CN103141673B - Large yellow croaker buoyant puffing feed without fish meal and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Large yellow croaker buoyant puffing feed without fish meal and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103141673B CN103141673B CN201310044059.6A CN201310044059A CN103141673B CN 103141673 B CN103141673 B CN 103141673B CN 201310044059 A CN201310044059 A CN 201310044059A CN 103141673 B CN103141673 B CN 103141673B
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Abstract
The invention discloses large yellow croaker buoyant puffing feed without fish meal and preparation method of the feed. 1000kg of the feed comprises 0-16kg of dephenolized cottonseed protein, 13-19kg of spray-dried blood cells, 160-200kg of soy protein concentrate, 240-280kg of rice protein powder, 180-200kg of fish soluble plasma protein, 28-30kg of monocalcium phosphate, 20kg of wheat gluten, 213kg of wheat flour, 7kg of Chinese wolfberries, 20kg of phosphatidic oil, 40kg of fish oil, 5kg of fish microelements, 2.5kg of betaine hydrochloride, 3kg of salt, 1.75kg of fish multiple vitamins, 1kg of choline chloride, 1kg of L-carnitine, 1kg of mildew preventive, 1.55kg of zeolite powder and 0.2kg of ethoxy quinoline. The feed adopts animal by-products and vegetable protein to replace fish meal feed, the raw materials are combined cooperatively, minimum feed cost and maximum benefits are achieved, and the problem that cultivation cost is high is solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of large yellow croaker without fish meal buoyancy expanding feed and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Large yellow croaker is the economic kind of China's carnivorous aquaculture famous-particular-excellent of crucial importance, and gross annual output amount is more than approximately 100,000 tons.But the artifical compound feed of this predacious fish of large yellow croaker be unable to do without a high proportion of high-quality fish meal always for a long time, and the raiser who even has is the object that reaches large yellow croaker Fast Growth, directly with chilled, live bait, throws something and feeds.Domesticly annual therefore to consume ten thousand tons of fish meal of 7-8 for the production of large yellow croaker feed.
In prior art, in large yellow croaker puffing material, generally contain following material (in every 1000 kilograms): 460 ~ 550 kilograms of imported fish meals, 200 ~ 220 kilograms, flour, 46% dregs of beans (described percentage is the mass percent that the protein in dregs of beans accounts for dregs of beans), 100 ~ 120 kg, 50 ~ 90 kilograms of corn protein powders, 20 ~ 40 kilograms of peanut meals, 10 ~ 20 kilograms of brewer's yeasts, 10 ~ 30 kilograms of cuttlefish cream, 10 ~ 20 kilograms of calcium dihydrogen phosphates, 10 ~ 20 kilograms of phosphatide oils, 10 ~ 20 kilograms, fish oil, 5 kilograms of fish trace elements, 2.5 kilograms of beet alkali hydrochlorates, 2 kilograms of salt, 1.75 kilograms of fish multidimensional, 1 kilogram of Choline Chloride, 1 kilogram of mould inhibitor, 1.55 kilograms of zeolite powders, 0.2 kilogram of ethoxyquinoline.
This formula technique and the mode of production be strong to fish meal dependence, cause raiser's aquaculture cost higher, low in economic efficiency.And along with the shortage of global fish meal resource, this fish-meal at high proportion will become the great bottleneck of large yellow croaker industry development.This phenomenon is urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention be overcome existing large yellow croaker feed formula technology and the mode of production strong to fish meal dependence, cause raiser's aquaculture cost higher, low in economic efficiency defect, provide a kind of new large yellow croaker without fish meal buoyancy expanding feed and preparation method thereof, can replace routine to contain the large yellow croaker feed of fish meal at high proportion, solve high, strong to the fish meal dependence problem of large yellow croaker aquaculture cost, realize feed cost and drop into minimized, maximizing the benefits.
Object of the present invention, be to provide a kind of large yellow croaker without fish meal buoyancy expanding feed, this feed is in 1000 kilograms, its formula contains following material: 0 ~ 16 kilogram of dephenolization cottonseed protein, 13 ~ 19 kilograms of globulin powders, 160 ~ 200 kilograms of FSPCs, 240 ~ 280 kilograms of rice protein powders, 0 ~ 200 kilogram of the molten slurry protein 18 of fish, 28 ~ 30 kilograms of calcium dihydrogen phosphates, 20 kilograms of wheat gluten proteins, 213 kilograms of wheat flours, 7 kilograms of matrimony vines, 20 kilograms of phosphatide oils, 40 kilograms, fish oil, 5 kilograms of fish trace elements, 2.5 kilograms of beet alkali hydrochlorates, 3 kilograms of salt, 1.75 kilograms of fish multidimensional, 1 kilogram of Choline Chloride, 1 kilogram of l-cn, 1 kilogram of mould inhibitor, 1.55 kilograms of zeolite powders, 0.2 kilogram of ethoxyquinoline.
In the present invention, described dephenolization cottonseed protein is the feed dephenolization cottonseed protein of this area routine, for the accessory substance after cottonseed processing cottonseed oil, remove wherein gossypol and obtain with low temperature detoxification technology, its main component is generally: crude protein 50% ~ 55%, coarse ash 6.5% ~ 8.0%, group fiber 6% ~ 9%, described percentage is the mass percent that accounts for dephenolization cottonseed protein.
In the present invention, described globulin powder is the feed globulin powder of this area routine, and its main component is generally: crude protein 88% ~ 92%, crude fat <2%, coarse ash <10%, described percentage is the mass percent that accounts for globulin powder.
In the present invention, described FSPC is the feed FSPC of this area routine, for high-quality dregs of beans is removed the soy protein products making after water-soluble or the non-protein part of alcohol dissolubility.Its main component is generally: crude protein 65% ~ 70%, and crude fat <0.8%, coarse ash <6%, group fiber <4%, described percentage is the mass percent that accounts for FSPC.
In the present invention, described rice protein powder is the feed rice protein powder of this area routine, for producing the accessory substance of rice starch, its main component is generally: crude protein 65% ~ 75%, crude fat <6%, coarse ash <4%, described percentage is the mass percent that accounts for rice protein powder.
In the present invention, the molten slurry albumen of fish that the molten slurry albumen of described fish is this area routine, is the accessory substance while producing fish meal, and it is rich in oligopeptide, nucleic acid and other growth factors, contains extremely strong taste with sweet and sour flavor, attractant good palatability.Its main component is generally: crude protein 60% ~ 70%, and coarse ash 2% ~ 3%, crude fat 2% ~ 4%, described percentage is the mass percent that accounts for the molten slurry albumen of fish.
In the present invention, described calcium dihydrogen phosphate is the feed calcium dihydrogen phosphate of this area routine, general calcium content 16%, and phosphorus content 21%, described percentage is the mass percent that accounts for calcium dihydrogen phosphate.
In the present invention, described wheat gluten protein is the wheat gluten protein of this area routine, it is the accessory substance of producing wheaten starch, its main component is generally: crude protein 80 ~ 85%, crude fat <2%, coarse ash <2%, described percentage is the mass percent that accounts for wheat gluten protein.
In the present invention, described wheat flour is the feed wheat flour of this area routine, and it generally refers to the flour extracting after wheat bran.Main component is generally: crude protein 11 ~ 14%, and coarse ash <1.2%, described percentage is the mass percent that accounts for wheat flour.
In the present invention, described phosphatide oil is the feed phosphatide oil of this area routine, is the product extracting from produce the oil foot of soybean oil.General content of phospholipid is 65%, and described percentage is the mass percent accounting for.
In the present invention, described fish oil is the feed fish oil of this area routine, and its main component is generally: crude fat >99%, and moisture <1%, described percentage is the mass percent that accounts for fish oil.
In the present invention, described fish trace element is the fish trace element of this area routine, generally comprises ferrous sulfate monohydrate, monohydrate zinc sulphate, cupric sulfate pentahydrate, manganese sulfate monohydrate, calcium iodate diluent and sodium selenite diluent.In described fish trace element, each element index is: iron 8000ppm, and zinc 5000ppm, copper 300ppm, manganese 1000ppm, iodine 200ppm and selenium 40ppm, described part per million is the quality part per million that accounts for fish trace element.
In the present invention, described beet alkali hydrochlorate is the feed garden beet alkali salt hydrochlorate of this area routine, is generally beet alkali hydrochlorate 98%, and described percentage is the mass percent that accounts for beet alkali hydrochlorate.
In the present invention, described salt is the fodder salt of this area routine.
In the present invention, described fish multidimensional is the fish multidimensional of this area routine, refers generally to be designated as the vitamin A that contains 5700000IU/kg, the vitamin D of 1400000IU/kg
3, the vitamin E of 57000IU/kg, the vitamin K of 10700mg/kg
3, the Cobastab of 6850mg/kg
1, the Cobastab of 11400mg/kg
2, the Cobastab of 11200mg/kg
6, the Cobastab of 28.5mg/kg
12, the pantothenic acid of 25200mg/kg, the nicotinic acid of 34200mg/kg, the folic acid of 2170mg/kg, the V of 100000mg/kg
c, the inositol of 142000mg/kg, and the biotin of 114mg/kg.
In the present invention, described Choline Chloride is the feed Choline Chloride of this area routine, is generally Choline Chloride 50%, and described percentage is the mass percent that accounts for Choline Chloride.
In the present invention, described l-cn is the feed l-cn of this area routine, and general content is 20%, and described percentage is the mass percent that accounts for l-cn.
In the present invention, the mould inhibitor that described mould inhibitor is this area.
In the present invention, described zeolite powder is the feed zeolite powder of this area routine.The general ammonia amount of inhaling is more than 150mmol/100g.
In the present invention, described ethoxyquinoline is the antioxidant of this area routine, and general content is 60%, and described percentage is the mass percent that accounts for ethoxyquinoline.
Preferably, large yellow croaker of the present invention is without fish meal buoyancy expanding feed, in 1000 kilograms its contain following material: 8 kilograms of dephenolization cottonseed proteins, 16 kilograms of globulin powders, 160 kilograms of FSPCs, 280 kilograms of rice protein powders, 0 kilogram of the molten slurry protein 19 of fish, 29 kilograms of calcium dihydrogen phosphates, 20 kilograms of wheat gluten proteins, 213 kilograms of wheat flours, 7 kilograms of matrimony vines, 20 kilograms of phosphatide oils, 40 kilograms, fish oil, 5 kilograms of fish trace elements, 2.5 kilograms of beet alkali hydrochlorates, 3 kilograms of salt, 1.75 kilograms of fish multidimensional, 1 kilogram of Choline Chloride, 1 kilogram of l-cn, 1 kilogram of mould inhibitor, 1.55 kilograms of zeolite powders, 0.2 kilogram of ethoxyquinoline.
Preferably, large yellow croaker of the present invention is without fish meal buoyancy expanding feed, in 1000 kilograms its contain following material: 16 kilograms of dephenolization cottonseed proteins, 19 kilograms of globulin powders, 180 kilograms of FSPCs, 240 kilograms of rice protein powders, 0 kilogram of the molten slurry protein 20 of fish, 28 kilograms of calcium dihydrogen phosphates, 20 kilograms of wheat gluten proteins, 213 kilograms of wheat flours, 7 kilograms of matrimony vines, 20 kilograms of phosphatide oils, 40 kilograms, fish oil, 5 kilograms of fish trace elements, 2.5 kilograms of beet alkali hydrochlorates, 3 kilograms of salt, 1.75 kilograms of fish multidimensional, 1 kilogram of Choline Chloride, 1 kilogram of l-cn, 1 kilogram of mould inhibitor, 1.55 kilograms of zeolite powders, 0.2 kilogram of ethoxyquinoline.
Preferably, large yellow croaker of the present invention is without fish meal buoyancy expanding feed, in 1000 kilograms its contain following material: 13 kilograms of globulin powders, 200 kilograms of FSPCs, 260 kilograms of rice protein powders, 0 kilogram of the molten slurry protein 18 of fish, 30 kilograms of calcium dihydrogen phosphates, 20 kilograms of wheat gluten proteins, 213 kilograms of wheat flours, 7 kilograms of matrimony vines, 20 kilograms of phosphatide oils, 40 kilograms, fish oil, 5 kilograms of fish trace elements, 2.5 kilograms of beet alkali hydrochlorates, 3 kilograms of salt, 1.75 kilograms of fish multidimensional, 1 kilogram, choline, 1 kilogram of l-cn, 1 kilogram of mould inhibitor, 1.55 kilograms of zeolite powders, 0.2 kilogram of ethoxyquinoline.
Large yellow croaker of the present invention is without also containing conventional various other additives that add in this area in fish meal buoyancy expanding feed, as long as it does not significantly affect large yellow croaker of the present invention without fish meal buoyancy expanding feed efficiency.
Two of object of the present invention, be to provide a kind of large yellow croaker without the preparation method of fish meal buoyancy expanding feed, this preparation method comprises the steps: by formula, fish trace element, Choline Chloride, salt, fish multidimensional, beet alkali hydrochlorate, l-cn, mould inhibitor, ethoxyquinoline, zeolite powder are mixed, make little feed additives; FSPC, rice protein powder, dephenolization cottonseed protein, wheat gluten protein, globulin powder, wheat flour, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, the molten slurry albumen of fish, matrimony vine, after large raw material mixes, are added to described little feed additives; After mixing, carry out ultramicro grinding; Phosphatide oil, fish oil are mixed to modified, expanded, oven dry, cooling afterwards with aforementioned each composition.
Wherein, preferably, described large raw material mixes in primary mixer; Better, described large raw material enters in described mixer by computer automatic blending.
Wherein, preferably, described ultramicro grinding is carried out in micronizer; The fineness of described pulverizing is more than 95% raw material reaches 80 orders; Described percentage is the mass percent that accounts for raw material.
Wherein, preferably, after described ultramicro grinding, raw material enters second drum mixer.
Wherein, preferably, described mixes phosphatide oil, fish oil in second drum mixer and carries out with aforementioned each composition.
Wherein, preferably, described modifiedly carry out in quality-adjusting device, better, described is modified for emphasizing matter; The described matter of emphasizing is carried out with differential quality-adjusting device; Preferably, described refining temperature is 90 ℃ ~ 95 ℃; Described modified rear moisture is 22 ~ 25%, and described percentage is the mass percent that accounts for raw material.
Wherein, preferably, described expandedly carry out in twin-screw Bulking Machine, described expanded parameter is: 125 ℃ of temperature, moisture 22 ~ 27%, puffed degree 1.5.
Wherein, preferably, described oven dry is carried out in baker, and the moisture after described oven dry is below 10%.
Wherein, preferably, described when quick cooling, material temperature and the room temperature temperature difference are in 5 ℃.
Wherein, after described large yellow croaker makes without fish meal buoyancy expanding feed, generally according to the packing of being weighed of this area conventional method, warehouse-in.
In above-mentioned preparation method, if described percentage, without specified otherwise, is the mass percent that accounts for raw material.
Agents useful for same of the present invention and raw material except specified otherwise, equal commercially available obtaining.
Meeting on the basis of this area general knowledge, in the present invention, the optimum condition of each above-mentioned technical characterictic can be combined and obtain preferred embodiments.
Positive progressive effect of the present invention is: large yellow croaker of the present invention is without fish meal buoyancy expanding feed, use low price, originate abundant animal byproduct and vegetable protein, the feed that replaces the expensive fish meal of existing use, each raw material synergistic combination is used, realize feed cost and dropped into minimized, maximizing the benefits, solved the high problem of aquaculture cost.
The specific embodiment
Mode below by embodiment further illustrates the present invention, but does not therefore limit the present invention among described scope of embodiments.The experimental technique of unreceipted actual conditions in the following example, according to conventional method and condition, or selects according to catalogue.
In following embodiment, raw materials used source is as shown in table 1:
The raw material using in table 1 embodiment and purchase producer thereof
| Raw material | Buy producer |
| Dephenolization cottonseed protein | Shanghai Yuan Yao trade Co., Ltd |
| Rice protein powder | Anhui Hui Jia Bioisystech Co., Ltd |
| Wheat gluten protein | Qingdao Hai Daer starch Co., Ltd |
| FSPC | Wandefu Ind Co., Ltd., Shandong |
| Globulin powder | En Bi biotech inc, Wuhan |
| Fish soluble slurry protein powder | Aquatic feeds Co., Ltd of Rongcheng City Yuxin |
| Wheat flour | Five Suqian, the group Jiangsu flour Co., Ltds that get profit |
| Matrimony vine | Shanghai Jinfeng Wine Brewing Co.,Ltd |
Embodiment 1
Large yellow croaker is without fish meal buoyancy expanding feed, in 1000 kilograms its contain following material: 8 kilograms of dephenolization cottonseed proteins, 16 kilograms of globulin powders, 160 kilograms of FSPCs, 280 kilograms of rice protein powders, 0 kilogram of the molten slurry protein 19 of fish, 29 kilograms of calcium dihydrogen phosphates, 20 kilograms of wheat gluten proteins, 213 kilograms of wheat flours, 7 kilograms of matrimony vines, 20 kilograms of phosphatide oils, 40 kilograms, fish oil, 5 kilograms of fish trace elements, 2.5 kilograms of beet alkali hydrochlorates, 3 kilograms of salt, 1.75 kilograms of fish multidimensional, 1 kilogram of Choline Chloride, 1 kilogram of l-cn, 1 kilogram of mould inhibitor, 1.55 kilograms of zeolite powders, 0.2 kilogram of ethoxyquinoline.
Preparation method: by fish trace element, Choline Chloride, salt, fish multidimensional, beet alkali hydrochlorate, l-cn, mould inhibitor, ethoxyquinoline, zeolite powder mixes by twin shaft paddle formula mixer by formula, makes little feed additives, FSPC, rice protein powder, dephenolization cottonseed protein, wheat gluten protein, globulin powder, wheat flour, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, the molten slurry albumen of fish, matrimony vine enters batch bin as large raw material, by computer automatic blending, each large raw material is entered in a twin shaft paddle formula mixer by formula, then add little feed additives, after mixing, enter shepherd micronizer and carry out ultramicro grinding, smashing fineness is more than 95% raw material reaches 80 orders, after ultramicro grinding, raw material enters secondary twin shaft paddle formula mixer in ratio in formula again, sprays into phosphatide oil simultaneously in second drum mixer, fish oil, various raw materials mix again, enter afterwards expanded storehouse, first with differential quality-adjusting device, emphasize matter, guarantee that modified rear moisture reaches 22-25%, refining temperature reaches 90-95 ℃, entering 125 twin-screw Bulking Machine carries out expanded again, guarantee that expanded parameter is as follows: 125 ℃ of temperature, moisture 22-27%, puffed degree 1.5, expanded rear material enters baker dries, moisture drops to below 10%, then carries out coolingly fast, guarantees that material temperature and the room temperature temperature difference are in 5 ℃.With 20 kilograms of weigher packings, warehouse-in.
Embodiment 2
Large yellow croaker is without fish meal buoyancy expanding feed, in 1000 kilograms its contain following material: 13 kilograms of globulin powders, 200 kilograms of FSPCs, 260 kilograms of rice protein powders, 0 kilogram of the molten slurry protein 18 of fish, 30 kilograms of calcium dihydrogen phosphates, 20 kilograms of wheat gluten proteins, 213 kilograms of wheat flours, 7 kilograms of matrimony vines, 20 kilograms of phosphatide oils, 40 kilograms, fish oil, 5 kilograms of fish trace elements, 2.5 kilograms of beet alkali hydrochlorates, 3 kilograms of salt, 1.75 kilograms of fish multidimensional, 1 kilogram, choline, 1 kilogram of l-cn, 1 kilogram of mould inhibitor, 1.55 kilograms of zeolite powders, 0.2 kilogram of ethoxyquinoline.
In preparation method, do not add dephenolization cottonseed protein, all the other are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
Large yellow croaker is without fish meal buoyancy expanding feed, in 1000 kilograms its contain following material: 16 kilograms of dephenolization cottonseed proteins, 19 kilograms of globulin powders, 180 kilograms of FSPCs, 240 kilograms of rice protein powders, 0 kilogram of the molten slurry protein 20 of fish, 28 kilograms of calcium dihydrogen phosphates, 20 kilograms of wheat gluten proteins, 213 kilograms of wheat flours, 7 kilograms of matrimony vines, 20 kilograms of phosphatide oils, 40 kilograms, fish oil, 5 kilograms of fish trace elements, 2.5 kilograms of beet alkali hydrochlorates, 3 kilograms of salt, 1.75 kilograms of fish multidimensional, 1 kilogram of Choline Chloride, 1 kilogram of l-cn, 1 kilogram of mould inhibitor, 1.55 kilograms of zeolite powders, 0.2 kilogram of ethoxyquinoline.
Preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
Large yellow croaker is without fish meal buoyancy expanding feed, in 1000 kilograms its contain following material: 12 kilograms of dephenolization cottonseed proteins, 17 kilograms of globulin powders, 170 kilograms of FSPCs, 270 kilograms of rice protein powders, 5 kilograms of the molten slurry protein 18s of fish, 29 kilograms of calcium dihydrogen phosphates, 20 kilograms of wheat gluten proteins, 213 kilograms of wheat flours, 7 kilograms of matrimony vines, 20 kilograms of phosphatide oils, 40 kilograms, fish oil, 5 kilograms of fish trace elements, 2.5 kilograms of beet alkali hydrochlorates, 3 kilograms of salt, 1.75 kilograms of fish multidimensional, 1 kilogram of Choline Chloride, 1 kilogram of l-cn, 1 kilogram of mould inhibitor, 1.55 kilograms of zeolite powders, 0.2 kilogram of ethoxyquinoline.
Preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 1
Large yellow croaker is without fish meal buoyancy expanding feed, feed as described in the background art, its concrete formula is counted with every 1000 kilograms: 460 kilograms of imported fish meals, 220.55 kilograms, flour, 110 kilograms of 46% dregs of beans (described percentage is the mass percent that the protein in dregs of beans accounts for dregs of beans), 90 kilograms of corn protein powders, 30 kilograms of peanut meals, 10 kilograms of brewer's yeasts, 20 kilograms of cuttlefish cream, 16 kilograms of calcium dihydrogen phosphates, 15 kilograms of phosphatide oils, 15 kilograms, fish oil, 5 kilograms of fish trace elements, 2.5 kilograms of beet alkali hydrochlorates, 2 kilograms of salt, 1.75 kilograms of fish multidimensional, 1 kilogram of Choline Chloride, 1 kilogram of mould inhibitor, 0.2 kilogram of ethoxyquinoline.
Preparation method: fish trace element, Choline Chloride, salt, fish multidimensional, beet alkali hydrochlorate, mould inhibitor, ethoxyquinoline are mixed by twin shaft paddle formula mixer by formula, make little feed additives, imported fish meal, flour, 46% dregs of beans, corn protein powder, peanut meal, brewer's yeast, cuttlefish cream, calcium dihydrogen phosphate enters batch bin as large raw material, by computer automatic blending, each large raw material is entered in a twin shaft paddle formula mixer by formula, then add little feed additives, after mixing, enter shepherd micronizer and carry out ultramicro grinding, smashing fineness is more than 95% raw material reaches 80 orders, after ultramicro grinding, raw material enters secondary twin shaft paddle formula mixer in ratio in formula again, in second drum mixer, spray into phosphatide oil simultaneously, fish oil, various raw materials mix again, enter afterwards expanded storehouse, first with differential quality-adjusting device, emphasize matter, guarantee that modified rear moisture reaches 22-25%, refining temperature reaches 90-95 ℃, entering 125 twin-screw Bulking Machine carries out expanded again, guarantee that expanded parameter is as follows: 125 ℃ of temperature, moisture 22-27%, puffed degree 1.5, expanded rear material enters baker dries, moisture drops to below 10%, carry out again cooling fast, guarantee that material temperature and the room temperature temperature difference are in 5 ℃.With 20 kilograms of weigher packings, warehouse-in.
Effect embodiment 1
Select large yellow croaker fingerling 7500 tails, adopt comparative example feed to tame, the domestication time is 10 days, large yellow croaker, adapts to breeding environment completely, ingests active, and enters formal test in the situation that does not have to die unexpectedly.Be divided at random 5 groups, every group of 3 repetitions.The DIFFERENT FEED of embodiment 1 ~ 4 and the comparative example 1 of feeding respectively.Test site is carried out in Bay, Ningde, Fujian Province San Dou Ao Guanjingyang Shanghai Ocean University and the good Research Base of Shanghai agriculture.Test period 180 days.Each outcome record is in table 2 ~ 4.
The impact of the feed of table 2 embodiment 1 ~ 4 and comparative example 1 on large yellow croaker growth performance
Note: the different lowercase persons of the data of going together in table shoulder mark represent significant difference (P<0.05)
The identical lowercase alphabet differential of the data of going together in table shoulder mark different not remarkable (P>0.05)
From table 2, do not contain the feed of the embodiment 1 ~ 4 of fish meal, in the speed of growth, survival rate, there is no difference with comparative example, containing the feed food ration of fish meal group embodiment 1 ~ 4, do not surpass the food ration of the high fish meal group of comparative example 1, but material ratio is also higher than comparative example 1.From growth indexes and survival rate index, embodiment feed can replace traditional high fish-meal completely.
On the other hand, body colour is one of important symbol of judgement large yellow croaker health and freshness, it is golden yellow that wild large yellow croaker body colour is, the bodily form is slender, the large yellow croaker body colour mutability of cultivation fades white, become crocus, the bodily form easily shortens, and occurs fat, large tripe phenomenon, and the difference of body colour and the bodily form is topmost two factors that affect large yellow croaker market price, golden yellow without fish meal embodiment body colour, the bodily form is slender, coefficient of condition is closer to wild large yellow croaker, comparative example is crocus, and the bodily form is shorter than embodiment, obesity.On, coefficient of condition long at body by the visible embodiment adult fish of table 2, than comparative example, have a clear superiority in, in whole growth course there is short fat, the phenomenon such as tripe is large in end, and the nutrition-allocated proportion that proves embodiment is rational.
The impact of the feed of table 3 embodiment 1 ~ 4 and comparative example 1 on large yellow croaker palatability
From table 3; no matter be comparative example 1 or embodiment 1 ~ 4, all low than rear ten days in front ten days palatability scores that start to ingest, prove that cultured large yellow croaker all needs certain procedure of adaptation to new feedstuff; but through the laundering period of about 10 days, it is all very positive that embodiment robs food.Visible embodiment 1 ~ 4 can replace the high fish-meal of comparative example 1 completely, to the palatability of large yellow croaker without any harmful effect.
The feed of table 4 embodiment 1 ~ 4 and comparative example 1 is to large yellow croaker aquaculture cost, economic efficiency contrast
From table 4: with embodiment feed cultured large yellow croaker, often form 1 kilogram of large yellow croaker, raiser at least can many incomes 3.94 yuan.General adult fish net cage output of Large Yellow Croaker is more than 3000 jin, and the many incomes of each net cage energy are more than 5900 yuan.Embodiment 1 ~ 4 is than comparative example 1 remarkable in economical benefits.
Conclusion: from the use contrast of the feed of above-described embodiment and comparative example, large yellow croaker provided by the invention is without the high fish meal puffing material of fish meal buoyancy expanding Feed Energy replacing whole tradition, large yellow croaker growth, survival rate, the bodily form, body colour etc. are had no adverse effects, and cost is low, culture benefit is high, reduced the dependence to high-quality fish meal, the sustainable development of large yellow croaker cultivation has been had to larger directive significance and with reference to using value.
Claims (13)
1. a large yellow croaker is without fish meal buoyancy expanding feed, it is characterized in that: described feed is in 1000 kilograms, its formula contains following material: 0～16 kilogram of dephenolization cottonseed protein, 13～19 kilograms of globulin powders, 160～200 kilograms of FSPCs, 240～280 kilograms of rice protein powders, 0～200 kilogram of the molten slurry protein 18 of fish, 28～30 kilograms of calcium dihydrogen phosphates, 20 kilograms of wheat gluten proteins, 213 kilograms of wheat flours, 7 kilograms of matrimony vines, 20 kilograms of phosphatide oils, 40 kilograms, fish oil, 5 kilograms of fish trace elements, 2.5 kilograms of beet alkali hydrochlorates, 3 kilograms of salt, 1.75 kilograms of fish multidimensional, 1 kilogram of Choline Chloride, 1 kilogram of l-cn, 1 kilogram of mould inhibitor, 1.55 kilograms of zeolite powders, 0.2 kilogram of ethoxyquinoline.
2. large yellow croaker as claimed in claim 1 is without fish meal buoyancy expanding feed, it is characterized in that: described large yellow croaker without fish meal buoyancy expanding feed in 1000 kilograms, its formula contains following material: 8 kilograms of dephenolization cottonseed proteins, 16 kilograms of globulin powders, 160 kilograms of FSPCs, 280 kilograms of rice protein powders, 0 kilogram of the molten slurry protein 19 of fish, 29 kilograms of calcium dihydrogen phosphates, 20 kilograms of wheat gluten proteins, 213 kilograms of wheat flours, 7 kilograms of matrimony vines, 20 kilograms of phosphatide oils, 40 kilograms, fish oil, 5 kilograms of fish trace elements, 2.5 kilograms of beet alkali hydrochlorates, 3 kilograms of salt, 1.75 kilograms of fish multidimensional, 1 kilogram of Choline Chloride, 1 kilogram of l-cn, 1 kilogram of mould inhibitor, 1.55 kilograms of zeolite powders, 0.2 kilogram of ethoxyquinoline.
3. large yellow croaker as claimed in claim 1 is without fish meal buoyancy expanding feed, it is characterized in that: described large yellow croaker without fish meal buoyancy expanding feed in 1000 kilograms, its formula contains following material: 16 kilograms of dephenolization cottonseed proteins, 19 kilograms of globulin powders, 180 kilograms of FSPCs, 240 kilograms of rice protein powders, 0 kilogram of the molten slurry protein 20 of fish, 28 kilograms of calcium dihydrogen phosphates, 20 kilograms of wheat gluten proteins, 213 kilograms of wheat flours, 7 kilograms of matrimony vines, 20 kilograms of phosphatide oils, 40 kilograms, fish oil, 5 kilograms of fish trace elements, 2.5 kilograms of beet alkali hydrochlorates, 3 kilograms of salt, 1.75 kilograms of fish multidimensional, 1 kilogram of Choline Chloride, 1 kilogram of l-cn, 1 kilogram of mould inhibitor, 1.55 kilograms of zeolite powders, 0.2 kilogram of ethoxyquinoline.
4. large yellow croaker as claimed in claim 1 is without fish meal buoyancy expanding feed, it is characterized in that: described large yellow croaker without fish meal buoyancy expanding feed in 1000 kilograms, its formula contains following material: 13 kilograms of globulin powders, 200 kilograms of FSPCs, 260 kilograms of rice protein powders, 0 kilogram of the molten slurry protein 18 of fish, 30 kilograms of calcium dihydrogen phosphates, 20 kilograms of wheat gluten proteins, 213 kilograms of wheat flours, 7 kilograms of matrimony vines, 20 kilograms of phosphatide oils, 40 kilograms, fish oil, 5 kilograms of fish trace elements, 2.5 kilograms of beet alkali hydrochlorates, 3 kilograms of salt, 1.75 kilograms of fish multidimensional, 1 kilogram of Choline Chloride, 1 kilogram of l-cn, 1 kilogram of mould inhibitor, 1.55 kilograms of zeolite powders, 0.2 kilogram of ethoxyquinoline.
5. the large yellow croaker as described in claim 1-4 any one is without the preparation method of fish meal buoyancy expanding feed, it is characterized in that: it comprises the steps: by formula, fish trace element, Choline Chloride, salt, fish multidimensional, beet alkali hydrochlorate, l-cn, mould inhibitor, ethoxyquinoline, zeolite powder are mixed, make little feed additives; FSPC, rice protein powder, dephenolization cottonseed protein, wheat gluten protein, globulin powder, wheat flour, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, the molten slurry albumen of fish, matrimony vine, after large raw material mixes, are added to described little feed additives; After mixing, carry out ultramicro grinding; Phosphatide oil, fish oil are mixed to modified, expanded, oven dry, cooling afterwards with aforementioned each composition.
6. large yellow croaker as claimed in claim 5, without the preparation method of fish meal buoyancy expanding feed, is characterized in that: described large raw material mixes in primary mixer.
7. large yellow croaker as claimed in claim 6, without the preparation method of fish meal buoyancy expanding feed, is characterized in that: described large raw material enters in described mixer by computer automatic blending.
8. large yellow croaker as claimed in claim 5, without the preparation method of fish meal buoyancy expanding feed, is characterized in that: described ultramicro grinding is carried out in micronizer; The fineness of described pulverizing is more than 95% raw material reaches 80 orders; Described percentage is the mass percent that accounts for raw material;
After described ultramicro grinding, raw material enters second drum mixer;
Described mixes phosphatide oil, fish oil in second drum mixer and carries out with aforementioned each composition;
Described modifiedly carry out in quality-adjusting device.
9. large yellow croaker as claimed in claim 8, without the preparation method of fish meal buoyancy expanding feed, is characterized in that: described is modified for emphasizing matter, and the described matter of emphasizing is carried out with differential quality-adjusting device.
10. large yellow croaker as claimed in claim 8, without the preparation method of fish meal buoyancy expanding feed, is characterized in that: described modified temperature is 90 ℃～95 ℃; Described modified rear moisture is 22～25%, and described percentage is the mass percent that accounts for raw material.
11. large yellow croakers as claimed in claim 5, without the preparation method of fish meal buoyancy expanding feed, is characterized in that: described expandedly carry out in twin-screw Bulking Machine, described expanded parameter is: 125 ℃ of temperature, moisture 22～27%, puffed degree 1.5.
12. large yellow croakers as claimed in claim 5, without the preparation method of fish meal buoyancy expanding feed, is characterized in that: described oven dry is carried out in baker, and the moisture after described oven dry is below 10%.
13. large yellow croakers as claimed in claim 5, without the preparation method of fish meal buoyancy expanding feed, is characterized in that: described being cooled to is cooling fast, and described when quick cooling, material temperature and the room temperature temperature difference are in 5 ℃.
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| CN103478449A (en) * | 2013-08-22 | 2014-01-01 | 福建天马科技集团股份有限公司 | Buoyancy puffing granulated compound feed for medium and adult pseudosciaena crocea |
| CN103564206A (en) * | 2013-08-22 | 2014-02-12 | 福建天马科技集团股份有限公司 | Floating expanded-granule compounded feed for juvenile fish of pseudosciaena crocea |
| CN103564205A (en) * | 2013-08-22 | 2014-02-12 | 福建天马科技集团股份有限公司 | Floating expanded-granule compounded feed for larval fish of pseudosciaena crocea |
| CN103461707B (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2015-02-04 | 通威股份有限公司 | Fish meal-free crucian breeding expanded compound feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN103461716B (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2015-11-04 | 苏州市相城区新时代特种水产养殖场 | A kind of bighead mixed feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN103461717B (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2014-12-10 | 苏州市阳澄湖现代农业产业园特种水产养殖有限公司 | Chinese herbal medicine composite bighead carp feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN104273379A (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2015-01-14 | 福建海大饲料有限公司 | Adult fish feed of larimichthys crocea and application of adult fish feed |
| CN104304754A (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2015-01-28 | 福建海大饲料有限公司 | Feed for larimichthys crocea larvae and application of feed |
| CN104543577A (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2015-04-29 | 上海农好饲料有限公司 | Pseudosciaena crocea fry microparticle feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN107484920A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2017-12-19 | 浦江县协盈动物饲料技术开发有限公司 | Environmental type shallow sea carp compound feed |
| CN109090376A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2018-12-28 | 天邦食品股份有限公司 | A kind of functional feed for imitating wild cultivation suitable for Larimichthys crocea |
| CN115363144A (en) * | 2022-09-08 | 2022-11-22 | 福建农林大学 | Low-phosphorus pseudosciaena crocea feed with cottonseed concentrated protein partially replacing fish meal and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1120896A (en) * | 1995-07-11 | 1996-04-24 | 张东波 | Fish powder substitute |
| CN101028042B (en) * | 2007-02-06 | 2010-07-14 | 福建天马饲料有限公司 | Slow-settling swelling granular complex feed for large-yellow croaker |
| CN101040669B (en) * | 2007-04-19 | 2010-06-09 | 广东恒兴集团有限公司 | Mixed feed and preparing method for micropterus salmoides |
| CN101181012B (en) * | 2007-11-15 | 2012-07-04 | 广东粤海饲料集团有限公司 | Environment protection formula feed for sea water fish |
| CN101491300B (en) * | 2009-03-05 | 2011-12-28 | 浙江大学 | Feed additive capable of preventing and treating large yellow croaker fatty liver |
| CN102258130A (en) * | 2010-05-28 | 2011-11-30 | 李荣帮 | Preparation method of feed for large yellow croaker |
| CN102657298B (en) * | 2012-06-01 | 2014-04-23 | 中国海洋大学 | Body color intensifier for large yellow croaker |
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Inventor after: Pan Mingguan Inventor after: Chen Naisong Inventor after: Zhou Hengyong Inventor after: Xu Peiyu Inventor before: Pan Mingguan Inventor before: Xu Peiyu Inventor before: Zhou Hengyong |
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Address after: 201501 Shanghai City, Wang Wei Dong Lu Jinshan District Fengjing town 1858, No. 1868 Patentee after: Shanghai agricultural feed Limited by Share Ltd Address before: 201501 Shanghai City, Wang Wei Dong Lu Jinshan District Fengjing town 1858, No. 1868 Patentee before: Shanghai Nonghao Feed Co., Ltd. |
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