CN103314754B - Sweet potato cultivation method using whole-course chemical control - Google Patents
Sweet potato cultivation method using whole-course chemical control Download PDFInfo
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- CN103314754B CN103314754B CN201310257242.4A CN201310257242A CN103314754B CN 103314754 B CN103314754 B CN 103314754B CN 201310257242 A CN201310257242 A CN 201310257242A CN 103314754 B CN103314754 B CN 103314754B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a sweet potato cultivation method using whole-course chemical control and belongs to the technical field of sweet potato cultivation. The method includes: soaking sweet potato seedlings in liquor of routing powder No.5 before planting, and using specific water quantity in hole watering; spraying uniconazole solution twice 35-60 days after planting; and spraying DA-6 solution twice 30-40 days before harvesting. Early root promotion, fast growth mid-control and later-period aging delaying embody the concept of chemical control for the whole growth course of sweet potato. The method has the advantages that the yield of sweet potato cultivated by the method is increased by 16%, and the quality (size and uniformity) is improved evidently; the cultivation method has few steps and requires little labor; the consumption of various plant grow regulators is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the omnidistance Chemical Control cultivation method of a kind of sweet potato, belong to sweet potato cultivation technical field.
Background technology
Sweet Potato For High. yield Production, stable yields, wide adaptability, be China the 4th generalized grain crop, is also important raw materials of food processing simultaneously; Its output accounts for the more than 80% of Gross World Product.In northern China potato district, sweet potato cultivation technology ubiquity following problems: 1. at the beginning of by the end of May to 6 of wheat harvest after finishing month, summer potato starts to plant, and usually runs into arid problem.Sweet potato seedling is tender tissue, suffers easily to wither after drought stress withered, and the formation of adventive root is obstructed.2. enter 7-8 month, with the continuous improvement of sweet potato fertilizer application condition and the increase of rainfall, occurred the prosperous length of overground part and caused the phenomenon of production declining.3. in the growth of sweet potato later stage,, before results in October, owing to being subject to kind physiological property and climatic influences, sweet potato late growth stage is old and feeble to be accelerated, and dry-matter accumulation is limited, and photoassimilates transfer efficiency reduces.Due to the increase of rural laborer's shortage and agriculture production cost, therefore the Chemical Control means that adopt address the above problem more at present simultaneously.
Although it is a lot of to be applied to plant growth regulating substance and the Chemical Control means of sweet potato, as the large-area applications aborning such as mepiquat chloride, paclobutrazol, jasmonic, salicylic acid, brassinosteroid, Choline Chloride, strong Feng An, but still face a lot of problems.First, current chemical control technology is mainly the production problem that solves a certain vegetative stage, and measure is relative with object single, and technical standard disunity is often difficult to reach significant effect of increasing production.Secondly, sweet potato is vegetative propagation and indeterminate growth habit, and the chemical regulation of sweet potato is different to other field crops, has its particularity.Again, along with the development of sweet potato deep processing industry, the commodity of the potato piece to sweet potato (potato piece smooth surface, potato type are consistent, size evenly) has had requirements at the higher level.All to Chemical Control, the application on sweet potato has proposed new challenge to these problems.
Patent CN102030586A discloses a kind of foliage fertilizer for sweet potatoes and using method, comprises " caproic acid diethylin ethanol ester (DA-6) 0.001-0.002% and uniconazole P 0.01-0.02% " in described foliage fertilizer for sweet potatoes.Its using method has finally reached for " transplant latter 35 days (piece root expands the initial stage) and carry out foliage-spray, and 30-45 days (growing the later stage) carries out foliage-spray before results, every mu uses foliage fertilizer for sweet potatoes " object that promotes sweet potato volume increase.But the cultivation method of the disclosed sweet potato of this patent, in expanding initial stage and the growth foliage fertilizer that sprays of later stage, the piece root of growth of sweet potato all contains caproic acid diethylin ethanol ester (DA-6) and the uniconazole P of specific proportioning simultaneously, its weak point is: 1. carry out chemical regulation for two vegetative stages rather than the whole process of growth of sweet potato, do not consider the chemical regulation needs of taking root when potato seedling is planted; 2 its effects are only the output that has improved sweet potato, do not improve sweet potato commodity---epidermis, potato type, big or small uniformity coefficient.
summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of omnidistance Chemical Control cultivation method of sweet potato that can improve yield of sweet potato and can guarantee again sweet potato commodity.
Technical scheme of the present invention:
The omnidistance Chemical Control cultivation method of a kind of sweet potato, comprises the steps:
(1) No. 5 liquids of root-inducing powder that sweet potato seedling was 500ppm by concentration before planting soak 3-5min, and three joints of sweet potato seedling base portion are positioned at below liquid liquid level, and the nest water yield of watering while planting is 300-500ml;
(2) plant rear 35-60 days, the uniconazole P solution 30kg/ mu that spraying concentration is 80-110ppm, 2 times, sprayed once every 5 days;
(3) 30-40 days before results, the DA-6 solution 30kg/ mu that spraying concentration is 8-15ppm, 2 times, sprayed once every 3 days.
Above-mentioned cultivation method, in the time of preparation DA-6 solution, preferably adds urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and the mass concentration of urea is 0.5%, and the mass concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 0.3%.
The method, according to the growth characteristic of sweet potato, is used uniconazole P solution and DA-6 solution separately respectively: 35-60 days after sweet potato seedling is planted, the uniconazole P solution that spraying concentration is 80-110ppm; Caproic acid diethylin ethanol ester (DA-6) solution that while gathering in the crops before the 30th day, spraying concentration is 8-15ppm; And soak sweet potato seedling to inspire root with No. 5 solution of root-inducing powder before planting; In order to prevent that root system from too much causing the many still little and big or small inhomogeneous problems of build of sweet potato quantity, the concentration limits of No. 5 liquids of root-inducing powder is decided to be to 500ppm in the present invention and the nest water yield is specifically watered in cooperation.
The present invention is under existing rich water quality management condition, adopts number of chemical control measure---" inspire early stage root, mid-term control prosperous length, later stage slow old and feeble ", embody the theory of growth of sweet potato overall process being carried out to chemical regulation.In this process, give full play to the characteristic effect of each plant growth regulators: early stage, ABT root-inducing powder dipped in root promotion sweet potato seedling root of hair, not only being conducive to root system deeply pricks, pricks more, pricks soon, and make that the white root of sweet potato seedling is many, improving activity of root system is high, it is fast to return seedling, also help and alleviate the coerce impact of Drought at seedling stage on crop, promoted the growth of overground part simultaneously; Mid-term, the page sprayed the prosperous length of uniconazole P control, was conducive to the relation on top and underground part in phase, promoted the formation of piece root and expanded, and laid the foundation for output forms; Later stage foliage-spray DA-6 Delaying Leaf-Senescence, the extension function leaf life-span, increase greenery area, improve photosynthetic efficiency, increase the accumulation of photosynthetic product, promote assimilation substance to transport to piece root; Simultaneously by cooperatively interacting between three plant growth regulators, thereby realize the object that can improve yield of sweet potato and can guarantee again sweet potato quality.
Beneficial effect:
1. step is simple, use labour is few;
2. the consumption of each plant growth regulators (No. 5, uniconazole P, DA-6 and root-inducing powder) is few;
3. realized the dual purpose that improves sweet potato quality (build large and the big or small uniformity) when improving yield of sweet potato;
4. every mu of sweet potato is increased production more than 10%.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1-6
Table 1
| ? | Root-inducing powder liquor strength | Uniconazole P solution | DA-6 solution |
| Embodiment 1 | 500ppm | 80ppm | 8ppm |
| Embodiment 2 | 500ppm | 80ppm | 15ppm |
| Embodiment 3 | 500ppm | 80ppm | 12ppm |
| Embodiment 4 | 500ppm | 110ppm | 12ppm |
| Embodiment 5 | 500ppm | 110ppm | 8ppm |
| Embodiment 6 | 500ppm | 110ppm | 15ppm |
; Prepare root-inducing powder liquid, uniconazole P solution, the DA-6 solution of variable concentrations according to table 1;
Sweet potato seedling is with No. 5 liquids immersions minute of root-inducing powder before planting, and three joints of sweet potato seedling base portion are positioned at below liquid liquid level; The nest water yield of watering while planting is 300-500ml;
Plant latter 35 days, spray uniconazole P solution 30kg/ mu; Sprayed again once every 5 days;
While gathering in the crops before the 30th day, spray DA-6 solution 30kg/ mu, sprayed once every 3 days.
experiment in cultivation
Test one, sweet potato variety is No. 21, Ji potato, is starch and edible dual-purpose type kind.
Within 2010, carrying out in the tested field of crop, academy of agricultural sciences of Shandong Province, is experimental field light loam, and soil fertility is medium, the soil organic matter 1.83%, hydrolyzable nitrogen 112.5 mgkg
-1, rapid available phosphorus 56.7mgkg
-1, available potassium 98 mgkg
-1, every mu of 250 kilograms of chicken manures that become thoroughly decomposed for ground before ridging, and spread fertilizer over the fields 15 kilograms of compound potassium sulfate fertilizers (15-15-15), with mechanical ridging after rotovator rotary tillage, ridge is high 25 centimetres, 85 centimetres of row spacings, and June 10 planted, and gather in the crops October 16.In above-mentioned experimental field, cook up seven areas and be the experimental field of 0.5 mu, be respectively A field, B1 field, B2 field, B3 field, B4 field, B5 field, B6 field.
The cultivation method that A field adopts:
Sweet potato seedling, from tiltedly cutting from seedbed 5 centimeters, is planted horizontal by miter angle, and watering the nest water yield is 500ml, after transplanting, within the 35th day, carries out Foliar Spraying (spraying once), and every mu uses foliage fertilizer for sweet potatoes 250ml, after 60 times of liquid, sprays; Within first 30 days, carry out Foliar Spraying (spraying once) at sweet potato rewarding, use foliage fertilizer for sweet potatoes 250ml for every mu, after 60 times of liquid, spray.The foliage fertilizer using in cultivation process is the disclosed foliage fertilizer for sweet potatoes of patent CN102030586A: urea 30%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 6%, magnesium sulfate 6%, ferrous sulfate 3%, copper sulphate 3%, zinc sulphate 3%, manganese sulphate 3%; DA-6 0.0015%, uniconazole P 0.015%; Surplus is deionized water.
B1-B6 field adopts the cultivation method of embodiment 1-6.Other cultivation management methods, the kind that applies inorganic fertilizer are identical with A field with applying method.
The survival rate of statistics sweet potato and the results quantity of sweet potato and commodity (build size, big or small uniformity coefficient) must tables 2;
The help average weight of potato 21 survival rates, output and every sweet potato of table 2
; The sweet potato that table 2 explanation adopts method of the present invention to cultivate, its output significantly improves average volume increase 16.3%, and the build of sweet potato enlarges markedly, average every sweet potato weightening finish 15%.
The distribution of weight of the sweet potato that A field, B1-6 field gather in the crops, as table 3:
Table 3 potato piece distribution of weight
Table 3 illustrates, the sweet potato that adopts method of the present invention to cultivate, and its size evenly, meets the requirement of industrialization processing more.
Test 2,2010 years at land for growing field crops, Zhang Xia town, Pingyin No. 23, potato of Ji (starch type kind), adopt cultivation method, fertilizing method, the management method of embodiment 1-6, output and the quality of the sweet potato after survival rate and the results of statistics sweet potato seedling, as table 4;
Table 4 help potato shoot survival percent, output and the big-and-middle potato rate of No. 23, potato
Table 2 and table 4 illustrate, method of the present invention possesses general usability, is used in multiple sweet potato variety, and having solved current chemical control technology is mainly to solve a certain vegetative stage or emergent production problem, measure single problem relative to object.
Claims (2)
1. the omnidistance Chemical Control cultivation method of sweet potato, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) No. 5 liquids of root-inducing powder that sweet potato seedling was 500ppm by concentration before planting soak 3-5min, and three joints of sweet potato seedling base portion are positioned at below liquid liquid level, and the nest water yield of watering while planting is 300-500ml;
(2) plant rear 35-60 days, the uniconazole P solution 30kg/ mu that spraying concentration is 80-110ppm, 2 times, sprayed once every 5 days;
(3) 30-40 days before results, the DA-6 solution 30kg/ mu that spraying concentration is 8-15ppm, 2 times, sprayed once every 3 days.
2. cultivation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in the time of preparation DA-6 solution, adds urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and the mass concentration of urea is 0.5%, and the mass concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 0.3%.
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| WO2016007985A1 (en) * | 2014-07-15 | 2016-01-21 | Simplot Australia Pty Ltd | Methods to increase tuber yield |
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| CN104145641B (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2016-12-07 | 江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所 | A kind of improve sweet potato used as leaf vegetable inductivity and the method for orthostatic in booth in winter |
| CN104521506A (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2015-04-22 | 泰安市农业科学研究院 | High-quality and high-efficient cultivation technology for dry-land sweet potatoes |
| CN105557362B (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2018-02-13 | 河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所 | A kind of preparation method of sweet potato potted landscape |
| CN110073909A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-08-02 | 绵阳师范学院 | A kind of implantation methods improving campanulaceae yield and content of drug effect components |
| CN110720368A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-01-24 | 山西省农业科学院高粱研究所 | Preservation method of sweet potato seedlings after long-distance transportation |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101611697A (en) * | 2009-07-13 | 2009-12-30 | 周玉玲 | Sweet potato merchant 19 detoxifying fast breeding technique and cultivation material |
| CN101911937A (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2010-12-15 | 山东省农业科学院作物研究所 | Plant growth regulator special for sweet potatoes and application thereof |
| CN102030586A (en) * | 2010-10-26 | 2011-04-27 | 山东省农业科学院 | Foliage fertilizer for sweet potatoes and use method thereof |
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| WO2016007985A1 (en) * | 2014-07-15 | 2016-01-21 | Simplot Australia Pty Ltd | Methods to increase tuber yield |
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