CN1028008C - 制造拉挤成型型材的方法 - Google Patents

制造拉挤成型型材的方法 Download PDF

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CN1028008C
CN1028008C CN91102400A CN91102400A CN1028008C CN 1028008 C CN1028008 C CN 1028008C CN 91102400 A CN91102400 A CN 91102400A CN 91102400 A CN91102400 A CN 91102400A CN 1028008 C CN1028008 C CN 1028008C
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罗伯特·斯特罗恩
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CALEDONIA Co Ltd
Caledonia Composites Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/02Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising combinations of reinforcements, e.g. non-specified reinforcements, fibrous reinforcing inserts and fillers, e.g. particulate fillers, incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers and with or without non-reinforced or non-filled layers
    • B29C70/021Combinations of fibrous reinforcement and non-fibrous material
    • B29C70/025Combinations of fibrous reinforcement and non-fibrous material with particular filler
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/50Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
    • B29C70/52Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C31/00Handling, e.g. feeding of the material to be shaped, storage of plastics material before moulding; Automation, i.e. automated handling lines in plastics processing plants, e.g. using manipulators or robots
    • B29C31/04Feeding of the material to be moulded, e.g. into a mould cavity
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/50Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
    • B29C70/52Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
    • B29C70/523Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die and impregnating the reinforcement in the die
    • B29C70/524Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die and impregnating the reinforcement in the die the transport direction being vertical
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/50Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
    • B29C70/52Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
    • B29C70/525Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/88Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts characterised primarily by possessing specific properties, e.g. electrically conductive or locally reinforced
    • B29C70/887Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts characterised primarily by possessing specific properties, e.g. electrically conductive or locally reinforced locally reinforced, e.g. by fillers

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Abstract

将树脂经泵喂送到模具工位以制造拉挤成型型材料。型材的芯体由来自料斗通过位于该工位上方基本上竖直放置的空心管道喂送到该工位的、在重力影响下移动的粒料制成。管道的具仿形外部表面,形成型材面层的材料由仿形表面导向。形成面层的材料为布条。该拉挤成型型材可为管状或空心体,具有外部和内部表面,此时,该内部表面结合另外树脂粘合布料从芯模的外部表面喂送到模具工位的内部。

Description

本发明涉及同轴充芯拉挤成型型材。
由国际专利说明书WO88/08367中已知一种制造同轴充芯拉挤成型型材的拉挤机,该说明书揭示一种布局,其中干料沿一般为水平的路径喂入拉挤模具中,一种粘合树脂以一种实现完全树脂湿贯穿的方式注射入该模具中,使得由该模具引出的制成产品具有优异的填料粘合性和表面光洁度。该干料包括粒状芯体填充材料(诸如空心球体硅酸盐、蛭石及其它更多的重量较轻的不同材料),该填充材料由可变输出的文丘里喷管所产生的气流沿该水平路径进行运载。该路径延伸通过管道的内部,该管道则沿其长度方向逐渐缩小,而其外部形状制成逐渐地与该模具的截面形状相符合。该管道的外部表面起着干燥布条的导向器,该干燥布条喂入到该模具中以便在制成的拉挤产品上提供一层与该产品整体成型的布质面层。
本发明的目的在于提供一种新颖的和改进的制造拉挤成型型材的设备,该制成的型材具有一层用树脂粘合于其芯体上的面层。
按照本发明所提供的制造具有一层用树脂粘合于其芯体上的面层的拉挤成型型材的设备包括:在一拉挤成型模具工位的输入口处独立地喂入形成芯体的材料和形成面层的布料,该拉挤成型模具工位包括具有用以确定型材的截面形状的截面形状的树脂固化模具,该形成芯体的材料通过一空心管道的内部输送到该模具工位上,而该形成面层 的布料从该管道的外部表面的上方输送到该模具工位上,在所述模具工位上注射入粘合树脂,并从所述模具工位的输出口引出同轴充芯树脂粘合的型材,其特征在于该空心管道基本上竖直放置,而芯体填充材料则在重力的影响下通过该管道移动到该模具工位上。
根据本发明,该芯体填充材料不用气流来推动,由于没有可变输出文丘里喷管,使得该设备比迄今为止的其他设备更为简单,由于该管道竖直放置而以重力方式喂送该芯体填充材料,使该设备对这些材料的比重变得不敏感。因此,就可以使用重量范围更为广泛的该类材料。此外,在横越该型材的截面面积上也更容易取得这些材料的均匀分布。这种均匀分布例如可通过在管道顶部设置振动筛而达到。
本发明也提供一种制造具有树脂粘合于其芯体上的内部和外部面层的管状拉挤成型型材的设备,该设备包括:沿基本上竖直的路径独立地喂入形成芯体的材料和形成面层的布料到该拉挤成型模具工位的输入口;该拉挤成型模具工位包括具有用以确定该型材外部截面形状的截面形状的树脂固化模具,还具有用以确定该型材内部截面形状的截面形状的竖直设置的芯模,该形成外部面层的布料从包围该芯模的竖直放置的空心管道的外部表面的上方输送到该模具工位的输入口,该形成内部面层的布料从该芯模的外部表面的上方输送到该模具工位的输入口,而该形成芯体的材料则在重力的影响下通过在该管道和该形成内部面层的布料之间的环形间隙输送到该模具工位的输入口。
应当理解到,由于没有使用气流来携带形成芯体的材料使管状拉挤成型型材的制造变得很有实效,又由于采用以重力方式通过竖直放置的管道喂入芯体填充材料也使管状拉挤成型型材的制造变得更有实效。
该形成面层的布料通常如WO88/08367中所描述的那种布料,而该形成芯体的材料可为该专利文件所描述的那种材料,但可另外包括具 有基本上较大重量的那种材料。同样,该管道和拉挤成型模具,基本上也如WO88/08367描述的那种管道和模具。
作为实例,现将参照附图对本发明的实施例进行叙述,其中
图1说明按照本发明制造拉挤成型型材的设备的示意图;
图2A和2B说明可用图1所示的设备制造出来的可供选择的不同型材;
图3说明图1所示的设备的一种改型,该改型的设备适用以制造管状型材;
图4示意说明图3所示的设备的一个细节部分;
图5说明可用图3所示设备制造的一种型材。
在图1所示用以制造拉挤成型型材的设备中,最好为机织玻璃纤维的布料14、14A由供料辊9、9A输送并于成形器管道13的外部成型表面上方导向到模前成形器15,通过模具工位8的模具16、17、18输送到布料引出辊19。该管道13为空心体,竖直定向,并在其离远成形器15的端部11处输送来自结合着振动筛12的料斗10的粒状芯体填充材料。该粒状芯体填充材料在重力影响下朝向该模具工位8处喂送并形成芯体填充材料的主体填充着在模前成形器15和工位8的模具引入部分16之的模口间隙21中布条14、14A之间的间隙内。当固定到起始或引出辊19,该布料条14,14A被修整以占据工位8中该模具的外廓线,并在通过模前成形器15和管道13的部分外部表面时,保持在该构形的状态,该管道13为长条形并提供以外部形状,该外部形状沿其长度方向上逐渐地与该树脂固化模具18的截面形状相符合,并在该管道13的模具工位端部上截面形状与该树脂固化模具18的截面形状相同但前者的尺寸则大于后者。该布条14、14A在供料辊9、9A和起始或引出辊19的综合作用下保持在轻微的纵向张紧状态。当起始或引出辊19调整在运动状态时,布条14、14A被拉下,该布条与其形成芯体的材料( 初始由成形塞(未示)保持在原位的材料被嵌入在模口间隙21中布条14、14A之间的间隙内)通过该模具工位8前行,该模具工位提供以经泵27喂到注射模具17的树脂。引出的型材28为树脂固化的型材,该型材由可伸缩引出机26收集,该引出机推进型材并允许将该布条起始或引出辊19分离开,因为当该布条14,14A已被树脂粘合后,该起始或引出辊19不再发挥作用。固化模具18设计成用以在适当的温度下发挥其固化树脂的作用。
该模前成形器15的输出口端的尺寸比该固化模具的尺寸稍大些,该模前成形器放置在模具引入或成形部分16钟口形入口的附近但与之相距一个短的距离。模口间隙21的精确间距确定成允许布条14、14A完全形成并在模口间隙21中毫无畸变地与芯体材料一起移动的一种稍许抬高的活动壁的形式,该活动壁完全占据该空心型材的轮廓形状并包围在两布条14、14A之间,而该两布条沿其纵向边缘重叠,因此可避免填充材料的泄放。
管道13的内部表面也可逐渐地沿其长度方向与该模具18的截面形状相符合,且在该模具工位上具有与该模具18的截面相同的截面,使得形成芯体的材料在趋近该模具工位时,逐渐地与该模具18的截面形状相符合。
图2A和2B说明可供选择的型材28,该型材可由图1所示的设备制造,由该图可知,不论是具有简单或复杂的截面形状的型材均可用该设备制造出来,而且该等型材其芯体均为实心的。然而,因管道13是竖直定向的,该芯体的比重是不受限制的,实际上,任何重量的粒状芯体填充材料均可采用,只要这种材料能通过该振动筛12而均匀地分布在横越芯体的截面即可。
图3和图4说明图1所示设备的一种改进型式,其中芯模30通过料斗10的长度方向、该管道13及该模具工位8,以便可制造出如图5所 示的那种管状型材。为此目的,除了布条供料辊9、9A外,还提供以布条供料辊32、32A,该供料辊32、32A提供从该芯模30的外部表面上方导向该模具工位8的布条33、33A,使得这些布条33、33A形成型材引的内部面层。该芯模30的上端部固定在支承结构(未示出)上,并通过起始塞(未示出)将其下端部在该模具8处首先调准中心。然而,当该设备在正常操作时,由于已进行到超过其起始相位,则该芯模的下端部基本上通过在该管道13的内部表面和布条覆盖的芯模的外部表面之间由来自料斗10提供的芯体填充材料所构成的环形体进行自我调准中心,该芯模在和超出该模具工位处基本上为实心体。
在图3所示设备中,振动筛12呈环形构形,不论在图1或图3所示的设备中,该振动筛12有助于在不受粒状料的尺寸和重量限制下,在型材28、31中正确放置该粒状材料并将之完好地填密。

Claims (3)

1、制造具有用树脂粘合于其芯体的面层的拉挤成型型材的方法,该方法包括独立地将形成芯体材料和形成面层的布料喂送到拉挤成型模具工位的输入口,该拉挤型模具工位包括具有用以确定该型材的截面形状的截面形状的树脂固化模具,该形成芯体的材料通过空心管道的内部输送到该模具工位输入口,而形成面层的布料则从该管道的外部表面的上方输送到该模具工位,向所述工位注射入粘合树脂,并从所述工位的输出口引出同轴充芯树脂粘合的型材,其特征在于该空心管道基本上竖直放置在该模具工位的上方,该芯体填充材料在重力影响下通过该管道移动到该模具工位上。
2、如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于横越该型材的截面面积上该芯体填充材料的均匀分布由设置在该管道顶部的振动筛的振动来实现。
3、制造具有用树脂粘合于其芯体的内部和外部面层的管状拉挤成型型材的方法,该方法包括独立地将形成芯体的材料和形成面层的布料基本上沿竖直路径喂送到拉挤成型模具工位上,该模具工位包括具有用以确定该型材的外部截面形状的截面形状的树脂固化模具和竖直放置的芯模,该芯模具有用以确定该型材的内部截面形状的截面形状,该形成外部面层的布料从竖直放置的、包围着该芯模的空心管道的外部表面的上方输送到该模具工位处,该形成内部面层的布料从该芯模的外部表面上方输送到该模具工位输入口处,而该形成芯体的材料则在重力影响下通在该管道和该形成内部面层的布料之间的环形间隙输送到该模具工位上。
CN91102400A 1990-04-18 1991-04-12 制造拉挤成型型材的方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1028008C (zh)

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GB909008655A GB9008655D0 (en) 1990-04-18 1990-04-18 Vertical pultruder

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CN1055701A (zh) 1991-10-30
FI915932A0 (fi) 1991-12-17
NO914988D0 (no) 1991-12-17
ZA912667B (en) 1992-03-25
ES2049549T3 (es) 1994-04-16
FI98056B (fi) 1996-12-31
DK200991A (da) 1991-12-16
KR920700891A (ko) 1992-08-10
KR0174252B1 (ko) 1999-04-01
DE69101234T2 (de) 1994-06-01
EP0478736B1 (en) 1994-02-23
WO1991016192A1 (en) 1991-10-31
JP2835877B2 (ja) 1998-12-14
AU631739B2 (en) 1992-12-03
ATE101822T1 (de) 1994-03-15
DE69101234D1 (de) 1994-03-31
RU2084344C1 (ru) 1997-07-20
DK200991D0 (da) 1991-12-16
NO914988L (no) 1991-12-17
FI98056C (fi) 1997-04-10
GB9008655D0 (en) 1990-06-13
US5264170A (en) 1993-11-23
DK0478736T3 (da) 1994-05-02
AU7555191A (en) 1991-11-11
JPH05500783A (ja) 1993-02-18
EP0478736A1 (en) 1992-04-08

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