CN103109768B - Efficient industrialized breeding method for northeast loach - Google Patents

Efficient industrialized breeding method for northeast loach Download PDF

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CN103109768B
CN103109768B CN201310074456.8A CN201310074456A CN103109768B CN 103109768 B CN103109768 B CN 103109768B CN 201310074456 A CN201310074456 A CN 201310074456A CN 103109768 B CN103109768 B CN 103109768B
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loach
fish
female
loaches
male
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CN103109768A (en
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顾地周
乔淑芬
赵玉敏
姜云天
顾川岳
杨丽娟
潘雨
禚玲玲
张学士
王秋爽
付航
倪伟佳
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Tonghua Normal University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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Abstract

The invention relates to fish breeding technology, in particular to an efficient industrialized breeding method for northeast loaches. The method comprises the following steps: (1) male loaches and female loaches living for 2 to 3 years are chosen and are respectively fed for 40 to 50 days; (2) each female loach receives subcutaneous injection of parturition hastening medicine liquid at 0.0500to 0.0575 mL/g; (3) after the subcutaneous injection, the male loaches and the female loaches are respectively fed continuously for 12 to 14 days; (4) the male loaches and the female loaches are fed in a mixed mode, after copulation and egg-laying are completed, the female loaches and the male loaches are taken away, and after eggs are hatched, an average hatchability is over 99.8%; and (5) loach fries are fed. The method solves the problems that fry rate is low in natural breeding, copulation is incomplete, hatchability for a germ cell is low, the fries are threatened by small natural enemies so that survival rate is low and the like. According to the efficient industrialized breeding method for the northeast loaches, the bred loach fries are in high quality and the requirement for manual large scale breeding of the loaches is satisfied. The method has great economic, social and biological significance and wide application prospect.

Description

A kind of efficient factorial seedling-culturing method of Northeast China grey bristle loach fish
technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fish reproduction technology, i.e. a kind of efficient factorial seedling-culturing method of Northeast China grey bristle loach fish.
Background technology
In the prior art, Northeast China grey bristle loach be loach ( oriental weatherfish) in a kind, be Cobitidae loach and belong to perennial small-sized economic freshwater fish, can overwintering in China northeast, cultural technique is simple, workable, belongs to the short, adaptable and fast project of getting rich.Flower loach can be used as medicine, have warm in beneficial gas, sober up, remove the effect such as quench one's thirst.Meanwhile, flower loach fine and tender taste, nutritious, light deliciousness, is a kind of fish that nutrition, economic worth are very high.
In recent years, due to Chemical Fertilizers of Paddy Field, a large amount of uses of agricultural chemicals, the exploitation of the natural water areas such as marshland, the reasons such as the increasing of catching intensity, again because of flower loach natural propagation ability, planting percent is extremely low, cause the wild resource of flower loach to reduce year by year, wild flowers loach cannot be met the need of market, along with domestic and international market demand constantly rises, propagating artificially of colored loach carried out in various places, China northeast, but because fry rearing exists fertilization not exclusively, hatchability of fertile eggs is low, the reasons such as the little natural enemy harm of fry, cause the problems such as planting percent is extremely low, seriously restrict the development that loach is propagated artificially.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide for above-mentioned deficiency the efficient factorial seedling-culturing method of a kind of breeding Northeast China grey bristle loach fish that Artificial Control, hatchability of fertile eggs and planting percent are high constantly.
Technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of efficient factorial seedling-culturing method of Northeast China grey bristle loach fish, and its step is as follows:
(1) choose the male and female flowering loach of life in 2~3 years, feed respectively 40~50 d.
(2) raun being carried out to hypodermic injection expedites the emergence of liquid composition and usage amount scope and is respectively sodium chloride (4.000~5.000 g), (0.070~0.080 g), (0.052~0.060 g), (0.055~0.075 g) and fish luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog LRH-A 4.0 μ g, and five kinds of medicines are dissolved and add dual distilled water after mixing and be settled to 1000 mL for anhydrous calcium chloride for potassium chloride for sodium bicarbonate.
(3) injection rear continuation point is supported, point foster 12~14 d.
(4) female milter number is raised together with and carried out mating, after mate and oviposit completes, female milter is taken away, treat ovum hatching.
(5)flower loach seedling is fed.
Described liquid composition and the usage amount scope of expediting the emergence of is respectively sodium chloride (4.000~5.000 g), (0.070~0.080 g), (0.052~0.060 g), (0.055~0.075 g) and fish luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog LRH-A 4.0 μ g, and five kinds of medicines are dissolved and add dual distilled water after mixing and be settled to 1000 mL for anhydrous calcium chloride for potassium chloride for sodium bicarbonate.
In step (1), feed for nursing composition is: the compound of egg, bean powder and milk=1:3:1.Compound is made the pelletizing of diameter 2 cm, and each injected volume is 5/20, and every 12 h throw in 1 time.
In step (4), female milter number is 1:2.
In step (4), to keep hydrostatic, 22 ± 2 DEG C of water temperatures.
In step (5), feed yolk; The compound of throwing in afterwards egg, bean powder and milk=1:3:1 for 7 days carries out prelarva cultivation.
The kind fish that male and female are raised together with in step (4) is rendered on 40~45 eye mesh screens, and screen cloth is put into water, and the degree of depth, to exceed fish as standard, after mate and oviposit completes, is taken screen cloth away together with female milter.
A kind of efficient factorial seedling-culturing method of Northeast China grey bristle loach fish, its step is as follows: the male and female flowering loach of choosing life in 2~3 years, put into respectively artificial separation the in two flowing water ponds and feed 40~50 d, environmental temperature is 18 ± 2 DEG C, and feed for nursing composition is: the compound of egg, bean powder and milk=1:3:1, and compound is made the pelletizing of diameter 2 cm, each injected volume is 5/20, every 12 h throw in 1 time, stop flowing water when input, flowing water again after 1 h; After nursing 40~50 d, raun is carried out to hypodermic injection and expedite the emergence of liquid 0.0500~0.0575 mL/g, continue to divide and support, divide and support after 12~14 d, more female milter number is raised together with and carried out mating by 1:2, the kind fish that male and female are raised together with is rendered on 40~45 eye mesh screens, and screen cloth is put into water, the degree of depth, to exceed fish as standard, after mate and oviposit completes, is taken screen cloth away together with female milter, treat ovum hatching, now incubation temperature remains on 25 ± 2 DEG C; The yolk of throwing something and feeding after rupture of membranes, the compound of throwing in afterwards egg, bean powder and milk=1:3:1 for 7 days carries out prelarva cultivation, in the time that prelarva grows to 1.5~2.0 cm, can throw in pond culture and sell fry.
Advantage of the present invention is: 1, to adopt 2~3 years raw flower loach be kind of a fish (parent) in the present invention, by male and female separates artificial feeding, manually expedite the emergence of, timeliness stimulate and the mode of mating ovulation spend loach fast, the industrialized propagation of efficient, in good time, classification and high planting percent.2, the method solved that natural propagation planting percent is low, fertilization not exclusively, low, the little natural enemy harm of fry of hatchability of fertile eggs and the deficiency such as survival rate is low.3, a large amount of high-qualitys of application this method breeding are spent loach seedlings, can meet the needs of the artificial large-scale cultivation of colored loach.The present invention has great economy, society and ecological significance, and application prospect is extensive.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail.
Embodiment
An efficient factorial seedling-culturing method for Northeast China grey bristle loach fish, its step is as follows:
1 materials and methods
1.1 for the configuration that tries to spend loach fish source and expedite the emergence of liquid
Flower loach fish is caught from forest farm, all selects healthy, evenly 2~3 years raw flower loach fish of (being as the criterion with body weight, vigor and figure) of size.Expedite the emergence of liquid composition and usage amount scope be respectively sodium chloride (4.000~5.000 g), sodium bicarbonate (0.070~0.080 g), potassium chloride (0.052~0.060 g), anhydrous calcium chloride (0.055~0.075 g) and fish luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog LRH-A(4.0 μ g), after 5 kinds of medicines dissolvings are mixed, add dual distilled water and be settled to 1000 mL, regulating pH value is 3.2 ~ 3.3, packs in amber bottle, to seal that to be placed in shady and cool lucifuge place for subsequent use.
1.2 male and female separate after artificial feeding and manually expedite the emergence of
In kind fish in 1.1, choose 200 of 100 of the female flower loach of life in 2~3 years and male flower loach, putting into respectively artificial separation the in two flowing water ponds feeds, environmental temperature is (18 ± 2) DEG C, feed for nursing composition is: the compound of egg, bean powder and milk (1:3:1), make the pelletizing of diameter 2 cm, each injected volume is 5/20, and every 12 h throw in 1 time, when input, stop flowing water, flowing water again after 1 h.Culturing time scope is that (15~35 d), contain luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog for fish (LRH-A) solution every 5 d to configuration in raun artificial skin hemostasis 1 time 1.1, by the injection of fish body weight, the dose scope that injection contains luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog for fish (LRH-A) solution is (0.0200 ~ 0.0425 mL/g), injection contains after luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog for fish (LRH-A) solution, continue to divide and support, a point foster number of days scope is that (8~12 d).
1.3 sexual stimuluses, mating ovulation and fry management
Divide after foster certain number of days having injected the raun that contains luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog for fish (LRH-A) solution in 1.2, more female milter number (1:2) is raised together with and carried out sexual stimulus, to reach the object of further mate and oviposit, fertilization.Now, the kind fish that male and female are raised together with is rendered on 40~45 eye mesh screens, and screen cloth is put into water, and the degree of depth is to exceed fish as standard.From injection oxytocic, raise together with, sexual stimulus, mating to the process of laying eggs, keep hydrostatic, water temperature remains within the scope of (22 ± 2) DEG C, after ovum has been produced in mating, screen cloth is taken away together with female milter, treated ovum hatching, now temperature remains on (25 ± 2) DEG C.
After fertilized egg rupture of membranes, the colored loach seedling of strengthening management, adjust the factors such as current, water temperature, water quality, dissolved oxygen and density according to fry developmental state, the yolk of throwing something and feeding after rupture of membranes, the compound of throwing in afterwards egg, bean powder and milk (1:3:1) for 7 days carries out prelarva cultivation, and the factors such as moderate change current, water temperature, water quality, dissolved oxygen and density of carrying out are carried out hardening.In the time that prelarva grows to 1.5~2.0 cm, can throw in pond culture and sell fry.
In order accurately to judge culturing time, (LRH-A) solution dose that contains luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog for fish and expedite the emergence of after the impact of point foster number of days on flower Fertilized Eggs of Loach incubation rate, adopt uniform design, select U 10(10 3) evenly show, 10 rauns of each processing and 20 milters, repeat to average for 3 times.After 45 h, incubation rate is calculated in rough estimates, computational methods: dissect 1 raun of having expedited the emergence of by mate and oviposit, separate after whole roe weighs, 100 roes again, after weigh, can roughly calculate the number of eggs laid of every fish, after ovum hatching, roughly number goes out fry number, can calculate incubation rate, number of eggs laid × 100% of hatching fry number/every the fish after incubation rate (%)=every fish lays eggs.
2 culturing times, contain luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog for fish (LRH-A) solution dose and expedite the emergence of after the impact on flower Fertilized Eggs of Loach incubation rate of point foster number of days.
Table 1 ?the U of impact flower Fertilized Eggs of Loach hatching principal element 10(10 3) experimental scheme and result.
Regression Analysis Result by table 1 data is known, and regression equation is y=-0.883+0.938 x 1+ 0.922 x 2+ 2.23 x 3, significance α=0.05, multiple correlation coefficient r=0.9666, residual standard deviation s=2.5000, test value f t =28.44 ﹥ critical values f (0.05,3,6)=4.757, regression equation is remarkable.Culturing time, contain luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog for fish (LRH-A) solution dose and expedite the emergence of after point foster number of days flower Fertilized Eggs of Loach incubation rate is had to remarkable impact, culturing time be described, (LRH-A) solution dose that contains luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog fish for and expedite the emergence of after a point foster number of days be all to affect to spend Fertilized Eggs of Loach to hatch indispensable principal element.It is known to contribution margin and the contribution rate of the hatching of flower Fertilized Eggs of Loach by calculating culturing time, contain luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog for fish (LRH-A) solution dose and expediting the emergence of rear point foster number of days, u 1=373, u 1/ u=69.8%; u 2=341, u 2/ u=63.9%; u 3=79.2, u 3/ u=14.8%, culturing time is described, (LRH-A) solution dose that contains luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog for fish and expedite the emergence of after point foster number of days to the contribution order of flower Fertilized Eggs of Loach hatching be: point foster number of days after culturing time > contains luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog fish for (LRH-A) solution dose > and expedites the emergence of, again because of culturing time, contain luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog fish for (LRH-A) solution dose and expedite the emergence of after point foster number of days and spend Fertilized Eggs of Loach incubation rate to be proportionate.So when inferring culturing time, contain luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog for fish (LRH-A) solution dose and expediting the emergence of rear point foster number of days respectively higher than 35 d, 0.0425 mL/g and 12 d, flower Fertilized Eggs of Loach incubation rate may be higher.For checking is inferred, again taking culturing time as 35,40,45,50,55 and 60 d, LRH-A dose is 0.0425,0.0450,0.0475,0.0500,0.0525,0.0550,0.0575,0.0600,0.0625 and 0.0650 mL/g, after expediting the emergence of, a point foster number of days is the supplementary demonstration test that 12,13,14,15 and 16 d carry out 10 levels, repeats to average for 3 times.Found that, early stage, culturing time was for (40~50 d), containing luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog fish for (LRH-A) solution dose for (0.0500~0.0575 mL/g) and divide foster number of days after expediting the emergence of is that (12~14 d) time, flower Fertilized Eggs of Loach incubation rate is the highest, average incubation rate reaches more than 99.8%, all higher than the incubation rate of listed 10 processing in table 1.
Therefore, choose the male and female flowering loach of life in 2~3 years, put into respectively artificial separation the in two flowing water ponds and feed 40~50 d, fully to reach nutrient accumulation and sexual maturity, now, raun belly is rubescent, and environmental temperature is (18 ± 2) DEG C, feed for nursing composition is: the compound of egg, bean powder and milk (1:3:1), make the pelletizing of diameter 2 cm, each injected volume is 5/20, and every 12 h throw in 1 time, when input, stop flowing water, flowing water again after 1 h; After feeding 40~50 d, raun is carried out to liquid 0.0500~0.0575 mL/g that hypodermic injection contains luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog for fish (LRH-A), to reach the object of laying eggs fast; Injection contains after luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog for fish (LRH-A) solution, continue to divide and support, after point foster 12~14 d, more female milter number (1:2) is raised together with and carried out sexual stimulus, to reach the object of mate and oviposit, fertilization, the kind fish that male and female are raised together with is rendered on 40~45 eye mesh screens, and screen cloth is put into water, and the degree of depth is to exceed fish as standard, raise together with 10 h and start to occur that milter chases raun, and be wrapped on raun body, raun starts to lay eggs, and 10 h left and right complete lays eggs.After mate and oviposit completes, screen cloth is taken away together with female milter, treat ovum hatching, now incubation temperature remains on (25 ± 2) DEG C.From injection oxytocic, raise together with, sexual stimulus, mating to the process of laying eggs, keep hydrostatic, water temperature remains within the scope of (22 ± 2) DEG C.
3 seedling managements
Fertilized egg rupture of membranes after 15~20 h of having laid eggs, grows seedlings and gets out from ovum, and now, the colored loach seedling of strengthening management, adjusts the factors such as current, water temperature, water quality, dissolved oxygen and density, the yolk of throwing something and feeding after rupture of membranes according to fry developmental state.The compound of throwing in afterwards egg, bean powder and milk (1:3:1) for 7 days carries out prelarva cultivation, and the factors such as moderate change current, water temperature, water quality, dissolved oxygen and density of carrying out are carried out hardening.In the time that prelarva grows to 1.5~2.0 cm, can throw in pond culture and sell fry.

Claims (8)

1. an efficient factorial seedling-culturing method for Northeast China grey bristle loach fish, is characterized in that step is as follows:
(1) choose the male and female flowering loach of life in 2~3 years, feed respectively 40~50 d;
(2) raun is carried out to hypodermic injection and expedite the emergence of liquid 0.0500~0.0575 mL/g; Described expedite the emergence of liquid composition and amount ranges is respectively sodium chloride 4.000~5.000 g, sodium bicarbonate 0.070~0.080 g, potassium chloride 0.052~0.060 g, anhydrous calcium chloride 0.055~0.075 g and fish luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog LRH-A 4.0 μ g, after five kinds of medicines dissolvings are mixed, add dual distilled water and be settled to 1000 mL, regulating pH value is 3.2 ~ 3.3;
(3) injection rear continuation point is supported, point foster 12~14 d;
(4) female milter number is raised together with and carried out mating, after mate and oviposit completes, female milter is taken away, treat ovum hatching;
(5) spend loach seedling to feed.
2. according to the efficient factorial seedling-culturing method of Northeast China grey bristle loach fish claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that expediting the emergence of liquid composition and consumption is sodium chloride 5.000 g, sodium bicarbonate 0.080 g, potassium chloride 0.060 g, anhydrous calcium chloride 0.075 g and fish luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog LRH-A 4.0 μ g, adds dual distilled water and be settled to 1000 mL after five kinds of medicines dissolvings are mixed.
3. according to the efficient factorial seedling-culturing method of Northeast China grey bristle loach fish claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that in step (1), feed for nursing composition is: the compound of egg, bean powder and milk=1:3:1.
4. according to the efficient factorial seedling-culturing method of Northeast China grey bristle loach fish claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that compound makes the pelletizing of diameter 2 cm, each injected volume is 5/20, every 12 h throw in 1 time.
5. according to the efficient factorial seedling-culturing method of Northeast China grey bristle loach fish claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that in step (4), female milter number is 1:2.
6. according to the efficient factorial seedling-culturing method of Northeast China grey bristle loach fish claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that hello yolk in step (5); The compound of throwing in afterwards egg, bean powder and milk=1:3:1 for 7 days carries out prelarva cultivation.
7. according to the efficient factorial seedling-culturing method of Northeast China grey bristle loach fish claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the kind fish that male and female are raised together with in step (4) renders on 40~45 eye mesh screens, and screen cloth is put into water, the degree of depth is to exceed fish as standard, after mate and oviposit completes, screen cloth is taken away together with female milter.
8. according to the efficient factorial seedling-culturing method of Northeast China grey bristle loach fish claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that choosing the male and female flowering loach of life in 2~3 years, put into respectively artificial separation the in two flowing water ponds and feed 40~50 d, environmental temperature is 18 ± 2 DEG C, and feed for nursing composition is: the compound of egg, bean powder and milk=1:3:1, and compound is made the pelletizing of diameter 2 cm, each injected volume is 5/20, every 12 h throw in 1 time, stop flowing water when input, flowing water again after 1 h; After nursing 40~50 d, raun is carried out to hypodermic injection and expedite the emergence of liquid 0.0500~0.0575 mL/g, continue to divide and support, divide and support after 12~14 d, more female milter number is raised together with and carried out mating by 1:2, the kind fish that male and female are raised together with is rendered on 40~45 eye mesh screens, and screen cloth is put into water, the degree of depth, to exceed fish as standard, after mate and oviposit completes, is taken screen cloth away together with female milter, treat ovum hatching, now incubation temperature remains on 25 ± 2 DEG C; The yolk of throwing something and feeding after rupture of membranes, the compound of throwing in afterwards egg, bean powder and milk=1:3:1 for 7 days carries out prelarva cultivation, in the time that prelarva grows to 1.5~2.0 cm, can throw in pond culture and sell fry.
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