CN103221333A - 多晶片mems封装 - Google Patents

多晶片mems封装 Download PDF

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CN103221333A
CN103221333A CN2011800556303A CN201180055630A CN103221333A CN 103221333 A CN103221333 A CN 103221333A CN 2011800556303 A CN2011800556303 A CN 2011800556303A CN 201180055630 A CN201180055630 A CN 201180055630A CN 103221333 A CN103221333 A CN 103221333A
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J·布雷泽克
约翰·加德纳·布卢姆斯伯
C·阿卡
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Abstract

本文涉及多晶片微机电系统(MEMS)封装。在一示例中,多晶片MEMS封装可以包括:控制器集成电路(IC),所述控制器集成电路配置成耦合到电路板;MEMS IC,所述MEMS IC安装到所述控制器IC的第一侧;硅通孔,所述硅通孔穿过所述控制器IC在所述第一侧和所述控制器IC的第二侧之间延伸,所述第二侧与所述第一侧相反;并且其中,所述MEMS IC耦合到所述硅通孔。

Description

多晶片MEMS封装
要求优先权
本申请要求享有2010年9月18日提交的名称为“Multi-Die Packaging ofMEMS with Through Silicon Vias(具有硅通孔的MEMS的多晶片封装)”的美国临时专利申请No.61/384,241(代理人案号No.:2921.096PRV)以及2010年9月20日提交的名称为“Integrated Inertial Sensor(集成式惯性传感器)”的美国临时专利申请No.61/384,321(代理人案号No.:2921.0105PRV)的优先权的利益,其中每个临时专利申请以全文引用的方式并入本文中。
背景技术
概括地说,使用多个微机电系统(MEMS)芯片的应用包括用于每个MEMS芯片的分离的控制器。例如,惯性传感器可以被封装有其自己的专用集成电路(ASIC),同时压力传感器被封装有分离的ASIC。由于每个额外的MEMS芯片包括相关联的控制器或控制器电路,因此多个MEMS系统可以使所消耗的功率总量、所使用的硅和硅片空间(silicon real estate)、所使用的工程资源以及生产系统所花费的成本增加。此外,一些MEMS芯片要求高电压信号。高电压ASIC可以被制造,然而它们是昂贵并且不是完全标准化的。要求高电压的MEMS由于使用昂贵的ASIC而陷入困境(stuck),从而将成本增加到不能支撑许多用户应用的水平。
发明内容
本文涉及多晶片微机电系统(MEMS)封装。在一示例中,多晶片MEMS封装可以包括:控制器集成电路(IC),所述控制器集成电路配置成耦合到电路板;MEMS IC,所述MEMS IC安装到所述控制器IC的第一侧;硅通孔,所述硅通孔穿过所述控制器IC在所述第一侧和所述控制器IC的第二侧之间延伸,所述第二侧与所述第一侧相反;并且其中,所述MEMS IC耦合到所述硅通孔。
该发明内容部分旨在提供本专利申请的主题的概述。这部分并非旨在提供本发明的排他性的或详尽的说明。本文包括了详细的描述,以提供关于本专利申请的进一步信息。
附图说明
在附图中(这些附图不一定是按照比例绘制的),相同的数字在不同视图中表示相似的部件。具有不同字母后缀的相同数字能够表示相似部件的不同示例。附图通过示例而非限制的方式概括地示例了本申请中讨论的各个实施例。
图1至图4大体上示出了多晶片MEMS封装的示例。
具体实施方式
图1大体上示出了多晶片MEMS封装100的一示例,多晶片MEMS封装100包括MEMS设备101和控制器集成电路(IC)102,例如专用IC(ASIC)。在某些示例中,MEMS设备101耦合到控制器IC102的一侧上的接触件(contacts),并且控制器IC102包括硅通孔(TSVs),以将上述接触件耦合到控制器IC102的另一侧上的第二接触件。TSVs可以排除引线接合(wire bonds)和容纳这些引线接合的区域,这些引线接合从MEMS设备101延伸到控制器IC102或其他电路,例如印刷电路板(PCB)103。在某些示例中,多晶片MEMS封装100可以减小整个设备的封装占位空间(footprint)。
在某些示例中,多晶片MEMS封装100可以包括高电压芯片104,高电压芯片104接近MEMS设备101地安装在控制器IC102的顶部上。在这样的示例中,高电压芯片104可以提供多晶片MEMS封装100的高电压电路,并且控制器IC102可以提供多晶片MEMS封装100的低电压电路。在一示例中,多个MEMS设备101可以安装在控制器IC102的顶部上,并且使用控制器IC102的硅通孔(TSVs)耦合到控制器IC102或其他电路。
图2示出了多晶片MEMS封装200的一示例,多晶片MEMS封装200包括MEMS设备201和控制器IC202,控制器IC202包括TSVs204。该MEMS设备可以包括器件层205和保护层206。在一示例中,器件层205可以包括一质量块(proof mass)207,该质量块207由一个或多个锚(anchor)208支撑。在一示例中,该器件层可以包括一质量块,该质量块由单个锚支撑。在某些示例中,MEMS IC可以在器件层205内包括多个质量块207。包括质量块207的器件层205可以包括间隙209,所述间隙209穿过器件层205在水平方向和竖直方向上延伸。间隙209可以形成质量块207的多个可移动部分,并且可以使所述多个部分能够相对于器件层205的主表面进行平面内移动和平面外移动。在一示例中,质量块207的平面内移动和平面外移动可以被用于感测多晶片MEMS封装200的加速度和旋转。在某些示例中,器件层205可以被蚀刻,以设置用于感测MEMS封装200的线性加速度和角加速度的具有六自由度的惯性传感器。在某些示例中,保护层206可以提供用于质量块207的环境封闭物的一部分。在一示例中,保护层206内的腔210或者器件层205可以提供一区域,在该区域内,质量块207可以在平面外方向上移动。在一示例中,例如当多晶片MEMS封装200遇到机械冲击时,保护层206可以限制质量块207的平面外移动。在某些示例中,容纳器件层205的环境封闭物可以使器件层205的可移动部分周围保持真空。
在某些示例中,器件层205被接合到控制器IC202(例如,ASIC)上。在一示例中,与形成在控制器IC202中的电极(例如,形成在控制器IC202的钝化层中的电极)配合,器件层205可以包括差动传感器,所述差动传感器用于质量块207的平面外移动的每个轴。在某些示例中,控制器IC202可以包括一个或多个硅通孔(TSVs)204,以将信号从控制器IC202的一侧电耦合到控制器IC202的不同侧。例如,控制器IC202可以包括一TSV204,以将位于控制器IC202的一侧的MEMS设备201的电极耦合到位于控制器IC202的相反侧上的接触件211。在某些示例中,控制器IC202可以包括器件层212。器件层212可以包括集成电子电路(例如,晶体管),以处理与MEMS设备201相关的信息。在一示例中,控制器IC202的器件层212可以提供控制电路,多于一个MEMS设备201安装到控制器IC202上。在一示例中,控制器IC202可以包括钝化层213,以保护器件层212。在某些示例中,钝化层213可以被用于形成用于MEMS设备201的电极。
在某些示例中,晶片接合金属214可以将器件层205的外围接合区域耦合到控制器IC202。在一示例中,晶片接合金属214可以将单个锚208耦合到控制器IC202。在一示例中,晶片接合金属214可以将器件层205(包括单个锚208)直接耦合到控制器IC202的未经加工的硅。在一示例中,使用匀质的接合层来接合器件层205的外围区域和锚208以及提供差动的平面外感测的能力可以导致改善的对热膨胀效应的抑制,并且可以减小被接合部件的应力梯度。改善的对热膨胀效应的抑制和减小的被接合部件的应力梯度都可以改善MEMS设备201的性能。
在某些示例中,控制器IC可以包括互连器(interconnects)218,以将多晶片MEMS封装耦合到其他电路。在一示例中,互连器218可以包括焊料凸块(solder bump)。
图3大体上示出了多晶片MEMS封装300的一示例,多晶片MEMS封装300包括MEMS设备301和具有硅通孔(TSVs)的控制器IC302。MEMS设备301可以包括器件层305、保护层306和通孔层315。在一示例中,器件层305可以包括MEMS结构,该MEMS结构包括质量块307和配置成支撑该质量块307的单个锚308。在一示例中,保护层306和通孔层315可以提供用于MEMS结构的环境封闭物。在一示例中,保护层306和通孔层315可以提供用于MEMS结构的刚性机械支撑物,使得该MEMS结构的部件可以与封装应力相隔离。在一示例中,MEMS结构可以是惯性传感器结构。在一示例中,MEMS结构可以是陀螺仪传感器。在一示例中,MEMS结构可以是加速度计传感器。在某些示例中,MEMS结构可以包括一个或多个多轴惯性传感器,例如,但不局限于三轴陀螺仪、三轴加速度计或集成的多轴陀螺仪和加速度计。在某些示例中,通孔层315可以包括电绝缘区域,这些电绝缘区域提供路由电路和用于MEMS结构的电极,以将MEMS设备耦合到控制器IC302(例如,ASIC)。在某些示例中,通孔层315和控制器IC302之间的焊料接头(solder joint)316可以位于通孔层315的外边缘处或附近,例如,位于通孔层315的外围附近。将焊料接头316定位在通孔层315的外围处可以减小在控制器IC302被安装到其他电路(例如,印刷电路板(PCB)303)时所引入的应力的影响。
在一示例中,控制器IC302可以包括具有导电材料的重分布层317,以将控制器IC302以及多晶片MEMS封装300耦合到其他电路(例如,印刷电路板(PCB)303)。在一示例中,重分布层317可以包括例如用于焊接到PCB303的互连器318。互连器318可以被聚集在控制器IC302的中心附近,以减小传递至耦合到控制器IC302的MEMS设备301的封装应力。在某些示例中,例如在控制器IC302支撑多于一个MEMS设备的情况下,互连器可以被聚集在由覆盖控制器IC302的MEMS设备所限定的每个占位空间的中心周围。在某些示例中,用于耦合多晶片MEMS封装300中的控制器IC302的互连器可以包括聚合物芯的(polymer-core)铜互连器,以进一步减小封装应力。在一示例中,控制器IC302和PCB303可以包括低刚度边界层(SBL),以减小在多晶片MEMS封装300电耦合到PCB303时所引入的应力。
图4大体上示出了包括多个MEMS设备401、421的多晶片MEMS封装400的一部分。在某些示例中,系统400包括安装在PCB403上的MEMS封装420。MEMS封装420可以包括控制器IC402,例如ASIC。MEMS封装420可以包括安装到控制器IC402的多个MEMS设备401、421上。将多个MEMS设备401、421安装到单个控制器IC402可以节省另外还由用于每个MEMS设备的分离的控制器IC使用的空间。在一示例中,MEMS封装420可以包括高电压控制器IC404,相比用于控制器IC402的技术,高电压控制器IC404可以为使用较高电压的系统400中的那些MEMS设备提供更高的电压。在某些示例中,高电压IC404(例如,高电压ASIC)可以被用于将MEMS器件层的质量块驱动到在共振频率下振荡。MEMS结构的这种运动可以有助于检测多晶片MEMS封装420的角加速度。这样的配置节约了与使用高电压技术制造整个控制器IC相关联的成本和占位空间面积。在某些示例中,MEMS设备401、421可以包括惯性传感器,例如陀螺仪传感器、以及加速度传感器、压力传感器、指南针传感器等。要理解的是,在控制器IC402具有足够的空间和处理能力的情况下,系统可以包括安装到控制器IC402的其他MEMS传感器以及其他设备。
额外的说明和示例
在示例1中,一种装置,可以包括:控制器集成电路(IC),所述控制器IC配置成耦合到电路板;微机电系统(MEMS)IC,所述MEMS IC安装到所述控制器IC的第一侧;硅通孔,所述硅通孔穿过所述控制器IC在所述第一侧和所述控制器IC的第二侧之间延伸,所述第二侧与所述第一侧相反;并且其中,所述MEMS IC耦合到所述硅通孔。
在示例2中,示例1的装置可选择地包括多个焊料互连器,所述多个焊料互连器耦合到所述电路板和所述控制IC。
在示例3中,示例1-2中的任何一个或多个示例的MEMS IC可选择地包括惯性传感器。
在示例4中,示例1-3中的任何一个或多个示例的惯性传感器可选择地包括具有六个自由度的惯性传感器。
在示例5中,示例1-4中的任何一个或多个示例的MEMS IC可选择地包括:器件层,所述器件层具有多个可移动部分和单个锚,所述器件层配置成使所述可移动部分中的一个或多个能够进行平面内移动和平面外移动,并且所述单个锚配置成支撑所述多个可移动部分;以及保护层,所述保护层耦合到所述控制器IC对面的所述器件层。
在示例6中,示例1-5中的任何一个或多个示例的惯性传感器可选择地包括通孔层,所述通孔层在所述器件层的外围处并且在所述锚处耦合到所述器件层,所述通孔层包括电绝缘区域,所述电绝缘区域配置成提供所述惯性传感器的平面外电极。
在示例7中,示例1-6中的任何一个或多个示例的器件层可选择地在所述器件层的外围处并且在所述单个锚处直接耦合到所述控制器IC。
在示例8中,示例1-7中的任何一个或多个示例的控制IC可选择地包括专用IC(ASIC)。
在示例9中,示例1-8中的任何一个或多个示例的装置可选择地包括高电压控制IC,所述高电压控制IC配置成供应电压以将所述MEMS IC驱动至共振。
在示例10中,示例1-9中的任何一个或多个示例的高电压控制IC可选择地安装到所述控制IC上。
在示例11中,示例1-10中的任何一个或多个示例的控制IC可选择地包括第一专用IC(ASIC),并且,示例1-10中的任何一个或多个示例的高电压控制IC包括第二ASIC。
在示例12中,一种装置,可以包括微机电系统(MEMS)集成电路(IC)和控制器IC。所述MEMS IC可以包括:器件层,所述器件层具有多个间隙,所述多个间隙形成多个可移动部分和单个锚,所述单个锚配置成支撑所述多个可移动部分;和保护层,所述保护层耦合到所述器件层,并且配置成使所述多个可移动部分周围保持真空并且限制所述多个可移动部分的平面外移动。所述控制器IC具有耦合到所述MEMS IC的第一侧,并且所述控制器IC可以包括硅通孔,所述硅通孔穿过所述控制器IC从所述第一侧延伸到所述控制器IC的第二侧。所述硅通孔可以配置成将位于所述控制器IC的所述第一侧的接触件与位于所述控制器IC的所述第二侧上的接触件电耦合。
在示例13中,示例1-12中的任何一个或多个示例的MEMS IC可选择地包括通孔晶片,所述通孔晶片耦合到所述保护层对面的所述器件层,所述通孔层配置成电耦合所述器件层和所述控制器IC。
在示例14中,示例1-13中的任何一个或多个示例的控制器IC可选择地在所述器件层的外围处并且在所述单个锚处直接耦合到所述器件层。
在示例15中,示例1-14中的任何一个或多个示例的MEMS IC可选择地包括惯性传感器。
在示例16中,示例1-15中的任何一个或多个示例的MEMS IC可选择地包括三轴陀螺仪传感器和三轴加速度计。
在示例17中,示例1-16中的任何一个或多个示例的三轴陀螺仪传感器和示例1-16中的任何一个或多个示例的三轴加速度计可选择地机械地集成在所述器件层内。
在示例18中,示例1-17中的任何一个或多个示例的装置可选择地包括MEMS压力传感器IC,所述MEMS压力传感器IC耦合到所述控制器IC的所述第一侧。
在示例19中,示例1-18中的任何一个或多个示例的装置可选择地包括高电压控制器IC,所述高电压控制器IC接近所述MEMS IC地耦合到所述控制器IC的所述第一侧,所述高电压控制器IC配置成比所述控制器IC使用更高的电压操作。
在示例20中,示例1-19中的任何一个或多个示例的控制器IC可选择地包括专用IC(ASIC)。
示例21可以包括或者能够可选择地与示例1-20中的任何一个或多个示例的任何部分或任何部分的组合相结合,以包括可以包括用于执行示例1-20的功能中的任何一个或多个功能的装置的主题;或者包括具有指令的机器可读介质,当被机器执行时,所述指令导致该机器执行示例1-20的功能中的任何一个或多个功能。
上述详细说明书包括对附图的参照,附图构成了所述详细说明书的一部分。附图以图解的方式显示了可实施本发明的具体实施例。这些实施例在本文中也被称作“示例”。本申请中所涉及的所有出版物、专利及专利文件全部作为本发明的参考内容,尽管它们是分别加以参考的。如果本发明与参考文件之间存在用途差异,则将参考文件的用途视作对本发明的用途的补充;若两者之间存在不可调和的差异,则以本发明的用途为准。
在本文中,与专利文件中通常使用的一样,术语“一”或“某一”表示包括一个或多个,但其他情况或在使用“至少一个”或“一个或多个”时应除外。在本文中,除非另外指明,否则使用术语“或”指无排他性的或者,使得“A或B”包括:“A但不是B”、“B但不是A”以及“A和B”。在所附权利要求中,术语“包含”和“在其中”等同于各个术语“包括”和“其中”的通俗英语。同样,在本文中,术语“包含”和“包括”是开放性的,即,系统、设备、物品或步骤包括除了权利要求中这种术语之后所列出的那些部件以外的部件的,依然视为落在该条权利要求的范围之内。而且,在下面的权利要求中,术语“第一”、“第二”和“第三”等仅仅用作标签,并非对对象有数量要求。
上述说明书的作用在于解说而非限制。在其他示例中,上述示例(或示例的一个或多个方面)可结合使用。可以在理解上述说明书的基础上,利用现有技术的某种常规技术来执行其他实施例。遵照37C.F.R.§1.72(b)的规定提供摘要,允许读者快速确定本技术公开的性质。提交本摘要时要理解的是该摘要不用于解释或限制权利要求的范围或意义。同样,在上面的具体实施方式中,各种特征可归类成将本公开合理化。这不应理解成未要求的公开特征对任何权利要求必不可少。相反,本发明的主题可在于的特征少于特定公开的实施例的所有特征。因此,下面的权利要求据此并入具体实施方式中,每个权利要求均作为一个单独的实施例。应参看所附的权利要求,以及这些权利要求所享有的等同物的所有范围,来确定本申请的范围。

Claims (20)

1.一种装置,包括:
控制器集成电路(IC),所述控制器集成电路配置成耦合到电路板;
微机电系统(MEMS)IC,所述微机电系统IC安装到所述控制器IC的第一侧;
硅通孔,所述硅通孔穿过所述控制器IC在所述第一侧和所述控制器IC的第二侧之间延伸,所述第二侧与所述第一侧相反;并且
其中,所述MEMS IC耦合到所述硅通孔。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置,包括多个焊料互连器,所述多个焊料互连器耦合到所述电路板和所述控制IC。
3.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述MEMS IC包括惯性传感器。
4.根据权利要求3所述的装置,其中,所述惯性传感器包括具有六个自由度的惯性传感器。
5.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述MEMS IC包括:
器件层,所述器件层具有多个可移动部分和单个锚,所述器件层配置成使所述可移动部分中的一个或多个能够进行平面内移动和平面外移动,并且所述单个锚配置成支撑所述多个可移动部分;以及
保护层,所述保护层耦合到所述控制器IC对面的所述器件层。
6.根据权利要求5所述的装置,其中,所述惯性传感器包括通孔层,所述通孔层在所述器件层的外围处并且在所述锚处耦合到所述器件层,所述通孔层包括电绝缘区域,所述电绝缘区域配置成提供所述惯性传感器的平面外电极。
7.根据权利要求5所述的装置,其中,所述器件层在所述器件层的外围处并且在所述单个锚处直接耦合到所述控制器IC。
8.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述控制器IC包括专用IC(ASIC)。
9.根据权利要求1所述的装置,包括高电压控制器IC,所述高电压控制器IC配置成供应电压以将所述MEMS IC驱动至共振。
10.根据权利要求9所述的装置,其中,所述高电压控制器IC安装到所述控制器IC上。
11.根据权利要求9所述的装置,其中,所述控制器IC包括第一专用IC(ASIC);并且
其中,所述高电压控制器IC包括第二ASIC。
12.一种装置,包括:
微机电系统(MEMS)集成电路(IC),所述MEMS IC包括:
器件层,所述器件层具有多个间隙,所述多个间隙形成多个可移动部分和单个锚,所述单个锚配置成支撑所述多个可移动部分;和
保护层,所述保护层耦合到所述器件层,并且配置成使所述多个可移动部分周围保持真空并且限制所述多个可移动部分的平面外移动;以及
控制器IC,所述控制器IC具有耦合到所述MEMS IC的第一侧,所述控制器IC包括硅通孔,所述硅通孔穿过所述控制器IC从所述第一侧延伸到所述控制器IC的第二侧,所述硅通孔配置成将位于所述控制器IC的所述第一侧的接触件与位于所述控制器IC的所述第二侧上的接触件电耦合。
13.根据权利要求12所述的装置,其中,所述MEMS IC包括通孔晶片,所述通孔晶片耦合到所述保护层对面的所述器件层,所述通孔层配置成电耦合所述器件层和所述控制器IC。
14.根据权利要求12所述的装置,其中,所述控制器IC在所述器件层的外围处并且在所述单个锚处直接耦合到所述器件层。
15.根据权利要求12所述的装置,其中,所述MEMS IC包括惯性传感器。
16.根据权利要求12所述的装置,其中,所述MEMS IC包括三轴陀螺仪传感器和三轴加速度计。
17.根据权利要求16所述的装置,其中,所述三轴陀螺仪传感器和所述三轴加速度计机械地集成在所述器件层内。
18.根据权利要求12所述的装置,包括MEMS压力传感器IC,所述MEMS压力传感器IC耦合到所述控制器IC的所述第一侧。
19.根据权利要求12所述的装置,包括高电压控制器IC,所述高电压控制器IC接近所述MEMS IC地耦合到所述控制器IC的所述第一侧,所述高电压控制器IC配置成比所述控制器IC使用更高的电压操作。
20.根据权利要求12所述的装置,其中,所述控制器IC包括专用IC(ASIC)。
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US20150321904A1 (en) 2015-11-12
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US9095072B2 (en) 2015-07-28
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KR101871865B1 (ko) 2018-08-02
CN103221333B (zh) 2017-05-31

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