then cover single or several seedbeds with light screening material and carry out shading.Adopt sunset to use the black film shading in front 2 hours, raised the method for black film in one hour after sunrise next day, the sunshine time was controlled in 13 hours.The shading time amounts to about 40 days, to the existing look end of bud shading.Control group is set, not shading treatment.
Each kind flowering time and growing state are as shown in table 1 as stated above.
Table 1 shading treatment and blank group Experimental Comparison
As can be seen from Table 1, after shading treatment, the blooming in 54 days to 60 days of all kind shading treatment, control group is not all bloomed.Thus explanation, shading treatment has satisfied the illumination condition of chrysanthemum reproductive growth, so that advance flowering period.
The above only is embodiments of the invention; be not so limit claim of the present invention; every equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion that utilizes description of the present invention to do; or directly or indirectly be used in other relevant technical fields, all in like manner be included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a chrysanthemum shade culture method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
A, gather plugged ear and carry out seedlings plugging from chrysanthemum is maternal;
B, field planting site preparation and fertilization after 15 days carry out the long-day light filling, and carry out conventional water and fertilizer management;
C, field planting were cancelled light filling after 30 days, and the beginning shading, were specially: adopt sunset to carry out shading in front 2 hours, shading in a hour after sunrise next day is controlled in 13 hours the sunshine time, to the existing look end of bud shading.
2. chrysanthemum shade culture method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the long-day light filling of described step b is: the light filling at sunshine that carries out 17 hours every day.
3. chrysanthemum shade culture method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the Dendranthema morifolium Varieties of described step a is dimple gold, purple great mansion, dazzle dance, Qiu Shan, fleeting time, Qing Lian, orange light, new lemon, golden grain or jasmine.
4. chrysanthemum shade culture method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
A, June 20 gather plugged ear and carry out seedlings plugging from chrysanthemum is maternal;
B, July 6 the field planting site preparation and fertilization, with repeatedly rotary tillage 3 times of rotovator, rotary tillage degree of depth 20-25cm makees bed, the wide 100cm in seedbed, the wide 50cm in operation road between the seedbed, the seedbed requires smooth straight, spreads spray irrigation band and flower net, 1 flower seedling of each mesh field planting, and carry out conventional water and fertilizer management, 100 watts of plant growth light irradiation 9 ㎡ area under cultivations are carried out the long-day light filling;
C, lamp disappears: field planting is cancellation on August 5 light filling after 30 days, the beginning shading, select good-extensibility, light tight, the light screening material of light weight covers single or several seedbeds with light screening material and carries out shading, the black film shading was used in sunset in front 2 hours, raised the method for black film in 1 hour after sunrise next day, the sunshine time was controlled in 13 hours, to the existing look end of bud shading.
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| CN201310216957.5A CN103314746B (en) | 2013-06-03 | 2013-06-03 | Chrysanthemum shading cultivating method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103733894A (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2014-04-23 | 江苏骏马农林科技股份有限公司 | Method of cultivating cut-flower chrysanthemum by secondary light supplement |
| CN103766119A (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2014-05-07 | 江苏骏马农林科技股份有限公司 | Method utilizing light cycle control technique to cultivate chrysanthemum morifolium |
| CN109673409A (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2019-04-26 | 沈阳市苏家屯区久久祥瑞农业种植专业合作社 | A kind of cultural method of Edible chrysanthemum |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103733894A (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2014-04-23 | 江苏骏马农林科技股份有限公司 | Method of cultivating cut-flower chrysanthemum by secondary light supplement |
| CN103766119A (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2014-05-07 | 江苏骏马农林科技股份有限公司 | Method utilizing light cycle control technique to cultivate chrysanthemum morifolium |
| CN103733894B (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2015-06-17 | 邓波 | Method of cultivating cut-flower chrysanthemum by secondary light supplement |
| CN109673409A (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2019-04-26 | 沈阳市苏家屯区久久祥瑞农业种植专业合作社 | A kind of cultural method of Edible chrysanthemum |
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