CN103270840A - Strawberry fertilizing method with growth promotion, quality improvement, effect increase and disease prevention functions - Google Patents

Strawberry fertilizing method with growth promotion, quality improvement, effect increase and disease prevention functions Download PDF

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CN103270840A
CN103270840A CN2013101579712A CN201310157971A CN103270840A CN 103270840 A CN103270840 A CN 103270840A CN 2013101579712 A CN2013101579712 A CN 2013101579712A CN 201310157971 A CN201310157971 A CN 201310157971A CN 103270840 A CN103270840 A CN 103270840A
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fertilizer
strawberry
foliage
kilograms
foliage fertilizer
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董元华
李建刚
陈义群
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Institute of Soil Science of CAS
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Abstract

A strawberry fertilizing method with growth promotion, quality improvement, effect increase and disease prevention functions comprises: a basal dressing and a top dressing, wherein the top dressing is divided into a soil top dressing and a plant top dressing, and wherein the basal dressing comprises mixing an organic fertilizer, a multi-element nutrient active material and a compound fertilizer, uniformly spreading the fertilizer mixture over fields with the amount of 1000 kg per mu, and performing rotary tillage with the tillage depth of 30 cm to mix soil and the fertilizer mixture uniformly; ridging with a height of 30 cm; about 1 month after transplanting strawberry plants and before covering tents, topdressing with the compound fertilizer of 10-15 kg per mu, and simultaneously performing foliar fertilization with a multi-element plant nutrient foliar fertilizer for one time with the amount of 50 kg per mu; before blooming, topdressing with the compound fertilizer of 10 to 15 kg per mu, and simultaneously spraying 50 kg of a high-nitrogen foliar fertilizer to the strawberry plants for one time; at the peak of strawberry blooming period and the peak of fruiting period, spraying the multi-element plant nutrient foliar fertilizer for one time with the amount of 50 kg per mu; in a fruit enlargement period, topdressing with the compound fertilizer of 10-15 kg per mu, and simultaneously spraying 50 kg of a high-potassium foliar fertilizer to the strawberry plants for one time; and later on, spraying with the multi-element plant nutrition foliar fertilizer for one time, every time after harvest.

Description

Short strawberry fertilizing method of giving birth to upgrading synergy diseases prevention
Technical field
The present invention can promote the strawberry growth for a kind of, and the fertilizing method of energy upgrading diseases prevention, can be used to overcome the continuous cropping obstacle problem of strawberry.
Background technology
Strawberry nutrition is worth high, and is with short production cycle, good in economic efficiency, and a lot of peasants like plantation.At present in the facility cultivation of strawberry because the high strength utilization of soil, and with the unmatched a large amount of even excessive fertilization of crop new varieties, caused many arable soils serious health problem to occur.Show as the macroelement accumulation, middle microelement deficiencies cause the soil nutrient elements imbalance, the decline of soil nutrient conversion capability.Simultaneously, under nutrient height lack of balance and soil quality impaired condition, plant root growth sharply descends with absorption moisture, nutrient ability, causes plant health to go wrong, disease and insect resistance and the decline of other adverse circumstance ability.
The strawberry fertilizing management is the important ring in its cultivation process, and at present also few about the apply fertilizers scientifically material of technology of strawberry, a lot of materials is special-purpose fertile about strawberry.CN102037831A discloses a kind of fertilizing method that improves strawberry output, is to make base manure with farmyard manure and nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer, and the later stage does not chase after the fertilizing method of phosphate fertilizer.It is special-purpose fertile that CN1028501090A discloses a kind of strawberry that has inorganic Fertilizer Combination to form, and spreads fertilizer over the fields every mu of consumption 25-35 kilogram before strawberry is transplanted.
Strawberry needs more to the nitrogen in the soil, phosphorus, potassium nutrition.The strawberry root system is more shallow, and fertilizer sucting ability is strong, and is very responsive to nutrient, and overfertilization or deficiency all can influence it and grow and quality.According to the regulation of fertilizer requirement of strawberry, strawberry early growth period fertilizer-sucting quantity seldom, fertilizer-sucting quantity increases gradually after blooming, along with fruit is constantly plucked, fertilizer-sucting quantity also increases thereupon, particularly the absorptive amount to potassium and nitrogen is maximum, secondly is calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, boron.When plucking beginning, nutrient requirement rate sharply increases.The present invention reverts to core according to the law of nutritive absorption of strawberry growth with soil health, reaches the purpose that promotes growth, reduces the damage by disease and insect generation, increases economic efficiency.This invention technology is a kind of practical approach that solves continuous cropping obstacle from the source simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that solves: the invention provides and a kind ofly can promote the strawberry growth, and fertilizer practice that can upgrading control strawberry continuous cropping disease.
Technical scheme: short strawberry fertilizing method of giving birth to upgrading synergy diseases prevention, formed with topdressing by base manure, topdress and be divided into soil and plant is topdressed, base manure is by evenly spreading fertilizer over the fields after the part by weight mixing according to 85-90%:8-10%:2-5% of fertilizer, multifunction nutritive active material and composite fertilizer, 1000 kilograms of every mu of consumptions, rotary tillage is 30 centimetres then, and clay fertilizer is mixed; Play high 30 centimetres ridge; Strawberry is transplanted back about 1 month before build canopy, and every mu imposes composite fertilizer 10-15 kilogram, carries out 1 foliage spray with multielement plant nutrition foliage fertilizer simultaneously, 50 kilograms of every mu of consumptions; Every mu imposes composite fertilizer 10-15 kilogram before blooming, and sprays the strawberry plant once with 50 kilograms high nitrogen type foliage fertilizers simultaneously; Strawberry Sheng phase of yielding positive results sprays multielement plant nutrition foliage fertilizer one time, 50 kilograms of every mu of consumptions; Fruit expanding period imposes composite fertilizer 10-15 kilogram for every mu, sprays the strawberry plant once with 50 kilograms high potassium type foliage fertilizers simultaneously; Later on spray multielement plant nutrition foliage fertilizer one time after each the harvesting, 50 kilograms of every mu of consumptions.
N-P in the described composite fertilizer 2O 5-K 2O=15%-15%-15%; The full N of fertilizer, P, K nutrient content are greater than 5%wt, and the content of organic matter is greater than 45%wt; Multielement plant nutrition foliage fertilizer is to be the foliage fertilizer of carrier with amino acid foliage fertilizer, shitosan or humic acid; N content 〉=23%wt in the high nitrogen type foliage fertilizer, high potassium type foliage fertilizer K 2O content 〉=27%wt, the N of two kinds of foliage fertilizers, P, K total nutrient content 〉=50%wt, total content 〉=2%wt of Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, B, Mo, Ca, Mg and S.
Described multifunction nutritive active material is match many 28 or Shenzhou VI 54.
Described multielement plant nutrition foliage fertilizer is for dripping U.S. foliage fertilizer, amino acid foliage fertilizer or believing the shitosan foliage fertilizer admittedly.
Described high nitrogen type foliage fertilizer is Gao Legao nitrogen type foliage fertilizer.
Described high potassium type foliage fertilizer is Gao Legao potassium type foliage fertilizer.
Beneficial effect: this fertilizer practice can promote the strawberry growth, improves the strawberry quality, and can prevent and treat the common disease of strawberry, promotes strawberry listing ahead of time, thereby is conducive to increase the economic benefit at plantation family.
Embodiment
Following examples further specify content of the present invention, but should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.Without departing from the spirit and substance of the case in the present invention, modification and replacement to the inventive method, step or condition are done all belong to scope of the present invention.If do not specialize the conventional means that used technological means is well known to those skilled in the art among the embodiment.
Behind the whole ground of strawberry, evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in ground after fertilizer, multifunction nutritive active material and composite fertilizer mixed according to the ratio of 85-90%:8-10%:2-5%, 1000 kilograms of every mu of consumptions, rotary tillage is about 30 centimetres then, and clay fertilizer is mixed.Play high about 30 centimetres ridge.Strawberry is transplanted behind the slow seedling before build canopy, and every mu imposes composite fertilizer 10-15 kilogram, carries out 1 foliage spray with multielement plant nutrition foliage fertilizer simultaneously, 50 kilograms of every mu of consumptions.Every mu imposes composite fertilizer 10-15 kilogram before blooming, and sprays the strawberry plant once with 50 kilograms high nitrogen type foliage fertilizers simultaneously.Strawberry Sheng phase of yielding positive results sprays multielement plant nutrition foliage fertilizer one time, 50 kilograms of every mu of consumptions.Fruit expanding period imposes composite fertilizer 10-15 kilogram for every mu, sprays the strawberry plant once with 50 kilograms high potassium type foliage fertilizers simultaneously.Later on spray multielement plant nutrition foliage fertilizer one time after each the harvesting, 50 kilograms of every mu of consumptions.The consumption of foliage fertilizer described in the literary composition all refers to the consumption of this foliage fertilizer under working concentration.
Embodiment 1(most preferred embodiment)
Stubble is the plot of plantation strawberry before choosing, and is contrast with the local fertilizing method of peasant household.The present technique specific implementation process is following behind the whole ground of strawberry, organic commercial fertilizer (N+P 2O 5+ K 2O 〉=5.0%wt, organic matter 〉=45%wt) 870 kilograms, " match many 28 " 90 kilograms of formula fertilizers and composite fertilizer (N-P 2O 5-K 2O=15%wt-15%wt-15%wt) 40 kilograms of mixings spread fertilizer over the fields in ground, and rotary tillage is about 30 centimetres then, and clay fertilizer is mixed.Play high about 30 centimetres ridge.After strawberry was transplanted slow seedling, every mu imposed 15 kilograms of composite fertilizers, and simultaneously according to working concentration, every mu of usefulness is dripped U.S. foliage fertilizer (the too U.S. bio tech ltd production in Nanning) for 50 kilograms and carried out 1 foliage spray.Every mu imposes 15 kilograms of composite fertilizers before blooming, and simultaneously according to working concentration, sprays the strawberry plant once with 50 kilograms of Gao Legao nitrogen type foliage fertilizers.The Sheng phase sprays and once drips U.S. foliage fertilizer, 50 kilograms of every mu of consumptions strawberry as a result.Fruit expanding period imposes 15 kilograms of composite fertilizers for every mu, simultaneously according to working concentration, sprays the strawberry plant once with 50 kilograms of Gao Legao potassium type foliage fertilizers.Later on each pluck to spray behind the strawberry once drip U.S. foliage fertilizer, 50 kilograms of every mu of consumptions.
The present invention can promote that strawberry grows vigorously, and wherein stent has the 1100.81cm of contrast 2Be increased to 1466.01cm 2, average plant height is than contrasting the 3.64cm of having Duoed, and vane thickness and leaf area all have increase.Illustrate that present technique invention can promote strawberry grow up healthy and sound (table 1).
Table 1 the present invention is to the influence of strawberry growth
Figure BDA00003122367000031
The present invention can the effectively preventing strawberry continuous cropping diseases, compared with the control, the incidence of disease of strawberry anthracnose drops to 2.63% by 8.77% of contrast.The incidence of disease of strawberry verticillium wilt has descended 6.4% than contrast, and the incidence of disease is controlled below 6%.The present invention can also promote the strawberry early flowering in addition, improves the fruit bearing rate of strawberry, and after transplanting seedlings 100 days, the strawberry flowering rate that the present invention handles is 54.6%, and contrast has only 45.7%(table 2).This has great importance to the volume increase of strawberry and harvesting in advance.
Table 2 the present invention is to strawberry disease and the influence of blooming
Fertilizer treatment of the present invention also has tangible effect to the quality-improving of strawberry.Can improve the content of VC in the strawberry, increase the pol of strawberry, regulate the sugar-acid ratio of strawberry, make it reach better mouthfeel.(table 3).
Table 3 the present invention is to the influence of strawberry quality
Handle VC(mg/100g) Pol (%) Sugar-acid ratio
The T1(contrast) 0.31 8.1 14.36
T2(the present invention handles) 0.41 9.1 15.56
Embodiment 2
Stubble is the plot of plantation strawberry before choosing, and is contrast with the local fertilizing method of peasant household.The present technique specific implementation process is following spreads fertilizer over the fields 850 kilograms of fertilizers, 100 kilograms of " Shenzhou VI 54 " formula fertilizers and 50 kilograms of mixings of composite fertilizer in ground behind the whole ground of strawberry, and rotary tillage is about 30 centimetres then, and clay fertilizer is mixed.Play high about 30 centimetres ridge.Strawberry is transplanted behind the slow seedling before build canopy, and every mu imposes 10 kilograms of composite fertilizers, uses amino acid foliage fertilizer (Xuzhou City produces for a day fertile industry Co., Ltd) to carry out 1 foliage spray simultaneously, according to 50 kilograms of every mu of consumptions of working concentration.Every mu imposes 10 kilograms of composite fertilizers before blooming, and simultaneously according to working concentration, sprays the strawberry plant once with 50 kilograms of Gao Legao nitrogen type foliage fertilizers.Strawberry Sheng phase of yielding positive results sprays amino acid foliage fertilizer one time, according to 50 kilograms of every mu of consumptions of working concentration.Fruit expanding period imposes 10 kilograms of composite fertilizers for every mu, sprays the strawberry plant once with 50 kilograms of Gao Legao potassium type foliage fertilizers simultaneously.Spray amino acid foliage fertilizer one time after each the harvesting later on, according to 50 kilograms of every mu of consumptions of working concentration.
Under the fertilizer amount in said method, the present invention can make strawberry plant stent from the 786.24cm of contrast 2Be increased to 1022cm 2, the plant height of strawberry is increased to 19.60 from 18.20cm.The vane thickness of strawberry has also increased 0.05mm(table 4 simultaneously).
Table 4 the present invention is to the influence of strawberry growth
Handle Stent (cm 2 Plant height (cm) Vane thickness (mm)
The T1(contrast) 786.24 18.20 0.39
T2(the present invention handles) 1022.00 19.60 0.44
Embodiment 3
Stubble is the plot of plantation strawberry before choosing, and is contrast with the local fertilizing method of peasant household.The present technique specific implementation process is following behind the whole ground of strawberry, 900 kilograms of fertilizers, " match many 28 " 80 kilograms of formula fertilizers and 20 kilograms of mixings of composite fertilizer spread fertilizer over the fields in ground, and 1000 kilograms of every mu of consumptions, rotary tillage is about 30 centimetres then, and clay fertilizer is mixed.Play high about 30 centimetres ridge.Strawberry is transplanted behind the slow seedling before build canopy, and every mu imposes 15 kilograms of composite fertilizers, uses " solid believe " shitosan foliage fertilizer to carry out 1 foliage spray simultaneously, according to 50 kilograms of every mu of consumptions of working concentration.Every mu imposes 15 kilograms of composite fertilizers before blooming, and sprays the strawberry plant once according to working concentration with 50 kilograms of Gao Legao nitrogen type foliage fertilizers simultaneously.Strawberry Sheng phase of yielding positive results sprays once " Gu letter " shitosan foliage fertilizer, according to 50 kilograms of every mu of consumptions of working concentration.Fruit expanding period imposes 15 kilograms of composite fertilizers for every mu, sprays the strawberry plant once according to working concentration with 50 kilograms of Gao Legao potassium type foliage fertilizers simultaneously.Spray once later on " solid believe " shitosan foliage fertilizer after each the harvesting, 50 kilograms of every mu of consumptions.
Under the fertilizer amount in said method, the present invention can make strawberry plant stent increase by 30.62% than contrast, and plant height increases by 10.32%, and vane thickness increases 5.56%(table 5).Illustrate that this fertilizer practice can promote the growth of strawberry.
Table 5 the present invention is to the influence of strawberry growth
Handle Stent (cm 2 Plant height (cm) Vane thickness (mm)
The T1(contrast) 624.84 15.31 0.36
T2(the present invention handles) 816.01 16.89 0.38

Claims (6)

1. urge to give birth to the strawberry fertilizing method of upgrading synergy diseases prevention, it is characterized in that: formed with topdressing by base manure, topdress and be divided into soil and plant is topdressed, base manure is by evenly spreading fertilizer over the fields after the part by weight mixing according to 85-90%:8-10%:2-5% of fertilizer, multifunction nutritive active material and composite fertilizer, 1000 kilograms of every mu of consumptions, rotary tillage is 30 centimetres then, and clay fertilizer is mixed; Play high 30 centimetres ridge; Strawberry is transplanted back about 1 month before build canopy, and every mu imposes composite fertilizer 10-15 kilogram, carries out 1 foliage spray with multielement plant nutrition foliage fertilizer simultaneously, 50 kilograms of every mu of consumptions; Every mu imposes composite fertilizer 10-15 kilogram before blooming, and sprays the strawberry plant once with 50 kilograms high nitrogen type foliage fertilizers simultaneously; Strawberry Sheng phase of yielding positive results sprays multielement plant nutrition foliage fertilizer one time, 50 kilograms of every mu of consumptions; Fruit expanding period imposes composite fertilizer 10-15 kilogram for every mu, sprays the strawberry plant once with 50 kilograms high potassium type foliage fertilizers simultaneously; Later on spray multielement plant nutrition foliage fertilizer one time after each the harvesting, 50 kilograms of every mu of consumptions.
2. according to the strawberry fertilizing method of the described short living upgrading synergy diseases prevention of claim 1, it is characterized in that N-P in the described composite fertilizer 2O 5-K 2O=15%-15%-15%; The full N of fertilizer, P, K nutrient content are greater than 5%wt, and the content of organic matter is greater than 45%wt; Multielement plant nutrition foliage fertilizer is to be the foliage fertilizer of carrier with amino acid foliage fertilizer, shitosan or humic acid; N content 〉=23%wt in the high nitrogen type foliage fertilizer, high potassium type foliage fertilizer K 2O content 〉=27%wt, the N of two kinds of foliage fertilizers, P, K total nutrient content 〉=50%wt, total content 〉=2%wt of Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, B, Mo, Ca, Mg and S.
3. according to the strawberry fertilizing method of the described short living upgrading synergy diseases prevention of claim 1, it is characterized in that described multifunction nutritive active material is match many 28 or Shenzhou VI 54.
4. according to the strawberry fertilizing method of the described short living upgrading synergy diseases prevention of claim 1, it is characterized in that described multielement plant nutrition foliage fertilizer is for dripping U.S. foliage fertilizer, amino acid foliage fertilizer or believing the shitosan foliage fertilizer admittedly.
5. according to the strawberry fertilizing method of the described short living upgrading synergy diseases prevention of claim 1, it is characterized in that described high nitrogen type foliage fertilizer is Gao Legao nitrogen type foliage fertilizer.
6. according to the strawberry fertilizing method of the described short living upgrading synergy diseases prevention of claim 1, it is characterized in that described high potassium type foliage fertilizer is Gao Legao potassium type foliage fertilizer.
CN201310157971.2A 2013-04-28 2013-04-28 Strawberry fertilizing method with growth promotion, quality improvement, effect increase and disease prevention functions Expired - Fee Related CN103270840B (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104823633A (en) * 2015-04-15 2015-08-12 娄志 Strawberry cultivation fertilizing method
CN104838860A (en) * 2015-05-20 2015-08-19 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所 Modeled strawberry cultivation technology
CN105532256A (en) * 2016-02-24 2016-05-04 吕强 Disease-prevention strawberry planting technique
CN107371683A (en) * 2017-07-05 2017-11-24 界首市鲜天下家庭农场 A kind of strawberry high-yield planting method

Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102763515A (en) * 2012-08-16 2012-11-07 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 Fertilizing method for promoting production increase and quality improvement of perennial apples

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CN102763515A (en) * 2012-08-16 2012-11-07 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 Fertilizing method for promoting production increase and quality improvement of perennial apples

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104823633A (en) * 2015-04-15 2015-08-12 娄志 Strawberry cultivation fertilizing method
CN104838860A (en) * 2015-05-20 2015-08-19 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所 Modeled strawberry cultivation technology
CN104838860B (en) * 2015-05-20 2017-03-15 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所 A kind of Fructus Fragariae Ananssae standardized cultivation method
CN105532256A (en) * 2016-02-24 2016-05-04 吕强 Disease-prevention strawberry planting technique
CN107371683A (en) * 2017-07-05 2017-11-24 界首市鲜天下家庭农场 A kind of strawberry high-yield planting method

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