CN102953066A - 一种多支化的曼尼希碱缓蚀剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种多支化的曼尼希碱缓蚀剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102953066A CN102953066A CN2011102388573A CN201110238857A CN102953066A CN 102953066 A CN102953066 A CN 102953066A CN 2011102388573 A CN2011102388573 A CN 2011102388573A CN 201110238857 A CN201110238857 A CN 201110238857A CN 102953066 A CN102953066 A CN 102953066A
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- Prior art keywords
- ketone
- base
- ketone group
- inhibiter
- cyclopentanone
- Prior art date
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C225/00—Compounds containing amino groups and doubly—bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton, at least one of the doubly—bound oxygen atoms not being part of a —CHO group, e.g. amino ketones
- C07C225/02—Compounds containing amino groups and doubly—bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton, at least one of the doubly—bound oxygen atoms not being part of a —CHO group, e.g. amino ketones having amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton
- C07C225/04—Compounds containing amino groups and doubly—bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton, at least one of the doubly—bound oxygen atoms not being part of a —CHO group, e.g. amino ketones having amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being saturated
- C07C225/06—Compounds containing amino groups and doubly—bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton, at least one of the doubly—bound oxygen atoms not being part of a —CHO group, e.g. amino ketones having amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being saturated and acyclic
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C221/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups and doubly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C225/00—Compounds containing amino groups and doubly—bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton, at least one of the doubly—bound oxygen atoms not being part of a —CHO group, e.g. amino ketones
- C07C225/02—Compounds containing amino groups and doubly—bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton, at least one of the doubly—bound oxygen atoms not being part of a —CHO group, e.g. amino ketones having amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton
- C07C225/04—Compounds containing amino groups and doubly—bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton, at least one of the doubly—bound oxygen atoms not being part of a —CHO group, e.g. amino ketones having amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being saturated
- C07C225/08—Compounds containing amino groups and doubly—bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton, at least one of the doubly—bound oxygen atoms not being part of a —CHO group, e.g. amino ketones having amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being saturated and containing rings
- C07C225/10—Compounds containing amino groups and doubly—bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton, at least one of the doubly—bound oxygen atoms not being part of a —CHO group, e.g. amino ketones having amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being saturated and containing rings with doubly-bound oxygen atoms bound to carbon atoms not being part of rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C225/00—Compounds containing amino groups and doubly—bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton, at least one of the doubly—bound oxygen atoms not being part of a —CHO group, e.g. amino ketones
- C07C225/02—Compounds containing amino groups and doubly—bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton, at least one of the doubly—bound oxygen atoms not being part of a —CHO group, e.g. amino ketones having amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton
- C07C225/04—Compounds containing amino groups and doubly—bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton, at least one of the doubly—bound oxygen atoms not being part of a —CHO group, e.g. amino ketones having amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being saturated
- C07C225/08—Compounds containing amino groups and doubly—bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton, at least one of the doubly—bound oxygen atoms not being part of a —CHO group, e.g. amino ketones having amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being saturated and containing rings
- C07C225/12—Compounds containing amino groups and doubly—bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton, at least one of the doubly—bound oxygen atoms not being part of a —CHO group, e.g. amino ketones having amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being saturated and containing rings with doubly-bound oxygen atoms bound to carbon atoms being part of rings
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C225/00—Compounds containing amino groups and doubly—bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton, at least one of the doubly—bound oxygen atoms not being part of a —CHO group, e.g. amino ketones
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- C07C225/14—Compounds containing amino groups and doubly—bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton, at least one of the doubly—bound oxygen atoms not being part of a —CHO group, e.g. amino ketones having amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being unsaturated
- C07C225/16—Compounds containing amino groups and doubly—bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton, at least one of the doubly—bound oxygen atoms not being part of a —CHO group, e.g. amino ketones having amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being unsaturated and containing six-membered aromatic rings
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G75/00—Inhibiting corrosion or fouling in apparatus for treatment or conversion of hydrocarbon oils, in general
- C10G75/02—Inhibiting corrosion or fouling in apparatus for treatment or conversion of hydrocarbon oils, in general by addition of corrosion inhibitors
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- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
- C23F11/08—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids
- C23F11/10—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids using organic inhibitors
- C23F11/14—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C23F11/141—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
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- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种多支化的曼尼希碱缓蚀剂及其制备方法;(1)将3~7摩尔酮、3~7摩尔醛加入反应釜,用酸调节pH值至2~6,控制温度为20~50℃,搅拌20~30分钟;(2)搅拌条件下,将1摩尔有机多胺加入反应釜中,或者将调节好pH值的酮、醛及有机溶剂加入有机多胺中,控制温度60~90℃,反应时间为1~3小时,反应完毕后,在氮气保护下将体系加热至110℃,去除反应水;有机多胺为含有三个以上伯胺基和/或仲胺基的有机化合物;本缓蚀剂具有吸附力强、膜强度高、膜致密性高的特性,缓蚀率至少提高2%以上,克服了现有技术中缓蚀剂吸附中心少,吸附基团单一,与金属表面吸附力不强的缺点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种多支化的曼尼希碱缓蚀剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
曼尼希反应(Mannich Reaction)又称胺甲基化反应,是从20世纪初逐步发展起来的一个重要的有机反应。它是以德国化学家Carl Ulvich Franz Mannch(1877-1947)的名字命名的。1917年曼尼希发现了胺类盐酸盐、甲醛与C-H酸化合物、特别是与酮的反应,不仅能制备酮碱,而且适当选择反应组分,还可以制备出类似生物碱特性的物质。此后,曼尼希学派发表了大量的研究报告,特别是对脂肪酮类、脂肪芳香酮类及脂环酮作为酸组分的反应进行了详细研究,奠定了曼尼希反应的基础。曼尼希碱及其衍生物最初是作为药物而得到应用的,随着时间的推移,该反应的产物几乎深入到了人类生活资料生产的各个领域,如在医药方面可用于合成镇静止痛药、杀菌剂、水肿抑制药、抗肿瘤药保肝药、抗凝血药等,另外,在炸药及推进剂、高分子絮凝剂、防腐缓蚀剂、硫化促进剂、除莠剂、分散剂、抗氧化剂、活性染料、食物香料、金属螯合剂等方面都有很多产品和应用。
曼尼希碱作为缓蚀剂应用始于上世纪70年代,最初用作防冻溶液中的防腐剂,后来用于处理石油气储存器内壁。随着石油勘探和开采中井深增加,油井酸化增产原油技术的普遍应用,对高温酸化缓蚀剂的需求使得曼尼希碱型缓蚀剂的应用得到推广。
有关曼尼希型缓蚀剂的文献和专利报道主要有:
段晓云,李朋江以甲醛、环己胺、苯乙酮为主要原料,利用Mannich反应合成Mannich碱类缓蚀剂,研究了甲醛、环己胺、苯乙酮各原料配比对合成Mannich碱类缓蚀剂缓蚀性能的影响【段晓云,李朋江.一种Mannich碱类缓蚀剂合成的研究.化工技术与开发.2008,37(9):11-12】;文献“YZ-1酸化缓蚀剂的合成及其性能”报道了一种以甲醛、丙酮和乙二胺为原料,经过Mannich反应合成的曼尼希碱酸化缓蚀剂YZ-1。在盐酸、氢氟酸和土酸中均有较好的缓蚀效果。其耐温性高达150℃【郑海洪,李建波,莫治兵,等.YZ-1酸化缓蚀剂的合成及其性能.石油化工腐蚀与防 护.2008,25(4):8-10】;西南石油大学田发国,李建波,颜紫霖,等以甲醛、苯乙酮、乙二胺为主要原料,通过曼尼希反应制得曼尼希碱,再与氯化苄进行季铵化得到曼尼希碱季铵盐,所得缓蚀剂产品酸溶性较好,与其他酸化添加剂配伍性好,无毒,能抗高温,在不同酸液中均表现出了优良的缓蚀性能【田发国,李建波,颜紫霖,等.一种新型油井高温酸化缓蚀剂SYB的制备及性能评价.石油与天然气化工.2009,38(5):426-429】;“一种曼尼希碱型盐酸酸化缓蚀剂的研制”一文报道了利用环己胺研制的一种低成本曼尼希碱。该曼尼希碱可用作油气井酸化缓蚀剂的主剂,腐蚀试验表明,在60℃,20%的工业盐酸中只需加入0.5%,即可满足石油天然气行业标准中酸化缓蚀剂一级品的要求【王京光,于洪江,李谦定.一种曼尼希碱型盐酸酸化缓蚀剂的研制.西安石油大学学报:自然科学版.2007,22(3):77-79】;中国专利CN 100577877C公开一种合成曼尼希碱钢铁缓蚀剂母液的方法及钢铁缓蚀剂母液,该方法是在水介质中通过仲胺、醛和烷基、环烷基、芳香基或卤代烷基、环烷基、芳香基酮的曼尼希反应,制备钢铁缓蚀剂;CN 101451242A“一种用于含Cr油管的高温酸化缓蚀剂”公开了一种酸化缓蚀剂,其主剂A组成为:25份~35份喹啉季铵盐或喹啉衍生物季铵盐,5份~10份碘化钾和40份~60份有机溶剂甲醇或甲醛。助剂B组成为:30份~50份曼尼希碱,15份~35份丙炔醇,5份~15份氯化铬和20份~35份甲醛。使用时A∶B=2~1.5∶1;CN 1761715A以酚类化合物、甲醛和至少一种多胺合成了环氧体系或聚氨酯体系的曼尼希碱型固化剂,为使酚类化合物尽量完全反应而不残留致使产物环境友好性差,专利中采用过量的胺;CN 101182296A公开的专利也报道了一种用于环氧体系或聚氨酯体系的固化剂,方法是基于二聚环己酮、甲醛及至少一种多胺通过曼尼希反应合成,同样采取胺过量的原料配比。
现有技术中合成的曼尼希型缓蚀剂的合成原料主要有:(1)酮,主要有脂肪酮(如丙酮、丁酮、戊酮、己酮等)、环烷酮(如环己酮)和芳香酮(如苯乙酮);(2)醛,一般为甲醛,或者聚甲醛。(3)胺,主要有脂肪胺(如二乙醇胺、二甲胺、二乙胺、乙二胺,脂肪多胺)、环烷胺(环己胺、吗啉等)、芳香胺(如苯胺、苄胺、芳香多胺等)。现有技术方案中的酮、醛、胺(单胺)为1∶1∶1或酮、醛、胺(二胺)为2∶2∶1,因此,所得到的曼尼希碱为线形结构:
I:伯、仲胺或氨
II:甲醛或其他醛
III:含有一个或多个活泼氢的化合物
IV:曼尼希碱
Z:吸电子基
其吸附中心分布于分子一端或两端,当线形曼尼希型缓蚀剂遇见金属壁面时,表现为端基吸附,含吸附中心的一端与金属形成化学或物理吸附,另一端向外伸展形成疏水层。线形结构曼尼希型缓蚀剂在金属表面成膜的缺陷在于:缓蚀剂与金属壁面因单点吸附而结合力差、膜强度低、膜致密性差,尤其在已被侵蚀或不光洁的金属壁面,难以成膜或无法成膜,缓蚀能力差。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种多支化的空间体形结构的曼尼希碱或称手性曼尼希碱缓蚀剂,是以酮、醛和含有三个以上伯胺基和/或仲胺基的有机多胺经曼尼希反应制得,且其原料摩尔比为:酮∶醛∶多胺=X1∶X2∶1,其中X1>2、X2>2,使有机多胺上至少两个伯胺基或仲胺基分别与酮、醛进行曼尼希反应,即充分利用有机多胺进行多个胺基上的官能团接枝,得到多支化的曼尼希碱缓蚀剂结构:
其中:Nl,Nx,Ny,Nm,Nn为碳氮骨架上的氮原子,x,y,m,n为其顺序编号,2≤x≤m≤y≤n-1,且3≤n≤7;
R1,Rm,Rn为原料酮中与羰基相连的碳原子上的活泼氢被取代后的取代基,可以分别是脂肪酮基、脂环酮基、芳香酮基。脂环酮基中的环内酮基包括环己酮基、环戊酮基、邻甲基环己酮基、对甲基环己酮基、2-甲基环戊酮基,2-乙基环戊酮基,3-乙基环戊酮基;脂肪酮基、芳香酮基和其它脂环酮基可以表示为下式:Rx、Ry,可以是H,或者
R’为原料酮中与羰基相连的碳原子上的活泼氢被取代后的取代基,可以分别是脂肪酮基、脂环酮基、芳香酮基。脂环酮基中的环内酮基包括环己酮基、环戊酮基、邻甲基环己酮基、对甲基环己酮基、2-甲基环戊酮基,2-乙基环戊酮基,3-乙基环戊酮基;脂肪酮基、芳香酮基和其它脂环酮基可以表示为下式:
上述Ra和Rb各自独立代表C1~C6烷基,C6~C9直链或支链的芳香基,C5~C9直链或支链的环烷基;
本发明的另一目的在于是提供一种曼尼希碱缓蚀剂的制备方法,是以酮(可以是脂肪酮、脂环酮、芳香酮)、甲醛(或可以解离出甲醛的化合物)以及含有三个以上伯胺基和(或)仲胺基的有机多胺为原料,经曼尼希反应制得。该工艺制备工艺简单,反应条件温和,原料易得,能耗小。
本发明提供的技术方案之一是提供一种曼尼希碱缓蚀剂,是以1摩尔有机多胺与3~7摩尔酮、3~7摩尔醛通过曼尼希反应制备而成。
所述的有机多胺为含有三个以上伯胺基和/或仲胺基的有机化合物,是二乙烯三胺、三乙烯四胺、四乙烯五胺、五乙烯六胺、六乙烯七胺中的一种或任意两种以上组分组合而成。
所述的酮是脂肪酮、脂环酮、芳香酮中的一种或任意两种以上组分组合而成。 脂环酮,其环内酮包括环己酮,环戊酮,环庚酮,邻甲基环己酮,对甲基环己酮,2-甲基环戊酮,2-乙基环戊酮,3-乙基环戊酮;脂肪酮、芳香酮和其它脂环酮可以表示为下式:
其中Ra和Rb各自独立代表C1~C6烷基,C6~C9直链或支链的芳香基,C5~C9直链或支链的环烷基。
所述的醛是甲醛或者是可以解离出甲醛的化合物聚甲醛,优选为甲醛。
本发明提供的技术方案之二是提供一种曼尼希碱缓蚀剂的制备方法。其制备方法为:通过加入过量的酮、醛,使有机多胺上的至少三个伯胺基和/或仲胺基分别与所述的酮、醛进行曼尼希反应形成多支化的曼尼希碱缓蚀剂。具体制备步骤是:(1)将所述的3~7摩尔酮、3~7摩尔醛加入反应釜,用酸调节pH值至2~6,控制温度为20~50℃,搅拌20~30分钟;(2)搅拌条件下,将所述的1摩尔有机多胺加入反应釜中,或者将调节好pH值的酮、醛及有机溶剂加入有机多胺中,控制温度60~90℃,反应时间为1~3小时,反应完毕后,在氮气保护下将体系加热至110℃,去除反应水。
更为优选的制备方法为:(1)将所述的3~7摩尔酮、3~7摩尔醛加入反应釜,用酸调节pH值至2~4,控制温度为30~40℃,搅拌20~30分钟;(2)搅拌条件下,将所述的1摩尔有机多胺及有机溶剂加入反应釜中,控制温度70~85℃,反应时间为1.5~2.5小时,反应完毕后,在氮气保护下将体系加热至110℃,去除反应水。
其反应过程中加入的有机溶剂是甲醇,乙醇,石油醚中的一种有机溶剂,优选溶剂为乙醇;调节pH值过程所用的酸为盐酸、甲酸、乙酸中的一种,优选为盐酸。
以上制备方法中原料的加入方式是向酮、醛中加入有机多胺,或是向有机多胺中加入酮、醛,但优选方式为向酮、醛中加入有机多胺。
本发明采用以上技术方案,与现有技术相比,具有以下优点:
反应原料的胺组分采用含有三个以上伯胺基和/或仲胺基的有机多胺,通过将有机多胺与过量的酮、醛反应,使有机多胺上的至少三个伯胺基和(或)仲胺基分别与酮、醛进行曼尼希反应,充分利用有机多胺进行多个胺基上的官能团接枝,得到多支化空间体型的曼尼希碱缓蚀剂,增加了所得产物的吸附中心,能够与金属表面形成多点吸附,从而形成的吸附膜相对线形结构的曼尼希缓蚀剂更加牢固,吸附力更强。同时,空间体形曼尼希碱缓蚀剂分子链长度大于现有技术中的线形曼尼希碱, 当金属壁面已被侵蚀或金属壁面不光洁时,空间体形曼尼希碱表现为桥接或多分子缠绕桥接,能表现出良好的缓蚀效果。因此,综上所述,空间体形的曼尼希碱或称手性曼尼希碱缓蚀剂较现有技术中线形的曼尼希碱吸附力强、膜强度高、膜致密性高,缓蚀率至少提高2%以上,缓蚀剂评级至少提高一个级别以上。克服了现有技术中缓蚀剂吸附中心少,吸附基团单一,与金属表面吸附力不强的缺点。
附图说明
图1线形结构曼尼希型缓蚀剂在金属表面的吸附图。
具体实施方式
曼尼希碱缓蚀剂制备及腐蚀评定的实施例:
对比实施例1:
制备条件:pH值=2、反应温度=80℃、反应时间=1.5h,即实施例1的反应工艺条件。
反应原料摩尔比:二乙烯三胺∶环己酮∶甲醛=1∶2∶2
腐蚀评定结果:腐蚀速率=6.21g/m2.h,缓蚀率=94.83%,缓蚀剂评级:三级
应原料摩尔比:二乙烯三胺∶环己酮∶甲醛=1∶1∶1
腐蚀评定结果:腐蚀速率=14.13g/m2.h,缓蚀率=88.23%,缓蚀剂评级:——
结论:当反应原料摩尔比为实施例1的投料比,即二乙烯三胺∶环己酮∶甲醛=1∶3∶3时,其缓蚀率较二乙烯三胺∶环己酮∶甲醛摩尔比为1∶2∶2合成的缓蚀剂提高2%,缓蚀剂评级提高二个级别;较二乙烯三胺∶环己酮∶甲醛摩尔比为1∶1∶1合成的缓蚀剂提高8.6%,缓蚀剂评级提高至少三个级别。
对比实施例2:
制备条件:pH值=2、反应温度=85℃、反应时间=2h,即实施例2的反应工艺条件。
反应原料摩尔比:五乙烯六胺∶苯乙酮∶甲醛=1∶2∶2
腐蚀评定结果:腐蚀速率=32.36g/m2.h,缓蚀率=73.06%,缓蚀剂评级:——
反应原料摩尔比:五乙烯六胺∶苯乙酮∶甲醛=1∶1∶1
腐蚀评定结果:腐蚀速率=57.10/m2.h,缓蚀率=52.46%,缓蚀剂评级:——
结论:当反应原料摩尔比为实施例2的投料比,即五乙烯六胺∶苯乙酮∶甲醛=1∶6∶6,其缓蚀率较五乙烯六胺∶苯乙酮∶甲醛摩尔比为1∶2∶2合成的缓蚀剂提高22.87%,缓蚀剂评级提高至少二个级别;较五乙烯六胺∶苯乙酮∶甲醛摩尔比为1∶1∶1合成的缓蚀剂提高43.47%,缓蚀剂评级提高二个级别。
对比实施例3:
制备条件:pH值=3、反应温度=80℃、反应时间=2h,即实施例3的反应工艺 条件。
反应原料摩尔比:四乙烯五胺∶环己酮∶甲醛=1∶2∶2
腐蚀评定结果:腐蚀速率=8.68g/m2.h,缓蚀率=92.77%,缓蚀剂评级:三级
反应原料摩尔比:四乙烯五胺∶环己酮∶甲醛=1∶1∶1
腐蚀评定结果:腐蚀速率=21.01/m2.h,缓蚀率=82.51%,缓蚀剂评级:——
结论:当反应原料摩尔比为实施例3的投料比,即四乙烯五胺∶环己酮∶甲醛∶三聚甲醛(当量甲醛)=1∶5∶2∶3,其缓蚀率较四乙烯五胺∶环己酮∶甲醛摩尔比为1∶2∶2合成的缓蚀剂提高3.43%,缓蚀剂评级提高一个级别;较四乙烯五胺∶环己酮∶甲醛摩尔比为1∶1∶1合成的缓蚀剂提高13.69%,缓蚀剂评级提高二个级别。
对比实施例4:
制备条件:pH值=5、反应温度=75℃、反应时间=2h,即实施例4的反应工艺条件。
反应原料摩尔比:三乙烯四胺∶苯乙酮∶甲醛=1∶4∶4
腐蚀评定结果:腐蚀速率=1.98g/m2.h,缓蚀率=98.35%,缓蚀剂评级:一级
反应原料摩尔比:三乙烯四胺∶苯乙酮∶甲醛=1∶2∶2
腐蚀评定结果:腐蚀速率1.44g/m2.h,缓蚀率=95.48%,缓蚀剂评级:三级
反应原料摩尔比:三乙烯四胺∶苯乙酮∶甲醛=1∶1∶1
腐蚀评定结果:腐蚀速率=9.92g/m2.h,缓蚀率=91.74%,缓蚀剂评级:三级
结论:当反应原料摩尔比为实施例4的投料比,即三乙烯四胺∶苯乙酮∶甲醛=1∶4∶4,其缓蚀率较三乙烯四胺∶苯乙酮∶甲醛摩尔比为1∶2∶2合成的缓蚀剂提高2.87%,缓蚀剂评级提高二个级别;较三乙烯四胺∶苯乙酮∶甲醛摩尔比为1∶1∶1合成的缓蚀剂提高6.61%,缓蚀剂评级提高二个级别。
注:腐蚀评定方法为中华人民共和国石油天然气行业标准SY/T 5405-1996《酸化用缓蚀剂性能试验方法及评价指标》,采用常压静态失重法,腐蚀体系为90℃,15%HCl,腐蚀时间4h,曼尼希碱缓蚀剂加量为酸液的1%(重量百分比),腐蚀挂片为N80钢片。腐蚀速率计算公式为:
V=(腐蚀前试片重量-腐蚀后试片重量)/(试片表面积×腐蚀时间)
以上技术特征构成了本发明的实施例,其具有较强的适应性和较佳的实施效果,可根据实际需要增减非必要的技术特征,来满足不同情况的需求。
Claims (7)
1.一种多支化的曼尼希碱缓蚀剂,其特征在于:如下结构式所示:
其中:Nl,Nx,Ny,Nm,Nn为碳氮骨架上的氮原子,x,y,m,n为其顺序编号,2≤x≤m≤y≤n-1,且3≤n≤7;
Rl,Rm,Rn为原料酮中与羰基相连的碳原子上的活泼氢被取代后的取代基,可以分别是脂肪酮基、脂环酮基、芳香酮基。脂环酮基中的环内酮基包括环己酮基、环戊酮基、邻甲基环己酮基、对甲基环己酮基、2-甲基环戊酮基,2-乙基环戊酮基,3-乙基环戊酮基;脂肪酮基、芳香酮基和其它脂环酮基可以表示为下式:
R’为原料酮中与羰基相连的碳原子上的活泼氢被取代后的取代基,可以分别是脂肪酮基、脂环酮基、芳香酮基。脂环酮基中的环内酮基包括环己酮基、环戊酮基、邻甲基环己酮基、对甲基环己酮基、2-甲基环戊酮基,2-乙基环戊酮基,3-乙基环戊酮基;脂肪酮基、芳香酮基和其它脂环酮基可以表示为下式:
上述Ra和Rb各自独立代表C1~C6烷基,C6~C9直链或支链的芳香基,C5~C9直链或支链的环烷基。
2.一种权利要求1所述的多支化的曼尼希碱缓蚀剂的制备方法,其特征在于:
(1)将3~7摩尔酮、3~7摩尔醛加入反应釜,用酸调节pH值至2~6,控制温度为20~50℃,搅拌20~30分钟;
(2)搅拌条件下,将1摩尔有机多胺加入反应釜中,或者将调节好pH值的酮、醛及有机溶剂加入有机多胺中,控制温度60~90℃,反应时间为1~3小时,反应完毕后,在氮气保护下将体系加热至110℃,去除反应水;
所述的有机多胺为含有三个以上伯胺基和/或仲胺基的有机化合物;
所述的酮是脂肪酮、脂环酮、芳香酮中的一种或两种以上组分的组合。
3.根据权利要求2所述的多支化的曼尼希碱缓蚀剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的有机多胺为二乙烯三胺、三乙烯四胺、四乙烯五胺、五乙烯六胺、六乙烯七胺中的一种或两种以上组分组合而成。
4.根据权利要求2所述的多支化的曼尼希碱缓蚀剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的脂环酮,其环内酮为环己酮,环戊酮,环庚酮,邻甲基环己酮,对甲基环己酮,2-甲基环戊酮,2-乙基环戊酮或3-乙基环戊酮。
5.根据权利要求2所述的多支化的曼尼希碱缓蚀剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的脂肪酮、芳香酮或脂环酮为下式:
其中Ra和Rb各自独立代表C1~C6烷基,C6~C9直链或支链的芳香基,C5~C9直链或支链的环烷基。
6.根据权利要求2所述的多支化的曼尼希碱缓蚀剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的醛是甲醛或者是可以解离出甲醛的化合物聚甲醛。
7.根据权利要求2所述的多支化的曼尼希碱缓蚀剂的制备方法,其特征在于:反应过程中加入的有机溶剂是甲醇,乙醇,石油醚中的一种;调节pH值过程所用的酸为盐酸、甲酸、乙酸中的一种。
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