CN103153163B - 用于电子内窥镜的处理器和电子内窥镜设备 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种用于电子内窥镜的处理器包括第一和第二图像存储装置和控制装置。控制装置执行包括以下的项目之一的控制：第一模式，其中图像数据在顺次存储在第一和第二图像数据存储装置中的同时，被顺次地转换为视频信号并输出；第二模式，其中所生成的图像数据在顺次存储于第二图像存储装置中的同时，存储在第一图像存储装置中的图像数据被转换为视频信号并输出；或第三模式，其中所生成的图像数据被顺次存储于第一图像存储装置中的同时，存储于第二图像存储装置中的图像数据被转换为视频信号并输出。在第二模式和第三模式中，可在连续地输出多个存储图像数据的第一播放模式和重复地输出多个图像数据中的一个的第二播放模式之间切换。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于电子内窥镜的处理器以及包括上述电子内窥镜和处理器的电子内窥镜设备，该处理器处理来自电子内窥镜的图像信号并在例如监视器上显示视频。
背景技术
电子内窥镜设备已广泛用于对体腔进行观察和诊断。电子内窥镜设备包括位于其先端部的图像拍摄器件，并包括：电子内窥镜，其输出由图像拍摄器件拍摄的图像的图像信号；以及用于该电子内窥镜的处理器，其对来自电子内窥镜的图像信号进行处理，将图像信号转换为具有预定格式的视频信号（例如，NTSC格式的视频信号）并在例如监视器上显示该视频。
通常，用于电子内窥镜的处理器在监视器上将由电子内窥镜拍摄的图像显示为移动图像。此外，用于电子内窥镜的处理器具有将所拍摄的图像显示为静止图像以可以更详细地观察观察目标部位的功能。
例如，当检测到设置于电子内窥镜或电子内窥镜的处理器上的操作按钮被按压时，静止图像的显示被触发。即，操作按钮被按压时所显示在监视器上显示的一帧，或下一帧被继续显示为静止图像。
在上述的配置中，要求电子内窥镜的使用者在检查显示在监视器上的动态图像时的合适时间按压操作按钮。然而，由于需要在操作电子内窥镜并在检查监视器的同时按压操作按钮，所以由操作按钮的按压时间的延迟，使得不易获得期望的静止图像。例如，当在观察目标部位移动的同时按压操作按钮时，出现获得模糊的静止图像的问题或得到色差（colordrift）影响的静止图像。
为了防止模糊图像或受色差影响的静止图像的发生，已经提出一种具有日本专利公开JP3497231B号（下文中，被称为专利文献1）所述功能的用于电子内窥镜的处理器。专利文献1中所述的用于电子内窥镜的处理器被配置为在存储器中存储多个最近帧的图像数据，并且执行获得静止图像的操作（例如，操作按钮的按压）时，处理器选择具有低模糊度或低色差度的图像并在监视器上将所选择的图像显示为静止图像。
发明内容
尽管使用专利文献1所述的用于电子内窥镜的处理器，可以获得具有低模糊度和色差度的静止图像。然而，在专利文献1的配置中，所获得的具有低模糊度和色差度的静止图像并不总是对应于所期望的静止图像，因此，存在需要重新获得静止图像的情况。此外，专利文献1的配置中，在从进行用于获得静止图像的操作到在监视器上显示该静止图像的时间段期间，存储器中没有存储图像数据。因此，当再次需要获得静止图像时，需要等到图像数据再次存储在存储器中，这将导致诊断时间延长的问题。
为了解决上述问题而创作了本发明。即，本发明的目标在于提供一种能够短时间段内可靠地获得期望的静止图像的用于电子内窥镜的处理器以及电子内窥镜设备。
为了实现上述目标，根据本发明的用于电子内窥镜的处理器包括第一图像存储装置和第二图像存储装置以及控制装置，并且控制装置执行包括以下的项目之一的控制：第一模式，其中图像数据被顺次地转换为视频信号并输出，并被顺次存储在第一图像数据存储装置和第二图像数据存储装置中；第二模式，其中存储在第一图像存储装置中的图像数据被输出，并且所生成的图像数据被顺次存储于第二图像存储装置；以及第三模式，其中存储于第二图像存储装置中的图像数据被输出，并且所生成的图像数据被顺次存储于第一图像存储装置中。在第二模式和第三模式下，可切换其中存储于第一图像存储装置和第二图像存储装置中的多个图像数据内容相继地输出的第一再现模式和其中存储于第一图像存储装置和第二图像存储装置中的多个图像数据中的一个被重复地输出的第二再现模式。
在上述的配置中，当电子内窥镜拍摄的图像被观察为动态图像，以第一模式进行控制，当获得静止图像时，模式切换至第二或第三模式，并且存储在第一和第二图像存储装置中的直接在前的多个图像数据被连续显示。之后，适当的图像数据被选择并显示在监视器上。在上述配置中，电子内窥镜拍摄的图像数据被同时存储在第一图像存储装置和第二图像存储装置中。因此，由于在第二模式下包括电子内窥镜拍摄的图像的直接在前图像数据存储在第二图像存储装置中，所以即使用户进行操作以在第二模式中显示静态图像之后通过返回至第一模式来显示动态图像，并在检查动态图像的同时尝试直接获得另一静止图像，该用户也可在第三模式下获得静止图像。
当控制装置可从第一再现模式切换至第二再现模式，在切换至第二再现模式直接之前输出的图像数据被重复转换为视频信号并输出。
在第一再现模式中，存储在第一图像存储装置和第二图像存储装置中的每一个中的多个图像数据可以关于存储时间逆向的时间顺序顺次转换为视频信号并输出。在这种情况中，当模式从第一模式切换至第二或第三模式时，从切换时间点逆向的方向再现的动态图像被显示在监视器上。
在第一再现模式，存储在第一图像存储装置和第二图像存储装置中的每一个中的多个图像数据可以关于存储时间的时间顺序顺次转换为视频信号并输出。在这种情况中，当模式从第一模式切换至第二或第三模式时，以从切换时间点回退一定时间段（对应于第一图像存储装置和第二图像存储装置的容量）的时间点的向前方向再现的动态图像被显示在监视器上。
在第一再现模式中，存储在第一和第二图像存储装置中的多个图像数据中的每一个可被多次相继地转换为视频信号并输出。以这样的配置，当第一模式切换至第二或第三模式时，存储在第一和第二图像存储装置中的一帧图像数据被以多帧的方式连续显示。即，在这种构造中，在第二或第三模式下多个图像数据被相继地转换为视频信号并输出的状态下，动态图像以缓慢再现的方式显示在监视器上。
用于电子内窥镜的处理器可进一步包括判定装置，该判定装置接收用于从第一模式切换到第二或第三模式的控制信号的输入，并当控制信号输入时进行判定控制装置切换至第二模式和第三模式中的哪个，并且控制装置可基于判定装置的判定结果从第一模式切换至第二或第三模式。
在这种情况中，判定装置可进行判定以使每次控制信号输入时第二模式和第三模式被交替切换。
判定装置可仅当在从进行第二模式至第一模式的切换时间开始的预定时间段内输入控制信号时，才进行第一模式切换至第三模式的判定。在这种情况中，预定时间段可对应存储在第一图像存储装置中的图像数据的数量。
优选地，根据本发明的电子内窥镜设备包括上述用于电子内窥镜的处理器之一，并包括：第一输入装置，接收用于指定从第一模式切换到第二或第三模式的输入；第二输入装置，接收用于在第二或第三模式下从第一再现模式切换到第二再现模式的输入；以及第三输入装置，接收用于指定从第二和第三模式切换到第一模式的输入。
利用这种配置，可以获得静止图像并释放用于静止图像的显示状态。
第一输入装置可与第三输入装置相同。
用于电子内窥镜的处理器可进一步包括：第四输入装置，接收用于在第二或第三模式下从第二再现模式切换到第一再现模式的输入。
利用这种配置，当静止图像在监视器上显示一次但由于高度的模糊和色差导致难以观察该静止图像时，可以向后移动至其中存储在第一和第二图像存储装置中的图像数据相继地显示在监视器上的模式，并再次获得静止图像。
此外，在这种情况中，第二输入装置可以与第四输入装置相同。
如上所述，根据本发明，用于电子内窥镜的处理器和电子内窥镜设备能够在短时间内可靠地获得期望的静止图像。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明第一实施方式的电子内窥镜设备的框图。
图2是示出根据本发明第一实施方式的电子内窥镜的处理器中所包括的帧存储器的配置的框图。
图3是示出在根据本发明第一实施方式的电子内窥镜设备中执行的图像记录/再现操作的时序图。
图4是示出由根据本发明第一实施方式的电子内窥镜设备执行的静止图像再现操作的时序图。
图5是示出在根据本发明第二实施方式的电子内窥镜设备中执行的图像记录/再现操作的时序图。
图6是示出在根据本发明第三实施方式的电子内窥镜设备中执行的图像记录/再现操作的时序图。
具体实施方式
下面，参照附图详细说明了本发明实施方式。
（第一实施方式）
将参照图1至图4说明根据本发明第一实施方式的电子内窥镜设备1。图1是根据本发明第一实施方式的电子内窥镜设备1的框图。根据本实施方式的电子内窥镜设备1包括电子内窥镜100、用于电子内窥镜的处理器200以及监视器300。
物镜121和图像拍摄器件120容纳在电子内窥镜100的插入管110中的先端部（插入管先端部）111附近。物镜121将靠近插入管先端部111的对象图像会聚到图像拍摄器件120的光接收面。
图像拍摄器件120输出对应于会聚在光接收面上的图像的图像信号。图像信号经由插入在插入管110内部的信号电缆123被传输至用于电子内窥镜的处理器200的CCD处理电路221。图像拍摄器件120由从电子内窥镜100的连接器部150中所容纳的CCD驱动电路（未示出）输入至图像拍摄器件120的时序脉冲控制。CCD驱动电路输出的时序脉冲的时序由连接部150中所容纳的微处理器（未示出）控制。在图1中，为了便于进行说明，电子内窥镜100和用于电子内窥镜的处理器200被彼此分离地示出；然而，当使用电子内窥镜100时，电子内窥镜100通过连接部150电连接和光连接至用于电子内窥镜的处理器200。
在用于电子内窥镜的处理器200中，容纳有CCD处理电路221、A-D转换器电路222、帧存储器223、视频处理电路224、时序生成器225、CPU210、开关240和照明装置230。CCD处理电路221对从图像拍摄器件120输入的图像信号执行诸如噪声消除处理和放大处理这样的处理，并将该信号传输至A-D转换器电路222。A-D转换器电路222将从CCD处理电路221接收到的模拟图像信号转换为数字图像数据，并输出图像数据至帧存储器223。帧存储器223由能够存储多帧图像数据的存储器（随后描述）构成，并被配置为在时序生成器225的控制下存储图像数据，并输出所存储的图像数据至视频处理电路224。视频处理电路224将从帧存储器223输出的图像数据转换为预定格式的视频信号（例如，NTSC信号），并输出视频信号至连接至用于电子内窥镜的处理器200的监视器300。通过上述处理，电子内窥镜100的插入管先端部111附近的图像被显示在监视器300上。
用于电子内窥镜的处理器200中的CPU210连接至用于电子内窥镜的处理器200中的诸如开关240和时序生成器255这样的各个部件，并根据存储在存储器（未示出）中的程序总体控制用于电子内窥镜的处理器200和电子内窥镜100。开关240是用户进行设置或输入指令至用于电子内窥镜的处理器200所经由的用户接口。例如，开关240是用于获得静止图像的定格（freeze）按钮240a。CPU210根据来自开关240的输入来进行用于电子内窥镜的处理器200和电子内窥镜100的设定或改变其设定。在该实施方式中，当电子内窥镜100连接至用于电子内窥镜的处理器200时，电子内窥镜100的作用（scope）按钮140连接至CPU210，CPU210被配置为能够监视作用按钮140的状态。即，当按压作用按钮140时，指示作用按钮140的按压的作用按钮输入信号SB被传输至CPU210，CPU210能够判定电子内窥镜100的作用按钮140是否被按压。
用于电子内窥镜的处理器200包括：照明装置230，生成用于照射靠近电子内窥镜100的插入管先端部111的部分的照明光。下面，将对用于电子内窥镜的处理器200具有照明装置的功能给出说明。
如图1中所示，用于电子内窥镜的处理器200包括灯231、光圈232和会聚透镜233。导光件130被设置为从插入管110延伸至电子内窥镜100的连接部150。导光件130的先端131布置在电子内窥镜100的插入管先端部111附近，光分配透镜（未示出）布置在插入管先端部111附近。
容纳在用于电子内窥镜的处理器200中的灯231利用灯供电电路（未示出）的电力供应产生照明光。所产生的照明光通过光圈232入射在会聚透镜233上。导光件130被设置为从连接部150向外伸出，在电子内窥镜100连接至用于电子内窥镜的处理器200的状态下，导光件130插入在用于电子内窥镜的处理器200的内部。在导光件130插入在用于电子内窥镜的处理器200的内部的状态下，导光件130的近端132位于会聚透镜233所聚集的照明光入射至的位置处。结果，灯231所产生的照明光入射在导光件130的近端132上，通过导光件130到达先端部131，并通过光分配透镜照射到插入管先端部111附近的活体组织上。光圈232由CPU210控制。即，通过控制光圈232，CPU210调整从灯231入射在导光件130的近端132上的照明光的量，并改变照明光的强度。
图2是示出根据本实施方式的电子内窥镜的处理器200中容纳的帧存储器223的配置的框图。
如图2所示，帧存储器223包括第一存储器223a、第二存储器223b和开关电路223c。第一存储器223a和第二存储器223b中的每一个均由例如包括DRAM的环型存储器构成，并且从A-D转换器电路222输出的数字图像数据作为输入图像数据VIN被输入。根据本实施方式的第一存储器223a和第二存储器223b中的每一个均被配置为能够存储240帧图像数据。第一存储器223a和第二存储器223b中的每一个均连接至时序生成器225，并且写入地址WA和第一存储器读取地址RA1输入至第一存储器223a，写入地址WA和第二存储器读取地址RA2输入至第二存储器223b。
写入地址WA是表示在第一存储器223a和第二存储器223b上存储输入图像数据VIN的地址的数据，在该实施方式中，写入地址WA被共同地输入至第一存储器223a和第二存储器223b。第一存储器223a和第二存储器223b中的每一个均在被时序生成器225设为可写入状态（即，禁止读取状态）时，将输入图像数据VIN存储在由写入地址WA指示的地址处。存储在第一存储器223a和第二存储器223b中的输入图像数据VIN可通过指定第一存储器读取地址RA1和第二存储器读取地址RA2而被读取。当第一存储器223a和第二存储器223b未被时序生成器225设为禁止读取状态（可写入状态）时，存储在第一存储器读取地址RA1和第二存储器读取地址RA2处的图像数据被分别从第一存储器223a和第二存储器223b读出，并且该图像数据作为第一存储器输出MO1和第二存储器输出MO2被输出。
开关电路223c是用于进行输入信号的切换的电路，并由例如多路复用器构成。第一存储器输出MO1、第二存储器输出MO2和直通图像信号TS（即，输入图像数据VIN）被输入至开关电路223c，并且在时序生成器225的控制下，第一存储器输出MO1、第二存储器输出MO2和直通图像信号TS中的一个被选择作为输出图像数据VOUT并输出。之后，从开关电路223c输出的输出图像数据VOUT被传输至视频处理电路224。
如上所述，容纳于根据本实施方式的用于电子内窥镜的处理器200中的帧存储器223包括第一存储器223a和第二存储器223b，其中每一个存储器均存储多帧图像数据，存储在这些存储器中的图像数据在时序生成器225的控制下被读取。时序生成器225由CPU210（图1）控制，并且通过CPU210将存储在存储器（未示出）中的程序执行，下述的图像记录/再现操作被执行。
接着，将参照图3说明根据本实施方式的电子内窥镜设备1所执行的图像记录/再现操作。图3是示出根据本实施方式的电子内窥镜设备1所执行的图像记录/再现操作的时序图。在图3中，对于图1和图2共有的信号，将被分配有相同的参考标号。
当电子内窥镜100、用于电子内窥镜的处理器200和监视器300被启动时，如上所述，从图像拍摄器件120输出的图像信号被传输至CCD处理电路221，并由A-D转换电路222数字化，之后输入图像数据VIN被顺次输入至帧存储器223。用于电子内窥镜的处理器200中的CPU210执行存储在存储器（未示出）中的程序以开始图像记录/再现操作。
图3示出了输入至帧存储器223或自帧存储器223输出的每个信号（数据）、指示按压作用按钮140的作用按钮输入信号SB和指示按压定格按钮240a的定格按钮输入信号FB的状态。为了便于进行描述，使用分配给输入图像数据VIN的（没有括号的）数字，并且该数字指示顺次输入至帧存储器223的输入图像数据VIN的帧编号。此外，分配给直通信号TS、第一存储器输出MO1、第二存储器输出MO2和输出图像数据VOUT的数字（没有括号的）指示这些信号与输入图像数据VIN之间的关系。例如，输出图像数据VOUT的输出“238”指示输入至帧存储器223的输入图像数据VIN作为“帧编号：238”被输出。此外，分配给写入地址WA、第一存储器读取地址RA1和第二存储器读取地址RA2的带括号的数字指示在第一存储器223a和第二存储器地址223b中被访问的地址。
如图3中所示，在第一存储器223a和第二存储器223b处于可写入状态（禁止读取状态）（即，在至输入作用按钮输入信号SB的时间T1的时间段期间）的状态下，当输入图像数据VIN被输入至帧存储器223时，输入图像数据VIN存储在第一存储器223a和第二存储器223b中写入地址WA所指示的地址处。每次在时序生成器225的控制下存储输入图像数据VIN，写入地址WA就递增1。因此，在该状态下，连续输入至帧存储器223的输入图像数据VIN被存储于第一存储器223a和第二存储器223b中由写入地址WA所指示的地址处。如上所述，由于第一存储器223a和第二存储器223b中的每一个均由能够存储240帧图像数据的环型存储器构成，故在第240帧的图像数据被存储后，写入地址WA被设为“1”，其中存储有第一帧图像数据的存储器区域被用第241帧图像数据所改写（overwritten）。如上所述，在至按压作用按钮140时的时间的时间段期间（至输入作用按钮输入信号SB的时间T1的时间段），240帧图像数据被以更新的方式顺次存储在第一存储器223a和第二存储器223b中。开关电路223c被配置为在时序生成器225的控制下选择并输出直通信号TS直至作用按钮140被按压。因此，与输入图像数据VIN相同的数据被作为输出图像数据VOUT输出。如上所述，输入图像数据VIN顺次存储在第一存储器223a和第二存储器223b中且直通信号TS作为输出图像数据VOUT被输出的状态被称为第一模式。
在第一模式中，当CPU210检测到作用按钮140被按压（T1）时，CPU210控制时序生成器225来进行第一回放（rewind）再现处理。当执行第一回放再现处理时，时序生成器225在CPU210的控制下将第一存储器223a设定为处于禁止写入状态（可读取状态），并且在将开关电路223c的输出切换为第一存储器输出MO1之后，时序生成器225将第一存储器读取地址RA1设定为写入地址WA的直接在前值。之后，每次新的输入图像数据VIN被输入至帧存储器223，第一存储器读取地址RA1递减1。在图3的情况下，当作用按钮140被按压时（T1），直接在前写入地址WA是“2”，存储在该地址处的数据是“帧编号：242”的输入图像数据VIN。因此，当最初按压作用按钮140时，“2”被设在第一存储器读取地址RA1处，“帧编号：242”的输入图像数据VIN被读出。之后，每次新的输入图像数据VIN被输入至帧存储器223，第一存储器读取地址RA1递减“1”，如按“240”、“239”……递减，“帧编号：241”、“帧编号：240”、“帧编号：239”……的输入图像数据VIN帧被顺次输出。
如上所述，当执行第一回放再现处理时，存储在第一存储器223a中的图像数据以始于最近帧的逆向时间顺序被读出，从而以回放的方式输出视频。根据本实施方式的第一帧存储器223a由能够存储240帧图像数据的环型存储器构成。因此，在回退240帧之后，视频再次返回至最近帧（图3中的帧编号242），再次顺次读出旧帧。即使当执行第一回放再现处理时，第二存储器223b仍处于禁止读取状态（可写入状态），并且输入图像数据VIN被顺次存储在由写入地址WA所指示的地址处。如上所述，在将输入图像数据VIN存储在第二存储器223b中的同时从第一存储器223a读出图像数据，并且第一存储器输出MO1作为输出图像数据VOUT被输出的状态被称为第二模式。
在第二模式中，当CPU210检测到作用按钮140被按压时（T1），CPU210控制时序生成器225来停止第一回放再现处理。当第一回放再现处理被停止时，时序生成器225将第一存储器223a设定为禁止读取状态（可写入状态），并在CPU210的控制下将开关电路223c的输出切换为直通信号TS。结果，输入图像数据VIN再次被顺次存储在第一存储器223a，与输入图像数据VIN相同的数据作为输出图像数据VOUT被输出。即，模式返回第一模式。
当CPU210检测到作用按钮140被按压时（T3），CPU210控制时序生成器225执行第二回放再现处理。当执行第二回放再现处理时，时序生成器225将第二存储器223b设定为禁止写入状态（可读取状态），并在CPU210的控制下将开关电路223c的输出切换至第二存储器输出MO2并设定第二存储器读取地址RA2为写入地址WA的直接在前值。之后，每次新的输入图像数据VIN输入至帧存储器223，第二存储器读取地址RA1就递减1。在图3的情况中，当作用按钮140被按压时（T3），直接在前写入地址WA是“1”，并且存储在该地址处的数据是“帧编号：721”的输入图像数据VIN。因此，当作用按钮140被按压时，初始在第二存储器读取地址RA2处设“1”，“帧编号：721”的输入图像数据VIN被读出。之后，每次新的输入图像数据VIN被输入至帧存储器223，第二存储器读取地址RA2按“240”、“239”、“238”……递减，并且帧“帧编号：720”、“帧编号：719”、“帧编号：718”……的输入图像数据VIN被顺次读出并被输出。
如上所述，当执行第二回放再现处理时，存储在第二存储器223b中的图像数据以始于最近帧的逆向时间顺序输出，并且以回放的方式输出视频。根据本实施方式的第二存储器223b由能够存储240帧图像数据的环型存储器构成。因此，在回退240帧之后，视频再次返回至最近帧（图3中的帧编号721），再次顺次读出旧帧。即使当执行第二回放再现处理时，第一存储器223a仍处于禁止读取状态（可写入状态），并且输入图像数据VIN被顺次存储在由写入地址WA所指示的地址处。如上所述，在将输入图像数据VIN存储在第一存储器223a中的同时从第二存储器223a读出图像数据，并将第二存储器输出MO2作为输出图像数据VOUT输出的状态被称为第三模式。
在第三模式中，当CPU210检测到作用按钮140被按压时（T4），CPU210控制时序生成器225来停止第二回放再现处理。当第二回放再现处理被停止时，时序生成器225将第二存储器223b设定为禁止读取状态（可写入状态），并在CPU210的控制下将开关电路223c的输出切换为直通信号TS。结果，输入图像数据VIN再次被顺次存储在第二存储器223b，并且与输入图像数据VIN相同的数据作为输出图像数据VOUT被输出。即，模式返回第一模式。应注意的是，当检测到作用按钮140被按压之后时，就引起上述模式的转换，即每次检测到作用按钮140被按压，模式就以第二模式、第一模式、第三模式、第一模式的顺序变化。
如上所述，在根据本实施方式的电子内窥镜设备1中，每次CPU210检测到作用按钮140被按压时，模式就以第一模式、第二模式、第一模式、第三模式和第一模式的顺序改变。在第二模式中，在将输入图像数据VIN存储在第二存储器223b的同时从第一存储器223a读取图像数据，并且第一存储器输出MO1作为输出图像数据VOUT被输出。在第三模式中，在将输入图像数据存储在第一存储器223a中的同时从第二存储器223b读出图像数据，并且第二存储器输出MO2作为输出图像数据VOUT被输出。即，即使当第一存储器223a和第二存储器223b中的一个被设为可读状态（即禁止写入状态）时，另一个仍继续顺次地存储输入图像数据VIN。因此，即使当运行第一回放再现处理或第二回放再现处理时，最近的240帧图像数据可被存储在第一存储器223a和第二存储器223b中的一个中。因此，如随后所述，在本实施方式中，静止图像在第二模式或第三模式中被获得，从而使得能够重复地重新拍摄静止图像而无需等待将图像数据存储在存储器中。
图4是示出根据本实施方式的电子内窥镜设备1执行的静止图像再现操作的时序图。并详细示出对应于图3中的T3～T6的时序。在图4中，相同的附图标记被分配给与图3共有的信号。
在第二模式中，当CPU210检测到定格按钮240a（图1）被按压时（T5），CPU210控制时序生成器255来停止第一存储器地址RA1的递减，并且第一回放再现处理被暂时停止。之后，当定格按钮240a（图1）被按压（T5～T6的时间段）时，第一存储器读取地址RA1被CPU210（图4的情况中是“235”）保持在按压定格按钮240a直接之前的值。因此，当定格按钮240a被按压时，第一存储器223a继续重复输出存储在地址中的“帧编号：235”的输入图像数据VIN。因此，在定格按钮240a被按压时（时间段T5～T6），“帧编号235”的静止图像被显示在监视器300上。
图3中的T7～T8的时间段对应于在第三模式下定格按钮240a（图1）被按压的情况，在这种情况中，也可获得时间段T5～T6的情况下的静止图像。
如上所述，在该实施方式中，在第二模式或第三模式中获得静止图像。因此，可以重复地重新拍摄静止图像而无需等待将图像数据存储入存储器。因此，当期望的静止图像无法通过一次操作获得时，即使当重复执行静止图像的重新拍摄时，也可在相对较短的时间段内获得所期望的静止图像。
（第一实施方式的变形）
在第一实施方式中，每次CPU210检测到作用按钮140被按压时，模式就以第一模式、第二模式、第一模式、第三模式、第一模式的顺序改变。然而，本发明并不限于这样的配置。例如，在模式从第二模式变为第一模式的情况中，当在从转换起的预定时间段内检测到作用按钮140被按压时，模式可改变为第三模式，并且当自转换起逝去预定的时间段之后检测到作用按钮140被按压时，模式可再次改变为第二模式。根据第一实施方式的第一存储器223a和第二存储器223b中的每一个被配置为能够存储240帧图像数据。因此，当从图像拍摄器件120输出的图像信号的帧速率是每秒60帧时，对应于直接在前4秒的图像数据被分别存储在第一存储器223a和第二存储器223b中。换句话说，第一存储器223a和第二存储器223b中的图像数据每4秒被完全替换（刷新）。因此，当模式从第二模式改变为第一模式时，在转换后逝去第一存储器223a的刷新所需的时间段（4秒）之后，模式可再次移至第二模式。
（第二实施方式）
接着，将参照图5说明根据本发明第二实施方式的电子内窥镜设备2。根据本发明第二实施方式的电子内窥镜设备2具有与根据图1和图2所示的第一实施方式的电子内窥镜设备1相同的构造，与第一实施方式的不同之处仅在于图像记录/再现操作。在下面，将详细说明与第一实施方式的不同点。
图5是示出由根据本发明第二实施方式的电子内窥镜设备2执行的图像记录/再现操作的时序图。根据第二实施方式的图像记录/再现操作与根据图3所示的第一实施方式的图像记录/再现操作的不同之处在于，在图像记录/再现操作的第二模式和第三模式中，第一存储器223a和第二存储器223b上相同的图像数据被基于速度设定输入信号SS多次读出，且图像以缓慢回放的方式被再现。
速度设定输入信号SS由用户通过用于电子内窥镜的处理器200的开关240输入，且为指示诸如2倍慢速（×2）或三倍慢速（×3）这样的缓慢再现程度的数据。速度设定输入信号SS经由开关240传输至CPU210，并且CPU210基于速度设定输入信号SS控制时序生成器225。
如第一实施方式的情况中那样，在第一模式中，当CPU210检测到作用按钮140被按压时（T1），CPU210控制时序生成器225进行第一回放再现处理。当执行第一回放再现处理时，时序生成器225将第一存储器223a设定为禁止写入状态（可读取状态），将开关电路223c的输出切换为第一存储器输出MO1，并在CPU210的控制下将第一存储器读取地址RA1设定为写入地址WA的直接在前值。之后，当速度设定输入信号SS被设定为2倍慢速（×2）时（至T9的时间段，始于T10的时间段），每次对应于两帧的输入图像数据VIN被输入至帧存储器223时，时序生成器225将第一读取地址RA1递减1。当速度设定输入信号SS被设定为3倍慢速（×3）时（T9至T10的时间段），每次对应于3帧的图像数据VIN被输入至帧存储器223时，时序生成器225就将第一读取地址RA1递减1。在图5的情况中，当作用按钮140（T1）被按压时，写入地址WA的直接在前值是“2”，并且存储在该地址的数据是“帧编号：242”的输入图像数据VIN。此外，当作用按钮140被按压时（T1），速度设定输入信号SS被设为2倍慢速（×2）。因此，当作用按钮140被按压时，第一存储器读取地址RA1初始被设为“2”，“帧编号：242”的输入图像数据VIN被读出。当新的输入图像数据VIN被输入至帧存储器223时，第一存储器读取地址RA1保持在“2”，并且“帧编号242”的输入图像数据VIN被再次读出。因此，在至T9的时间段期间，每次第一存储器223a的相同地址处的图像数据被读取两次时，第一存储器读取地址RA1就递减1。当在T9处速度设定输入信号SS被设为3倍慢速（×3）时，之后，（在至T10的时间段期间）每次位于第一存储器223a的相同地址处的图像数据被读出三次，第一存储器读取地址RA1就递减1。
如上所述，在该实施方式中，当第一回放再现处理被执行时，存储在第一存储器223a的图像数据被从最近的数据顺次地读出预定次数，并进行慢速回放再现。因此，根据本实施方式，用户能够在观察慢速回放图像的同时进行用于获得静止图像的操作（对定格按钮240a的操作）。因此，可以在短时间内获得期望的静止图像。如第一实施方式中的情况那样，当模式从第一模式移至第三模式时，还进行慢速回放再现。此外，该操作与模式从第一模式移至第二模式时的情况相同，并因此省略其说明。
（第三实施方式）
接着，将参照图6说明根据本发明第三实施方式的电子内窥镜设备3。根据本发明第三实施方式的电子内窥镜设备3具有与根据图1和图2所示的第一实施方式的电子内窥镜设备1相同的配置，与第一实施方式的不同之处仅在于图像记录/再现操作。下面，将详细说明与第一实施方式的不同点。
图6是示出由根据本发明第三实施方式的电子内窥镜设备3执行的图像记录/再现操作的时序图。第三实施方式与根据图3所示的根据第一实施方式的电子内窥镜设备1的图像记录/再现操作的不同之处在于，在图像记录/再现操作的第二模式和第三模式中，不进行第一回放再现处理和第二回放再现处理，且以从最早的数据开始的时间顺序读出第一存储器223a中存储的图像数据（即，向前再现）。
当在第一模式下CPU210检测到作用按钮被按压时（T1），CPU210控制时序生成器225进行第一向前再现处理。当执行向前再现处理时，时序生成器225将第一存储器223a设定为禁止写入状态（可读取状态），将开关电路223c的输出切换为第一存储器输出MO1，并将第一存储器读取地址RA1设定为通过将写入地址WA的直接在前值加“1”获得的值。之后，每次新的输入图像数据VIN被输入至帧存储器223时，时序生成器225就将第一读取地址RA1递减1。在图6的情况中，当作用按钮140被按压时（T1），写入地址WA的直接在前值是“2”，因此，第一存储器地址RA1的初始值被设为通过将“2”加“1”得到的“3”。之后，存储在该地址处的“帧编号：3”的输入图像数据VIN被读出。之后，每次新输入图像数据VIN被输入至帧存储器223时，第一存储器读取地址RA1按“4”、“5”、“6”……递增，“帧编号：4”、“帧编号：5”、“帧编号：6”……的输入图像数据VIN被顺次读出。
如上所述，当执行根据本实施方式的第一向前再现处理时，存储在第一存储器223a中的图像数据被以始于最早的数据的时间顺序读出，因此视频以向前方向被再现和输出。根据本实施方式的第一存储器223a由能够存储240帧图像数据的环型存储器构成。因此，在再现240帧图像数据之后，视频再次返回至最早的帧（图3中的帧编号3），且新的帧再次被顺次读出。
如上所述，根据第三实施方式的图像记录/再现操作与图3中所示的第一实施方式的图像记录/再现操作的不同之处在于，存储在第一存储器223a中的图像数据被以从最早的数据开始的时间顺序读出。然而，第三实施方式与第一实施方式相同之处在于，在第二模式或第三模式获得静止图像，并且所提供的优势在于，静止图像可被重复地重新拍摄而无需等待将图像数据存储在存储器中。如第一实施方式的情况中那样，当模式从第一模式移至第三模式，其中存储在第二存储器223b的图像数据被以从最早数据开始的时间顺序读出的第二向前再现处理被进行。然而，由于该处理与其中模式从第一模式移至第二模式的上述情况相同，其说明省略。
如上所述，在本发明的第一实施方式、第二实施方式和第三实施方式中，基于电子内窥镜100的作用按钮140的操作进行图像记录/再现操作的第一模式至第三模式之间的切换。然而，本发明不限于这样的配置。例如，可基于用于电子内窥镜的处理器200的开关240的操作进行第一模式至第三模式之间的切换。类似地，定格按钮240a和速度设定按钮240b不限于用于电子内窥镜的处理器200的开关240，并可设置在电子内窥镜100上。
Claims (11)
1.一种用于电子内窥镜的处理器，所述处理器用于处理来自所述电子内窥镜的图像信号并在监视器显示图像，所述处理器包括：
图像数据生成装置，用于根据所述图像信号生成图像数据；
第一图像存储装置和第二图像存储装置，所述第一图像存储装置和所述第二图像存储装置中的每一个均能够存储多帧图像数据；
信号处理装置，用于将所述图像数据转换为能够在所述监视器上显示的视频信号；以及
控制装置，用于控制所述信号处理装置和所述第一图像存储装置和所述第二图像存储装置，
其中，所述控制装置执行以下控制之一：
第一模式，在所述第一模式下，由所述图像数据生成装置生成的所述图像数据被顺次转换为所述视频信号并输出，并被顺次存储在所述第一图像存储装置和所述第二图像存储装置中；
第二模式，在所述第二模式下，存储在所述第一图像存储装置中的所述图像数据被转换为所述视频信号并输出，并且由所述图像数据生成装置生成的所述图像数据被顺次存储于所述第二图像存储装置中；以及
第三模式，在所述第三模式下，存储于所述第二图像存储装置中的所述图像数据被转换为所述视频信号并输出，并且由所述图像数据生成装置生成的所述图像数据被顺次存储于所述第一图像存储装置中，
其中：
在所述第二模式下，能够切换第一再现模式和第二再现模式，在所述第一再现模式下，存储于所述第一图像存储装置中的多个图像数据被相继地转换为所述视频信号并输出，以及在所述第二再现模式下，存储于所述第一图像存储装置中的所述多个图像数据中的一个图像数据被重复地转换为所述视频信号并输出；以及
在所述第三模式下，能够切换所述第一再现模式和所述第二再现模式，在所述第一再现模式下，存储于所述第二图像存储装置中的多个图像数据被相继地转换为所述视频信号并输出，以及在所述第二再现模式下，存储于所述第二图像存储装置中的所述多个图像数据中的一个图像数据被重复地转换为所述视频信号并输出，
所述用于电子内窥镜的处理器进一步包括：
判定装置，所述判定装置接收用于从所述第一模式切换至所述第二模式或所述第三模式的控制信号的输入，并当输入所述控制信号时判定所述控制装置切换至所述第二模式和所述第三模式中的哪一个，
其中，所述判定装置仅在所述控制信号在自执行所述第二模式至所述第一模式的切换的时间开始的预定时间段内被输入时才判定从所述第一模式切换至所述第三模式，
其中，所述控制装置基于所述判定装置的判定结果从所述第一模式切换至所述第二模式或所述第三模式。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于电子内窥镜的处理器，
其中，当在所述第二模式或所述第三模式下所述控制装置从所述第一再现模式切换至所述第二再现模式时，正好在切换至所述第二再现模式之前输出的所述图像数据被重复转换为所述视频信号并输出。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的用于电子内窥镜的处理器，
其中，在所述第二模式的所述第一再现模式下，存储在所述第一图像存储装置中的所述多个图像数据被以关于存储时间逆向的时间顺序顺次转换为所述视频信号并输出，或在所述第三模式的所述第一再现模式下，存储在所述第二图像存储装置中的所述多个图像数据被以关于存储时间逆向的时间顺序顺次转换为所述视频信号并输出。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的用于电子内窥镜的处理器，
其中，在所述第二模式的所述第一再现模式下，存储在所述第一图像存储装置中的所述多个图像数据被以关于存储时间的时间顺序顺次转换为所述视频信号并输出，或在所述第三模式的所述第一再现模式下，存储在所述第二图像存储装置中的所述多个图像数据被以关于存储时间的时间顺序顺次转换为所述视频信号并输出。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的用于电子内窥镜的处理器，
其中，在所述第二模式的所述第一再现模式下，存储在所述第一图像存储装置中的所述多个图像数据中的每一个被相继地多次转换为所述视频信号并输出，或在所述第三模式的所述第一再现模式下，存储在所述第二图像存储装置中的所述多个图像数据中的每一个被相继地多次转换为所述视频信号并输出。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的用于电子内窥镜的处理器，
其中，所述判定装置在每次输入所述控制信号时进行判定以使所述第二模式和所述第三模式被交替地切换。
7.根据权利要求6所述的用于电子内窥镜的处理器，
其中，所述预定时间段对应于能够被存储在所述第一图像存储装置中的图像数据的数量。
8.一种电子内窥镜设备，包括：
根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的用于电子内窥镜的处理器；以及
电子内窥镜，连接至所述用于电子内窥镜的处理器，
所述电子内窥镜设备进一步包括：
第一输入装置，用于接收用于指示从所述第一模式切换至所述第二模式或所述第三模式的输入；
第二输入装置，接收用于在所述第二模式或所述第三模式下从所述第一再现模式切换至所述第二再现模式的输入；以及
第三输入装置，接收用于指示从所述第二模式和所述第三模式切换至所述第一模式的输入。
9.根据权利要求8所述的电子内窥镜设备，
其中，所述第一输入装置与所述第三输入装置相同。
10.根据权利要求8或9所述的电子内窥镜设备，
进一步包括：第四输入装置，接收用于在所述第二模式或所述第三模式下从所述第二再现模式切换至所述第一再现模式的输入。
11.根据权利要求10所述的电子内窥镜设备，
其中，所述第二输入装置与所述第四输入装置相同。
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| US20130123576A1 (en) | 2013-05-16 |
| WO2012046518A1 (ja) | 2012-04-12 |
| JP2012080908A (ja) | 2012-04-26 |
| DE112011103386B4 (de) | 2020-10-29 |
| CN103153163A (zh) | 2013-06-12 |
| JP5636247B2 (ja) | 2014-12-03 |
| US9332890B2 (en) | 2016-05-10 |
| DE112011103386T5 (de) | 2013-08-08 |
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