CN102835256A - Plum tree crown-control high yielding method - Google Patents
Plum tree crown-control high yielding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102835256A CN102835256A CN 201210264547 CN201210264547A CN102835256A CN 102835256 A CN102835256 A CN 102835256A CN 201210264547 CN201210264547 CN 201210264547 CN 201210264547 A CN201210264547 A CN 201210264547A CN 102835256 A CN102835256 A CN 102835256A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a plum tree crown-control high yielding method which comprises the steps of: using wild peaches as rootstocks to graft nectarines; cultivating inter-stocks; and grafting Dashi early ripening plums at a high part. The plum tree crown-control high yielding method has the following advantages: 1, the plum trees are alleviated in growth vigor and compact in crown; 2, the flowering is good and the percentage of fertile fruit is high; 3, the work efficiency is improved and the investment is reduced; and 4, the fruit quality is good.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to the cultivation method of a planting fruit-trees, particularly a kind of Japanese plum control hat high yield method.
Background technology:
" Da Shi early give birth to " Lee, cold-resistant, disease-resistant, drought resistance is stronger, precocity, best in quality, more anti-transportation of fruit and listing early, price is high, and is good in economic efficiency, receives grower and consumer's welcome deeply.Ji County introducing and planting for many years, the performance tree crown is tall and big, the sapling up-growth gesture is prosperous, branch is sturdy, gets into fruiting period evening; The amount of blooming is many, and it is few to bear fruit, and yields poorly, though price is higher, Li Yuan unit are economic benefit is lower, has influenced the development of this Lee's kind.Adopt an effective measure, the control tree crown is excessive, improves fruit-setting rate.Be production high-quality Lee fruit, improve the Li Yuan economic benefit, the key of meeting the need of market.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the invention just is to overcome the deficiency that exists in the above-mentioned prior art, is control " Da Shi early gives birth to " the prosperous length of Li Youshu and a kind of Japanese plum control hat high yield method, this method are provided, and realizes that tree crown is compact, the effective measures of high yield high-quality.
As above design, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of Japanese plum control hat high yield method is characterized in that: adopt wild peach as grafted with base anvil oil Wang Tao, cultivate interstock, then high position grafting " Da Shi early gives birth to " Lee; Concrete steps are:
1. the spring sowing winterization is handled well in the nursery wild peach nuclear, the back wild peach seedling of emerging adopt T-shaped bud grafting method apart from ground 4-6 centimeters grafting " oily king " peach budder, cultivate interstock " oily king " peach seedling after cutting anvil 1 year spring;
2. field planting " oily king " peach seedling is built the garden;
" oily king " peach seedling for rootstock seedling is strong, the field condition is good can adopt the cut-grafting method immediately in 60 centimeters apart from ground after the field planting in spring; Grafting " Da Shi early gives birth to " Lee's kind scion; Budder and carry out pinching germination and growth 9-12 centimetre high the time and inspire branch, cultivating free spindle or coronule according to planting density, to dredge layer shape tree-like;
For the rootstock seedling growing way golden mean of the Confucian school, field land occupation condition chump, the not grafting in spring then of planting is done 70-80 centimetre of eminence at seedling and is done surely, strengthens rich water quality management, inspires branch, cultivates strong sprout; Growing way is good, has the above tree of each branch of 2-3, adopts T-shaped bud grafting method, branch and with the center branch on grafting " Da Shi early gives birth to " Lee's kind; Branch bud grafting position is apart from trunk 8-10 centimetre, and scion grafting bud position, center is apart from the top branch 8-10 centimetre, and in late March, second is cut anvil and cultivated tree crown.
Above-mentioned " Da Shi early gives birth to " Lee's kind is through sealing with wax processing.
The seeding row spacing of above-mentioned wild peach seedling is 50 * 100 ㎝.
The present invention has following advantage and good effect:
1, can make Japanese plum gesture governor mitigation, tree crown compactness.
Grafting on " oily king " peach interstock " Da Shi early give birth to " Lee, " oily king " peach interstock is obvious to the tree vigo(u)r abirritation, and newborn branch does not need the pinching can the big branch of germinating amount, and strong prosperous water sprout is few, and the branch angle is opened a business.The wild peach anvil of more of the same age, equal cultivation condition " Da Shi early gives birth to " Japanese plum, trunk diameter reduces by 27.2%, and crown diameter reduces 37.5%.Tree crown is compact, crown density are low, suitable planting culture.
2, become to spend, fruit-setting rate is high.
Adopt " oily king " peach interstock height to meet " Da Shi early gives birth to " Lee, water sprout is few, and branch enriches, maturity is high.Grafting then, 50 centimetres account for 83.6% of total amount with interior middle long shoot, the bud satiation quality is good, the flower fruit-setting rate reached 16.8% in 1 year.
3, improve work efficiency, reduce investment.
The multiple spot experiment shows; Use " oily king " peach interstock height and meet " Da Shi early gives birth to " Lee; Than wild peach anvil " Da Shi is early to be given birth to " Japanese plum of the same age, equal cultivation condition, to save and prune 3/666.7 ㎡/years of recruitment, only this item is practiced thrift cost 300-360 unit/666.7 ㎡/years; Reduce pesticide solution amount of application 100 kilograms/666.7 ㎡. year, medicinal 1/666.7 ㎡/years of worker of spray saved.Add up to and reduced investment outlay for 120 yuan/666.7 ㎡/years.
4, fruit quality is good.
Use this kind method, the tree vigo(u)r growth is stable, and crown density are little, ventilation and penetrating light, and utility rate of luminous energy is high.The fruit colouring phase shifts to an earlier date 2-3 days, and the hardness of fruit is bigger, and full haw rate reaches 60.3%, receives deeply to manage and the consumer welcomes, and the market price is higher, and Li Yuan increased income every year and reached 1056 yuan/666.7 ㎡ the full bearing period.
Embodiment:
A kind of Japanese plum control hat high yield method:
One, purpose and task:
1, controls prosperous length, keep tree crown compact, get into fruiting period ahead of time, realize the high yield high-quality.
2, simplify the management of tree body, reduce labour intensity, reduce recruitment, enhance productivity.
3, realize the dense planting dwarfing culture, promote tree vigo(u)r strong and not prosperous, improve fruit outward appearance and interior quality.
4, solve " Da Shi early gives birth to " Lee, quality better, price is high, and is in demand but influence the defective of production because of yielding poorly; Improve output, enliven precocious fruit market, promote little assorted fruit industry development, increase orchard worker's income.
Two, technical scheme
1, basic anvil is selected,
The annual wild peach seedling or the oily Wang Tao grafting of seeding row spacing field planting according to the rules.
2, the preparation of goods and materials and instrument
⑴ rootstock seedling, pruner and grafting knife.
⑵ according to the seedling grafting amount, selects " oily king " peach and preferred " Da Shi early gives birth to " Japanese plum of pure stalwartness, as adopting the fringe elite stand, the required scion of bud grafting, during grafting with adopting with usefulness; The required scion of scion grafting is gathered at (bud sprout before) at the beginning of 3 months, and concentrating seals with wax, and to handle the back subsequent use.
3, operating technology
3.1 the seedling wild peach nuclear that (late March) winterization handles well of in the nursery, sowing in spring is bred in the nursery, strengthens management after emerging.Then early August adopt T-shaped bud grafting method apart from ground 5 centimeters graftings " oily king " peach budder, cut 1 year spring and cultivate " oily king " (interstock) peach seedling behind the anvil; Early August is adopted T-shaped bud grafting method, and in 60 centimeters (keeping 50 centimetres of long oil Wang Tao interstock sections) apart from ground, grafting is good " Da Shi early gives birth to " scion of Lee's kind.Carry out pinching during 10 centimetres high of the 3rd year spring scion germinating growths and inspire branch, cultivate into good branch " Da Shi early gives birth to " behind the Li Damiao, go out the garden field planting again and build the garden.
3.2 field planting " oily king " peach seedling is built the garden
3.2.1 rootstock seedling is strong, the field condition is good can be after the field planting in spring (early April) adopt the cut-grafting method immediately in 60 centimeters (keeping 50 centimetres of long oil Wang Tao interstock sections) apart from ground, " Da Shi is early living " Lee's kind scion (scion of every strain grafting) that grafting is sealed with wax and handled.Carry out pinching when buddering 10 centimetres high of germination and growths and inspire branch, cultivating free spindle or coronule according to planting density, to dredge layer shape tree-like.
3.2.2 the rootstock seedling growing way golden mean of the Confucian school, field land occupation condition chump, the not grafting in spring then of planting is done 80 centimetres of eminences at seedling and is done surely, strengthens rich water quality management, inspires branch, cultivates strong sprout.Growing way is good, has the above tree of 2-3 branch, adopts T-shaped bud grafting method in early August, branch and with the center branch on grafting " Da Shi early gives birth to " Lee's kind.Branch bud grafting position is apart from 10 centimetres on trunk, and scion grafting bud position, center is apart from 10 centimetres of the top branches (3-5 bud of every strain grafting).In late March, second is cut anvil and is cultivated tree crown.
3.2.3 the field planting rootstock seedling then; Strengthen management and cultivate strong sprout but not grafting; Before treating 1 year spring that (25-April 5 March) bud is sprouted, " Da Shi early gives birth to " Lee's kind (inserting the scion of 1-2 root) that adopts the cut-grafting method to seal with wax in advance and handle according to each interface of trunk diameter thickness in 60 centimetres of eminence graftings of trunk.Carry out pinching when buddering 10 centimetres high of germination and growths and inspire branch (interface become to live strong person of reservation of two scion cultivates, and another is evened up or manual work is made to hinder and made its mild growth, promotes that wound healing, tree vigo(u)r are healthy and strong).According to different planting densities, it is tree-like to cultivate thin layer shape of free spindle or coronule or happy shape.
4, points for attention
4.1 basic anvil is selected the wild peach seedling that grows directly from seeds of good wild peach planting seed.
4.2 the finished product seedlings are cultivated in the nursery, must guarantee rationally suitable seeding row spacing (about 50 * 100 ㎝).The nursery that wild peach seedling density is excessive, must be after grafting " oily king " peach kind transplantation of seedlings between (scion germinate before), guarantee that grafting has enough growing spaces, cultivates healthy and strong seedlings.
4.3 do the kind scion of grafting, strict disinfection prevents scion disease carrying germ (knurl), worm.
4.4 grafting behind the seedling planting; Can only on the trunk of basic anvil rhizome portion's grafting " oily king " peach kind, connect " Da Shi early gives birth to " Lee's kind by height; Can not on the wild peach tree, connect " oily king " peach kind grafting again " Da Shi early gives birth to " Lee's kind by height; Avoid trunk too high (" oily king " peach interstock short), that channel is dredged in the nutrient circulation is far away, skeleton is loose, tree crown is tall and big.
4.5 the best is built the garden mode.The one, 3 years living seedlings that cultivate in the field planting nursery; The 2nd, " oily king " peach seedling of field planting wild peach base anvil, carry out scion grafting the 1 year spring of planting, and guarantees grafting success, and it is neat to reach the garden looks, realizes early high-yield, high quality and stable yield.
Claims (3)
1. a Japanese plum control hat high yield method is characterized in that: adopt wild peach as grafted with base anvil oil Wang Tao, cultivate interstock, then high position grafting " Da Shi early gives birth to " Lee; Concrete steps are:
1. the spring sowing winterization is handled well in the nursery wild peach nuclear, the back wild peach seedling of emerging adopt T-shaped bud grafting method apart from ground 4-6 centimeters grafting " oily king " peach budder, cultivate interstock " oily king " peach seedling after cutting anvil 1 year spring;
2. field planting " oily king " peach seedling is built the garden;
" oily king " peach seedling for rootstock seedling is strong, the field condition is good can adopt the cut-grafting method immediately in 60 centimeters apart from ground after the field planting in spring; Grafting " Da Shi early gives birth to " Lee's kind scion; Budder and carry out pinching germination and growth 9-12 centimetre high the time and inspire branch, cultivating free spindle or coronule according to planting density, to dredge layer shape tree-like;
For the rootstock seedling growing way golden mean of the Confucian school, field land occupation condition chump, the not grafting in spring then of planting is done 70-80 centimetre of eminence at seedling and is done surely, strengthens rich water quality management, inspires branch, cultivates strong sprout; Growing way is good, has the above tree of each branch of 2-3, adopts T-shaped bud grafting method, branch and with the center branch on grafting " Da Shi early gives birth to " Lee's kind; Branch bud grafting position is apart from trunk 8-10 centimetre, and scion grafting bud position, center is apart from the top branch 8-10 centimetre, and in late March, second is cut anvil and cultivated tree crown.
2. a kind of Japanese plum control hat high yield method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: above-mentioned " Da Shi early gives birth to " Lee's kind is through sealing with wax processing.
3. a kind of Japanese plum control hat high yield method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the seeding row spacing of above-mentioned wild peach seedling is 50 * 100 ㎝.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103704031A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-04-09 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Cultivation method for quick forming of top positioning grafting trellis pears |
| CN104303936A (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2015-01-28 | 镇远县醉美果业有限公司 | High density cultivation method for plum tree |
| CN106472118A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-03-08 | 湖北省农业科学院果树茶叶研究所 | A kind of method that utilization intermediate stock controls peach gummosis |
| CN106538375A (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2017-03-29 | 李永权 | Zero distance configures the cultivation technique of beeswax Lee pollinizers |
| CN107637354A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2018-01-30 | 天津蓟清果树种植专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of golden yellow rose fragrant nectarine |
| CN110352725A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-10-22 | 新疆林科院经济林研究所 | Graft prune and its mating system |
| CN112369273A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-02-19 | 长宁县益康农业专业合作社 | Honey plum bud grafting cultivation method |
| CN114467527A (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-05-13 | 安顺市农业科学院 | Rapid propagation method of dwarf plum cerasus internus rootstock seedlings |
-
2012
- 2012-07-27 CN CN 201210264547 patent/CN102835256A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103704031A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-04-09 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Cultivation method for quick forming of top positioning grafting trellis pears |
| CN104303936A (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2015-01-28 | 镇远县醉美果业有限公司 | High density cultivation method for plum tree |
| CN107637354A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2018-01-30 | 天津蓟清果树种植专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of golden yellow rose fragrant nectarine |
| CN106472118A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-03-08 | 湖北省农业科学院果树茶叶研究所 | A kind of method that utilization intermediate stock controls peach gummosis |
| CN106538375A (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2017-03-29 | 李永权 | Zero distance configures the cultivation technique of beeswax Lee pollinizers |
| CN110352725A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-10-22 | 新疆林科院经济林研究所 | Graft prune and its mating system |
| CN110352725B (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2021-08-17 | 新疆林科院经济林研究所 | Grafted prune and breeding method thereof |
| CN112369273A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-02-19 | 长宁县益康农业专业合作社 | Honey plum bud grafting cultivation method |
| CN114467527A (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-05-13 | 安顺市农业科学院 | Rapid propagation method of dwarf plum cerasus internus rootstock seedlings |
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Application publication date: 20121226 |