CN102771240B - Foliar fertilization method for promoting volume increase of melon vegetables - Google Patents

Foliar fertilization method for promoting volume increase of melon vegetables Download PDF

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CN102771240B
CN102771240B CN 201210290998 CN201210290998A CN102771240B CN 102771240 B CN102771240 B CN 102771240B CN 201210290998 CN201210290998 CN 201210290998 CN 201210290998 A CN201210290998 A CN 201210290998A CN 102771240 B CN102771240 B CN 102771240B
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fertilizers
fertilizer
foliar
soil
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CN102771240A (en
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李建刚
董元华
吴俊侠
吴钰明
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Institute of Soil Science of CAS
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Abstract

The invention provides a foliar fertilization method for promoting the volume increase of melon vegetables. The foliar fertilization method comprises the steps that before vegetable seedlings are transplanted, 500kg of organic fertilizers and 20kg of compound fertilizers are applied in each mu of soil, wherein the organic fertilizer contains more than 3%wt of nutrient content, and more than 30%wt of organic contents, the compound fertilizer contains 15% of N, 15% of P2O5 and 15% of K2O, and the fertilizers are applied in the soil when the soil is prepared; during the initial period of fruit bearing of the melon vegetables, 40-60kg of high-nitrogen foliar fertilizers are additionally applied in each mu of soil; during the initial period of fruiting, phytochemicals foliar fertilizers are continuously sprayed twice at an interval of 7-10 days, and 25-40kg of phytochemicals foliar fertilizers are sprayed in each mu of soil once; and during the flourishing period of fruiting, 50-60kg of high-potassium foliar fertilizers or 4g/L monopotassium phosphate water solution are/is sprayed once in each mu of soil. According to the foliar fertilization method, the volume of small white gourd is increased by 50%, the volume of club bottle gourd fruit is increased by 37.5% and the volume of cucumber is increased by more than 40%; and meanwhile, the quality of the vegetables is improved obviously, the environmental pollution is alleviated, and the earnings of farmers are increased.

Description

A kind of foliar application method that promotes the gourd vegetables volume increase
Technical field
The invention belongs to the highly efficient agricultural technology field, relate in particular to a kind of foliar application method that promotes the gourd vegetables volume increase.
Background technology
Gourd vegetables belongs to the vegetables that nutrition organs and reproductive organs are grown synchronously, and all take gather tender fruit or aging fruit as purpose, yielding positive results continuously is that the denominator of gourd vegetables is divided into germination period, Seedling Stage, flowering stage and knot melon phase in life.Each growing stage all shows very urgent to the demand of various nutrients simultaneously.Therefore, according to they different nutrient uptake features, guaranteeing that the fertilizer in each period is supplied with, to satisfy plant strain growth to nutrient requirement, is to realize the gourd vegetables Key to high-yielding production.
The Crop nutrient can be by two approach: the one, and Root Absorption, the 2nd, Foliage Absorption.Foliar application claims again root to execute (chasing after) fertilizer outward, and foliage fertilization namely replenishes the nutritive element that plants needs by foliage spray, plays coordinate plant growth, replenishes the scarce element of institute, the effect of anti-early ageing and increase output.Take top dressing can directly promptly supply with nutrient.Avoid nutrient to be fixed by adsorption by soil, improved utilization rate of fertilizer; And consumption is few, is suitable for using of little fertilizer, and obvious effect of increasing production is a kind of not only economy, effect but also good measures of fertilizer.Foliar application is that root system is inhaled fertile important supplement.Foliar application can replenish and regulate crop alimentary, and particularly under adverse environmental factor, the root absorption function is subject to obstacle, and foliar application often can be brought into play special effect.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that solves
The present invention is directed in the efficient facility cultivation gourd vegetables and run into production declining in producing, utilization rate of fertilizer reduces provides a kind of economic and practical foliage fertilizer application process.
Technical scheme
A kind of foliar application method that promotes gourd vegetables volume increase before vegetables are transplanted seedlings, is executed 500 kilograms of fertilizers and 20 kilograms of composite fertilizers for every mu, and the nutrient content of described fertilizer is greater than 3%wt, and the content of organic matter is greater than 30%wt, the N-P of described composite fertilizer 2O 5-K 2O content is respectively 15%-15%-15%, spreads fertilizer over the fields during whole ground and buries; Impose once high nitrogen type foliage fertilizer, every mu of consumption 40-60 kilogram at the gourd vegetables knot melon initial stage; Contain the double nutrient for plants foliage fertilizer that sprays of melon initial stage, two minor tick 7-10 days, every mu of each consumption 25-40 kilogram; Spray once high potassium type foliage fertilizer or 4g/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution, every mu of consumption 50-60 kilogram in the knot melon Sheng phase.
Described nutrient for plants foliage fertilizer is humic acid or Yellow humic acid foliage fertilizer; High nitrogen type foliage fertilizer N content 〉=25%, P 2O 5Content 〉=10%, K 2O content 〉=20%; Contain N content 〉=15%, P in the high potassium type foliage fertilizer 2O 5Content 〉=10%, K 2O content 〉=30%.
Beneficial effect
The present invention can promote little wax gourd volume increase 50%, and edible gourd increases by 37.5%, and cucumber increases more than 40%.Simultaneously can also significantly improve quality of vegetable, environmental contamination reduction, and increase peasant income.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is for using invention technical scheme and edible gourd output contrast figure that does not use technical solution of the present invention, and left figure is the present invention, and right figure is contrast.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Carry out edible gourd foliar application volume increase test in Xiangcheng District Installation Vegetable Cultivation base, Suzhou.The present invention carries out the foliage spray test on the basis of custom basal dressing.Before vegetables are transplanted seedlings, execute 500 kilograms of fertilizers (nutrient content is greater than 3%wt, and the content of organic matter is greater than 30%wt) and 20 kilograms of composite fertilizer (N-P for every mu 2O 5-K 2O content is respectively 15%-15%-15%) as base manure, spread fertilizer over the fields during whole ground and bury.Then plough and seedling is carried out field planting.According to the regulation of fertilizer requirement of vegetable growth, carry out four liquid levels in the whole breeding time of vegetable growth and topdress.Impose once high nitrogen type foliage fertilizer (N content=25%, P at knot melon initial stage (article one fringe really begins to expand) 2O 5Content=10%, K 2O content=20% is purchased from the Nanjing Chinese Academy of Sciences and strides the gram science and technology limited Company), 60 kilograms of every mu of consumptions are contained the melon initial stage (the first fringe really gather beginning) double Yellow humic acid foliage fertilizer that sprays, 40 kilograms of every mu of each consumptions, midfeather 10 days.Contain the phase (the first fringe really gather about the 30th melon grow up to) at the knot melon with spraying once high potassium type foliage fertilizer (N content=15%, P 2O 5Content=10%, K 2O content=30% is purchased from the Nanjing Chinese Academy of Sciences and strides the gram science and technology limited Company), 60 kilograms of every mu of consumptions.Foliage fertilizer wants positive and negative all to spray when spraying.
The increase that not only can promote edible gourd output of processing by the present invention, and bear fruit number and the single fruit weight of every strain plant also increase significantly (Fig. 1).Compared with the control, the present invention can make edible gourd per mu yield be increased to 5500 kilograms from 4000 kilograms, and rate of growth can reach 37.5%(table 1).The present invention can also significantly improve quality of vegetable simultaneously in addition, environmental contamination reduction, and increase peasant income.
Table 1 the technology of the present invention is to the effect of increasing production of gourd vegetables
Figure GDA00003460186500021
Embodiment 2
Carry out little wax gourd foliar application volume increase test in Xiangcheng District Installation Vegetable Cultivation base, Suzhou.The present invention carries out the foliage spray test on the basis of custom basal dressing.Before vegetables are transplanted seedlings, execute 500 kilograms of fertilizers (nutrient content is greater than 3%wt, and the content of organic matter is greater than 30%wt) and 20 kilograms of composite fertilizer (N-P for every mu 2O 5-K 2O content is respectively 15%-15%-15%) as base manure, spread fertilizer over the fields during whole ground and bury.Then plough and seedling is carried out field planting.According to the regulation of fertilizer requirement of vegetable growth, carry out four liquid levels in the whole breeding time of vegetable growth and topdress.Impose once high nitrogen type foliage fertilizer (N content=25%, P at knot melon initial stage (article one fringe really begins to expand) 2O 5Content=10%, K 2O content=20% is purchased from the Nanjing Chinese Academy of Sciences and strides the gram science and technology limited Company), 40 kilograms of every mu of consumptions are contained the melon initial stage (the first fringe really gather beginning) double humic acid foliar fertilizer (humic acid content 〉=40g/L, N+P of spraying 2O 5+ K 2O total content 〉=200g/L), 25 kilograms of every mu of each consumptions, interval 7 days.Contain the phase (the first fringe really gather about the 30th melon grow up to) at the knot melon and spray once high potassium type foliage fertilizer (N content=15%, P 2O 5Content=10%, K 2O content=30% is purchased from the Nanjing Chinese Academy of Sciences and strides the gram science and technology limited Company), 50 kilograms of every mu of consumptions.Foliage fertilizer wants positive and negative all to spray when spraying.
The increase that can promote little wax gourd output by the present invention's processing.Compared with the control, the present invention can make little wax gourd per mu yield be increased to 6000 kilograms from 4000 kilograms, and rate of growth is up to 50%(table 1).
Embodiment 3
Carry out cucumber foliar application volume increase test in Xiangcheng District Installation Vegetable Cultivation base, Suzhou.The present invention carries out the foliage spray test on the basis of custom basal dressing.Before vegetables are transplanted seedlings, execute 500 kilograms of fertilizers (nutrient content is greater than 3%wt, and the content of organic matter is greater than 30%) and 20 kilograms of composite fertilizer (N-P for every mu 2O 5-K 2O content is respectively 15%-15%-15%) as base manure, spread fertilizer over the fields during whole ground and bury.Then plough seedling is carried out field planting.According to the regulation of fertilizer requirement of vegetable growth, carry out four liquid levels in the whole breeding time of vegetable growth and topdress.Impose once high nitrogen type foliage fertilizer (N content=25%, P at knot melon initial stage (article one fringe really begins to expand) 2O 5Content=10%, K 2O content=20%, be purchased from the Nanjing Chinese Academy of Sciences and stride the gram science and technology limited Company), 50 kilograms of every mu of consumptions are contained the melon initial stage (the first fringe really gather beginning) double Tianquan board nutrient for plants (Institute of Oceanology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences's development) that sprays, 30 kilograms of every mu of each consumptions, midfeather 8 days.Contain the phase (the first fringe really gather about the 30th melon grow up to) at the knot melon and spray and once tie the melon Sheng phase with spraying the 0.4%g/mL potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution one time, 50 kilograms of every mu of consumptions.Foliage fertilizer wants positive and negative all to spray when spraying.
Process the increase that can promote cucumber yield by the present invention.Compared with the control, the present invention can make the cucumber per mu yield be increased to 6750 kilograms, contrast increase 35%(table 1 from 5000 kilograms).

Claims (2)

1. foliar application method that promotes gourd vegetables volume increase, it is characterized in that: before vegetables are transplanted seedlings, execute 500 kilograms of fertilizers and 20 kilograms of composite fertilizers for every mu, the nutrient content of described fertilizer is greater than 3%wt, the content of organic matter is greater than 30%wt, the N-P of described composite fertilizer 2O 5-K 2O content is respectively 15%-15%-15%, spreads fertilizer over the fields during whole ground and buries; Impose once high nitrogen type foliage fertilizer, every mu of consumption 40-60 kilogram at the gourd vegetables knot melon initial stage; Contain the double nutrient for plants foliage fertilizer that sprays of melon initial stage, two minor tick 7-10 days, every mu of each consumption 25-40 kilogram; Spray once high potassium type foliage fertilizer or 4g/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution, every mu of consumption 50-60 kilogram in the knot melon Sheng phase.
2. described a kind of foliar application method that promotes gourd vegetables volume increase according to claim 1 is characterized in that described nutrient for plants foliage fertilizer is humic acid or Yellow humic acid foliage fertilizer; High nitrogen type foliage fertilizer N content 〉=25%, P 2O 5Content 〉=10%, K 2O content 〉=20%; Contain N content 〉=15%, P in the high potassium type foliage fertilizer 2O 5Content 〉=10%, K 2O content 〉=30%.
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CN102918981B (en) * 2012-11-28 2013-07-31 汕头市微补植物营养科技有限公司 Fertilizing method of melon vegetables
CN103380672A (en) * 2013-07-08 2013-11-06 句容根生药材有限公司 Fertilizer application method for planting of Salvia miltiorrhiza/Radix Scrophulariae
CN103524188B (en) * 2013-10-22 2015-03-25 李桥旺 Fertilizer for fruits or vegetables and preparation method thereof
CN105461425A (en) * 2015-11-02 2016-04-06 南宁市金稻源农资有限公司 Vegetable culture solution and method for culturing vegetables by using same
CN112154756A (en) * 2020-09-01 2021-01-01 海南省农业科学院农业环境与土壤研究所 Application method of Hainan summer and autumn leaf vegetable fertilizer

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1119633A (en) * 1994-09-29 1996-04-03 胡光霞 Foliage fertilizer
CN1123786A (en) * 1995-05-04 1996-06-05 胡文均 Production of multifunctional leaf fertilizer
CN101037360A (en) * 2006-03-15 2007-09-19 文山壮族苗族自治州三七科学技术研究所 Notoginseng leaf surface fertilizer
CN101810077A (en) * 2010-05-11 2010-08-25 王恩冶 Fertilization method for increasing cucumber yield
CN102050676A (en) * 2010-11-26 2011-05-11 合肥工业大学 Liquid type special cucumber composite foliage fertilizer
CN102329160A (en) * 2011-06-28 2012-01-25 云南金星化工有限公司 Active boron foliar fertilizer

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1119633A (en) * 1994-09-29 1996-04-03 胡光霞 Foliage fertilizer
CN1123786A (en) * 1995-05-04 1996-06-05 胡文均 Production of multifunctional leaf fertilizer
CN101037360A (en) * 2006-03-15 2007-09-19 文山壮族苗族自治州三七科学技术研究所 Notoginseng leaf surface fertilizer
CN101810077A (en) * 2010-05-11 2010-08-25 王恩冶 Fertilization method for increasing cucumber yield
CN102050676A (en) * 2010-11-26 2011-05-11 合肥工业大学 Liquid type special cucumber composite foliage fertilizer
CN102329160A (en) * 2011-06-28 2012-01-25 云南金星化工有限公司 Active boron foliar fertilizer

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