CN102391048B - Prefabricated plate type seedbed soil and preparation method for raising paddy rice seedlings - Google Patents
Prefabricated plate type seedbed soil and preparation method for raising paddy rice seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN102391048B CN102391048B CN 201110232888 CN201110232888A CN102391048B CN 102391048 B CN102391048 B CN 102391048B CN 201110232888 CN201110232888 CN 201110232888 CN 201110232888 A CN201110232888 A CN 201110232888A CN 102391048 B CN102391048 B CN 102391048B
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Abstract
The invention provides prefabricated plate type seedbed soil and a preparation method for raising paddy rice seedlings. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: smashing rice hull, blighted grains and straw, mixing according to a certain proportion, adding an EM (Effective Microorganism) microbial agent and water for stockpiling and storing, fully composting, and fermenting to obtain a fermentation mixture; uniformly mixing and stirring the fermentation mixture, perlite, grass carbon, humic acid, a hydrophilizing agent and a multifunctional paddy rice seedling raising conditioner according to the certain proportion, spraying clear water till raw materials are not loosened when extruded into sheets, and stirring uniformly; and extruding into sheets, splicing and drying to obtain the prefabricated plate type seedbed soil. According to the invention, the aims of saving the soil resource, efficiently utilizing resources and maintaining and repairing the weak ecological environment can be fulfilled, high yield, stable yield and sustainable development of paddy rice in cold paddy rice regions, saline and alkaline paddy rice regions and the like are facilitated, and the social benefit, economic benefit and ecological benefit are enhanced.
Description
Technical field
The invention provides a kind of seedling cultivation of rice Prefabricated slab type bed soil, also disclose the preparation method of this plate bed soil simultaneously, belong to the arviculture technical field.
Background technology
The native technology of preparing of tradition bed relates generally to following two aspects: the one, fetch earth, the tradition bed soil amount of fetching earth is large, bed soil is Tu Yuan mainly with garden loam, field of vegetables is native, dry land is native etc., but because efficient agriculture is Farmland was overused without proper attention to the maintenance of its fertility for a long time in recent years, cause the soil plough horizon attenuation, soil degree and soil fertility descend year after year, the more and more difficult demand that meets the seedling bed earth quality and quantity, wherein, especially with cold, the seedling bed earth shortage of saline and alkaline rice district is even more serious.The 2nd, bed soil preparation, the operation very complicated, be difficult for grasping, and relates to a plurality of processes such as farm manure becomes thoroughly decomposed, fetches earth, preparation, acidifying, and preparation standard is high, difficulty is large, require great effort, take a lot of work, and all processes independently completes by peasant household, and the bed soil property amount of preparation is uneven.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of seedling cultivation of rice Prefabricated slab type bed soil, its purpose is to solve the especially northeast rice workspace bed soil shortage problem that lacks seedling bed earth such as cold, saline and alkaline of current seedling cultivation of rice.
The invention also discloses the preparation method of this Prefabricated slab type bed soil, can reach the purpose of saving soil resource, resources effective utilization, maintenance and repairerment fragile ecological environment, promote cold, saline and alkaline Deng Dao district rice high yield, stable yields and Sustainable development, improve social benefit, economic benefit and ecological benefits, it is of far-reaching significance.
seedling cultivation of rice Prefabricated slab type bed soil of the present invention,it is characterized in that by following raw material by volume umber make:
3.5～4.5 parts, the not plump paddy of rice husk, rice of fermentation, the mixture of straw,
2.0 ~ 2.2 parts of perlites,
1.2 ~ 1.5 parts of the peats composed of rotten mosses,
0.9 ~ 1.1 part of humic acids,
0.9 ~ 1.0 part of hydrophilizing agent,
Grow seedlings 0.5 ~ 0.7 part of amendment of multifunctional paddy.
The mixture of the rice husk of described fermentation, the not plump paddy of rice, straw is rice husk: the not plump paddy of rice: straw=(3 ~ 4): (2 ~ 3): (3 ~ 4), they are pulverized is 5～10mm fine powder, every 500kg mixture is stockpiled and stored after adding 0.3%～0.5% the EM microbiobacterial agent of 100～150kg and 140 ~ 160kg water, fully becomes thoroughly decomposed; If naturally become thoroughly decomposed, ferment, need be through the cycle in a summer.
Wherein, the EM microbiobacterial agent is a kind of micro ecological active microbial inoculum, more than the 80 kind of floras such as thread flora that contain photosynthetic bacteria group, lactobacillus, yeast flora, Gram positive actinomycetes group, fermentation system, can effectively decompose the organic substances such as straw, rice husk and discharge nutrient, suppress harmful microbe existence and breeding, promote soil aggregate formation etc.
Described perlite, be that volcano silicate is heated in body of heater that 1000 o'clock rock particless expand and the lightweight coacervate of a kind of sealing of forming, and unit weight is little, can hold the water of 3 ~ 4 times of own wts.As bed soil composition, fertilizer conservation, water conservation, aseptic, good permeability.
The described peat composed of rotten mosses, by the residual body of marsh plant, under the anaerobic condition of many water, can not decompose accumulation fully and form.Contain large quantity of moisture and the plant residue thoroughly do not decomposed, soil ulmin and a part of mineral substance.Organic content is more than 30%.Adopt " peat composed of rotten mosses " to cultivate seedling for matrix structure, can greatly improve the percentage of germination of seed and improve the development quality of seedling.
Described humic acids, be a kind of organic matter raw material, has fertilizer synergistic, improves soil, stimulates plant growth, improves the functions such as agricultural product quality;
Described hydrophilizing agent, suction water or suction the spawn formed after the aqueous solution that contains fertilizer for improving the growth of seedlings etc., and gel and matrix soil are given money as a gift than 0.1% with volume 1:10() mix thoroughly, be sprinkling upon the seedling tray bottom; Its tridimensional network can make water or water solubles controlled release, and the gel absorbed water is not dry not wet, and suitable liquid manure gas heat condition can be provided, and impels table soil pine, and water ratio is also high, easily pull up seedlings, and Gen Maofada, the loose rate that sticks together of lifting is low, and separating thing eventually is nitrogen, potash fertilizer.
The described multifunctional paddy amendment of growing seedlings, trade(brand)name is " lucky new ", and standard card number is Q/G JNGX04-2008, and registration card number is No. 0041, the accurate word of Ji Nongfei (2004).It is the rice seedling-growth soil regulator for plate bed soil matrix matter characteristics preparations, and nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, souring agent, root-growing agent, fertilizer for improving the growth of seedlings etc. can fully meet the nutrient demand of plate bed seedlings and soil.
the preparation method of seedling cultivation of rice Prefabricated slab type bed soil of the present invention is as follows:
By rice husk, the not plump paddy of rice, straw smashing fineness, be 5～10mm fine powder according to the above ratio, every 500kg mixture is stockpiled and stored after adding 0.3%～0.5% the EM microbiobacterial agent of 100～150kg and 140 ~ 160kg water, fully become thoroughly decomposed, ferment, make fermenting mixture; Then the amendment mixing and stirring of according to the above ratio fermenting mixture, perlite, the peat composed of rotten mosses, humic acids, hydrophilizing agent, multifunctional paddy being grown seedlings, spray into clear water and make raw material reach extruding not loose state in flakes, stirs; Extruding in flakes, section, dry and get final product.
Finished product length * wide * thick=56cm * 26.5cm * 0.5cm.
During application, plate bed soil of the present invention is laid in and puts in the upper or soil-loading disk of bed, then water, sowing, earthing, the seeding stage management is identical with common seedling raising manners.
the positively effect that the present invention has with respect to prior art is as follows:
Save soil resource, effective difficult difficult problem that fetches earth that solves, the tradition bed soil amount of fetching earth is that the per hectare rice field needs 1.25～1.5 tons of bed soil, approximately 150 yuan/tons, nutrition agent, acid adjustment, artificial etc., add up to 1500～1750 yuan/hectare of costs in addition, plate bed soil is without soil, the agricultural wastes straw etc. of mainly take is raw material, and the batch production preparation, containing essential compositions such as nutrition agents, with low cost, 1200～1400 yuan/hectare; Replace traditional expanded bed soil with plate bed soil, preparation process batch production, unitized, stdn, mass-producing, the finished product Comprehensive Traits is good, meets the seedling cultivation of rice needs fully, the convenient use, the saving of labor, laborsaving, save time, farmers' income increases; Can efficiently utilize agriculture byproduct, realize 150～200 kilograms/hectare of the agricultural wastes recyclings such as straw, rice husk, the not plump paddy of rice, reduce the wasting of resources, alleviate resource and environment pressure; The simple science of method is easy to operate, is convenient to promote, under equal conditions, than 300～500 yuan/hectare of general planting additional incomes.
Can reach the purpose of saving soil resource, resources effective utilization, maintenance and repairerment fragile ecological environment, promote cold, saline and alkaline Deng Dao district rice high yield, stable yields and Sustainable development, improve social benefit, economic benefit and ecological benefits, it is of far-reaching significance.
Embodiment
By following examples, the present invention is further described for example, and do not limit the present invention in any way, under the prerequisite that does not deviate from technical solution of the present invention, within any change that those of ordinary skills made for the present invention easily realize or change all will fall into claim scope of the present invention.
embodiment 1
By rice husk 3kg, the not plump paddy 3kg of rice, straw 4kg smashing fineness, be 5～10mm fine powder, every 500kg mixture is stockpiled and stored after adding 0.5% the EM microbiobacterial agent of 100kg and 140g water, fully becomes thoroughly decomposed, ferments, and makes fermenting mixture; Then get fermenting mixture 4.5kg, perlite 2.0kg, peat composed of rotten mosses 1.2kg, humic acids 0.9kg, hydrophilizing agent 0.9kg, the multifunctional paddy amendment 0.5kg mixing and stirring of growing seedlings, spraying into clear water makes raw material reach extruding not loose state in flakes, generally, with moisture content 15% left and right, be advisable; After batching, stir; The base starting material be stirred is sent on tabletting machine with conveying belt, and loose raw thickness is controlled at the 15mm left and right, and after extruding in flakes, thickness is about 5mm; Press the section of seedling cultivation of rice seedling dish specification, dry finished product length * wide * thick=56cm * 26.5cm * 0.5cm.
embodiment 2
By rice husk 3.5kg, the not plump paddy 2.5kg of rice, straw 4kg smashing fineness, be 5～10mm fine powder, every 500kg mixture is stockpiled and stored after adding 0.4% the EM microbiobacterial agent of 120kg and 150kg water, fully becomes thoroughly decomposed, ferments, and makes fermenting mixture; Then get 3.5 parts of fermenting mixtures, 2.2 parts of perlites, 1.5 parts of the peats composed of rotten mosses, 1.1 parts of humic acidss, 1.0 parts of hydrophilizing agents, the multifunctional paddy 0.7 part of mixing and stirring of amendment of growing seedlings, the present invention is made in compressing tablet, section, oven dry.
embodiment 3
By rice husk 4kg, the not plump paddy 3kg of rice, straw 34kg smashing fineness, be 5～10mm fine powder, every 500kg mixture is stockpiled and stored after adding 0.3% the EM microbiobacterial agent of 100kg and 160kg water, fully becomes thoroughly decomposed, ferments, and makes fermenting mixture; Then get 4 parts of fermenting mixtures, 2.1 parts of perlites, 1.4 parts of the peats composed of rotten mosses, 1.0 parts of humic acidss, 1.0 parts of hydrophilizing agents, the multifunctional paddy 0.5 part of mixing and stirring of amendment of growing seedlings, the present invention is made in compressing tablet, section, oven dry.
For " lucky new " board, (standard card number is Q/G JNGX04-2008 to the seedling cultivation of rice amendment related in embodiment 1 ~ 3, registration card number is No. 0041, the accurate word of Ji Nongfei (2004)), it is the rice seedling-growth soil regulator for the preparation of plate bed soil matrix matter characteristics, nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, souring agent, root-growing agent, fertilizer for improving the growth of seedlings etc., can fully meet the nutrient demand of plate bed seedlings and soil.
test example
below experiment shows beneficial effect of the present invention:
In ,Qian Guo county, Gongzhuling, the checking the present invention of three Typical Representative districts, Zhenlai County, set respectively control group and invention group, tradition bed soil for contrast (wherein, Gongzhuling adopts garden loam ，Qian Guo county and employing riverbed, Zhenlai County soil), conventional by the soil amount, plate bed soil, for the present invention, repeats 3 times.Measure respectively the indexs such as soil weight, volume, rate of water absorption, water regain, the coefficient of expansion, investigate nursery effect, trial period is 45d.
The experimental result data statistics is shown in the following table example.
bed earth foundation physico-chemical property synopsis
| Index | Control group | Of the present invention group |
| Color | Black | Beige or khaki color |
| Shape | Discrete particle | Sheet |
| Dry ground heavy (kg/ dish) | 2.37 ± 0.14 | 0.82 ± 0.04 ** |
| Soil heavy (kg/ dish) after water saturation | 3.18 ± 0.17 | 2.08 ± 0.06 ** |
| Dry ground volume (m 3/ dish) | 0.00286 ± 0.00001 | 0.00076± 0.00001 ** |
| Volume (m after water saturation 3/ dish) | 0.00245 ± 0.00003 | 0.00266 ± 0.00001 ** |
| Water regain (kg/ dish) | 0.81 ± 0.03 | 1.26 ± 0.06 ** |
| The coefficient of expansion | 0.86 ± 0.01 | 3.53 ± 0.01 ** |
| Pure N content (g/ dish) | 1.2 | 1.2 |
| Pure P content (g/ dish) | 1.2 | 1.2 |
| Pure K content (g/ dish) | 1.2 | 1.2 |
Annotate: the colleague without the expression of shoulder motes and contrast difference remarkable (
p0.05); Colleague shoulder motes * mean with contrast difference significantly (
p<0.05); Colleague shoulder motes * * mean with contrast difference extremely significantly (
p<0.01).
bed seedlings and soil effect comparison table
| Index | Control group | Of the present invention group |
| Leaf age | 2.76 ± 0.25 | 2.87 ± 0.30 |
| Plant height (cm) | 14.01 ± 1.62 | 14.78 ± 1.31 |
| The leaf that falls is grown (cm) | 6.67 ± 2.83 | 8.39 ± 1.51 |
| Two leaves that fall are grown (cm) | 7.92 ± 0.96 | 8.11 ± 1.31 |
| Three leaves that fall are grown (cm) | 5.06 ± 0.70 | 5.34 ± 1.07 |
| Radical (bar) | 12.50 ± 0.71 | 13.80 ± 1.55 * |
| Root long (cm) | 4.32 ± 0.22 | 6.33 ± 1.0 ** |
| Stem foot wide (cm) | 0.23 ± 0.04 | 0.29 ± 0.03 ** |
| Hundred strain dry weights (g/100 strain) | 3.00 ± 0.03 | 3.50 ± 0.06 ** |
Annotate: the colleague without the expression of shoulder motes and contrast difference remarkable (
p0.05); Colleague shoulder motes * mean with contrast difference significantly (
p<0.05); Colleague shoulder motes * * mean with contrast difference extremely significantly (
p<0.01).
Annotate: the colleague without the expression of shoulder motes and contrast difference remarkable (
p0.05); Colleague shoulder motes * mean with contrast difference significantly (
p<0.05); Colleague shoulder motes * * mean with contrast difference extremely significantly (
p<0.01).
Experimental result shows: plate bed soil of the present invention is beige or khaki color, sheet, and thickness 5mm left and right, non-friable, nutritious; Light specific gravity, unit weight is little, and water regain is large, and water-retentivity is strong, after water-swelling, between matrix granule, can produce space, and permeability is good, the heat absorption insulation, cold-resistant alkali resistant, Comprehensive Traits is good.Use plate bed seedlings and soil of the present invention, only plate bed soil need be laid in and put in the upper or soil-loading disk of bed, then water, sowing, earthing, the seeding stage management is identical with common seedling raising manners, and the rice shoot plant height, the leaf age that are bred as are unaffected, radical is many and long, and the wide and hundred strain dry weights of stem foot increase, the rice shoot stalwartness, can meet or exceed the required strong seedling standard of producing fully.
Claims (2)
1. a seedling cultivation of rice Prefabricated slab type bed soil, it is characterized in that by following raw material by volume umber make:
3.5～4.5 parts, the not plump paddy of rice husk, rice of fermentation, the mixture of straw, 2.0 ~ 2.2 parts of perlites, 1.2 ~ 1.5 parts of the peats composed of rotten mosses,
0.9 ~ 1.1 part of humic acids, 0.9 ~ 1.0 part of hydrophilizing agent, grow seedlings 0.5 ~ 0.7 part of amendment of multifunctional paddy;
Wherein, the mixture of the rice husk of described fermentation, the not plump paddy of rice, straw is rice husk: the not plump paddy of rice: straw=(3 ~ 4): (2 ~ 3): (3 ~ 4), they are pulverized is 5～10mm fine powder, every 500kg mixture is stockpiled and stored after adding 0.3%～0.5% the EM microbiobacterial agent of 100～150kg and 140 ~ 160kg water, fully becomes thoroughly decomposed;
Described hydrophilizing agent, suction water or suction the spawn formed after the aqueous solution that contains fertilizer for improving the growth of seedlings, and gel and the soil of seedling cultivation of rice Prefabricated slab type bed except hydrophilizing agent raw material are mixed thoroughly with volume 1:9, is sprinkling upon the seedling tray bottom;
Multifunctional paddy is grown seedlings amendment for " lucky new " board, and standard card number is Q/G JNGX04-2008, and registration card number is No. 0041, the accurate word of Ji Nongfei (2004).
2. the preparation method of the described seedling cultivation of rice Prefabricated slab type of claim 1 bed soil comprises the following steps:
In rice husk: the not plump paddy of rice: straw=(3 ~ 4): (2 ~ 3): it is 5～10mm fine powder that (3 ~ 4) ratio is pulverized rice husk, the not plump paddy of rice, straw, every 500kg mixture is stockpiled and stored after adding 0.3%～0.5% the EM microbiobacterial agent of 100～150kg and 140 ~ 160kg water, fully become thoroughly decomposed, ferment, make fermenting mixture; Then the amendment mixing and stirring of according to the above ratio fermenting mixture, perlite, the peat composed of rotten mosses, humic acids, hydrophilizing agent, multifunctional paddy being grown seedlings, spray into clear water and make raw material reach extruding not loose state in flakes, stirs; Extruding in flakes, section, dry and get final product.
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| CN 201110232888 CN102391048B (en) | 2011-08-13 | 2011-08-13 | Prefabricated plate type seedbed soil and preparation method for raising paddy rice seedlings |
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| CN 201110232888 CN102391048B (en) | 2011-08-13 | 2011-08-13 | Prefabricated plate type seedbed soil and preparation method for raising paddy rice seedlings |
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| CN102391048B true CN102391048B (en) | 2013-12-25 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104230572B (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2017-06-16 | 刘�英 | A kind of board-like soilless breeding seeding matrix of industrialized production and preparation method thereof |
| CN104860760A (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-08-26 | 句容市茅山盛开园林有限公司 | Cercis seedling substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN105218196B (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2018-09-04 | 柳州市农业技术推广中心 | A kind of shrivelled kernel machine transplanting of rice seedling raising ground substance and preparation method thereof |
| CN105272482A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-01-27 | 江西农业大学 | Mechanically-transplanted rice seedling raising matrix prepared by taking composted straws as raw materials and preparation method of mechanically-transplanted rice seedling raising matrix |
| CN107556075A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2018-01-09 | 江苏金麦穗生态农业科技有限公司 | The preparation of rice seedlings nursery plant ash charcoal Nutrition Soil and its application process |
| CN107616067A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-01-23 | 安仁县鑫亮粮油发展有限公司 | A kind of rice is without plate seedling raising method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1249131A (en) * | 1998-09-25 | 2000-04-05 | 中国科学院长春地理研究所 | Soil-block for cultivating rice seedlings and preparing process thereof |
| CN1489893A (en) * | 2002-10-17 | 2004-04-21 | 免 肖 | Rice planting method for producing ecological rice |
| CN101695271A (en) * | 2009-09-14 | 2010-04-21 | 张然 | Expanded perlite plant cultivation media |
| CN101828490B (en) * | 2010-05-19 | 2011-09-21 | 李旭东 | Environmentally-friendly plate for raising rice seedlings and rice seedling production method |
| CN102010259A (en) * | 2010-09-17 | 2011-04-13 | 前郭县百禾农业开发有限公司 | Straw matrix and production method thereof |
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