CN102883985B - 具有由编织纤维限定的至少一个牵引表面的电梯悬挂和/或驱动组件 - Google Patents

具有由编织纤维限定的至少一个牵引表面的电梯悬挂和/或驱动组件 Download PDF

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CN102883985B
CN102883985B CN201080066737.3A CN201080066737A CN102883985B CN 102883985 B CN102883985 B CN 102883985B CN 201080066737 A CN201080066737 A CN 201080066737A CN 102883985 B CN102883985 B CN 102883985B
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braided fiber
strain component
load bearing
component
traction surface
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CN102883985A (zh
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J.P.韦森
G.R.克里什南
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Otis Elevator Co
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Abstract

牵引电梯系统的示范性细长电梯承载部件包括多个拉紧元件。横向于拉紧元件的多个编织纤维与拉紧元件相编织。编织纤维限定承载部件的至少一个牵引表面。

Description

具有由编织纤维限定的至少一个牵引表面的电梯悬挂和/或驱动组件
背景技术
存在诸如圆挂绳或平带的细长负载携带部件的各种用途。一种这样的用途为在电梯系统中悬挂负载并且已知的负载携带部件用于在电梯系统中驱动/推进。圆钢挂绳已经为工业标准许多年了。最近，包括大致保持在护套中的多个拉紧部件绳索的平带已经在电梯系统中使用。尽管存在与在电梯系统中的这种带相关的优点，但是还存在提出的挑战。
例如，由某些电梯带提出的一个挑战为实现在带和牵引槽轮之间的期望量的牵引，其导致带运动和因此导致电梯轿厢运动。不同方法被建议以在电梯带的表面上实现特定牵引特征。一个方法示出于公开的国际申请WO2005/094255中。在那个文件中，护套包括粗糙表面以提供期望的摩擦特征。
发明内容
示范性细长电梯承载部件包括多个拉紧元件。横向于拉紧元件的多个编织纤维与拉紧元件相编织。编织纤维限定承载部件的至少一个牵引表面。
制造细长承载部件的示范性方法包括提供多个拉紧元件。多个编织纤维与拉紧元件编织在一起以由此建立编织件。牵引表面建立在承载部件的至少一侧上。牵引表面由编织纤维限定。
公开的实例的各种特征和优点将从以下详细描述对本领域技术人员变得显而易见。附于详细描述的附图可简洁地描述如下。
附图说明
图1示意地示出实例电梯系统的选定部分。
图2概略地示出实例承载部件，其具有由与拉紧元件编织在一起的编织纤维限定的牵引表面。
图3示意地示出限定相应构造的牵引表面的一个实例编织样式。
图4示意地示出限定相应构造的牵引表面的另一实例编织样式。
图5示意地示出建立相应构造的牵引表面的另一实例编织样式。
图6为另一实例承载部件的截面视图。
具体实施方式
图1示意地示出实例牵引电梯系统20的选定部分。示出的实例仅仅为了讨论目的。未示出或讨论对于本发明的理解而言不需要的电梯系统20的特征(例如导轨、安全设备等)。本领域技术人员将理解，本发明可用于各种电梯系统构造并且不仅仅为在该图中示出的特定实例。该实例包括电梯轿厢22，其由一个或多个细长电梯承载部件30以1：1绕绳布置而与配重24联接。诸如2：1或更大的其它绕绳布置为可能的。电梯轿厢22和配重24的重量由细长电梯承载部件30悬挂。牵引槽轮31A导致细长电梯承载部件30的期望的运动，以在提升间内实现电梯轿厢22的期望的运动以及放置。电梯系统20可包括：如图1所示的一个或多个偏导滑轮31B，其也接合细长电梯承载部件30；或在轿厢22和/或配重24上的一个或多个惰轮或换向滑轮(例如用于提供上悬吊式或下悬吊式的绕绳布置)，其也接合细长电梯承载部件30。
图2示出实例细长电梯承载部件30。该实例包括多个拉紧元件32。如可从附图理解，拉紧元件32彼此大体平行地布置并且在建立细长电梯承载部件30的长度尺寸的纵向方向上延伸。多个编织纤维34与拉紧元件32编织在一起。在该实例中，编织纤维34和拉紧元件32编织在一起以成为织物，其将拉紧元件32维持为处于彼此相对的期望定向。换言之，编织纤维34将拉紧元件32大致保持在合适位置中。短语“大致保持”意指编织纤维34充分地接合拉紧元件32，使得拉紧元件32在使用中(例如，在对细长电梯承载部件30施加如下负载期间，该负载可在可能具有额外的安全系数的情况下在电梯系统20中在使用期间所遇到)不从编织纤维34中拉出或者相对于编织纤维34运动。编织纤维34具有横向于拉紧元件32的长度或纵向方向的长度。
实例承载部件30包括在承载部件30的至少一侧上的牵引表面36。牵引表面36由编织纤维34限定。在该描述中，使牵引表面36由编织纤维34限定包括：编织纤维在牵引表面36处暴露、在编织纤维34之上的覆层具有由编织纤维34的存在而限定的表面外形、或这些的组合。
拉紧元件32为电梯承载部件30的主要承载结构。在某些实例中，编织纤维34不支撑电梯轿厢22或配重24的重量。然而，编织纤维34形成负载路径的部分。编织纤维将牵引槽轮31和电梯承载部件30之间的牵引力传递到拉紧元件32。在某些实例中，这种牵引力传递为直接的(例如，当编织纤维34在牵引表面36处暴露时)或为间接的(例如，当编织纤维34被覆盖并且覆层建立牵引表面36的外部时)。
编织纤维34以相对于拉紧元件32的样式布置，使得牵引表面36和拉紧元件32之间的间距阻止拉紧元件32接触牵引表面36所接合的任何构件。例如，当承载部件30至少部分地围绕拉紧槽轮32缠绕时，拉紧元件32将不接触在牵引槽轮31上的表面。选定编织纤维34的大小、编织纤维34的材料、编织纤维34的样式或这些的组合，以确保拉紧元件32和牵引表面36之间的期望的间距，使得拉紧元件32被保护以免与诸如牵引槽轮31的构件接合。
在一个实例中，在编织纤维34之上的覆层确保拉紧元件32与牵引表面36充分地隔开，使得拉紧元件32将不直接地接合或变得接触在电梯系统20中的另一构件，诸如在牵引槽轮或另一槽轮上的表面。在该实例中，覆层的外部表面为牵引表面36。
在一个实例中，拉紧元件32包括第一材料并且编织纤维34包括第二、不同材料。在示出的实例中，相比于拉紧元件32的厚度或截面尺寸，编织纤维34具有小很多的厚度或截面尺寸。在一个实例中，拉紧元件32为金属的，诸如拉制钢，并且编织纤维34包括非金属材料，诸如聚合物例如。
在某些实例中，编织纤维34包含或包括对建立牵引表面36有用的弹性体材料。一个实例包括建立由期望材料构成的编织纤维34和接着利用弹性体材料覆盖纤维。另一实例包括建立编织织物，其包括拉紧元件32和编织纤维34；以及接着利用选定弹性体材料至少部分地覆盖至少编织纤维34。另一实例包括用多个纤丝制造编织纤维34中的各个；以及在编织纤维34中的各个内包括由选定弹性体材料制造的纤丝。另一实例包括利用选定弹性材料浸渍编织纤维34。
一个实例弹性体材料包括氨基甲酸酯(urethane)。热塑性聚氨酯在一个实例上使用。
各种不同编织样式可用于将编织纤维34和拉紧元件32编织在一起。图3示出编织纤维34的一个这种实例样式。在该实例中，编织纤维34对齐为彼此大体平行并且与拉紧元件32的纵向方向大体垂直。图3不意图示出完整的编织织物或完整的承载部件30。相反，图3意图示出编织纤维34的编织样式。
在类似图2和3的实例编织样式中，牵引表面36可具有非连续或非平面表面纹理。如可从附图理解，多个脊将大体彼此平行并且横向于承载部件的纵向方向或长度。换言之，编织纤维34在牵引表面上建立脊。
图4示意地示出另一实例编织样式。在该实例中，编织纤维中的某些34a布置为与拉紧元件32的纵向方向或长度大体垂直。编织纤维中的其它34b布置为与拉紧元件32大体平行并且与编织纤维34a大体垂直。如通过比较图4与图3而可理解，当编织纤维34b包括在拉紧元件32和牵引表面36之间的位置中时，图4的实例编织样式将具有在牵引表面36上的稍微不同特征。在另一实例中，编织纤维34b仅仅维持在拉紧元件32之间，并且对牵引表面36的外形或纹理不具有影响。
图5示出另一实例编织样式，其中编织纤维中的某些34a布置为彼此平行并且相对于拉紧元件32成第一角度。编织纤维中的其它34b布置为彼此大体平行并且相对于拉紧元件32的长度或纵向方向成第二、不同角度。如可从附图理解，例如相比于由图3或4的编织样式建立的编织织物，利用图5的编织样式的编织织物将具有不同的牵引表面纹理或构造。
在图3-5的实例中的任一个中，相对薄的覆层可以以如下方式施加在编织织物的顶部，即，即使编织纤维34利用另一材料完全地覆盖，编织纤维34的编织样式影响或者限定在牵引表面36上的外形或纹理。换言之，编织纤维34中的任一个不必暴露于牵引表面36处，以使它们限定牵引表面36的外形或纹理。
图6示出细长电梯承载部件30的另一实例构造。在该实例中，材料37在编织织物的至少一侧之上提供，该编织织物包括拉紧元件32和编织纤维34以形成护套38。在该实例中，编织纤维34a限定在承载部件30的一侧上的牵引表面36并且护套38限定在承载部件30的相对侧上的另一表面40。在某些实例中，表面40将接触在电梯系统20中的一个或多个槽轮，但是牵引表面36被定向成接触牵引槽轮31，以实现在承载组件30和牵引槽轮31之间的期望的摩擦特征或牵引。材料37可为例如合适的非金属、聚合材料，诸如弹性体，例如包括热塑性聚氨酯的氨基甲酸酯。
在一个实例中，用于建立护套38的材料37还在编织纤维34之上提供覆层，使得护套材料还在牵引表面36上存在。牵引表面36的外形或纹理仍然由编织纤维34至少部分地限定。
在图6的实例中，编织纤维34b配置在拉紧元件32之间并且对牵引表面36不具有影响。在另一实例中，额外的编织纤维配置为与编织纤维34b大体平行并且更靠近拉紧元件32的顶部(根据附图)，使得它们将对牵引表面36的构造或纹理具有影响。
公开的实例提供编织织物作为用于电梯承载部件的基础。它们还提供基于与拉紧元件编织在一起的编织纤维的特征和布置而构造牵引表面的能力。
前述描述在本质上为示范性的而不是限制性的。对公开的实例的变型和更改可对本领域技术人员变得显而易见，而不必脱离本发明的本质。给予该发明的法律保护的范围可仅仅通过阅读所附权利要求而确定。

Claims (20)

1.一种牵引电梯系统的细长电梯承载部件，其包括：
多个拉紧元件；
多个编织纤维，其横向于所述拉紧元件并且与所述拉紧元件相编织，所述编织纤维限定所述承载部件的至少一个牵引表面；和
材料，其提供在所述拉紧元件和所述编织纤维的至少一侧之上以便形成护套；
所述编织纤维限定在所述承载部件的一侧上的所述牵引表面，并且所述护套限定在所述承载部件的相对侧上的另一表面。
2.根据权利要求1所述的细长电梯承载部件，其特征在于，所述编织纤维建立所述牵引表面和所述拉紧元件之间的间距，其阻止所述拉紧元件接触所述牵引表面所接合的构件。
3.根据权利要求2所述的细长电梯承载部件，其特征在于，编织纤维以如下样式布置，该样式包括在与所述拉紧元件的长度平行的方向上、在所述编织纤维之间的预定间距。
4.根据权利要求2所述的细长电梯承载部件，其特征在于，编织纤维以如下样式布置，该样式包括对齐为彼此大体平行并且相对于所述拉紧元件成第一角度的所述编织纤维中的某些，和对齐为彼此大体平行并且相对于所述拉紧元件成第二、不同角度的所述编织纤维中的其它。
5.根据权利要求1所述的细长电梯承载部件，其特征在于，所述拉紧元件包括第一材料并且所述编织纤维包括第二、不同材料。
6.根据权利要求5所述的细长电梯承载部件，其特征在于，所述拉紧元件包括金属并且所述编织纤维为非金属的。
7.根据权利要求1所述的细长电梯承载部件，其特征在于，所述编织纤维包括弹性体材料。
8.根据权利要求7所述的细长电梯承载部件，其特征在于，所述编织纤维包括弹性体纤维。
9.根据权利要求1所述的细长电梯承载部件，其特征在于，所述编织纤维利用所述材料至少部分地覆盖。
10.根据权利要求1所述的细长电梯承载部件，其特征在于，所述材料提供在所述编织纤维之上的覆层，所述覆层具有由所述编织纤维至少部分地限定的外部表面纹理。
11.一种制造牵引电梯系统的细长电梯承载部件的方法，其包括如下步骤：
提供多个拉紧元件；
将多个编织纤维与所述拉紧元件编织在一起；并且
在所述承载部件的至少一侧上建立牵引表面，所述牵引表面由所述编织纤维限定；
在所述拉紧元件和所述编织纤维的至少一侧之上提供材料以便形成护套；
在所述承载部件的与具有所述牵引表面的所述至少一侧相对的一侧上由所述护套材料建立另一表面。
12.根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，包括：当将所述编织纤维和所述拉紧元件编织在一起时建立所述牵引表面。
13.根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，包括：在将所述编织纤维和所述拉紧元件编织在一起之后，通过将覆层施加到至少所述编织纤维而建立所述牵引表面。
14.根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，包括：利用所述编织纤维建立所述拉紧元件和所述牵引表面之间的间距。
15.根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，包括：以阻止所述拉紧元件接触所述牵引表面所接合的构件的样式布置所述编织纤维。
16.根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，包括：在所述牵引表面上包括弹性体材料。
17.根据权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，包括：在所述编织纤维中包括弹性体材料纤维。
18.根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，包括：利用所述护套材料至少部分地覆盖所述编织纤维。
19.根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，包括：
将所述编织纤维中的某些布置为彼此大体平行并且相对于所述拉紧元件成第一角度；并且
将所述编织纤维中的其它布置为彼此大体平行并且相对于所述拉紧元件成第二、不同角度。
20.根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述拉紧元件包括第一材料并且所述编织纤维包括第二、不同材料。
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