CN103130919A - 一种咔唑酮肟酯类高感光度光引发剂 - Google Patents
一种咔唑酮肟酯类高感光度光引发剂 Download PDFInfo
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- -1 Carbazole ketone oxime ester Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbazole Natural products C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005917 acylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- VGGRCVDNFAQIKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N formic anhydride Chemical compound O=COC=O VGGRCVDNFAQIKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GFAUNYMRSKVDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N formyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=O GFAUNYMRSKVDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002757 morpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004193 piperazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- UHFFVFAKEGKNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-benzyl-2-(dimethylamino)-1-(4-morpholin-4-ylphenyl)butan-1-one Chemical compound C=1C=C(N2CCOCC2)C=CC=1C(=O)C(CC)(N(C)C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 UHFFVFAKEGKNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 206010034972 Photosensitivity reaction Diseases 0.000 description 6
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopentane Chemical compound C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- ZDQNWDNMNKSMHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[2-(2-prop-2-enoyloxypropoxy)propoxy]propan-2-yl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC(C)COC(C)COCC(C)OC(=O)C=C ZDQNWDNMNKSMHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 0 CC*(C)C*(CC)C1C(C)(CC)CC(CC)C1 Chemical compound CC*(C)C*(CC)C1C(C)(CC)CC(CC)C1 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- PLAZXGNBGZYJSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-ethylcarbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(CC)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 PLAZXGNBGZYJSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FJAKLNDPMRHKON-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid 3-cyclopentyl-1-[9-ethyl-6-(thiophene-2-carbonyl)carbazol-3-yl]-2-hydroxyiminopropan-1-one Chemical compound C(C)(=O)O.S1C(=CC=C1)C(=O)C=1C=C2C=3C=C(C=CC3N(C2=CC1)CC)C(C(CC1CCCC1)=NO)=O FJAKLNDPMRHKON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
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- DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptamethylene Natural products C1CCCCCC1 DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium sulphate Substances [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- OHVLMTFVQDZYHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-2-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)C(CN1CCN(CC1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)=O OHVLMTFVQDZYHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NQLDOBIYZSPEAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-cyclopentyl-1-[9-ethyl-6-(thiophene-2-carbonyl)carbazol-3-yl]-2-hydroxyiminopropan-1-one Chemical compound S1C(=CC=C1)C(=O)C=1C=C2C=3C=C(C=CC3N(C2=CC1)CC)C(C(CC1CCCC1)=NO)=O NQLDOBIYZSPEAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZQVEGOXJYTLLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-cyclopentylpropanoyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)CCC1CCCC1 SZQVEGOXJYTLLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OBDVWDXRTLWZKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C1=CC=CC=C1)(=O)O.C1(=CC=CC=C1)SC1=CC=C(C=C1)C(C(CC1CCCC1)=NO)=O Chemical compound C(C1=CC=CC=C1)(=O)O.C1(=CC=CC=C1)SC1=CC=C(C=C1)C(C(CC1CCCC1)=NO)=O OBDVWDXRTLWZKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CNXCXIDTGDLNOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C1=CC=CC=C1)(=O)O.C1(=CC=CC=C1)SC1=CC=C(C=C1)C(C(CCCCCC)=NO)=O Chemical compound C(C1=CC=CC=C1)(=O)O.C1(=CC=CC=C1)SC1=CC=C(C=C1)C(C(CCCCCC)=NO)=O CNXCXIDTGDLNOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MKIHYKYUZSQWGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1(CCCC1)CCC(=O)C=1C=CC=2N(C3=CC=C(C=C3C2C1)C(C1=CC=CS1)=O)CC Chemical compound C1(CCCC1)CCC(=O)C=1C=CC=2N(C3=CC=C(C=C3C2C1)C(C1=CC=CS1)=O)CC MKIHYKYUZSQWGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SEEVRZDUPHZSOX-WPWMEQJKSA-N [(e)-1-[9-ethyl-6-(2-methylbenzoyl)carbazol-3-yl]ethylideneamino] acetate Chemical compound C=1C=C2N(CC)C3=CC=C(C(\C)=N\OC(C)=O)C=C3C2=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C SEEVRZDUPHZSOX-WPWMEQJKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RDHPKYGYEGBMSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromoethane Chemical compound CCBr RDHPKYGYEGBMSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 1
- OWFXIOWLTKNBAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoamyl nitrite Chemical compound CC(C)CCON=O OWFXIOWLTKNBAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004377 microelectronic Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000307 polymer substrate Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bicarbonate Substances [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 1
- HWCKGOZZJDHMNC-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylammonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC HWCKGOZZJDHMNC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIQITDHWZYEEPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophene-2-carbonyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC=CS1 QIQITDHWZYEEPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D409/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D409/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
- C07D409/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D209/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D209/56—Ring systems containing three or more rings
- C07D209/80—[b, c]- or [b, d]-condensed
- C07D209/82—Carbazoles; Hydrogenated carbazoles
- C07D209/86—Carbazoles; Hydrogenated carbazoles with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the ring system
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D405/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D405/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/46—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation
- C08F2/48—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation by ultraviolet or visible light
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/46—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation
- C08F2/48—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation by ultraviolet or visible light
- C08F2/50—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation by ultraviolet or visible light with sensitising agents
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Indole Compounds (AREA)
- Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种具有式(I)所示结构的咔唑酮肟酯类光引发剂,该光引发剂应用性能优异,具有特别高的感光性能,特别是在LED、LDI等曝光灯源下表现出了很高的感光活性,明显优于现有产品。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及光引发剂技术领域,特别涉及一种咔唑酮肟酯类光引发剂。
背景技术
光固化是指单体、低聚体或聚合体基质在光诱导下的固化过程,该技术在现代微电子技术中有着广泛的应用,例如光固化油墨、液晶面板的封装、感光性印刷版、滤光片和光致抗蚀剂等。光固化技术的核心在于可光致固化的聚合单体和合适的光引发剂。在一定波长的光源照射下,光引发剂产生活性基团,激发可聚合单体中的不饱和基团以发生聚合反应,从而引起材料的固化。
光引发剂是影响光固化组合物(即感光性组合物)感光性能的最主要因素。现阶段已经有很多关于光引发剂的研究和报道,但是这些光引发剂的感光活性普遍较低,并且在适用光源种类方面存在较大限制,绝大多数仅适用于紫外激发。例如,现有肟脂类光引发剂,如CN101508744A公开的一种咔唑肟酯类光引发剂、可商购的肟脂类光引发剂OXE-02、CN101565472A中公开的一类酮肟脂光引发剂、以及可商购的酮肟脂光引发剂OXE-01等,都只能满足以汞灯(包括高压、中压、低压汞灯)为曝光源的应用要求。
随着人们对环境、安全意识及要求的提高、以及光聚合技术的发展,LED、LDI等低能量、高安全且节能环保的曝光灯源成为了本领域技术应用和发展的一种趋势。在该形势下,研究和开发能与LED、LDI等低能量、长波长输出的曝光源匹配的光引发剂具有重要的现实和经济意义。目前,现有光引发剂都不能很好地与LED、LDI等曝光源匹配,其突出表现为感光度(即感光活性)低。
鉴于此,本发明公开了一种咔唑酮肟脂类光引发剂,该类光引发剂不仅可以与汞灯光源匹配,而且可以很好地与LED、LDI等低能量、长波长输出的曝光源匹配,具有很高的感光度。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种新的咔唑酮肟酯类光引发剂,它具有非常优异的感光性能,特别是在LED、LDI等曝光灯源下表现出了很高的感光度。
为了达到上述技术效果,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种咔唑酮肟酯类光引发剂,其具有式(I)所示结构:
其中,
R1是,n=1~5,m=1~6;
R2是C1~C20的直链或支链烷基;
R3是C1~C10烷基、或C3~C8环烷基、或由C1~C4烷基与C3~C8环烷基组成的环烷基烷基、或任选烷基取代(即取代基可有可无)的苯基;
Ar是具有任选取代基(即取代基可有可无)的含S或O杂环基团、或者取代基团中含O、S、N原子的取代芳基。
进一步地,上述式(I)所示咔唑酮肟酯类光引发剂化合物中,R1基团优选n=1或2,m=3或4。
R2基团优选C1~C5的直链或支链烷基,更优选甲基、乙基、正丙基、正丁基,尤其优选乙基。
R3基团优选C1~C3的直链或支链烷基,更优选甲基。
Ar基团中,所述具有任选取代基的含S或O杂环基团优选具有0~2个取代基,特别是0~2个甲基或乙基;所述含S或O杂环基团优选呋喃基或噻吩基;所述取代芳基中含O、S、N原子的取代基团优选烷硫基、烷氧基、烷氨基、哌嗪基、吗啉基等。
更进一步地,上述式(I)所示咔唑酮肟酯类化合物中,Ar基团优选选自以下结构:
本发明的目的还在于提供上述式(I)所示咔唑酮肟酯类光引发剂的制备方法,该方法以咔唑为起始原料,包括以下步骤:
(1)取代反应:将咔唑溶解在有机溶剂中,与溴代烷烃R2-Br进行取代反应,得到中间体a,即9-R2基咔唑,其反应过程如下:
(2)酰基化反应:将中间体a(9-R2基咔唑)溶解在有机溶剂中,在三氯化铝催化作用下,进行酰基化反应,得到中间体b,即3-R1基乙酰基-6-Ar酰基-9-R2基咔唑,其反应过程如下:
(3)氧化反应:由制得的中间体b(3-R1基乙酰基-6-Ar酰基-9-R2基咔唑)经过氧化反应制得中间体c,即1-(6-Ar酰基-9-R2基咔唑-3-基)-2-R1基-1,2-二酮-2-肟,其反应过程如下:
(4)酯化反应:由制得的中间体c(1-(6-Ar酰基-9-R2基咔唑-3-基)-2-R1基-1,2-二酮-2-肟)与R3基甲酸酐或R3基甲酰氯进行酯化反应制得目标产物,即式(I)所示的咔唑酮肟酯类光引发剂,其反应过程如下:
上述制备方法中使用的原料均是现有技术中的已知化合物,可商业购得或者通过已知的合成方法制备而成,并且各步骤的反应原理对本领域技术人员而言也是容易理解的。
另外,本发明的目的还在于提供用于制备上述式(I)所示咔唑酮肟酯类光引发剂的中间体化合物(即上述中间体c),其具有如下结构:
其中,R1、R2和Ar的定义如前文所述,与式(I)中所述定义相同。
本发明式(I)所示咔唑酮肟酯类化合物在感光性(光固化)组合物中可以作为光引发剂使用,具有非常优异的感光性能。此处对感光性组合物中的其它组分没有特别地限定,可以是本领域公知和常用的组分(例如可参见CN101059655A公开的内容,在此引入其全文以作为参考),例如可光聚合的丙烯酸类树脂。
本发明的有益技术效果:本发明所述咔唑酮肟酯类光引发剂的应用性能优异,具有特别高的感光性能,特别是在LED、LDI等曝光灯源下表现出了很高的感光活性,明显优于现阶段可商购的Irgacure369、OXE-01等光引发剂,也优于CN101565472A中公开的咔唑酮肟酯类光引发剂。同时,本发明的生产方法简单,生产过程中不产生污染性废弃物,且产品纯度高,适用于工业化生产。
具体实施方式
以下将结合具体实施例以对本发明作进一步说明,但不应将其理解为对本发明保护范围的限制。
制备实施例
实施例1:
如下式所示的1-[6-(2-噻吩甲酰基)-9-乙基咔唑-3-基]-3-环戊基-丙烷-1,2-二酮-2-肟乙酸酯的制备
步骤一:9-乙基咔唑的制备
向500mL四口烧瓶中投入40g咔唑,1.5g四乙基溴化铵,200mL甲苯,搅拌下,加入140g现配的50%NaOH水溶液,滴加31.2g溴乙烷,约30min滴完,然后加热回流反应6h。冷却至室温,分去水层,料液层水洗3遍,无水MgSO4干燥,抽滤,减压浓缩除去溶剂,残留物用无水乙醇重结晶,得白色针状晶体70g,收率为75%,相对纯度为99%。
步骤二:3-(3-环戊基丙酰基)-6-(2-噻吩甲酰基)-9-乙基咔唑的制备
向500ml的四口烧瓶中投入30g9-乙基咔唑、21.6g AlCl3(研细)、150ml二氯甲烷,搅拌,通入氩气保护,冰浴冷却,当温度降至0℃时,开始滴加23.2g2-噻吩甲酰氯与21g二氯甲烷的混合液,温度控制在10℃以下,约1.5h加完,继续搅拌2h,然后向烧瓶中加入21.6gAlCl3(研细),滴加27.2g环戊基丙酰氯和20g二氯甲烷的混合液,控温在10℃以下,约1.5h滴完,温度升至15℃,继续搅2h,停止反应。将反应液倒入400g冰与65ml浓盐酸配成的稀盐酸中,用分液漏斗分出下层料液,上层用50ml二氯甲烷萃取,萃取液与料液合并,用10g NaHCO3和200g水配成的NaHCO3溶液洗涤,再用200ml水洗涤3次,至pH值呈中性,用30g无水MgSO4干燥除水,旋蒸出二氯甲烷,蒸完后,旋蒸瓶中粗产品呈固体粉末状,倒入200ml常压蒸过的石油醚中,抽滤,得淡黄色粉末状固体,70℃烘箱中烘2h,得产品46.2g,收率70%,纯度95.2%。
步骤三:1-[6-(2-噻吩甲酰基)-9-乙基咔唑-3-基]-3-环戊基-丙烷-1,2-二酮-2-肟的制备
向250ml四口烧瓶中投入步骤二产物19.1g、四氢呋喃100ml、浓盐酸19g,亚硝酸异戊酯8g,常温搅拌5h,停止反应;将物料倒入2000ml大烧杯中,加入1000ml水搅拌,使用200g二氯甲烷萃取,在萃取液中加入50g无水MgSO4干燥,抽滤,将滤液减压旋蒸除去,旋转瓶中得到油状粘稠物,将粘稠物倒入150ml石油醚中搅拌析出,抽滤,得黄色粉末状固体,70℃烘5h,得产品14.8g,收率74%,相对纯度95%。
产物结构通过核磁共振氢谱得到确认,具体表征结果如下:
1H-NMR(CDCl3,500MHz):1.468~1.497(3H,t,-CH3),1.537~1.893(9H,m,环戊烷),2.706~2.722(2H,d,-CH2-),4.401~4.444(2H,q,-CH2-),7.285~8.542(9H,m,芳香环)。
步骤四:1-[6-(2-噻吩甲酰基)-9-乙基咔唑-3-基]-3-环戊基-丙烷-1,2-二酮-2-肟乙酸酯的制备
向250ml四口烧瓶中投入步骤三产物14.8g、100g二氯甲烷,室温下搅拌5min,然后滴加醋酐,约30min滴加完毕,继续搅拌2h,然后加入5%NaHCO3水溶液调pH值至中性,分液漏斗分层,再用200ml水洗2遍,50g无水MgSO4干燥,旋转蒸出溶剂,得粘稠状液体,甲醇重结晶得到米黄色固体粉末,过滤,70℃烘5h,得产品11g,纯度98%。
产物结构通过核磁共振氢谱得到确认,具体表征结果如下:
1H-NMR(CDCl3,500MHz):1.468~1.497(3H,t,-CH3),1.537~1.893(9H,m,环戊烷),2.281(3H,s,-CH3),2.706~2.722(2H,d,-CH2-),4.401~4.444(2H,q,-CH2-),7.285~8.542(9H,m,芳香环)。
质谱检测MS,m/Z:523(M+Na)+。
实施例2~11:
参照实施例1所示方法,由相应试剂制备实施例2~11化合物。目标化合物及其1H-NMR数据列于表1。
表1
性能测试
以上述实施例中的产品为例,对本发明所述光引发剂的性能进行了测试,并将其与商购光引发剂Irgacure369(2-苯基-2-二甲氨基-1-(-4-吗啉苯基)-丁酮-1)、OXE-01(1-(4-苯硫基苯基)-辛烷-1,2-二酮-2-苯甲酸肟酯)、以及物质A(CN101565472A中公开的酮肟脂光引发剂1-(4-苯硫基苯基)-(3-环戊基)-丙烷-1,2-二酮-2-苯甲酸肟酯)进行了对比。
1、紫外吸收波长测试
测试方法:准确称量光引发剂产品0.001g置于100ml容量瓶中,然后向容量瓶中加入乙腈至100ml刻度处,配成10-5g/ml浓度的溶液,使用分光光度计进行紫外吸收测试,测试结果见表2。
表2:紫外最大吸收
样品 | 最大吸收(nm) |
实施例1 | 366 |
实施例2 | 365 |
实施例4 | 358 |
实施例6 | 376 |
实施例9 | 384 |
实施例11 | 370 |
Irgacure369 | 320 |
OXE-01 | 326 |
物质A | 327 |
由上表数据可以看出,本发明所示咔唑酮肟酯类光引发剂相比于传统光引发剂及现有酮肟脂类光引发剂而言具有更长波长的紫外吸收,更易与长波长的光源进行匹配。
2、感光度测试
测试方法:以单一的二缩三丙二醇二丙烯酸酯作为单体与单一光引发剂混合均匀后曝光,二缩三丙二醇二丙烯酸酯:光引发剂=50g:2g;涂抹厚度24μm;采用履带式曝光,灯源为LED灯,输出波长390nm,功能2W/cm2,以涂膜完全固化所需过履带次数来判断感光度大小,测试结果见表3。
表3:感光度比较
样品 | 曝光次数 |
实施例1 | 2 |
实施例4 | 2 |
实施例9 | 2 |
实施例11 | 3 |
Irgacure369 | >10 |
OXE-01 | 8 |
物质A | 8 |
由表3中的测试结果可以明显看出,本发明公开的式(I)所示光引发剂在长波长输出的LED灯照射下,表现出了比Irgacure369、OXE-01、以及物质A更高的感光度。也就是说,本发明的咔唑酮肟酯类化合物作为光引发剂,其感光(光固化)性能更为优异。
综上所述,本发明所述咔唑酮肟酯类光引发剂的应用性能优异,具有特别高的感光性能,特别是在低能量、长波长输出的LED、LDI等曝光灯源下表现出了很高的感光度,明显优于现阶段可商购的Irgacure369、OXE-01等光引发剂,也优于CN101565472A中公开的咔唑酮肟酯类光引发剂。
Claims (9)
2.权利要求1所述的咔唑酮肟酯类光引发剂,其特征在于:R1基团中n=1或2,m=3或4。
3.权利要求1所述的咔唑酮肟酯类光引发剂,其特征在于:R2基团选自C1~C5的直链或支链烷基,优选甲基、乙基、正丙基、正丁基。
4.权利要求1所述的咔唑酮肟酯类光引发剂,其特征在于:R3基团选自C1~C3的直链或支链烷基,优选甲基。
5.权利要求1所述的咔唑酮肟酯类光引发剂,其特征在于:Ar基团中,所述具有任选取代基的含S或O杂环基团具有0~2个甲基或乙基作为取代基;所述含S或O杂环基团为呋喃基或噻吩基。
6.权利要求1所述的咔唑酮肟酯类光引发剂,其特征在于:Ar基团中,所述取代芳基中含O、S、N原子的取代基团为烷硫基、烷氧基、烷氨基、哌嗪基、或吗啉基。
8.权利要求1-7所述咔唑酮肟酯类光引发剂的制备方法,该方法以咔唑为起始原料,包括以下步骤:
(1)取代反应:将咔唑溶解在有机溶剂中,与溴代烷烃R2-Br进行取代反应,得到中间体a,即9-R2基咔唑,其反应过程如下:
(2)酰基化反应:将中间体a溶解在有机溶剂中,在三氯化铝催化作用下,进行酰基化反应,得到中间体b,即3-R1基乙酰基-6-Ar酰基-9-R2基咔唑,其反应过程如下:
(3)氧化反应:由制得的中间体b经过氧化反应制得中间体c,即1-(6-Ar酰基-9-R2基咔唑-3-基)-2-R1基-1,2-二酮-2-肟,其反应过程如下:
(4)酯化反应:由制得的中间体c与R3基甲酸酐或R3基甲酰氯进行酯化反应制得目标产物,即式(I)所示的咔唑酮肟酯类光引发剂,其反应过程如下:
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP6082821B2 (ja) | 2017-02-15 |
WO2014121701A1 (zh) | 2014-08-14 |
US9815823B2 (en) | 2017-11-14 |
US20150307481A1 (en) | 2015-10-29 |
JP2016509099A (ja) | 2016-03-24 |
KR101742473B1 (ko) | 2017-06-01 |
CN103130919B (zh) | 2015-02-25 |
KR20150095853A (ko) | 2015-08-21 |
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