CN102217560A - Loach fry artificial breeding method - Google Patents
Loach fry artificial breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention relates to a loach fry artificial breeding method which is characterized by including the steps of selecting healthy parental loaches above two winters old and conducting enrichment culture for 25-35 days; then conducting hybrid injection of HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) and DOM (domperidone) for artificially hastening parturition; after 10-14 hours after parturition hastening, collecting fertilized eggs; and then conducting artificial incubation and larva breeding, thus obtaining the loach fry. In the invention, through the enrichment culture of the parental loaches, synchronous maturing is promoted and oogonium percentage is enhanced; with the parental loach parturition hastening technology, synchronous egg laying can be realized; with the hybrid injection method, the ovarian development and the egg laying effect of the loaches can be promoted, so that the synchronous egg laying rate of the parental loaches achieves 40%; and an inflation incubation way is adopted on the fertilized eggs, so that the incubation rate of the fertilized eggs can be greatly improved. Through enrichment culture, the survival rate of the loach fry can be enhanced remarkably.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the artificial breeding method of a kind of animal, particularly a kind of loach fish the Miaos worker mating system.
Background technology
The seed of China loach breed at present mainly relies on the natural seeding, wild fry of fishing for.Because severe contaminations such as chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, three industrial wastes, and the transition influence of fishing for, cause the wild resource of loach to fall sharply, the seed resource that the wild loach of originally simple dependence provides can not satisfy the demand of large-scale farming.This also makes the supply of loach seedling become restriction China loach and cultures fast-developing " bottleneck ", and its wild resource has been caused huge destruction.
Loach can natural spawning, also can take the mode of artificial propagation.Natural spawning yields poorly, and the ovum of output is eaten up by loach easily, and the collection of fertilized egg is also inconvenient, can not in time provide in batches to culture and use the loach fry.There is defective in currently used artificial propagation mode aspect collection ovum and the sperm, and operation easier is big, and the parent population that lays eggs loss is more; The sport technique segment that some are crucial, also do not solved well as problems such as the parent population accelerating of loach, the synchronism of laying eggs, incubating oosperm, young postlarva artificial cultures, be difficult to form a cover mature technique system, thereby cause the present loach artificial breeding efficient of emerging lower, scale is less, can not form stable loach seed batch production and produce.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, and loach fish the Miaos worker mating system that a kind of method is reasonable, workable, can realize scale is provided.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to realize by following technical scheme.The present invention is the artificial breeding method of a kind of loach fry, is characterized in, its step is as follows:
(1) selects above healthy close loach in 2 ages in winter, carried out as follows reinforced cultivating 25-35 days: male and female parent loach is divided to be opened in carry out reinforced cultivating in the special pond, the feed that is adopted during reinforced cultivating is a dregs of beans, perhaps be protein content greater than 50% loach feed, an amount of dusty yeast and the vitamin of adding, a day feeding volume is the 5-7% of close loach body weight;
(2) artificial induced spawning: oxytocic drug adopts human chorionic gonadtropin HCG and maleic acid DOM DOM hybrid injection, and wherein female loach HCG injected dose is 15-20IU/g, and the DOM injected dose is 0.003-0.005mg/g; The injected dose of male loach is the 40-60% of female loach injected dose; And the injected dose of every tail parent loach is no more than 0.5 milliliter; The quantitative proportion of female loach and male loach is 1: 2-3;
(3) collection of fertilized egg: the close loach after hastening parturition is assigned in each spawning pond according to sequencing, every square metre of 20-30 bar, and hydrostatic is waited to produce; Hasten parturition the back after 10-14 hour,, and collect fertilized egg with net cage at the delivery port place with the water emptying in the spawning pond;
(4) artificial incubation of fertilized egg: the fertilized egg of collecting changed over to inflate hatching in the hatching pail, the hatching water temperature is 20-25 ℃, hatch prelarva;
(5) larval culture: after 60-80 hour the cultivation of prelarva process, carry out as follows more promptly getting the loach fry in reinforced cultivating 6-10 days: throw something and feed during reinforced cultivating yolk and wheel animalcule, day feeding volume accounts for the 25-35% of its body weight; Continuous charge in the larval culture process, water temperature are 20-25 ℃.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention can also further realize by following technical scheme.The artificial breeding method of above-described loach fry is characterized in: before the artificial induced spawning of step (2), it is that 0-4 ℃ water or the frozen water mixture of water (ice with) soak and anaesthetized in 2-3 minute that close loach is placed temperature.
Compared with prior art, the advantage of the mating system of the present invention of the present invention and further design is as follows:
1, by close loach reinforced cultivating, promote maturation synchronously, female loach belly expands and is soft flexible, and body colour is orange colour and glossy, and belly white is obviously.The oogonium of the 4th o'clock phase of mature ovarian accounts for more than 50% of whole ovary, and has only about 5% without the loach of accelerating the ripening.
2, adopt water or frozen water anesthesia before close loach is hastened parturition, make the survival rate of close loach bring up to 85% by 60%.
3, the close loach technology of hastening parturition can realize synchronous spawning, human chorionic gonadtropin (HCG) and maleic acid DOM (DOM) hybrid injection method promote the loach development of ovary and promote that the effect of laying eggs is obvious, can make the synchronous spawning rate of close loach reach 40%, and natural mating synchronous spawning rate is less than 10%.
4, fertilized egg is adopted the inflation hatching pattern, can increase substantially the fertilized egg hatching rate.The inflation hatching pattern is compared traditional hydrostatic nature hatching pattern fertilized egg and is disperseed, convenient management, and average fertilization rate is more than 90%, and natural hydrostatic incubation rate has only about 10%.
5,, increase substantially the survival rate of prelarva by reinforced cultivating.Prelarva to opening carries out reinforced cultivating, and the required stable water quality bait of fry growth etc. is provided, and the prelarva survival rate is reached more than 60%; And the prelarva survival rate that traditional Tu Chi directly puts in a suitable place to breed has only below 20%.
Embodiment
Below further describe concrete technical scheme of the present invention,, and do not constitute restriction its right so that those skilled in the art understands the present invention further.
Embodiment 1.The artificial breeding method of a kind of loach fry, its step is as follows:
(1) selects above healthy close loach in 2 ages in winter, carried out reinforced cultivating as follows 25 days: male and female parent loach is divided to be opened in carry out reinforced cultivating in the special pond, the feed that is adopted during reinforced cultivating is a dregs of beans, perhaps be protein content greater than 50% loach feed, an amount of dusty yeast and the vitamin of adding, a day feeding volume is 5% of a close loach body weight;
(2) artificial induced spawning: oxytocic drug adopts human chorionic gonadtropin HCG and maleic acid DOM DOM hybrid injection, and wherein female loach HCG injected dose is 15IU/g, and the DOM injected dose is 0.003mg/g; The injected dose of male loach is 40% of a female loach injected dose; And the injected dose of every tail parent loach is no more than 0.5 milliliter; The quantitative proportion of female loach and male loach is 1: 2;
(3) collection of fertilized egg: the close loach after hastening parturition is assigned in each spawning pond according to sequencing, and 20 every square metre, hydrostatic is waited to produce; After hastening parturition back 10 hours,, and collect fertilized egg with net cage at the delivery port place with the water emptying in the spawning pond;
(4) artificial incubation of fertilized egg: the fertilized egg of collecting changed over to inflate hatching in the hatching pail, the hatching water temperature is 20 ℃, hatch prelarva;
(5) larval culture: prelarva through 60 hours cultivation after, carry out reinforced cultivating more as follows and promptly got the loach fry in 6 days: throw something and feed during reinforced cultivating yolk and wheel animalcule, a day feeding volume accounts for 25% of its body weight; Continuous charge in the larval culture process, water temperature are 20 ℃.
Embodiment 2.The artificial breeding method of a kind of loach fry, its step is as follows:
(1) selects above healthy close loach in 2 ages in winter, carried out reinforced cultivating as follows 35 days: male and female parent loach is divided to be opened in carry out reinforced cultivating in the special pond, the feed that is adopted during reinforced cultivating is a dregs of beans, perhaps be protein content greater than 50% loach feed, an amount of dusty yeast and the vitamin of adding, a day feeding volume is 7% of a close loach body weight;
(2) artificial induced spawning: oxytocic drug adopts human chorionic gonadtropin HCG and maleic acid DOM DOM hybrid injection, and wherein female loach HCG injected dose is 20IU/g, and the DOM injected dose is 0.005mg/g; The injected dose of male loach is 60% of a female loach injected dose; And the injected dose of every tail parent loach is no more than 0.5 milliliter; The quantitative proportion of female loach and male loach is 1: 3;
(3) collection of fertilized egg: the close loach after hastening parturition is assigned in each spawning pond according to sequencing, and 30 every square metre, hydrostatic is waited to produce; After hastening parturition back 14 hours,, and collect fertilized egg with net cage at the delivery port place with the water emptying in the spawning pond;
(4) artificial incubation of fertilized egg: the fertilized egg of collecting changed over to inflate hatching in the hatching pail, the hatching water temperature is 25 ℃, hatch prelarva;
(5) larval culture: prelarva through 80 hours cultivation after, carry out reinforced cultivating more as follows and promptly got the loach fry in 10 days: throw something and feed during reinforced cultivating yolk and wheel animalcule, a day feeding volume accounts for 35% of its body weight; Continuous charge in the larval culture process, water temperature are 25 ℃.
Embodiment 3.The artificial breeding method of a kind of loach fry, its step is as follows:
(1) selects above healthy close loach in 2 ages in winter, carried out reinforced cultivating as follows 30 days: male and female parent loach is divided to be opened in carry out reinforced cultivating in the special pond, the feed that is adopted during reinforced cultivating is a dregs of beans, perhaps be protein content greater than 50% loach feed, an amount of dusty yeast and the vitamin of adding, a day feeding volume is 6% of a close loach body weight;
(2) artificial induced spawning: oxytocic drug adopts human chorionic gonadtropin HCG and maleic acid DOM DOM hybrid injection, and wherein female loach HCG injected dose is 18IU/g, and the DOM injected dose is 0.004mg/g; The injected dose of male loach is 50% of a female loach injected dose; And the injected dose of every tail parent loach is no more than 0.5 milliliter; The quantitative proportion of female loach and male loach is 1: 2;
(3) collection of fertilized egg: the close loach after hastening parturition is assigned in each spawning pond according to sequencing, and 25 every square metre, hydrostatic is waited to produce; After hastening parturition back 12 hours,, and collect fertilized egg with net cage at the delivery port place with the water emptying in the spawning pond;
(4) artificial incubation of fertilized egg: the fertilized egg of collecting changed over to inflate hatching in the hatching pail, the hatching water temperature is 22 ℃, hatch prelarva;
(5) larval culture: prelarva through 70 hours cultivation after, carry out reinforced cultivating more as follows and promptly got the loach fry in 7 days: throw something and feed during reinforced cultivating yolk and wheel animalcule, a day feeding volume accounts for 30% of its body weight; Continuous charge in the larval culture process, water temperature are 22 ℃.
Embodiment 4.Among the artificial breeding method of any one described loach fry of embodiment 1-3: before the artificial induced spawning of step (2), it is that 0-4 ℃ water or frozen water soak and anaesthetized in 2-3 minute that close loach is placed temperature.
Embodiment 5.Artificial breeding method's test of loach fry.
Choose each 500 of the close loach of the male and female that surpassed for 2 ages in winter, the height of male and female parent loach is all greater than 15 centimetres, and body weight is greater than 30 grams.With close loach reinforced cultivating 30 days in special pond.Also an amount of dusty yeast and the vitamin of adding of the dregs of beans of throwing something and feeding in the reinforced cultivating process.Day feeding volume is 5% of a loach body weight.Be mixed with anesthesia liquid with 2 ℃ of water before hastening parturition, close loach was soaked 3 minutes therein, close loach is anaesthetized, and encases the back with wet gauze then and takes out injection.Adopt human chorionic gonadtropin (HCG) and maleic acid DOM (DOM) hybrid injection.The HCG injected dose is 15IU/g, and male loach reduces by half; The DOM injected dose is 0.003mg/g, and male loach reduces by half.Oxytocic drug is prepared with physiological saline, mixes before using.The injected dose of every tail loach is 0.3 milliliter.Close loach after hastening parturition is assigned in each spawning pond according to sequencing, and 20 every square metre, hydrostatic is waited to produce.Back 12 hours close loach of hastening parturition are concentrated and lay eggs, and after laying eggs close loach are fished for out.With the water emptying in the spawning pond, collect fertilized egg with 200 order net cages at delivery port.Use 75 liters of white plastic buckets as hatching pail, in time change the fertilized egg of collecting in hatching pail inflation hatching.Change water 30% every day, water temperature remains on 20-25 ℃, and fertilized egg is a prelarva through 25 hours hatching back membranes, and free swimming.Prelarva is put into the intermediate rearing pond.After cultivation in 75 hours, loach prelarva initial feeding is promptly transferred to the reinforced cultivating pond and is carried out reinforced cultivating.Continuous charge during reinforced cultivating, water temperature are controlled at about 24 ℃, the yolk of throwing something and feeding (150 order net filtration), wheel animalcule etc., and a day feeding volume accounts for 30% of its body weight, divides and throws something and feeds for 6 times.Day, quantity of exchanged water was controlled at 100%, and through about 7 days reinforced cultivating, prelarva grew up to darker " black young " fry of pigment about 1 centimeter.After measured, the oogonium through the 4th o'clock phase of close loach mature ovarian of reinforced cultivating accounts for 53% of whole ovary; The anesthesia of employing frozen water, the survival rate of close loach is 86%; The synchronous spawning rate of the close loach of process artificial induced spawning reaches 38%; Adopt the inflation hatching pattern, the fertilized egg hatching rate reaches 92%.
Claims (2)
1. loach fish the Miaos worker mating system is characterized in that its step is as follows:
(1) selects above healthy close loach in 2 ages in winter, carried out as follows reinforced cultivating 25-35 days: male and female parent loach is divided to be opened in carry out reinforced cultivating in the special pond, the feed that is adopted during reinforced cultivating is a dregs of beans, perhaps be protein content greater than 50% loach feed, an amount of dusty yeast and the vitamin of adding, a day feeding volume is the 5-7% of close loach body weight;
(2) artificial induced spawning: oxytocic drug adopts human chorionic gonadtropin HCG and maleic acid DOM DOM hybrid injection, and wherein female loach HCG injected dose is 15-20IU/g, and the DOM injected dose is 0.003-0.005mg/g; The injected dose of male loach is the 40-60% of female loach injected dose; And the injected dose of every tail parent loach is no more than 0.5 milliliter; The quantitative proportion of female loach and male loach is 1: 2-3;
(3) collection of fertilized egg: the close loach after hastening parturition is assigned in each spawning pond according to sequencing, every square metre of 20-30 bar, and hydrostatic is waited to produce; Hasten parturition the back after 10-14 hour,, and collect fertilized egg with net cage at the delivery port place with the water emptying in the spawning pond;
(4) artificial incubation of fertilized egg: the fertilized egg of collecting changed over to inflate hatching in the hatching pail, the hatching water temperature is 20-25 ℃, hatch prelarva;
(5) larval culture: after 60-80 hour the cultivation of prelarva process, carry out as follows more promptly getting the loach fry in reinforced cultivating 6-10 days: throw something and feed during reinforced cultivating yolk and wheel animalcule, day feeding volume accounts for the 25-35% of its body weight; Continuous charge in the larval culture process, water temperature are 20-25 ℃.
2. according to the described loach fish the Miaos worker of claim 1 mating system, it is characterized in that before the artificial induced spawning of step (2), it is that 0-4 ℃ water or frozen water soak and anaesthetized in 2-3 minute that close loach is placed temperature.
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| CN102599091A (en) * | 2012-03-26 | 2012-07-25 | 浙江海洋学院 | Hybrid propagation method and fertilized ovum hatching device for loach |
| CN102696511A (en) * | 2012-05-22 | 2012-10-03 | 句容市创新果业专业合作社 | Loach feeding method |
| CN102835336A (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2012-12-26 | 盐城市盐都区水产技术推广站 | Method for batch breeding of loach fry |
| CN103109767A (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2013-05-22 | 江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所 | Loach fish fry artificial cultivation method |
| CN103109768A (en) * | 2013-03-10 | 2013-05-22 | 通化师范学院 | Efficient industrialized breeding method for northeast loach |
| CN103314910A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2013-09-25 | 徐州市水产技术推广站 | Industrial loach breeding and fry culturing method |
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| CN104396819A (en) * | 2014-11-10 | 2015-03-11 | 余仁忠 | Method for culturing loach in net cages |
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| CN105475197A (en) * | 2015-12-19 | 2016-04-13 | 太和县顺发养殖有限公司 | Loach larva incubation and cultivation method |
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| CN108265026A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-07-10 | 中国水产科学研究院北戴河中心实验站 | A kind of lefteye flounder oogonium isolation and purification method |
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