CN103313880A - 泡沫组件及制造泡沫组件的方法 - Google Patents

泡沫组件及制造泡沫组件的方法 Download PDF

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CN103313880A
CN103313880A CN2012800052109A CN201280005210A CN103313880A CN 103313880 A CN103313880 A CN 103313880A CN 2012800052109 A CN2012800052109 A CN 2012800052109A CN 201280005210 A CN201280005210 A CN 201280005210A CN 103313880 A CN103313880 A CN 103313880A
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foam
soft
mould
core
rigid
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CN103313880B (zh
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D·J·拉弗兰梅
R·G·别德罗
S·珊顾
D·J·海斯
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Andotop Usa Co ltd
Andotto Global Holdings Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C44/00Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/02Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C44/12Incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or reinforcements
    • B29C44/1271Incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or reinforcements the preformed parts being partially covered
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29K2075/00Use of PU, i.e. polyureas or polyurethanes or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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Abstract

一种用作机动车中内部部件的泡沫组件,包括具有硬泡沫部分和软泡沫部分的泡沫芯。所述硬泡沫具有第一密度以向所述泡沫芯提供稳固性和支撑,所述软泡沫具有小于所述第一密度的第二密度以向所述泡沫芯提供舒适性和手感。所述泡沫组件可还包括配置在所述硬泡沫和软泡沫之间的防渗阻挡层,以维持所述硬泡沫和软泡沫的隔开。

Description

泡沫组件及制造泡沫组件的方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本PCT专利申请要求在2011年1月14日提出的序号No.61/433,018、名称为“Method Of Making A Foam Assembly(制造泡沫组件的方法)”的美国临时专利的权益,该美国临时专利申请的全部公开内容认为是本申请的公开内容的一部分并且以引用的方式合并在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种制造泡沫组件或泡沫芯的方法,所述泡沫组件或泡沫芯用于有关内部部件,例如,头枕部件、座椅部件和/或内部面板。
背景技术
在相关领域中常见类型的常规泡沫组件或座椅组件典型地包括座椅背组件、下座椅组件、靠垫调整机构以及例如安全带和头枕的某些安全结构。头枕、座椅背、座椅底部和例如内部装置面板、儿童安全座椅和扶手的其他内部部件典型地包括向乘坐者提供某种形式的舒适性和/或支撑的泡沫硬度。
这种内部部件通常用泡沫芯和外部表面制成,在某些情况下,所述外部表面是皮革的外部覆盖材料。所述泡沫能够用多种材料制成,包括例如具有某密度的聚氨酯以藉此提供预定量的垫层硬度。
进一步地,作为座椅组件的一个实例,头枕组件包括支柱和附着到所述支柱的泡沫胶块(bun)。所述支柱设置为可调整地配合所述座椅背。所述泡沫胶块典型地模制到所述支柱上并且提供对于乘坐者的支撑和舒适性。所述泡沫胶块包括泡沫芯和在某些应用中,覆盖材料。所述泡沫芯向头枕组件提供垫层的、也弹性软接触的结构。另外,倘若发生碰撞,为支撑目的,所述泡沫芯接收乘坐者的头部和颈部。所述泡沫芯的尺寸和形状基于许多其他因素进行设计,包括例如座椅尺寸、乘坐者体量和在碰撞时泡沫芯预期的最小量的安全阻尼。
头枕组件通常以模制过程制成,其中,所述泡沫芯被模制到所述头枕支柱上。所述模具包括碗状件和盖。所述碗状件设计成提供在完成模制过程后泡沫芯的最终形状。所述盖包括用于在将盖密封地闭合到碗状件上之前接收头枕的固定装置。
在形成具有支柱和泡沫胶块的头枕组件的方法执行过程中,所述支柱被插入到在盖上的固定装置中,泡沫(例如聚氨酯)被倾注到所述碗状件中,所述盖闭合藉此引起所述支柱以预定方式配置在泡沫中,向所述碗状件和盖模具组件施加预定时间热量,藉此引起泡沫粘附于所述支柱同时硬化成所述碗状件和相应盖的相应形状。在经过预定时间后,所述盖被打开,从盖固定装置移除由具有模制到其上的支柱形成的泡沫胶块,以藉此提供最终形成的头枕组件。
已经发现关于形成内部部件,可使用多于一个泡沫,以使得能够向乘坐者提供变化的舒适性(垫层硬度)。
发明内容
本发明提供一种制造如下内部部件的方法,所述内部部件包括具有软泡沫和硬泡沫的泡沫芯,所述内部部件包括例如具有支柱和泡沫胶块的头枕组件,其中,用于形成泡沫胶块用泡沫芯的泡沫包括软泡沫和硬泡沫。所述方法以将具有第一密度的硬泡沫分布到模具中开始。第一密度的硬泡沫是较高密度的泡沫以向泡沫芯提供稳固性和支撑。接着,具有第二密度的软泡沫分布到所述模具中。第二密度的软泡沫是较小密度的泡沫,其小于所述硬泡沫的第一密度并且向所述泡沫芯的舒适性和手感。最后,所述模具被加热以固化所述硬泡沫和软泡沫从而形成所述泡沫芯。所述泡沫组件可还包括配置在所述硬泡沫和软泡沫之间以隔开所述硬泡沫和软泡沫的防渗阻挡层。
附图说明
当结合附图考虑下面详细描述时,本发明的其他优点变得更好理解,本发明的其他优点将容易被接受,其中:
图1是具有根据本发明的示例性座椅组件的机动车的透视图;
图2是根据本发明的示例性座椅组件的透视图;
图3是具有泡沫胶块和以想象线示出的支柱的头枕组件的正视图,所述支柱与泡沫胶块一体地形成;
图4是泡沫胶块的透视图,其中一部分已移除以示出泡沫胶块的泡沫芯;
图5是用于形成根据本发明的头枕组件的示例性模具的透视图;
图6是用于形成根据本发明的头枕组件的示例性模具的侧视图;
图7是用于头枕组件的示例性模具的横截面图,并且硬泡沫、薄膜和软泡沫配置在所述模具中以形成根据本发明的头枕组件;
图8是具有用于将泡沫引入到模具中以形成根据本发明的头枕组件的多个浇孔的示例性模具的侧视图;
图9A是根据本发明的头枕形式的示例性内部部件的透视图;
图9B是根据本发明的内部装饰面板形式的示例性内部部件的透视图;
图9C是根据本发明的扶手形式的示例性内部部件的透视图;
图9D是根据本发明的儿童安全座椅形式的示例性内部部件的透视图;
图10A是根据本发明的泡沫组件的部分横截面图;和
图10B是根据本发明的泡沫组件的部分横截面图。
具体实施方式
参考附图,在全部几幅附图中,相同的数字表示相同或相应的零件,概括地示出了制造泡沫组件20,例如座椅组件10的方法,泡沫组件20用于有关内部部件,例如头枕部件、座椅部件和/或内部面板。
一般地参照附图,尤其是图1,示出了一机动车。机动车包括提供给机动车乘坐者的一个或多个机动车座椅。尽管参照在机动车中使用的座椅组件示出了一机动车,但当然,本发明可以使用在其他座椅,或座椅组件中,包括尤其办公室、航线和娱乐座椅应用。除座椅和座椅部件外,所述方法可使用在有关形成包括例如内部装饰面板、儿童安全座椅、扶手和软垫的许多其他内部部件中。
尽管所述方法可应用于具有泡沫组件20的任意内部部件,本发明将参照座椅组件10的头枕组件20a进行详细描述。如图2所示,座椅组件10包括座椅轨道12和包括连接到座椅背16的座椅底部14和头枕组件20a的座椅部件。头枕组件20a在这里示出为已从座椅背16拆卸。座椅背16包括以想象线显示的座椅框架。
头枕组件20a使用机械结构联接到座椅背16的上端部18,所述机械结构能够使头枕组件20a相对于座椅背16的这种上端部18上升和下降。头枕组件20a包括泡沫芯或者垫层部分,或者表示为泡沫胶块22,和支柱24,支柱24与垫层部分形成为一体并且在图3中以想象线显示。在一些情况下,泡沫胶块22也能够由表面材料或覆盖材料围绕以形成外盖34,例如皮革,纤维或内部部件技术领域中已知的任意其他材料。泡沫胶块22可以由几种类型的材料形成,包括例如在图4中26处所示的聚氨酯泡沫。
所述泡沫芯可围绕立柱部分24配置,立柱部分24具有至少一个立柱24,其从泡沫芯延伸以使泡沫芯接合第二内部部件。参照前面的描述,立柱24可用于将头枕组件20a联接到座椅背16。立柱24典型地形成为高强度钢的U形结构,但可以是本领域已知的任意形状或材料。在示例性的头枕组件20a中,U形结构包括两个立柱24A、24B和横向部分24C,两个立柱24A、24B设置为与座椅背16配合,横向部分24C在两个立柱24A、24B的每一个之间延伸,用于与泡沫胶块22配合以形成头枕组件20a。
如图5所示,头枕组件20a典型地在模具36中制造。模具36包括碗状件30和盖32。碗状件30设计成提供在完成模制过程后头枕组件20a的泡沫胶块22的最终形状。盖32典型地包括固定装置(未示出),其用于保持头枕框架或立柱24同时将泡沫芯或泡沫胶块22模制在头枕框架或立柱24上。尽管盖32可包括固定装置(未示出)以保持头枕框架或立柱24,碗状件30也可包括固定装置(未示出)以保持头枕框架或立柱24。
在形成具有立柱24和泡沫胶块22的头枕组件20a的方法期间,立柱24初始地插入到盖32上的固定结构中。软泡沫C和硬泡沫A然后倾注到碗状件30中并且盖32闭合藉此引起立柱24以预定方式配置到泡沫芯中。热量在预定时间期间施加到模具36的碗状件30和盖32,藉此引起泡沫粘着到立柱24同时硬化成模具36的相应形状。在经过该预定时间后,盖32被打开,具有泡沫芯模制在其上而形成泡沫胶块22的立柱24从盖32固定装置移除,以藉此提供最终形成的头枕组件20a。
本发明的一个实施例在图6和7中示出,包括用作头枕组件20a的泡沫胶块22的泡沫芯。在这个实施例中,碗状件30成形为对应泡沫胶块22的结果形状。硬泡沫A被倾注到碗状件30中。薄膜B,例如但不限于防渗薄膜或阻挡层38,应用在碗状件30上方并且此后,软泡沫C被倾注到薄膜B上。盖32闭合并且用于头枕组件20a的泡沫芯基于传统方法的时间和温度进行模制。在形成后,结果产品是包括具有软泡沫C和硬泡沫A的泡沫胶块22的头枕组件20a。
泡沫芯或泡沫胶块22的硬泡沫A具有第一密度。第一密度的硬泡沫A是较高密度泡沫,向泡沫芯提供稳固性和支撑。硬泡沫A可以是聚氨酯泡沫26,例如高密度的聚氨酯泡沫26,或者本领域已知的任意其他泡沫。
泡沫芯或泡沫胶块22的软泡沫C具有第二密度,其不同于硬泡沫A的第一密度。第二密度的软泡沫C是较低密度泡沫,小于硬泡沫A的第一密度。第二密度的软泡沫C向泡沫芯提供舒适性和手感。软泡沫C可以是聚氨酯泡沫26,例如低密度聚氨酯泡沫26,或者本领域已知的任意其他泡沫。
软泡沫C和硬泡沫A彼此隔开且明显不同。泡沫芯的软泡沫C是使用者将接合的泡沫芯的部分。也就是说,如果泡沫芯用作头枕组件20a,使用者的头部将在使用期间搁置在所述软泡沫C上。如果泡沫芯用作扶手,使用者的胳臂将在使用期间搁置在软泡沫C上。
薄膜B可以是防渗阻挡层38,配置在硬泡沫A和软泡沫C之间以隔开硬泡沫A和软泡沫C。在示例性实施例中,防渗阻挡层38是配置在硬泡沫A和软泡沫C之间的薄膜B。在备选实施例中,防渗阻挡层38是硬泡沫A上的表皮层,配置在硬泡沫A和软泡沫C之间。防渗阻挡层38可以是本领域已知的任意阻挡层以维持泡沫部分之间的隔开。
在本发明的另一实施例中,所述方法包括在前面段落中提供的所有步骤,除了在薄膜B配置在碗状件30中之后盖32能够闭合,并且软泡沫C能够通过例如位于盖32或碗状件32中的浇孔42注射到模具36中。浇孔42是限定在模具36的碗状件30或盖32之一中管状部分,以输送硬泡沫A和软泡沫C到模具36。
在另一实施例中,代替前述两个实施例中所用的薄膜B,硬泡沫A可被选择成提供类似于薄膜B功能的表皮层并且邻近软泡沫C形成在模具36中。
在本发明的另一实施例中,可以设置饰盖或外盖34且配置在盖32中,复合层40附着到饰盖或外盖34。复合层40可以包括或可以不包括防渗阻挡层并且用于隔开外盖34与泡沫芯或泡沫胶块22。在具有饰盖的盖32与碗状件30密封接合地闭合之后,至少两个不同的浇孔,第一浇孔42和第二浇孔44,能够用于将两种不同的泡沫注射到模具36中。例如,软泡沫C能够通过第一浇孔42注射到模具36中,且硬泡沫A能够通过第二浇孔44注射到模具36中。此后,基于时间和温度,最终泡沫芯被模制,具有软泡沫和硬泡沫C、A。
图9被提供以展示前述方法能够用于有关形成任意数量的其他内部部件,包括例如内部装饰面板20b、儿童安全座椅20c、扶手20d和座椅垫层。
前述发明已经根据有关法律标准进行了描述,因而所述描述在性质上是示例性的而不是限制性的。所公开实施例的变型和修改对本领域技术人员来说可变得明显并且落入本发明的保护范围内。因此,本发明所给予的法律保护范围可仅通过研究下述权利要求来确定。

Claims (15)

1.一种用于制造用作机动车中内部部件的泡沫芯的方法,包括如下步骤:
将具有第一密度以向所述泡沫芯提供稳固性和支撑的硬泡沫分布到模具中;
将具有小于所述第一密度的第二密度以向所述泡沫芯提供舒适性和手感的软泡沫分布到所述模具中;
加热所述模具以固化所述硬泡沫和软泡沫从而形成所述泡沫芯。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,
所述方法还包括将防渗阻挡层配置在所述硬泡沫和软泡沫之间以隔开所述硬泡沫和软泡沫的步骤。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,
所述配置防渗阻挡层的步骤进一步限定为将薄膜配置在所述硬泡沫和软泡沫之间以隔开所述硬泡沫和软泡沫。
4.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,
所述配置防渗阻挡层的步骤进一步限定为在所述硬泡沫上形成表皮层以隔开所述硬泡沫和软泡沫。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,
所述分布软泡沫的步骤进一步限定为将低密度聚氨酯泡沫分布到所述模具中。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,
所述分布硬泡沫的步骤进一步限定为将高密度聚氨酯泡沫分布到所述模具中。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,
所述分布软泡沫的步骤进一步限定为将所述软泡沫通过浇孔分布到模具中。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,
所述分布硬泡沫的步骤进一步限定为将所述硬泡沫通过浇孔分布到模具中。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,
所述方法还包括将立柱部分放置到所述模具中以接合所述泡沫芯的步骤。
10.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,
所述方法还包括将模具盖施加到模具碗状件以在加热所述模具步骤之前密封所述模具的步骤。
11.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,
所述方法还包括将外盖配置在所述泡沫芯上方的步骤。
12.一种用作机动车中内部部件的泡沫组件,所述泡沫组件包括:
具有硬泡沫和软泡沫的泡沫芯,所述硬泡沫具有第一密度以向所述泡沫芯提供稳固性和支撑,且所述软泡沫具有小于第一密度的第二密度以向所述泡沫芯提供舒适性和手感。
13.根据权利要求12所述泡沫组件,其特征在于,
所述泡沫组件还包括防渗阻挡层,其配置在所述硬泡沫和软泡沫之间以隔开所述硬泡沫和软泡沫。
14.根据权利要求12所述的泡沫组件,其特征在于,
所述泡沫芯围绕立柱部分配置,所述立柱部分具有至少一个立柱,所述立柱从所述泡沫芯延伸以使所述泡沫芯接合第二内部部件。
15.根据权利要求12所述的泡沫组件,其特征在于,
所述软泡沫是低密度聚氨酯泡沫且所述硬泡沫是高密度聚氨酯泡沫。
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