Grain seed rotary tillage ferti-seeding machine
Technical field
The invention belongs to the farm machinery technical field, relate to a kind of grain seed rotary tillage ferti-seeding machine, especially a kind of air-sucking type grain seed rotary tillage ferti-seeding machine.
Background technology
Sower in the current domestic agricultural production is divided into corn, wheat, soybean, cotton, peanut and vegetable-seed planter etc. according to sowing, and is of a great variety, still do not have a versatility sower that is adapted to various seeds.The planting density portion that each plant species requires is different, even also different because of the planting density of its kind demands of different with a kind of crops.Experience shows, requires plantation can cause the underproduction significantly not according to the kind of crop, and seed is not only wasted in traditional in addition extensive style plantation, and needs thinning, increases peasant's labour intensity and agriculture production cost.Along with the popularization of agricultural mechanization, the air inhaling type fine sowing machine is with the effect of its Precision Seeding and do not need advantages such as thinning replacing other sower.
Granted publication number is that the Chinese invention patent of CN100566544C discloses a kind of no-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine; " comprise frame, rack-mounted seed-box, fertilizer can, hitch frame, the gearbox that can link to each other; drive enough devices and the packers that are positioned at the below for two that are installed in the frame bottom; packer is two pluckings, middle thin cylindrical, by two end faces be fixed on that crooked grizzly bar constitutes between two end faces with the power take-off of tractor.”。This patent can not solve the above-mentioned problem that is suitable for various crops precision drilling.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of grain seed rotary tillage ferti-seeding machine; Can broadcast the crop seeds of various line-spacings, spacing in the rows and density; Be suitable for the sowing of various graininess seeds, dark loose rotary tillage and fertilising; Realize one-machine-multi-function, improved the efficient of cultivating of crops, reduced agriculture production cost and labour intensity.
Grain seed rotary tillage ferti-seeding machine of the present invention comprises frame, power input shaft, gearbox, hitch frame, kind hopper, fertilizer can, seed opener, rotary blade, dark pine fertilising shovel and press wheel.Kind of hopper, fertilizer can are installed in the top of frame, and fertilizer can is connected with the fertilising pipe through fertilizer applicator, and the outlet of fertilising pipe is positioned at the rear portion that dark pine is applied fertilizer and shovels.Plant hopper and be connected with seed transport tube with the seed collection bucket through seeding unit, the lower end of seed transport tube is connected with the bottom of seed opener.Seed opener, execute the bottom that cultivated cutter, dark pine fertilising shovel and press wheel are positioned at frame, the power conveying axis is connected with rotary ploughing cutter shaft through gearbox, and the whirlwind cutter is installed on the rotary tillage shaft.Dark pine fertilising shovel is installed on the frame, and press wheel is through the rear portion of cantilever with suppression wheel shaft fitting machine frame.The rotary tillage ferti-seeding machine is provided with centrifugal blower, and centrifugal blower is provided with impeller, blower fan axle, air outlet and inlet scoop, and the power conveying axis is connected with the blower fan axle through gearbox.Seeding unit is a cylinder mode, comprises closing wind pipe and seeding unit urceolus, closes wind pipe and seeding unit urceolus and cooperates installation.Close the wind pipe and be provided with fan-shaped air draught district, the seeding unit urceolus is provided with suction hole, and suction hole is corresponding with fan-shaped air draught district.Closing the wind pipe is connected with the inlet scoop of centrifugal blower through bend pipe, pneumatic conveyer.
The seeding unit urceolus of seeding unit is rotatable parts, and the wind pipe that closes that is provided with fan-shaped air draught district is a static device.The seeding unit of seeding unit rotates around its axle center under the driving of press wheel.The seeding unit urceolus is a field-replaceable unit with closing the wind pipe, and the seeding unit urceolus is provided with 1~50 row's suction hole, and every row is provided with 1~100 suction hole, and the aperture of suction hole and spacing are confirmed according to the kind and the specification of seed.The fan-shaped air draught district that closes the wind pipe is corresponding with suction hole.Dark pine fertilising shovel is installed in the rear portion of rotary blade, the bottom of frame, and the lower end of fertilising pipe links to each other with the rear lower of deep ploughing fertilizer shovel.
Be provided with A bevel gear, B bevel gear, A accelerating gear and B accelerating gear in the gearbox.The B bevel gear is connected with the power input shaft axle, B bevel gear and the engagement of A bevel gear, and the A bevel gear is connected with the A accelerating gear is coaxial, A accelerating gear and the engagement of B accelerating gear, the B accelerating gear is connected with the blower fan axle is coaxial.
Be provided with A reduction gearing, B reduction gearing and C reduction gearing in the gearbox, and engagement successively, the C reduction gearing is connected with the whirlwind cutter shaft is coaxial.A reduction gearing and the engagement of A bevel gear, A bevel gear and the engagement of B bevel gear, the B bevel gear is connected with the power input shaft axle.
The suppression wheel shaft is provided with the suppression sprocket wheel, suppression sprocket wheel and the engagement of gap bridge drive sprocket, and the gap bridge drive sprocket is connected seeding unit sprocket wheel and fertilizer applicator sprocket engagement through intermediate propeller shaft with chimes device sprocket gear.
The suppression sprocket wheel is connected to intermediate propeller shaft through walking driving chain gear, and intermediate propeller shaft is connected to the fertilising power transmission shaft through fertilising rotating link chain gear.The suppression drive is connected to the gap bridge drive sprocket through walking driving chain gear, and the gap bridge drive sprocket is connected to the seeding unit sprocket wheel through the sowing driving chain, and the seeding unit sprocket wheel is coaxial with the seeding unit urceolus.
Grain seed rotary tillage ferti-seeding machine of the present invention is according to the granularity and the requirement of sowing line-spacing of broadcasting grain seed; Can make the seeding unit urceolus in advance and close the wind pipe; The diameter of the suction hole of various seeding unit urceolus is different with the transverse holes spacing, and the various wind pipes that close are different with the corresponding fan-shaped air draught of suction hole district.Through changing the seeding unit urceolus that adapts with the seed degree of sowing and closing the wind pipe, can realize broadcasting the purpose of the seed of different grain size, different spacings.
Grain seed rotary tillage ferti-seeding machine of the present invention; When suction hole rotated to the fan-shaped air draught district that closes airduct, because the suction function of centrifugal blower, seed was attracted to the suction hole place of the outer cylinder of seeding unit; With outer cylinder rotation; When seed rotate inhale kind of district after, close airduct and will close the negative pressure air draught, the seed that is adsorbed on the outer cylinder surface of seeding unit under action of gravity outside the disengaging seeding unit cylinder fall into the seed collection bucket; Fall in the seed furrow that seed opener leaves along discharging tube, realize smart amount, the even purpose of sowing.Through adjusting the big or small of suction hole or changing the seeding unit urceolus and close the wind pipe, adapt to the sowing of various crops or same crops different cultivars plant.Rotary blade unscrews the soil of compacting soft, with agricultural crop straw, weeds and the worm's ovum etc. of soil surface smash and and earth mixture, soil is carried out rotary tillage.Fertilizer flows to the soil ditch bottom that the deep soil loosing shovel shovel is opened through the fertilising pipe in the fertilizer can, realizes the purpose that deep placement is fertile.The present invention is applicable to the precision drilling of various graininess seeds, dark loose rotary tillage and subsoil application, one-machine-multi-function; Optimized the serviceability of farm machinery, saved crop seeds, back thinning work need not to emerge; Improve crops and cultivated efficient, reduced agriculture production cost and labour intensity.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a grain seed rotary tillage ferti-seeding machine structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the end view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the seeding unit structural representation;
Fig. 4 is a centrifugal blower transmission system sketch map;
Fig. 5 is a rotary blade transmission system sketch map;
Fig. 6 is the end view of seeding unit;
Fig. 7 is chimes, fertilising and suppression transmission system sketch map.
Wherein:
1-centrifugal blower; 2-power input shaft; 3-frame; 4-gearbox; 5-rotary blade; 6-rotary ploughing cutter shaft; 7-dark pine fertilising shovel; 8-seed opener; 9-press wheel; 10-walking driving chain; 11-sowing driving chain; 12-fertilising driving chain; 13-fertilizer applicator; 14-kind of hopper; 15-fertilizer can; 16-pneumatic conveyer; 17-fertilising power transmission shaft; 18-seed; 19-seeding unit urceolus; 20-fan-shaped air draught district; 21-seed collection bucket; 22-seed transport tube; 23-fertilising pipe; 24-A bevel gear; 25-B bevel gear; 26-A accelerating gear; 27-B accelerating gear; 28-blower fan axle; 29-inlet scoop; 30-impeller; 31-suppression wheel shaft; 32-suppression sprocket wheel; 33-gap bridge drive sprocket; 34-intermediate propeller shaft; 35-seeding unit sprocket wheel; 36-fertilizer applicator sprocket wheel; The suspension of 37-complete machine; 39-seeding unit rigid bearing; 40-bend pipe; 41-suction hole; 42-seeding unit; 43-rotary blade working region; 44-A accelerating gear; 45-B reduction gearing; 46-C reduction gearing; 47-close the wind pipe.
Embodiment
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
This grain seed of the present invention rotary tillage ferti-seeding machine; Like Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2, comprise frame 3, complete machine suspension 37, centrifugal blower 1, power input shaft 2, gearbox 4, hitch frame 37, plant hopper 14, fertilizer can 15, seed opener 8, rotary blade 5, dark pine fertilising shovel 7 and press wheel 9.Kind of hopper, fertilizer can are installed in the top of frame, and fertilizer can 14 is connected with fertilising pipe 23 through fertilizer applicator 13, and the outlet of fertilising pipe is positioned at dark pine and applies fertilizer and shovel 7 rear portion.Plant hopper and be connected with seed transport tube 22 with seed collection bucket 21 through seeding unit 42, the lower end of seed transport tube is connected with the bottom of seed opener.Seed opener, execute the bottom that cultivated cutter, dark pine fertilising shovel and press wheel are positioned at frame, the power conveying axis is connected with rotary ploughing cutter shaft 6 through gearbox 4, and the whirlwind cutter is installed on the rotary tillage shaft, and the power conveying axis is connected with the power section of tractor.Dark pine fertilising shovel 7 is installed in the rear portion of rotary blade, the bottom of frame 3, and the lower end of fertilising pipe 23 links to each other with the rear lower of deep ploughing fertilizer shovel.Press wheel is installed the rear portion of frame 3 through cantilever and suppression wheel shaft 31.Like Fig. 3, shown in Figure 6, seeding unit 42 is a cylinder mode, comprises closing wind pipe 47 and seeding unit urceolus 19, closes wind pipe 47 and cooperates installation with seeding unit urceolus 19.Close wind pipe 47 and be provided with fan-shaped air draught district 20, seeding unit urceolus 19 is provided with suction hole 41, and fan-shaped air draught district is corresponding with suction hole.The seeding unit urceolus 19 of seeding unit 42 is rotatable parts, and the wind pipe 47 that closes that is provided with fan-shaped air draught district 20 is static device, and seeding unit rotates around its axle center under the driving of press wheel.Seeding unit urceolus 19 is a field-replaceable unit with closing wind pipe 47, and the seeding unit urceolus is provided with 3 row's suction holes 41, and every row is provided with 20 suction holes 41, is used to sow corn.The fan-shaped air draught district that closes the wind pipe is corresponding with suction hole.As shown in Figure 4, centrifugal blower is provided with impeller 30, blower fan axle 28, air outlet and inlet scoop 29, and power conveying axis 2 is connected with the blower fan axle through gearbox.Closing the wind pipe send pipe 16 to be connected with the inlet scoop 29 of centrifugal blower through bend pipe 40, wind-force.Be provided with A bevel gear 24, B bevel gear 25, A accelerating gear 26 and B accelerating gear 27 in the gearbox 4, the B bevel gear is connected with 2 of power input shafts.B bevel gear and the engagement of A bevel gear, the A bevel gear is connected with the A accelerating gear is coaxial, A accelerating gear and the engagement of B accelerating gear, B accelerating gear and 28 coaxial connections of blower fan axle.As shown in Figure 5, be provided with A reduction gearing 44, B reduction gearing 45 and C reduction gearing 46 in the gearbox 4, and engagement successively, C reduction gearing and 6 coaxial connections of whirlwind cutter shaft.A reduction gearing and 24 engagements of A bevel gear, A bevel gear and the engagement of B bevel gear, the B bevel gear is connected with 2 of power input shafts.As shown in Figure 7, suppression wheel shaft 31 is provided with suppression sprocket wheel 32, suppression sprocket wheel and 33 engagements of gap bridge drive sprocket, and the gap bridge drive sprocket is connected with chimes device sprocket gear through intermediate propeller shaft 34, seeding unit sprocket wheel 35 and 36 engagements of fertilizer applicator sprocket wheel.Suppression sprocket wheel 32 is connected to fertilizer applicator sprocket wheel 36 through walking driving chain 10 gears, and the fertilizer applicator sprocket wheel is connected to fertilising power transmission shaft 17 through fertilising rotating link chain 12 gears.Suppression drive 32 is connected to gap bridge drive sprocket 33 through walking driving chain 10 gears, and the gap bridge drive sprocket is connected to seeding unit sprocket wheel 35 through sowing driving chain 11, and the seeding unit sprocket wheel is coaxial with seeding unit urceolus 19.
Each item function of grain seed rotary tillage ferti-seeding machine of the present invention is:
1, deep placement is fertile: chemical fertilizer is contained in the fertilizer can 15; Press wheel 9 is along with the complete machine walking is rotated during sowing; Driving walking driving-chain 10, fertilising driving-chain 12 and fertilising power transmission shaft 17 through the suppression sprocket wheel 32 that is installed in a side rotates; Drive fertilizer applicator 13 and rotate, the fertilizer in the fertilizer can 15 flows into fertilising pipe 23 according to setting flow.Fertilising pipe bottom is installed in the bottom behind the dark pine fertilising shovel 7, and fertilizer flows into the soil ditch bottom that dark pine fertilising shovel 23 shovels are opened through the fertilising pipe, accomplishes the fertile task of deep placement.
2, the dark pine of soil: when dark pine fertilising shovel 7 advances with frame soil is left zanjon one, accomplish the fertile work of deep placement when carrying out soil subsoiling.
3, the rotary tillage of soil: tractor motive power output shaft drives power input shaft 2 rotations of this machine; Drive B bevel gear 25 in the gearbox 4,24 rotations of A bevel gear; And driving rotary ploughing cutter shaft 6 rotations, the rotary blade 5 on the rotary ploughing cutter shaft 6 contacts and cuts with soil, unscrews the soil of compacting soft; With the agricultural crop straw of soil surface, weeds, worm's ovum etc. smash and and earth mixture, realize the purpose of soil rotary tillage.
4, grain seed sowing: seed is contained in kind of the hopper 14; During seeding operation, when the tractor-drawn sower advanced, press wheel 9 began rotation; Suppression sprocket wheel 32 rotates thereupon, drives outer cylinder 19 rotations of walking driving chain 10, gap bridge drive sprocket 33, seeder sprocket wheel 35 and seeding unit.Along with outer cylinder 19 rotations of seeding unit; The seeds that contacts with the outer cylinder of seeding unit 19 surfaces in kind of the hopper 14 can be arranged in the surperficial fan-shaped air draught district 20 of cylinder outside the seeding unit 19; Be adsorbed on seeding unit outer cylinder 19 surfaces and with its rotation; After rotating to seeding unit 42 lower areas because the negative pressure airs in the outer cylinder 19 of seeding unit are installed in the deep beads blocking-up in the outer cylinder 19 of seeding unit, the seed that is adsorbed on the outer cylinder of seeding unit 19 surfaces under action of gravity outside the disengaging seeding unit cylinder 19 fall into seed collection bucket 21; Fall into 8 of seed openers along seed transport tube 22 and open in the seed furrow of soil, realize smart amount, evenly sowing.
5, the generation of the negative pressure wind in the outer cylinder of seeding unit: tractor motive power output shaft drives power input shaft 2 rotations of sower; Drive B bevel gear 25 in the gearbox 4, bevel gear 24 rotations; The accelerating gear 26 that is contained on the same axle with bevel gear 24 drives accelerating gear 27 rotations, and accelerating gear 27 drives 28 rotations of blower fan axle.Be installed in draught fan impeller 30 high speed rotating immediately on the blower fan axle 28; Produce centrifugal blast; Make negative pressure wind be inhaled in the blower fan from blower fan inlet scoop 29; The wind pipe 47 that closes that does not rotate and be provided with fan-shaped air draught district 20 in the inlet scoop 29 of blower fan and the seeding unit connects through aspiration channel 16, and there is negative pressure wind in the fan-shaped air draught district 20 that makes the outer cylinder 19 of seeding unit when inhaling kind of district, and seed 18 gets in the seeding unit through suction hole from kind of hopper.Owing to suction function, seed is attracted to the fan-shaped air draught district 20 of the outer cylinder 19 of seeding unit, and rotates suction kind of district with outer cylinder 19.Negative pressure wind quickens to discharge from fan outlet through draught fan impeller.
6, earth pack after planting: after planting need suppress, seed closely contacts with soil, and seed just can be emerged.Along with complete machine advances under tractor-drawn; There are 9 pairs of soil after planting of press wheel of constant weight to carry out compacting; Through regulate the suppression governor motion can regulate press wheel 9 to the earth pack dynamics; Suppression governor motion bottom is connected with the press wheel cantilever, through regulating suppression cantilever and frame angle, can regulate the suppression power of press wheel to soil.
It is multi-functional that grain seed rotary tillage ferti-seeding machine of the present invention integrates that the seed category of high-efficient homework, precision drilling, adaptation sowing is wide, suppression is loosened the soil, sowed in subsoil application, soil subsoiling, soil rotary tillage etc., is the multifunctional agriculture seeding machinery.