CN103214278A - Method for preparing flammulina velutipes cultivation material by grain dregs - Google Patents
Method for preparing flammulina velutipes cultivation material by grain dregs Download PDFInfo
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- CN103214278A CN103214278A CN2013101587225A CN201310158722A CN103214278A CN 103214278 A CN103214278 A CN 103214278A CN 2013101587225 A CN2013101587225 A CN 2013101587225A CN 201310158722 A CN201310158722 A CN 201310158722A CN 103214278 A CN103214278 A CN 103214278A
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- flammulina velutipes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a flammulina velutipes cultivation material. The preparation method is characterized by taking grain dregs as a main raw material, and adding proper salt in the main raw material to prepare the flammulina velutipes cultivation material. The preparation method has the advantages that 1, the salt is added into the cultivation material, so that the cultivation material has an obvious antifouling effect to bottle-cultivated flammulina velutipes, and is free from harmful substance residue; 2, particles of the grain dreg raw materials are thinn, and comprehensive in nutrition, after the grain dreg raw materials are matched with the thick corn cores, the cultivation material is good in air permeability and good in water binding capacity, hypha is exuberant to grow, the bottle filling time can be shortened, sporocarp is quick and grows orderly, and the cultivation material is high in yield and good in quality; and 3, the flammulina velutipes is cultivated by the grain dregs, so that the raw material cultivation way can be broadened, the production cost can be reduced, and the resource utilization rate can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the making method of golden mushroom plantation material, is a kind of method of utilizing distillers grains and dregs raw materials such as vinasse slag, bean dregs, sweet potato residue to make the golden mushroom plantation material specifically, belongs to the fungus growing technique field.
Background technology
Needle mushroom has another name called dried mushroom, because of its stem shape and the color and luster utmost point resemble Flos Hemerocallis, so claim needle mushroom.Needle mushroom is sliding tender delicious, nutritious, contains 18 seed amino acids, and the amino acid total content is up to 20.9%, and wherein, 44.5% is again necessary 8 seed amino acids of human body, apparently higher than general mushroom class; Owing to rely amino acid and arginine content also than higher, therefore, often edible needle mushroom is also very favourable to the growth of children brain cell.
The weak wooden saprophytic microorganism of genus flammulina, all the time, the mushroom farming all is to serve as cultivation material cultivating flammulina velutipes with corn cob, cotton seed hulls.Along with the fast development of needle mushroom industry, production-scale expansion, needle mushroom production also face the problem of shortage of raw materials and production cost rising, so each production unit is all attached great importance to looking for cheap and good-quality alternative materials.
Distillers grains and dregs comprises vinasse slag, the poor slag of vinegar, bean dregs, fecula, sugared slag, pomace and Chinese medicine slag etc., is the processing byproduct of industries such as Brewing industry, sugar-refining industry, food, Chinese medicine processing industry.The distillers grains and dregs aboundresources of China, kind is many, and quantity is big, only wine brewing, starch, the annual poor slag that just can produce more than one hundred million tons of fruit processing, the annual plant medicine slag that produces of China's Chinese medicine industry is up to millions of tons.At present, these by products are except that small part is used as feed, and major part is considered refuse, and utilization ratio is very low, and this not only wastes resource but also cause serious environmental to pollute.
Poor slag is because of raw material is formed, different its nutritive value differences of production technique, but poor slag generally has rich nutrient substances.As: the main component of vinasse slag be Mierocrystalline cellulose 78%, polyose 3%, protein-based 9%, other 10%; Contain Mierocrystalline cellulose 50%, protein 20%, grease 10% in the bean dregs, also have isoflavones and VITAMIN; Sweet potato residue contain protein 3.83%, fat 1.02%, starch 50.63%, robust fibre 25.03%, ash content 2.95%, other 4.74%; Manioc waste contains crude protein 1.27%, crude fat 1.06%, robust fibre 33.8%, nitrogen-free extract 67.49%; Pomace contains nutritive ingredients such as a large amount of sugars, amino acid, VITAMIN and mineral element; The beet pulp main component is nitrogen-free extract and robust fibre, and crude protein accounts for 9.6%; Chinese medicine slag contains abundant carbon source, nitrogenous source etc., as starch, robust fibre, Crude polysaccharides, crude protein, crude fat, VITAMIN and trace element etc.
The carbon source that poor slag contains, nitrogenous source, inorganic salt and growth hormone 4 class nutritive substances, very identical with the needle mushroom needed nutrient that grows.Because poor slag contains the starch and the reducing sugar of high level, acidity is also big simultaneously, therefore causes living contaminants between the mycelia bacteria developing period easily.Through test repeatedly, find with the distillers grains and dregs raw material to be the major ingredient cultivating flammulina velutipes, in the cultivation material, need to add an amount of salt, to suppress the activity of acetic bacteria and milk-acid bacteria, can reach effect anti-pollution and volume increase.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has following tripartite face content:
1, a kind of basic compatibility (admixing before the salt) of golden mushroom plantation material
2, needle mushroom finished product cultivation material
3, the making method of cultivation material
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of basic compatibility of golden mushroom plantation material has following component and quality proportioning: distillers grains and dregs (one or more poor slags) 60%-80%, corn cob 16%-18%, wheat bran 6%-12%, lime powder 2%-4%, terra alba 1%, all be the quality of dry-matter, the proportioning sum is 100%;
Needle mushroom finished product cultivation material adds salt in basic compatibility, the amount of interpolation is the 1.0%-1.5% of base furnish total mass.
Poor slag: fresh poor slag, be spread out on the concrete floor or on the plastics film and ted, irritating smell (wine, vinegar, flavour of a drug etc.) is vapored away, moisture content is dropped to below the 12%-15%, dry standby.
Salt: be common commercially available product.Add salt,, can prevent to cultivate the living contaminants of material, promote mycelial growth to suppress the activity of acetic bacteria and milk-acid bacteria.
Corn cob, wheat bran: be common commercially available product.Carbon source is provided, and nitrogenous source nutrition increases the ventilation property that cultivation is expected simultaneously.
Lime powder, terra alba: be common commercially available product.Be used to regulate, stablize the potential of hydrogen of cultivation material.
The making method of cultivation material comprises the steps:
1. will be pickled with grains or in wine slag (one or more poor slags) with prewet after corn cob mixes, the time of prewetting is 2 hours, makes the water content of mixture remain on 50～55%;
2. add wheat bran, lime powder, terra alba, stir, then slowly add salt solution (salt is dissolved in the water), the limit edged is mixed, and fully stirs evenly, and makes the water content of cultivation material remain on 62%-63%;
3. bottle, beat and plant the bacterium hole: will cultivate and expect to pack into 1100ml * 78mmPP Plastic Bottle, and stamp and plant the bacterium hole, planting aperture, bacterium hole is 16mm, covers the bottle cap of the ventilative sponge of band then;
4. sterilize, cool off: will cultivate material and carry out autoclaving, and sterilize 1 hour down at 100 ℃ earlier, and rise to 121 ℃ of sterilizations 1.5 hours then, and naturally cool to after the sterilization below 25 ℃;
After inserting cultivar, culture temperature is controlled at 16 ℃～18 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 65%～75%, and through the cultivation of 20d～23d, mycelia is covered with bottle, cultivates through after-ripening then, can enter management of producing mushroom.
The present invention is main raw material with the distillers grains and dregs, adds an amount of salt, makes the golden mushroom plantation material.Its advantage is: the one, in the cultivation material, add salt, and bottle is planted needle mushroom tangible anti-fouling effect, and unharmful substance is residual; The 2nd, the particle of distillers grains and dregs raw material is thinner, comprehensive nutrition, with the collocation of thicker corn cob after, cultivation material ventilation property, retentiveness are good, vigorous, the full bottle time of mycelia growing way shortens, sporophore growth is fast and neat, output height, quality better; The 3rd, utilize poor slag for cultivating needle mushroom, widened the culturing raw material channel, reduced production cost, improved resource utilization.
Embodiment
Mode 1: the golden mushroom plantation material package is drawn together following component and quality proportioning in the present embodiment: sweet potato residue 40%, bean dregs 30%, corn cob 18%, wheat bran 8%, lime powder 3%, terra alba 1% all is the quality of dry-matter, the proportioning sum is 100%, adds the salt of above these material total masses 1.3% again.
Making method:
1. will be pickled with grains or in wine slag (one or more poor slags) with prewet after corn cob mixes, the time of prewetting is 2 hours, makes the water content of mixture remain on 55%;
2. add wheat bran, lime powder, terra alba, stir, then slowly add salt solution (salt is dissolved in the water), the limit edged is mixed, and fully stirs evenly, and makes the water content of cultivation material remain on 62%-63%;
3. bottle, beat and plant the bacterium hole: will cultivate and expect to pack into 1100ml * 78mmPP Plastic Bottle, and stamp and plant the bacterium hole, planting aperture, bacterium hole is 16mm, covers the bottle cap of the ventilative sponge of band then;
4. sterilize, cool off: will cultivate material and carry out autoclaving, and sterilize 1 hour down at 100 ℃ earlier, and rise to 121 ℃ of sterilizations 1.5 hours then, and naturally cool to after the sterilization below 25 ℃;
After inserting cultivar, culture temperature is controlled at 18 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 70%, and through the cultivation of 22d, mycelia is covered with bottle, cultivates through after-ripening then, promptly enters management of producing mushroom.
Mode 2: the golden mushroom plantation material package is drawn together following component and quality proportioning in the present embodiment: vinasse slag 35%, manioc waste 35%, corn cob 17%, wheat bran 8%, lime powder 4%, terra alba 1% all is the quality of dry-matter, the proportioning sum is 100%, adds the salt of above these material total masses 1.2% again.Making method reference example 1.
Mode 3: the golden mushroom plantation material package is drawn together following component and quality proportioning in the present embodiment: sweet potato residue 45%, Chinese medicine slag 25%, corn cob 16%, wheat bran 11%, lime powder 2%, terra alba 1% all is the quality of dry-matter, the proportioning sum is 100%, adds the salt of above these material total masses 1.1% again.Making method reference example 1.
Mode 4 (control group): the golden mushroom plantation material package is drawn together following component and quality proportioning: sweet potato residue 70%, and corn cob 17%, wheat bran 9%, lime powder 3%, terra alba 1% all is the quality of dry-matter, the proportioning sum is 100%,
From table as can be known: the interpolation salt of all modes cultivation material living contaminants rate is all below 0.3%, and the living contaminants rate of control group (not adding salt) has reached 8.02%; Observe the mycelial growth situation, mycelial growth is rapid, sturdy dense after the interpolation salt, and a full bottle fate generally shortens.
The result of use of table salt in the golden mushroom plantation material
| Mode | Mycelial density | Healthy and strong degree | Pollution rate (%) | Bacteria developing period (d) | Biology efficient (%) |
| 1 | ++++ | Pure white, sturdy | 0.27 | 22 | 132.8 |
| 2 | ++++ | Pure white, sturdy | 0.25 | 22 | 128.2 |
| 3 | ++++ | Pure white, sturdy | 0.23 | 21 | 123.4 |
| Contrast | +++ | Pure white, more sturdy | 8.02 | 25 | 87.3 |
Annotate: mycelial density with ++, +++and ++ ++ expression ,+number multilist more shows that mycelial density is high more.
Claims (5)
1. the basic compatibility of a golden mushroom plantation material, it is characterized in that containing following component and quality proportioning: distillers grains and dregs (one or more poor slags) 60%-80%, corn cob 16%-18%, wheat bran 6%-12%, lime powder 2%-4%, terra alba 1% all is the quality of dry-matter, and the proportioning sum is 100%.
2. a needle mushroom finished product cultivation material is characterized in that adding salt in basic compatibility, and the amount of interpolation is the 1.0%-1.5% of base furnish total mass.
3. golden mushroom plantation material according to claim 1 is characterized in that described corn cob particle diameter is 3mm～4mm.
4. the making method of the golden mushroom plantation material described in the claim 1～3 comprises the steps:
1. will be pickled with grains or in wine slag (one or more poor slags) with prewet after corn cob mixes, the time of prewetting is 2 hours, makes the water content of mixture remain on 50～55%;
2. add wheat bran, lime powder, terra alba, stir, then slowly add salt solution (salt is dissolved in the water), the limit edged is mixed, and fully stirs evenly, and makes the water content of cultivation material remain on 62%～63%;
3. bottle, beat and plant the bacterium hole: will cultivate and expect to pack into 1100ml * 78mmPP Plastic Bottle, and stamp and plant the bacterium hole, planting aperture, bacterium hole is 16mm, covers the bottle cap of the ventilative sponge of band then;
4. sterilize, cool off: will cultivate material and carry out autoclaving, and sterilize 1 hour down at 100 ℃ earlier, and rise to 121 ℃ of sterilizations 1.5 hours then, and naturally cool to after the sterilization below 25 ℃.
5. with the golden mushroom plantation material described in the claim 1-4, after it is characterized in that inserting cultivar, culture temperature is controlled at 16 ℃～18 ℃, humidity is controlled at 65%～75%, and through the cultivation of 20d～23d, mycelia is covered with bottle, cultivate through after-ripening then, can enter management of producing mushroom.
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| CN2013101587225A CN103214278A (en) | 2013-04-18 | 2013-04-18 | Method for preparing flammulina velutipes cultivation material by grain dregs |
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| CN2013101587225A CN103214278A (en) | 2013-04-18 | 2013-04-18 | Method for preparing flammulina velutipes cultivation material by grain dregs |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104086299A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-10-08 | 匡铁铃 | Organic fertilizer raw material for cultivating flammulina velutipes |
| CN105453894A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-04-06 | 江苏康盛农业发展有限公司 | Method for high-yield of bottle-cultivated golden mushroom |
| CN107500920A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2017-12-22 | 卓本育 | A kind of Oyster mushroom culture medium and preparation method thereof |
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| JP2002037732A (en) * | 2000-07-24 | 2002-02-06 | Marine Bio Kk | Active oxygen scavenger, filter, health food, food and drink |
| JP2007209311A (en) * | 2006-02-13 | 2007-08-23 | Nagano Kida Kogyo Kk | Cover substitute for wrapping paper for mushroom cultivation, and cultivation method using the same |
| CN102084779A (en) * | 2009-12-07 | 2011-06-08 | 刘桂伏 | Technology for planting edible mushrooms by using active wheat bran instead of wheat bran |
| CN102823425A (en) * | 2012-08-13 | 2012-12-19 | 合肥福泉现代农业科技有限公司 | Method for cultivating needle mushroom in bags by cotton seed hull |
| CN102986450A (en) * | 2012-10-10 | 2013-03-27 | 肥西县农业技术推广中心 | Trench cultivation technique for flammulina velutipes |
-
2013
- 2013-04-18 CN CN2013101587225A patent/CN103214278A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002037732A (en) * | 2000-07-24 | 2002-02-06 | Marine Bio Kk | Active oxygen scavenger, filter, health food, food and drink |
| JP2007209311A (en) * | 2006-02-13 | 2007-08-23 | Nagano Kida Kogyo Kk | Cover substitute for wrapping paper for mushroom cultivation, and cultivation method using the same |
| CN102084779A (en) * | 2009-12-07 | 2011-06-08 | 刘桂伏 | Technology for planting edible mushrooms by using active wheat bran instead of wheat bran |
| CN102823425A (en) * | 2012-08-13 | 2012-12-19 | 合肥福泉现代农业科技有限公司 | Method for cultivating needle mushroom in bags by cotton seed hull |
| CN102986450A (en) * | 2012-10-10 | 2013-03-27 | 肥西县农业技术推广中心 | Trench cultivation technique for flammulina velutipes |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104086299A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-10-08 | 匡铁铃 | Organic fertilizer raw material for cultivating flammulina velutipes |
| CN105453894A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-04-06 | 江苏康盛农业发展有限公司 | Method for high-yield of bottle-cultivated golden mushroom |
| CN107500920A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2017-12-22 | 卓本育 | A kind of Oyster mushroom culture medium and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20130724 |