CN103210860B - Method for culturing fresh water colored pearls - Google Patents
Method for culturing fresh water colored pearls Download PDFInfo
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- CN103210860B CN103210860B CN201310118740.0A CN201310118740A CN103210860B CN 103210860 B CN103210860 B CN 103210860B CN 201310118740 A CN201310118740 A CN 201310118740A CN 103210860 B CN103210860 B CN 103210860B
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- colouring matter
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for culturing fresh water colored pearls. The conventional fresh water pearl is single in color. Most of the market-available colored pearls are dyed or dyed kernel colored pearls to obtain pearls of more colors, and the dyed pearls have the defects of easiness in fading and possible side effects of chemical components on human bodies. Colored pearls obtained by genetic breeding have long periods, and species degrade easily. According to the feeding habit of hyriopsis cumingii capable of filtering and eating foreign matters, natural pigments and auxiliary materials which are easy to absorb and deposit are added in a feeding process, so that colorful fresh water pearls are cultured. Compared with the conventional artificially-dyed pearls, the colored pearls have the advantages of no toxicity or harmlessness, high stability, various colors, and suitability for various people to wear.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultural method of a kind of colored fresh water pearl, belong to technical field of aquaculture.
Background technology
Pearl as unique jewelry obtained in biological living in the world, the gloss glittering and translucent with it and bright and colourful color, pursuing always deeply by common people.The freshwater mussel kind that current China cultivates fresh water pearl is mainly grown cultured pearls based on hydriopsis cumingii (Hyriopsis cumingii), culturing area covers the ground such as Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Fujian, Guangdong, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, that weighs pearl quality has size, gloss, fineness, color, shape five indices, wherein color is as the key factor weighing pearl quality, usually its pearl color mostly is pink, pure white and purplish red, and color is comparatively single.
In order to obtain the in riotous profusion pearl of more multicolour, mainly contain following processing method at present: radiation method, chemical dyeing method and biological genetic breeding method etc.All there is defect in various degree in said method, is difficult to really be applied in actual production.As dyed pearls color easily takes off, chemical composition may have side effects to human body; The genetic breeding cycle is long, and kind is easily degenerated.
Natural colouring matter is widely used in marine industry as a kind of nontoxic bioactivator, as fancy fishes, shrimp crab and aquatic food painted etc.If carotenoid is as the large class of in natural colouring matter, there is extremely strong physiological function, in painted, anti-ultraviolet radiation, growth promoting effects and maturation, improve archiblast, strengthen, to aspects such as the tolerances of high ammonia and hypoxemia, there is excellent function.Relevant report is there is not yet at present by the work of natural colouring matter cultivation colored pearl.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art exactly, provides a kind of breeding method of fresh water colored pearl.
Object of the present invention is further reflected and described by detailed description below.
Technical scheme of the present invention mainly passes through process of specifically growing cultured pearls, and utilizes hydriopsis cumingii to have the feeding habits of filter food foreign material, adds and be easy to absorption, the natural colouring matter deposited and auxiliary material thereof in its feeding process, thus cultivate the different fresh water pearl of color.This breeding method comprises the steps: 1, inserts kind of an operation: select freshwater mussel, point freshwater mussel, inserted sheet, section, post surgery treatment; 2, breeding process; 3, open freshwater mussel and get pearl, it is characterized in that:
1. insert kind of an operation
(1) freshwater mussel, point freshwater mussel is selected
Choose that the vivid tool of clam shell body colour is glossy, water spray closed shell is strong, pure neat, healthy and strong disease-free, the long 6 ~ 8cm of body of abdominal foot color when age hydriopsis cumingii be film-making freshwater mussel, choose physically fit, clam shell closes rapidly, spray water far away and effectively, shell is wide comparatively greatly, abdominal foot is stout and strong and outer embrane is complete 1 age hydriopsis cumingii be pearl culturing clam.
(2) section, inserted sheet
Get the outer embrane marginal membrane epidermis of film-making freshwater mussel by traditional strip masking process, after excision colo(u)r streak, be cut into length with slicer: the rectangular particles of wide=about 3:2, thickness 0.6 ~ 0.8mm, implant each slotting kind 10 of left and right two shell of pearl culturing clam.
(3) post surgery treatment
Postoperative freshwater mussel is put into storage pond, holding pond and carries out one-week recuperation, water temperature controls at about 25 DEG C, and dissolved oxygen remains on more than 6.0mg/L.
2. breeding process
(1) choose the postoperative recuperation pearl culturing clam of a week, hanging culture is grown cultured pearls in pond in self-control indoor respectively, and every pond water content is 40 ~ 60L, and hanging culture density is 40/pond.
(2) in pearl oyster breeding process, keep water temperature at 24 ~ 26 DEG C, dissolved oxygen is at more than 6.0mg/L, and every day respectively throws something and feeds mixed algae once sooner or later, and algae amount is 5.5 × 10
5~ 8.5 × 10
6individual/ml, mainly comprises: diatom, green alga and hidden algae.Water is changed once at interval of 15 days, and throw something and feed in time natural colouring matter and auxiliary material, its content ratio (every premium on currency content) is as follows:
3. open freshwater mussel and get pearl
Within 3 ~ 5 years, just can open freshwater mussel by above method cultivation and get pearl, the colored pearl of high-quality can be obtained.
Described natural colouring matter refer in astaxanthin, xanthophyll, anthocyan and lycopene one or more.The colory colored pearl cultivated, mainly based on Exocarpium Citri Rubrum, golden yellow, blackish green.The film-making freshwater mussel used and pearl culturing clam are all hydriopsis cumingiis.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is mainly reflected in: adopt pearl after 3-5, the colored pearl cultivated, and color and luster is mellow and full, and gloss becomes clear, and quality is superior.Compare with artificially colored pearl in the past, nontoxic, stability is strong, is more of value to healthy to a certain extent, and color is various to be applicable to all kinds of crowd and to select to wear, and the development for following Pearl Industries is significant.
In the present invention, if not refer in particular to, all equipment and raw material etc. all can be buied from market or the industry is conventional.
Below in conjunction with embodiment in detail the present invention is described in detail, but embodiment is only for illustration of not limiting the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
1. insert kind of an operation
(1) freshwater mussel, point freshwater mussel is selected
Choose that the vivid tool of clam shell body colour is glossy, water spray closed shell is strong, pure neat, healthy and strong disease-free, the long 6 ~ 8cm of body of abdominal foot color when age hydriopsis cumingii be film-making freshwater mussel, choose physically fit, clam shell closes rapidly, spray water far away and effectively, shell is wide comparatively greatly, abdominal foot is stout and strong and outer embrane is complete 1 age hydriopsis cumingii be pearl culturing clam.
(2) section, inserted sheet
Get film-making freshwater mussel outer embrane marginal membrane epidermis by traditional strip masking process, after excision colo(u)r streak, be cut into that length and width is respectively 3, the rectangular particles of 2mm with slicer, thickness 0.7mm, implants each slotting kind 10 of left and right two shell of pearl culturing clam.
(3) post surgery treatment
Postoperative freshwater mussel is put into storage pond, holding pond and carries out one-week recuperation, water temperature controls at 25 DEG C, and dissolved oxygen remains on more than 6.0mg/L.
2. breeding process
(1) choose the postoperative recuperation pearl culturing clam of a week, hanging culture is grown cultured pearls in pond in self-control indoor respectively, and every pond water content is 40L, and hanging culture density is 40/pond.
(2) in pearl oyster breeding process, keep water temperature at 25 DEG C, dissolved oxygen is at more than 6.0mg/L, and every day respectively throws something and feeds mixed algae once sooner or later, and algae amount is 5.5 × 10
5~ 8.5 × 10
6individual/ml, changed water once at interval of 15 days, and throw something and feed in time natural colouring matter and auxiliary material, its content ratio (every premium on currency content) is as follows:
3. open freshwater mussel and get pearl
Within 3 ~ 5 years, just can open freshwater mussel by above method cultured pearl and get pearl, obtain pearl excellent quality, color and luster is mellow and full, mainly based on Chinese red.
Embodiment 2
1. insert kind of an operation
(1) freshwater mussel, point freshwater mussel is selected
Choose that the vivid tool of clam shell body colour is glossy, water spray closed shell is strong, pure neat, healthy and strong disease-free, the long 6 ~ 8cm of body of abdominal foot color when age hydriopsis cumingii be film-making freshwater mussel, choose physically fit, clam shell closes rapidly, spray water far away and effectively, shell is wide comparatively greatly, abdominal foot is stout and strong and outer embrane is complete 1 age hydriopsis cumingii be pearl culturing clam.
(2) section, inserted sheet
Get film-making freshwater mussel outer embrane marginal membrane epidermis by traditional strip masking process, after excision colo(u)r streak, be cut into that length and width is respectively 4, the rectangular particles of 3mm with slicer, thickness 0.8mm, implants each slotting kind 10 of left and right two shell of pearl culturing clam.
(3) post surgery treatment
Postoperative freshwater mussel is put into storage pond, holding pond and carries out one-week recuperation, water temperature controls at 25 DEG C, and dissolved oxygen remains on more than 6.0mg/L.
2. breeding process
(1) choose the postoperative recuperation pearl culturing clam of a week, hanging culture is grown cultured pearls in pond in self-control indoor respectively, and every pond water content is 45L, and hanging culture density is 40/pond.
(2) in pearl oyster breeding process, keep water temperature at 25 DEG C, dissolved oxygen is at more than 6.0mg/L, and every day respectively throws something and feeds mixed algae once sooner or later, and algae amount is 5.5 × 10
5~ 8.5 × 10
6individual/ml, changed water once at interval of 15 days, and throw something and feed in time natural colouring matter and auxiliary material, its content ratio (every premium on currency content) is as follows:
3. open freshwater mussel and get pearl
Within 3 ~ 5 years, just can open freshwater mussel by above method cultured pearl and get pearl, obtain pearl excellent quality, color and luster is mellow and full, mainly based on blackish green.
Embodiment 3
1. insert kind of an operation
(1) freshwater mussel, point freshwater mussel is selected
Choose that the vivid tool of clam shell body colour is glossy, water spray closed shell is strong, pure neat, healthy and strong disease-free, the long 6 ~ 8cm of body of abdominal foot color when age hydriopsis cumingii be film-making freshwater mussel, choose physically fit, clam shell closes rapidly, spray water far away and effectively, shell is wide comparatively greatly, abdominal foot is stout and strong and outer embrane is complete 1 age hydriopsis cumingii be pearl culturing clam.
(2) section, inserted sheet
Get film-making freshwater mussel outer embrane marginal membrane epidermis by traditional strip masking process, after excision colo(u)r streak, be cut into that length and width is respectively 3, the rectangular particles of 2mm with slicer, thickness 0.6mm, implants each slotting kind 10 of left and right two shell of pearl culturing clam.
(3) post surgery treatment
Postoperative freshwater mussel is put into storage pond, holding pond and carries out one-week recuperation, water temperature controls at 25 DEG C, and dissolved oxygen remains on more than 6.0mg/L.
2. breeding process
(1) choose the postoperative recuperation pearl culturing clam of a week, hanging culture is grown cultured pearls in pond in self-control indoor respectively, and every pond water content is 55L, and hanging culture density is 40/pond.
(2) in pearl oyster breeding process, keep water temperature at 25 DEG C, dissolved oxygen is at more than 6.0mg/L, and every day respectively throws something and feeds mixed algae once sooner or later, and algae amount is 5.5 × 10
5~ 8.5 × 10
6individual/ml, changed water once at interval of 15 days, and throw something and feed in time natural colouring matter and auxiliary material, its content ratio (every premium on currency content) is as follows:
3. open freshwater mussel and get pearl
Within 3 ~ 5 years, just can open freshwater mussel by above method cultured pearl and get pearl, obtain pearl excellent quality, color and luster is mellow and full, mainly based on golden yellow.
Claims (7)
1. cultivated a method for fresh water colored pearl by the effect of filter food, comprise the steps: 1) insert kind of an operation: select freshwater mussel, point freshwater mussel, inserted sheet, section, post surgery treatment; 2) breeding process; 3) carry out out freshwater mussel after cultivating 3 ~ 5 years and get pearl, thus obtain the colored pearl of high-quality, it is characterized in that adding in breeding process and be easy to absorption, the natural colouring matter deposited and auxiliary material thereof, wherein said natural colouring matter refer in astaxanthin, xanthophyll, anthocyan and lycopene one or more, described auxiliary material is vitamin E, vitamin C, soya-bean oil and glucose, wherein the natural colouring matter that adds of breeding process and the content ratio of auxiliary material as follows, every premium on currency content:
Component content g/L
Natural colouring matter 0.8 ~ 1.5
Vitamin E 0.5 ~ 2.0
Vitamin C 0.4 ~ 1.5
Soya-bean oil 0.5 ~ 2.0
Glucose 0.5 ~ 1.5.
2. method of being cultivated fresh water colored pearl by the effect of filter food according to claim 1, wherein said slotting kind operation comprises:
(1) freshwater mussel, point freshwater mussel is selected
Choose that the vivid tool of clam shell body colour is glossy, water spray closed shell is strong, pure neat, healthy and strong disease-free, the long 6 ~ 8cm of body of abdominal foot color when age hydriopsis cumingii be film-making freshwater mussel, choose physically fit, clam shell closes rapidly, spray water far away and effectively, shell is wide comparatively greatly, abdominal foot is stout and strong and outer embrane is complete 1 age hydriopsis cumingii be pearl culturing clam;
(2) section, inserted sheet
Get the outer embrane marginal membrane epidermis of film-making freshwater mussel by traditional strip masking process, after excision colo(u)r streak, be cut into length with slicer: the rectangular particles of wide=about 3:2, thickness 0.6 ~ 0.8mm, implant each slotting kind 10 of left and right two shell of pearl culturing clam;
(3) post surgery treatment
postoperative freshwater mussel is put into storage pond, holding pond and carries out one-week recuperation, water temperature controls at about 25 DEG C, and dissolved oxygen remains on more than 6.0mg/L.
3. method of being cultivated fresh water colored pearl by the effect of filter food according to claim 1 and 2, wherein in pearl culturing clam breeding process, water temperature remains on 24 ~ 26 DEG C, dissolved oxygen is at more than 6.0mg/L, every pond water content is 40 ~ 60L, hanging culture density is 40/pond, and every day respectively throws something and feeds mixed algae once sooner or later, and algae amount is 5.5 × 10
5~ 8.5 × 10
6individual/ml, changed water once at interval of 15 days, and throw something and feed natural colouring matter and auxiliary material simultaneously; Described mixed algae is diatom, green alga and hidden algae.
4. a kind of method of being cultivated fresh water colored pearl by filter food effect according to claim 1 and 2, wherein in breeding process the natural colouring matter of every premium on currency interpolation and the content ratio of auxiliary material as follows:
Component content g/L
Natural colouring matter 0.9
Vitamin E 0.6
Vitamin C 0.5
Soya-bean oil 1.4
Glucose 1.2
Described natural colouring matter is astaxanthin, xanthophyll and anthocyan.
5. a kind of method of being cultivated fresh water colored pearl by filter food effect according to claim 1 and 2, wherein in breeding process the natural colouring matter of every premium on currency interpolation and the content ratio of auxiliary material as follows:
Component content g/L
Natural colouring matter 1.4
Vitamin E 0.8
Vitamin C 0.6
Soya-bean oil 1.2
Glucose 0.8
Described natural colouring matter is astaxanthin, xanthophyll and lycopene.
6. a kind of method of being cultivated fresh water colored pearl by filter food effect according to claim 1 and 2, wherein in breeding process the natural colouring matter of every premium on currency interpolation and the content ratio of auxiliary material as follows:
Component content g/L
Natural colouring matter 1.1
Vitamin E 1.1
Vitamin C 0.4
Soya-bean oil 0.5
Glucose 0.5
Described natural colouring matter is astaxanthin and anthocyan.
7. a kind of method of being cultivated fresh water colored pearl by filter food effect according to claim 1 and 2, wherein in breeding process the natural colouring matter of every premium on currency interpolation and the content ratio of auxiliary material as follows:
Component content g/L
Natural colouring matter 1.2
Vitamin E 1.1
Vitamin C 0.4
Soya-bean oil 0.5
Glucose 0.5
Described natural colouring matter is astaxanthin and anthocyan.
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| CN103404460B (en) * | 2013-08-13 | 2014-12-17 | 北海市珍源海洋生物有限公司 | Cultivation raw material and method for black rose pearl growing factors |
| CN103461235B (en) * | 2013-08-13 | 2016-06-15 | 北海市珍源海洋生物有限公司 | A kind of granny smith Margarita alternately cultivates the breeding method of liquid and Margarita thereof |
| CN103478028B (en) * | 2013-09-03 | 2015-02-25 | 金华职业技术学院 | Directional cultivation method of white or purple fresh water pearl |
| CN103548744A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-02-05 | 浙江长生鸟珍珠生物科技有限公司 | Method for cultivating color fresh water pearls with nucleuses |
| CN103858804B (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2015-09-02 | 金华职业技术学院 | The breeding method of one pearl polychrome pearl |
| CN103960189B (en) * | 2014-05-21 | 2016-08-24 | 谢秉文 | The propagation method of the selected and masking freshwater mussel of hydriopsis cumingii natural color kind freshwater mussel |
| CN104839053B (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2018-06-19 | 绍兴文理学院 | A kind of rapid induction pearl culturing clam pearl sac forms and promotes the method for pearl growth |
| CN104737954B (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2017-09-29 | 广东海洋大学 | A kind of breeding method of emerald green sea water pearls |
| CN109984063B (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2021-07-27 | 兰溪市卧龙源水产养殖有限公司 | Controllable ecological clam breeding box and breeding method thereof |
| CN112586413A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-02 | 广东尊鼎珍珠有限公司 | Golden yellow seawater pearl cultivation method |
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| US4783975A (en) * | 1986-12-17 | 1988-11-15 | Catalysts & Chemicals Industries Co., Ltd. | Colored pearl |
| CN101803577A (en) * | 2009-07-17 | 2010-08-18 | 广东海洋大学 | Preparation method of colored noctilucent bead core |
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Effective date of registration: 20160511 Address after: 311800 Zhejiang city of Shaoxing province Zhuji Huansha Road No. 48 Patentee after: Zhejiang China Testing Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 311804 Zhejiang city of Shaoxing province Zhuji City mountain town Pearl Industrial Park Patentee before: Zhuji Boshi Pearl Industry Productivity Promotion Center Co., Ltd. |