CN103478446B - Compound feed used in penaeus vannamei farming earlier stage - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a compound feed used in a penaeus vannamei farming earlier stage, which is suitable for penaeus vannamei in a feeding and farming earlier stage. The compound feed comprises fish meal, high gluten flour, bean pulp, peanut meal, fish oil, soybean lecithin oil, sleeve-fish ointment, yeast cream, shrimp meal, mineral substances, calcium dihydrogenphosphate, choline chloride and multi-vitamins. The compound feed has the advantages that 1, the compound feed has comprehensive nutrition, is rich in various necessary protein sources, microelements, special mineral substances, vitamins and the like and meets the requirements of penaeus vannamei in the farming growth earlier stage on various nutritional ingredients; 2, the compound feed has good palatability, the feed conversion ratio is high, and as raw materials and additives with good palatability properties such as the yeast cream, the sleeve-fish ointment, the shrimp meal and a phagostimulant, namely, DMPT (Dimethyl-beta-propiothetin hydrochloride) are added to the compound feed, the ingestion and the growth of the penaeus vannamei can be promoted; 3, the compound feed has good stability in water; and 4, the compound feed is environment-friendly.

Description

Culture of Penaeus vannamei mixed feed in early stage

Technical field the present invention relates to aquatic product matched field of fodder, particularly relates to culture of Penaeus vannamei mixed feed field in early stage.

Background technology Penaeus Vannmei is commonly called as white limb shrimp, white shrimp, South America shrimp etc.China introduces Penaeus Vannmei seedling in 1988 from the U.S., and is successfully made productive receivers and cultivation in 1994.Penaeus Vannmei is individual large, resistance against diseases and adaptable, and fast growth, can cultivate in Low-salinity and fresh water, out-of-water survival time is long, and meat flavour is delicious, processes dressing percentage higher.Penaeus Vannmei has now become one of main aquaculture product, extensively cultivates on China Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Fujian and other places.

Research about penaeus vannamei boone feed has more report.Patent name is " a kind of litopenaeus vannamei compound feed ", and the patent No. is the Chinese invention patent of CN200910040783.5; Patent name is " environmental protection feed stuff for seedling stage of southern American white prawn ", the patent No. is the Chinese invention patent of CN200710028844.7, patent name is " a kind of Special feed for penaeus vannamei breeding and preparation method thereof ", and the patent No. is that the Chinese invention patent etc. of CN201110316524.8 discloses the technical scheme about penaeus vannamei boone feed characteristic separately.But existing penaeus vannamei boone feed attractant, balanced in nutrition in be also weak, so the present invention have developed a kind of selection by raw material and proportioning thereof, make the penaeus vannamei boone feed of preparation in balanced in nutrition, attractant, shelling growth promotion etc., have unique technical characterstic.

Because Penaeus Vannmei is at different growth and development stage, its nutritional requirement also also exists larger difference, therefore in the cultivation of Penaeus Vannmei, generally according to the different cultivation stages, the various raw materials of artifical compound feed are carried out different scientific matching and forms different mixed feeds.

Summary of the invention the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of production cost low and higher being suitable for of cultivation Penaeus Vannmei quality

The culture of Penaeus vannamei mixed feed in early stage of cultivation preliminary stage.

For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is: culture of Penaeus vannamei mixed feed in early stage, be suitable for the Penaeus Vannmei of feeding cultivation preliminary stage, namely body length is at the Penaeus Vannmei of 0.7cm ~ 3.0cm, it is characterized in that: its component and weight percentage comprise:

Fish meal	20%～35%
		Strong flour	19%～21%
Dregs of beans	20%～30%
		Peanut meal	8%～12%
Fish oil	1%～2%
		Soyabean lecithin oil	1%～3%
Squid liver paste	1%～3%
		Yeast extract	2%～4%

shrimp med	2% ~ 8%
		mineral matter	1%
calcium dihydrogen phosphate	1%
		choline Chloride	0.3%
multidimensional	0.3%.

In culture of Penaeus vannamei mixed feed in early stage of the present invention, fish meal mainly provides protein sources and energy, and plays good food calling effect.Because the requirement of Penaeus Vannmei to protein cultivating preliminary stage is the highest, the content of the fish meal therefore in the present invention is higher relative to the content of other stage Penaeus Vannmeis, is 20% ~ 35%.When fish meal content is greater than 35%, feed cost strengthens, and when being less than 20%, feed conversion rate reduces.

The gross protein value of Strong flour is 12% ~ 15%, and wet gluten value, more than 35%, to be compared with Self-raising flour with Plain flour and had better bond effect.Strong flour is beneficial to raw mixture shaping particles when being mainly used for feed granulating and the good stability of tool.When Strong flour content is greater than 21%, the crude protein of feed is reduced, when being less than 19%, then particle water stability reduces.

Dregs of beans, peanut meal mainly provide protein sources and energy, and for Substitute For Partial animal protein, during too high levels, feed conversion rate declines.

The Main Function of fish oil is to provide essential fatty acid and energy, and plays food calling effect.Require all can increase to the technological requirement, feed storage etc. of feed when it adds excessive, and when addition is not enough, the function such as energy, food calling of feed all declines.

Soyabean lecithin oil Main Function is for culture of Penaeus vannamei mixed feed in early stage of the present invention provides energy, can promote shrimp body digesting and assimilating feed.Require all can increase to the technological requirement, feed storage etc. of feed when soyabean lecithin oil is added excessive, and when adding not enough, the energy of feed, the function such as to digest and assimilate and all decline.

Squid liver paste adopts squid viscera, makes, have stronger food calling effect to Penaeus Vannmei through techniques such as high temperature, sterilizing, separation, oven dry, and adding too highly can affect feeding quality safety.

Yeast extract uses specific fresh yeast, adopts biotechnology to make, and interior have strong food calling composition containing free amino acid, nucleotides etc., can strengthen immunity, improves resisting stress level.

The Main Function of shrimp med is to provide protein sources, and has good food calling performance, and it is excessive to add, and cost can be caused to increase.

Mineral matter, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, Choline Chloride and multidimensional etc., all as additive, play the effect of extra-nutrition, provide Penaeus Vannmei necessary trace element, and promote the metabolism of shrimp body, its addition is all not high.

Above-mentioned various raw material components all can commercially be purchased.

For extending service time of feed prepared by the present invention, can add antioxidant in material composition of the present invention, its weight percentage in mixed feed is 0.02%.Antioxidant adopts ethoxyquinoline, is mainly used in preventing the raw material in feed as oxidized in protein, fat.

For making product efficacy of the present invention better, separately can add phagostimulant, mainly dimethyl-β-DMPT (DMPT), can effectively promote ingesting of Penaeus Vannmei in its raw material components, its weight percentage in mixed feed is 0.2%; Another interpolation shelling element, its weight percentage in mixed feed is 0.1%, mainly containing β-ecdysteroid, sterol and cryptosterol etc., for promoting that Penaeus Vannmei shells growth smoothly.

Preferably, culture of Penaeus vannamei mixed feed in early stage of the present invention, each component of described mixed feed and weight percentage are:

fish meal	20% ~ 35%
		strong flour	19% ~ 21%
dregs of beans	20% ~ 30%
		peanut meal	8% ~ 12%
fish oil	1% ~ 2%
		soyabean lecithin oil	1% ~ 3%
squid liver paste	1% ~ 3%
		yeast extract	2% ~ 4%
shrimp med	2% ~ 8%
		mineral matter	1%
calcium dihydrogen phosphate	1%
		choline Chloride	0.3%
multidimensional	0.3%
		antioxidant	0.02%
phagostimulant	0.28%
		shelling element	0.1%.

Warp is in same plant, and under identical management mode condition, adopt the culture of Penaeus vannamei of following raw material components and content mixed feed phagostimulating effect in early stage best, water stability is best, and economic benefit is best, and culture efficiency is best.

Fish meal	30%
		Strong flour	20%
Dregs of beans	25%
		Peanut meal	9%

fish oil	1%
		soyabean lecithin oil	2%
squid liver paste	2%
		yeast extract	3%
shrimp med	5%
		mineral matter	1%
calcium dihydrogen phosphate	1%
		choline Chloride	0.3%
multidimensional	0.3%
		antioxidant	0.02%
phagostimulant	0.28%
		shelling element	0.1%.

Culture of Penaeus vannamei mixed feed in early stage of the present invention, has the following advantages compared with feed similar with other;

1, comprehensive nutrition: product is rich in various indispensable protein source, trace element, special minerals and vitamins etc., meets the demand of culture of Penaeus vannamei early growth stage to various nutritional labeling.

2, attractant is good, and feed conversion rate is high: the present invention with the addition of raw material and the additive that yeast extract, squid liver paste, shrimp med, phagostimulant DMPT etc. have good food calling performance, can promote that Penaeus Vannmei is ingested and grows.

3, water stability is good, pollutes few: the present invention with the addition of high refined flour to breeding water body, is conducive to feed product shaping and stable, can ensures that product soaks in water and not scatter for more than 3 hours, reduce the pollution to breeding water body.

4, green non-pollution: the Penaeus Vannmei growth of product of the present invention of ingesting is fast, and the features such as anti-stress ability is strong, and shrimp body is healthy, medication is few, for this enterprise and raiser bring higher economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefits.

Accompanying drawing illustrates that the present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments:

Fig. 1 is the production technological process of culture of Penaeus vannamei of the present invention mixed feed in early stage.

Detailed description of the invention percentage herein all refers to percetage by weight; Below by way of specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but the present invention is not limited to following examples.

Each component and the weight percentage of culture of Penaeus vannamei mixed feed in early stage of the present invention are:

Fish meal	20%～35%
		Strong flour	19%～21%
Dregs of beans	20%～30%
		Peanut meal	8%～12%

fish oil	1% ~ 2%
		soyabean lecithin oil	1% ~ 3%
squid liver paste	1% ~ 3%
		yeast extract	2% ~ 4%
shrimp med	2% ~ 8%
		mineral matter	1%
calcium dihydrogen phosphate	1%
		choline Chloride	0.3%
multidimensional	0.3%.

Embodiment 1: the most basic each constituent content of the present invention is as follows:

fish meal	32%
		strong flour	20%
dregs of beans	23%
		peanut meal	9%
fish oil	2%
		soyabean lecithin oil	1.4%
squid liver paste	2%
		yeast extract	3%
shrimp med	5%
		mineral matter	1%
calcium dihydrogen phosphate	1%
		choline Chloride	0.3%
multidimensional	0.3%.

According to formulated feed shown in upper table, raise cultivation preliminary stage Penaeus Vannmei 15 days.The Penaeus Vannmei of the present embodiment feed of ingesting is ingested more active, and water stability is good, and Penaeus Vannmei growth is very fast.

Embodiment 2, each constituent content that the present invention adds after appropriate additive is as follows:

Fish meal	35%
		Strong flour	21%

dregs of beans	20%
		peanut meal	8%
fish oil	1%
		soyabean lecithin oil	1%
squid liver paste	1%
		yeast extract	2%
shrimp med	8%
		mineral matter	1%
calcium dihydrogen phosphate	1%
		choline Chloride	0.3%
multidimensional	0.3%
		antioxidant	0.02%
phagostimulant	0.28%
		shelling element	0.1%.

According to formulated feed shown in upper table, raise cultivation preliminary stage Penaeus Vannmei 15 days.The Penaeus Vannmei of the present embodiment feed of ingesting is ingested active, and water stability is good, and Penaeus Vannmei growth is fast, and fanning economics is good.

Embodiment 3, each constituent content that the present invention adds after appropriate additive is as follows:

Fish meal	25%
		Strong flour	19%
Dregs of beans	30%
		Peanut meal	10%
Fish oil	1%
		Soyabean lecithin oil	3%
Squid liver paste	3%
		Yeast extract	4%
Shrimp med	2%
		Mineral matter	1%
Calcium dihydrogen phosphate	1%
		Choline Chloride	0.3%

multidimensional	0.3%
		antioxidant	0.02%
phagostimulant	0.28%
		shelling element	0.1%.

According to formulated feed shown in upper table, raise cultivation preliminary stage Penaeus Vannmei 15 days.The Penaeus Vannmei of the present embodiment feed of ingesting is ingested active, and water stability is better, and Penaeus Vannmei growth is fast, and fanning economics is good.

Embodiment 4, each constituent content that the present invention adds after appropriate additive is as follows:

fish meal	27%
		strong flour	20%
dregs of beans	21%
		peanut meal	12%
fish oil	2%
		soyabean lecithin oil	2%
squid liver paste	2%
		yeast extract	4%
shrimp med	7%
		mineral matter	1%
calcium dihydrogen phosphate	1%
		choline Chloride	0.3%
multidimensional	0.3%
		antioxidant	0.02%
phagostimulant	0.28%
		shelling element	0.1%.

According to formulated feed shown in upper table, raise cultivation preliminary stage Penaeus Vannmei 15 days.The Penaeus Vannmei of the present embodiment feed of ingesting is ingested active, and water stability is good, and Penaeus Vannmei growth is fast, and fanning economics is good.

Embodiment 5: each constituent content of culture efficiency the best of the present invention is as follows:

Fish meal	30%
		Strong flour	20%
Dregs of beans	25%

peanut meal	9%
		fish oil	1%
soyabean lecithin oil	2%
		squid liver paste	2%
yeast extract	3%
		shrimp med	5%
mineral matter	1%
		calcium dihydrogen phosphate	1%
choline Chloride	0.3%
		multidimensional	0.3%
antioxidant	0.02%
		phagostimulant	0.28%
shelling element	0.1%.

According to formulated feed shown in upper table, raise cultivation preliminary stage Penaeus Vannmei 15 days.The Penaeus Vannmei of the present embodiment feed of ingesting is ingested the most active, and water stability is best, and Penaeus Vannmei growth is the fastest, and fanning economics is best, and culture efficiency is best.

As shown in Figure 1, the present invention adds the technological process of production in man-hour and is: large part raw material and smallclothes mixture are dropped into batch charger, screen scarifier removal of impurities primary dcreening operation, mixer first time mixing, micronizer carry out the input such as ultramicro grinding, grease, the mixing of mixer second time, quality-adjusting device are modified, granulator granulation, drying machine drying, cooler cooling, crusher in crushing, screening machine sieves, weigh packaging.

Claims (3)

1. culture of Penaeus vannamei mixed feed in early stage, be suitable for the Penaeus Vannmei of feeding preliminary stage, namely body length is at 0.7cm ~ 3.0cm, it is characterized in that, its component and weight percentage are:

Fish meal 20% ~ 35%;

Strong flour 19% ~ 21%;

Dregs of beans 20% ~ 30%;

Peanut meal 8% ~ 12%;

Fish oil 1% ~ 2%;

Soyabean lecithin oil 1% ~ 3%;

Squid liver paste 1% ~ 3%;

Yeast extract 2% ~ 4%;

Shrimp med 2% ~ 8%;

Mineral matter 1%;

Calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1%;

Choline Chloride 0.3%;

Multidimensional 0.3%;

Antioxidant 0.02%;

Phagostimulant 0.28%;

Shelling element 0.1%.

2. culture of Penaeus vannamei mixed feed in early stage according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described antioxidant is ethoxyquinoline, phagostimulant is dimethyl-β-DMPT DMPT, and shelling element is containing β-ecdysteroid, sterol and cryptosterol.

3. culture of Penaeus vannamei mixed feed in early stage according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: each component of described mixed feed and weight percentage are:

Fish meal 30%;

Strong flour 20%;

Dregs of beans 25%;

Peanut meal 9%;

Fish oil 1%;

Soyabean lecithin oil 2%;

Squid liver paste 2%;

Yeast extract 3%;

Shrimp med 5%;

Mineral matter 1%;

Calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1%;

Choline Chloride 0.3%;

Multidimensional 0.3%;

Antioxidant 0.02%;

Phagostimulant 0.28%;

Shelling element 0.1%.