CN102887756A

CN102887756A - Method for preparing organic fertilizer

Info

Publication number: CN102887756A
Application number: CN2012104405510A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曲田桂
Original assignee: Qingdao Jiahefeng Fertiliser Industry Co Ltd
Current assignee: Qingdao Jiahefeng Fertiliser Industry Co Ltd
Priority date: 2012-11-07
Filing date: 2012-11-07
Publication date: 2013-01-23

Abstract

The invention provides a method for preparing an organic fertilizer. The method comprises the following steps: human excreta or poultry excrement, leaf or straw powder, corn meal and strains preparing, stirring, pile fermenting and airing, wherein 1.8 tons of human excreta or poultry excrement, 0.3 ton of straw powder or leaf powder, 2.5kg of corn meal and 1kg of strain quick fermenting agent are needed as the raw materials (with ton as the standard unit); firstly the moisture of the mixed raw materials is controlled to be about 40-50%, the stirred ingredients are piled into strips with width being 1.5-2m and heights being 0.3-0.4m and the strips are covered by straw mats or sack pieces to carry out aerobic fermentation and piling; and the compost temperature rises to 50 DEG C within 24 hours and can rise to 60-70 DEG C within 48 hours, and all the pathogenic bacteria, eggs and grass seeds can be killed at such a high temperature in the fermentation period. The organic fertilizer has simple process, is convenient to prepare, controls diseases and pests, improves the soil environment and pH value and is beneficial to crop growth.

Description

The manufacture method of fertilizer

Technical field:

The present invention relates to the Production of manure technical field, particularly a kind of manufacture method of fertilizer.

Background technology:

Fertilizer, mainly contain nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element, for earth replenishes the nutrition of running off, thereby increase the output of crop, still, frequent and single use along with chemical fertilizer application, bring disadvantageous effect to edatope, soil is under the condition that lacks sufficient organic matter, and soil aggregate is difficult to form, adhesive power between the soil particle weakens, and has lowered the water retention capacity of soil now.When earth can't keep the moisture of abundance, even the chemical fertilizer quality is high, also is not easy to chemical fertilizer and under favourable condition, discharges nutrient.Fertilizer has appearred in the problem that causes for solving the single chemical fertilizer of life-time service on the market, not only contain the essential macroelement of plant, trace element in the fertilizer, also contains abundant organic nutrient, and fertilizer is the most comprehensive fertilizer.The effect of fertilizer in agriculture production is mainly manifested in the following aspects: after 1, improvement soil, culture fertility organic fertilizer are manured into soil, organic mass-energy is improved soil physical chemistry situation and biological nature effectively, vegetable soil, strengthen fertilizer supply and preservation ability and the surge capability of soil, for good edaphic condition is created in the growth of crop.2, increase output, raising quality organic fertilizer contain abundant organism and various nutritive element, for farm crop provide nutrition.Behind the fertilizer decomposition, for soil microbial activity provides energy and nutriment, promote microbial activities, accelerate organic matter decomposition, the active substance of generation etc. can promote the growth of crop and improve the quality of agricultural-food.3, it is many but relative content is low that the utilization ratio fertilizer that improves fertilizer contains nutrient, discharge slowly, and chemical fertilizer unit nutrient content is high, and composition is few, discharges soon.Both use by reasonable coordination, mutually replenish, and the organic acid that organic matter decomposition produces can also promote the dissolving of mineral nutrient in soil and the chemical fertilizer.Fertilizer and chemical fertilizer are mutually promoted, and are conducive to Crop, improve the utilization ratio of fertilizer.Though fertilizer has above-mentioned advantage, still, present fertilizer, prescription and manufacture craft on the market is too complicated, and the kind and the method that add bacterial classification cause high cost, have increased peasant's burden.

In view of above-mentioned technological deficiency, simple, easy to make in the urgent need to a kind of technique occurring, suppress disease and pest, improve edatope and potential of hydrogen, be conducive to the manufacture method of a kind of fertilizer of plant growth.

Summary of the invention:

The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming that exists in the prior art, provide a kind of technique simple, easy to make, suppress disease and pest, improve edatope and potential of hydrogen, be conducive to the manufacture method of a kind of fertilizer of plant growth.

To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of manufacture method of fertilizer, wherein, comprise the steps:

Human excrement, feces of livestock and poultry+leaf or straw powder+Semen Maydis powder+bacterial classification → stirring → stack retting → dry;

Raw material (to prepare one ton as standard unit): need human excrement or 1.8 tons of feces of livestock and poultry, straw powder or 0.3 ton of leaf powder, 2.5 kilograms of Semen Maydis powders, 1 kilogram of bacterial classification quick fermentation microbial inoculum;

First the raw material moisture that mixes is controlled at about 40%-50%, then mixes bacterial classification with the aqua regin face, be sprinkling upon the fertilizer top layer that mixes, manually equably the raw material stirrer of packing into is carried out crushing, stirring; Fertilizer stirs its water content of GPRS when pulverizing, and water content is no more than 40%-45%; Moisture is excessive or too smallly all can affect fermented quality, with hand with fertilizer degree of pinching group, hand seam water breakthrough but do not drip to loose one's grip to land to fall and dare to be advisable; Stir and want evenly, want thoroughly, want the fluffy living piece that do not stay; The batching that stirs piles wide 1.5-2 meters, and high 0.3-0.4 meter is rectangular, and upper cover straw screen or mat or hessian cloth carry out aerobic fermentation composting; Banking up, temperature rises to 50 ° of C in 24 hours, and temperature can rise to 60-70 ° of C in 48 hours, and during fermentation high like this temperature can be killed all pathogeny bacterium and worm's ovum, grass-seed

The proportioning of the fertilizer that makes is

Human excrement or feces of livestock and poultry 1.8-2 ton,

Straw powder or leaf powder 0.3-0.5 ton,

Semen Maydis powder 2.5-4 kilogram,

Fermenting agent 1-1.2 kilogram.

Perhaps, comprise following composition:

Human excrement or feces of livestock and poultry 1.8-1.9 ton,

Straw powder or leaf powder 0.3-0.4 ton,

Semen Maydis powder 2.5-3.5 kilogram,

Fermenting agent 1-1.1 kilogram.

Perhaps, comprise following composition:

Human excrement or feces of livestock and poultry 1.9-2 ton,

Straw powder or leaf powder 0.4-0.5 ton,

Semen Maydis powder 3-4 kilogram,

Fermenting agent 1.1-1.2 kilogram.

The invention has the advantages that technique of the present invention is simple, and is easy to make, suppress disease and pest, improve edatope and potential of hydrogen, increase fertilizer nitrogen content, be conducive to crop growing state.

Embodiment:

Example 1

1.8 tons of human excrement or feces of livestock and poultry,

0.3 ton of straw powder or leaf powder,

2.5 kilograms of Semen Maydis powders,

1 kilogram of fermenting agent.

Perhaps,

1.9 tons of human excrement or feces of livestock and poultry,

0.4 ton of straw powder or leaf powder,

3.5 kilograms of Semen Maydis powders,

1.1 kilograms of fermenting agents.

Perhaps,

2 tons of human excrement or feces of livestock and poultry,

0.5 ton of straw powder or leaf powder,

4 kilograms of Semen Maydis powders,

1.2 kilograms of fermenting agents.

Concrete preparation method:

1, with poaches such as duck excrement, grass, flower, leaves, choose the non-toxic plastic bag of packing into behind the impurity removing and add together water by fermentation or pile up and cover tightly fermentation with plastics, when reaching 45 ℃, leavening temperature can ted cooling.The constant fermenting process that namely solves of homo(io)thermism.Fermentation can be used

2, raw material (to produce 1 ton of fertilizer as example): need human excrement or 1.8 tons of feces of livestock and poultry, straw powder or 0.3 ton of leaf powder, 2.5 kilograms of Semen Maydis powders, 1 kilogram of bacterial classification quick fermentation microbial inoculum.Human excrement, feces of livestock and poultry+leaf or straw powder+Semen Maydis powder+bacterial classification → stirring → stack retting → dry.

2.1 first the raw material moisture that mixes is controlled at about 40%-50%, then mix bacterial classification with the aqua regin face, be sprinkling upon the fertilizer top layer that mixes, manually equably the raw material stirrer of packing into is carried out crushing, stirring.Fertilizer stirs its water content of GPRS when pulverizing, and general water content is no more than 40%-45%.Moisture is excessive or too smallly all can affect fermented quality, with hand with fertilizer degree of pinching group, hand seam water breakthrough but do not drip to loose one's grip to land to fall and dare to be advisable.Stir and want evenly, want thoroughly, want the fluffy living piece that do not stay.2.2 the batching that stirs piles wide 1.5-2 meters, high 0.3-0.4 meter is rectangular, and upper cover straw screen or mat or hessian cloth carry out aerobic fermentation composting.Generally banking up, temperature rises to 50 ° of C in 24 hours, and temperature can rise to 60-70 ° of C in 48 hours, and during fermentation high like this temperature can be killed all pathogeny bacterium and worm's ovum, grass-seeds etc.According to the composting test, spring and summer stack retting in autumn composting generally needs 6 days, and generally need 7 days winter, treats that fertilizer covers with up and down white hypha, namely all becomes thoroughly decomposed, and airing is sieved and got final product a little.

Contain the harmful germ of a large amount of microorganisms in 3 chicken manures, definitely can not directly use, must carry out degree of depth thermophilic fermentation.The purpose of certain fermentation mainly is two, the one, and the kill harmful germ, the one, the material that does not fully digest is carried out organic materialization, increase actual organic content.

3.1 fermentation mainly is to carry out in fermentation vat, is about to chicken manure and is deposited in the fermentation vat, adds an amount of fermented bacterium in the time of best, still carries out film with agricultural mulching afterwards and covers, the time of fermentation is 10-20 days usually.

3.2 the process degree of depth is sent out the chicken manure behind this ferment, dries, and pulverizes.Chicken manure after the pulverizing can directly be used, but also just is referred to as traditional farm manure, still can not be referred to as Commodity Organic Fertilizer.

Claims

1. the manufacture method of a fertilizer is characterized in that, comprises the steps:

First the raw material moisture that mixes is controlled at about 40%-50%, then mixes bacterial classification with the aqua regin face, be sprinkling upon the fertilizer top layer that mixes, manually equably the raw material stirrer of packing into is carried out crushing, stirring; Fertilizer stirs its water content of GPRS when pulverizing, and water content is no more than 40%-45%; Moisture is excessive or too smallly all can affect fermented quality, with hand with fertilizer degree of pinching group, hand seam water breakthrough but do not drip to loose one's grip to land to fall and dare to be advisable; Stir and want evenly, want thoroughly, want the fluffy living piece that do not stay; The batching that stirs piles wide 1.5-2 meters, and high 0.3-0.4 meter is rectangular, and upper cover straw screen or mat or hessian cloth carry out aerobic fermentation composting; Banking up, temperature rises to 50 ° of C in 24 hours, and temperature can rise to 60-70 ° of C in 48 hours, and during fermentation high like this temperature can be killed all pathogeny bacterium and worm's ovum, grass-seed.