CN102690326A - 具有抗艾滋病毒活性的棉酚新衍生物及其制备 - Google Patents
具有抗艾滋病毒活性的棉酚新衍生物及其制备 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了具有抗艾滋病毒活性的棉酚新衍生物及其制备方法。本发明的棉酚新衍生物,具体包括棉酚二肽偶联物、棉酚三肽偶联物和棉酚氨基葡萄糖偶联物。制备方法:取二肽、三肽或D-氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐分别与碱溶解于有机溶剂,再将棉酚有机溶液加入,控制pH=7.0-7.5,氮气保护,在25℃-30℃下搅拌反应6-24h,反应液用无水硫酸钠干燥,收集滤液,减压蒸去有机溶剂,35℃真空干燥制得。本发明的棉酚新衍生物对HIV-1IIIB标准株均显示较强的抑制活性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于药物化学领域,涉及具有抗艾滋病毒活性的棉酚新衍生物及其制备。
背景技术
近几年抗艾滋病药物研究已从植物中发现一些生物碱类,黄酮类,香豆素类,木脂素类,多糖类,萜类和多酚等有效单体,具有新的作用机制并作用于新靶点,为防治艾滋病带来新的希望,提示从天然产物中寻找抗艾滋病毒先导化合物是一条重要且有效的途径。
棉酚是锦葵科植物棉花的根、茎和种子所含的一种黄色多元酚类有毒化合物,是一个具有手性的阻旋型旋光异构体,近几十年来,世界各国对棉酚及其衍生物的应用展开了广泛的研究,逐渐发现除了抗生育作用外,棉酚及其衍生物还具有诱导凋亡、免疫调节、抗癌、酶抑制剂和抗病毒等多种生物活性。由于棉酚结构特殊,对多种病毒有抑制或杀灭作用(包括对艾滋病毒,疱疹病毒,流感病毒等被膜病毒显示有较强的抑制作用)。目前,棉酚及其类似物作为非肽类小分子BCL-2抑制剂的设计和合成已成为研究的热点,但很少有关于其抗病毒研究报道。从结构上看,棉酚是一个集醛基和多个酚羟基于一体的天然化合物。6、7或6’、7’酚羟基是抗病毒活性所必需的,若酚羟基被取代,则抗病毒活性降低或丧失;棉酚的甲酰基不是抗病毒的必需基团,反倒与其细胞毒性有关。
因此,为降低棉酚毒性并改善其抗病毒活性,我们也曾用一些脂肪胺,芳胺或肼等化合物修饰棉酚甲酰基,而制备了一系列棉酚希夫碱衍生物,但这些化合物仍显示有较强的细胞毒性,也不能增强其抗艾滋病毒活性;而我们用二肽、三肽或氨基葡萄糖等亲水性基团修饰棉酚,不仅增大其亲水性,降低其毒性,而且进一步增强了棉酚抗HIV-1病毒活性,是改造抗病毒棉酚的新思路,至今还无相关研究报道。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足,本发明通过拟用二肽、三肽或氨基糖等亲水基团修饰棉酚,寻找到一种抗病毒活性更强、毒性更小的棉酚新衍生物及其制备方法。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明采用如下技术方案。
首先,本发明提供一种具有抗艾滋病病毒活性的棉酚新衍生物,结构通式如下:
其次,本发明还提供上述具有抗艾滋病病毒活性的棉酚新衍生物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
取二肽、三肽或D-氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐与碱溶解于有机溶剂,再将棉酚有机溶液加入,控制pH=7.0-7.5,氮气保护,在25℃-30℃下搅拌反应6-24h,反应液用无水硫酸钠干燥,收集滤液,减压蒸去有机溶剂,35℃真空干燥制得。
本制备方法的反应式如下:
上述制备方法中,所述的棉酚与所述的二肽、三肽或D-氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐摩尔比为1:2。
所述的二肽、三肽或D-氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐与碱摩尔比为1:1~2。
所述的有机溶剂包括无水乙醇或甲醇。
所述的碱为氢氧化钠。
本发明对制备的棉酚新衍生物,包括棉酚二肽偶联物、棉酚三肽偶联物和棉酚氨基葡萄糖偶联物,进行抗HIV-1研究。实验结果表明本发明所提供的棉酚新衍生物细胞毒性大大降低,而且在体外对HIV-1IIIB标准株均显示较强的抑制活性,为抗病毒棉酚改造提供了新的思路,可作为先导化合物开展进一步研究,所以本发明的棉酚新衍生物可作为抗艾滋病毒药物有效成分。
本发明还公开了上述棉酚新衍生物在制备抗艾滋病毒药物中的应用。
具体实施方式
为了更好理解本发明,下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步的说明。
实施例1 棉酚新衍生物的制备
1.1棉酚-D-氨基葡萄糖希夫碱(化合物1)的制备
称取83.2mg(3.857×10-4mol)D-氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐与15.4mg氢氧化钠混合于10mL无水乙醇中,室温搅拌30min,得无色透明澄清液。称取100mg(1.928×10-4mol)棉酚溶解于10mL无水乙醇后,将其加入到上述反应液中,氮气保护,35℃搅拌6h,反应液为橙红色澄清液,加入无水硫酸钠干燥后趁热过滤,收集滤液,减压蒸去有机溶剂,35℃真空干燥,得橙黄色固体150.6mg,收率92.9%。m.p.212-216℃(分解)。υmax(KBr)/cm-:3500-3200(OH,NH),1619(C=C)。 1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ13.1896(2H,d,2×N16-H),9.7048(2H,d,2×=CH-NH),8.4878(2H,s,2×6-OH),7.7589(2H,s,2×18-OH),7.4442(2H,s,2×4-H),5.3526(2H,s,2×23-OH),5.2017(4H,broad s,2×21-OH,2×22-OH),5.0785(2H,d,2×18-H),3.6652-3.3482(12H,m,2×Glu-H),3.1835(2H,sept,2×CH(CH3)2),1.9323(6H,s,2×Ar-CH3),1.4344(12H,d,2×CH(CH3)2)。1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6+D2O)δ9.6866(2H,d,2×=CH-NH),7.4438(2H,s,2×4-H),5.1832(2H,d,2×18-H),3.6644-3.3132(12H,m,2×Glu-H),3.1835(2H,sept,2×CH(CH3)2), 1.8722(6H,s,2×Ar-CH3),1.3698(12H,d,2×CH(CH3)2)。13C-NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ171.9593(C7),162.3969(C11),149.5768(C1),146.3828(C6),131.0172(C3),126.8700(C10),126.2059(C5),120.0529(C4),116.4998(C2),116.0120(C9),103.1450(C8),90.6044(C18),72.3004(C22),71.5499(C21),70.3252(C23),60.7674(C20),55.7574(C17),26.4723(C13),20.3102(C14,C15),20.1543(C12)。ESI-MS(m/z):934.7[M+4Na+2H]+。
1.2.棉酚-丙-甘二肽钠希夫碱(化合物2)
称取100mg(6.845×10-4mol)Ala-Gly与27.4mg氢氧化钠混合于10mL甲醇中,室温搅拌30min。称取177.5mg(3.422×10-4mol)棉酚溶解于10mL甲醇中,将其转移到上述反应液中,氮气保护,30℃搅拌10h,维持pH=7.0-7.5。反应液中加入无水硫酸钠干燥后过滤,收集滤液,减压蒸去有机溶剂,35℃真空干燥,得黄色固体163.1mg,收率58.2%。m.p.210℃(分解)。1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ13.2702(2H,d,2×N16-H),9.6983(2H,d,2×=CH-NH),8.3898(2H,broad s,2×6-OH),8.1827(2H,m,2×N19-H),7.3605(2H,s,2×4-H),4.4452(2H,m,2×20-H),3.6750(2H,m,2×17-H),3.5397(2H,sept,2×CH(CH3)2),1.9473(6H,d,2×17-CH3),1.8841(6H,s,2×Ar-CH3),1.4247(12H,d,2×CH(CH3)2)。13C-NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ177.8820(C7),177.4359(C21),175.0255(C18),157.9823(C11),151.4497(C1),145.2643(C6),132.0330(C3),128.6840(C10),127.1184(C5),121.3668(C4),117.6309(C2),116.2757(C9),103.4103(C8),61.2516(C17),48.2834(C20),26.8479(C13),25.5420(C14,C15),25.2018(C12),23.7551(C22)。ESI-MS(m/z):773.3[M-2Na+H]-。
1.3棉酚-丙-丙二肽钠希夫碱(化合物3)
称取50.0mg(3.122×10-4mol)Ala-Ala与12.5mg氢氧化钠混合于10mL无水乙醇中,室温搅拌30min。称取80.9mg(1.561×10-4mol)棉酚溶解于10mL无水乙醇中,将其转移到上述反应液中,氮气保护,30℃搅拌6h,维持pH=7.0-7.5。反应液中加入无水硫酸钠干燥后过滤,收集滤液,减压蒸去有机溶剂,35℃真空干燥,得棕黄色固体111.4mg,收率84.3%。m.p.237℃(分解)。1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ13.2743(2H,s,2×N16-H),10.0064(2H,s,2×=CH-NH),8.2501(2H,broad s,2×6-OH),8.1609(2H,d,2×N19-H),7.3257(2H,s,2×4-H),4.4312(2H,m,2×20-H),3.9447(2H,m,2×17-H),3.6738(2H,sept,2×CH(CH3)2),1.9384(6H,d,2×20-CH3), 1.8869(6H,s,2×Ar-CH3),1.4259(12H,d,2×CH(CH3)2),1.1897(6H,d,2×17-CH3)。 13C-NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ174.9651(C7),172.5518(C21),169.2470(C18),160.3944(C11),150.9108(C1),146.1267(C6),131.1563(C3),126.7315(C10),126.5257(C5),121.0936(C4),116.4858(C2),116.0166(C9),103.7602(C8),55.9979(C17),49.4534(C20),26.4918(C13),20.3004(C14,C15),20.0538(C12),18.6808(C22),18.5059(C23)。ESI-MS(m/z):824.0[M-Na+H]-。
1.4棉酚-丙-苯丙二肽钠希夫碱(化合物4)
称取100.0mg(4.237×10-4mol)Ala-Phe与17.0mg氢氧化钠混合于10mL乙醇中,室温搅拌30min。称取109.7mg(2.119×10-4mol)棉酚溶解于10mL无水乙醇中,将其转移到上述反应液中,氮气保护,30℃搅拌24h,维持pH=7.0-7.5。反应液中加入无水硫酸钠干燥后过滤,收集滤液,减压蒸去有机溶剂,35℃真空干燥,得黄色粉末183.3mg,收率86.6%。m.p.200℃(分解)。1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ13.1768(2H,s,2×N16-H),9.8977(2H,s,2×=CH-NH),8.4118(2H,broad s,2×6-OH),8.1870(2H,d,2×N19-H),7.4019(2H,s,2×4-H),7.0479(4H,t,2×25-H,2×27-H),6.9959(4H,m,2×24-H,2×28-H),6.9116(2H,t,2×26-H),4.3655(2H,m,2×20-H),4.1789(2H,m,2×17-H),3.6901(2H,sept,2×CH(CH3)2),3.0095(2H,d,2×22a-H),2.7714(2H,d,2×22b-H),1.9433(6H,s,2×Ar-CH3),1.4417(12H,d,2×CH(CH3)2),1.3624(6H,d,2×17-CH3)。13C-NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ175.2311(C7),173.4149(C21),169.3054(C18),160.3966(C11),150.1252(C1),146.1848(C6),138.4853(C23),129.3677(C24,C28),129.2596(C25,C27),127.7315(C26),131.1251(C3),126.6372(C10),125.6573(C5),122.1602(C4),118.6773(C2),116.5517(C9),103.6638(C8),57.3238(C17),55.1120(C20),37.2806(C22),26.4901(C13),20.2914(C14,C15),19.6090(C12),19.5816(C29)。ESI-MS(m/z):953.2[M-2Na+H]-。
1.5棉酚-天门冬-丙二肽钠希夫碱(化合物5)
称取50.0mg(2.451×10-4mol)Asp-Ala与19.6mg氢氧化钠混合于10mL无水乙醇中,室温搅拌30min。称取63.6mg(1.226×10-4mol)棉酚溶解于10mL无水乙醇中,将其转移到上述反应液中,氮气保护,30℃搅拌24h,维持pH=7.0-7.5。反应液中加入无水硫酸钠干燥后过滤,收集滤液,减压蒸去有机溶剂,35℃真空干燥,得黄色粉末108.9mg,收率90.8%。m.p.255℃(分解)。1H-NMR(400MHz, DMSO-d6)δ13.2983(2H,s,2×N16-H),9.883 1(2H,s,2×=CH-NH),8.5003(2H,broad s,2×6-OH),8.3374(2H,d,N19-H),7.3494(2H,s,2×4-H),4.4792(2H,m,2×20-H),3.9668(2H,m,2×17-H),3.6590(2H,sept,CH(CH3)2),2.6711(2H,s,2×23a-H),2.6079(2H,s,2×23b-H),1.9081(6H,s,2×Ar-CH3),1.4091(12H,d,2×CH(CH3)2),1.1654(6H,d,2×20-CH3)。ESI-MS(m/z):886.8[M-4Na]-。
1.6棉酚-甘-甘-甘三肽钠希夫碱(化合物6)
称取100.0mg(5.291×10-4mol)Gly-Gly-Gly与21.2mg氢氧化钠混合于10mL无水乙醇中,室温搅拌30min。称取137.2mg(2.646×10-4mol)棉酚溶解于10mL无水乙醇中,将其转移到上述反应液中,氮气保护,25℃搅拌24h,维持pH=7.0-7.5。反应液中加入无水硫酸钠干燥后过滤,收集滤液,减压蒸去有机溶剂,35℃真空干燥,得棕红色粉末123.7mg,收率51.7%。m.p.201℃(分解)。1H-NMR(400 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ 12.9935(2H,s,2×N16-H),9.9501(2H,s,2×=CH-NH),8.8190(2H,t,2×N19-H),8.4218(2H,broad s,2×6-OH),7.6883(2H,t,2×N22-H),7.3458(2H,s,2×4-H),4.3017(2H,d,2×20-H),3.7871(2H,d,2×23-H),3.7077(2H,m,2×17-H),3.6791(2H,sept,2×CH(CH3)2),1.9421(6H,s,2×Ar-CH3),1.4308(12H,d,2×CH(CH3)2)。ESI-MS(m/z):927.2[M+Na]+
1.7棉酚-丙-丙-丙三肽钠希夫碱(化合物7)
称取100.0mg(4.329×10-4mol)Ala-Ala-Ala与17.3mg氢氧化钠混合于10mL无水乙醇中,室温搅拌30min。称取112.2mg(2.165×10-4mol)棉酚溶解于10mL无水乙醇中,将其转移到上述反应液中,氮气保护,25℃搅拌24h,维持pH=7.0-7.5。反应液中加入无水硫酸钠干燥后过滤,收集滤液,减压蒸去有机溶剂,35℃真空干燥,得棕红色粉末159.2mg,收率74.4%。m.p.233℃(分解)。1H-NMR(400 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ 13.2814(2H,s,2×N16H),9.9811(2H,s,2×=CH-NH),8.7155(2H,d,2×N19H),8.4064(2H,s,2×6-OH),7.7190(2H,d,2×N22H),7.3609(2H,s,2×4-H),4.3606(2H,m,2×20-H),4.2436(2H,m,2×23-H),3.8355(2H,m,2×17-H),3.6803(2H,sept,2×CH(CH3)2),1.9385(6H,s,2×Ar-CH3),1.4989(6H,d,2×20-CH3),1.4301(12H,d,2×CH(CH3)2),1.2282(6H,d,2×23-CH3),1.1751(6H,d,2×17-CH3)。 13C-NMR(100 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ 174.9121(C7),170.6384(C24),172.2762(C21), 170.1312(C18),160.4444(C11),149.2146(C1),146.0314(C6),131.1066(C3),126.8046(C10),126.4187(C5),121.9770(C4),117.0177(C2),116.0765(C9),103.8738(C8),55.9931(C17),49.0865(C20),48.5 153(C23),26.4920(C13),20.2776(C14,C15),20.0402(C12),18.6090(C26),18.5126(C25),17.9255(C27)。ESI-MS(m/z):1011.37[M+Na]+。
实施例2 棉酚新衍生物抗HIV-1作用
2.1实验材料 病毒:HIV-1IIIB实验标准用株,武汉大学病毒学国家重点实验室艾滋病研究中心提供;细胞:TZM-b1细胞,武汉大学病毒学国家重点实验室艾滋病研究中心提供;阳性对照药:T20,武汉大学病毒学国家重点实验室艾滋病研究中心提供。
2.2棉酚新衍生物细胞毒性实验(MTT法)
(1)将TZM-b1细胞株消化后用DMEM完全培养基稀释成2×105个/ml,铺入96孔板,100μl/孔,置37℃ 5%CO2细胞培养箱培养4小时,使细胞充分贴壁;
(2)将受试本发明化合物母液(10mg/ml)用DMSO梯度稀释,终浓度分别为66.66μg/ml,33.33μg/ml、6.66μg/ml、3.33μg/ml、1.33μg/ml、0.27μg/ml和0.05μg/ml,加入96孔版中,每孔1μl。每个浓度设三个平行孔。对照孔同样设三个平行孔,每孔加1μlDMSO。另将阳性对照药做同样处理作为对照;
(3)培养48小时后,去除上清液,单细胞层用灭菌的磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)冲洗三次;
(4)每孔加入100μl的MTT与新鲜培养基混合液(MTT终浓度0.5mg/ml),在37℃孵育4小时,使MTT还原为甲臢;
(5)除去上清液,每孔加100μl三联甲臜溶解液,37℃孵育4小时,使甲臢全部溶解;
(6)以655nm处的光吸收值为背景,在595nm处测定光吸收值。完成上述实验后,按照以下公式计算细胞死亡率:
细胞死亡率(%)=[1-(加化合物细胞OD值/对照细胞OD值)]×100;本发明化合物、阳性对照药的半数毒性浓度(CC50)的计算方法为:以化合物浓度为横坐标,细胞死亡率为纵坐标作图,然后得到50%死亡率时候的化合物浓度,就是CC50,计算结果如表1所示。
2.3棉酚新衍生物抗HIV活性实验
本实验是利用基于TZM-b1细胞的荧光素酶反应,筛选对HIV病毒感染具有抑制活性的化合物。具体实验操作步骤为:感染前24小时,将TZM-b1细胞接种到48孔板中,培养24小时至细胞长到40-80%面积;将做梯度稀释的发明化合物按33.33μg/ml、6.66μg/ml、3.33μg/ml、1.33μg/ml、0.27μg/ml和0.05μg/ml分别与15μL病毒混合,并用DMEM将总体积补至300μL,在37℃孵育30min;将该混合物加入到TZM-b1细胞中,每孔加入DEAE-dextran至终浓度20μg/mL,不加病毒的孔作为阴性对照以便测定发光背景,每孔重复2次,37℃培养48小时;用加样器吸出培养基,PBS缓冲液洗细胞一次,吸出PBS缓冲液,加入20μL1×Luciferase Cell Culture Lysis,室温放置30min,使细胞充分裂解;每孔吸取15μl细胞裂解液与15μL Luciferase底物混匀,检测细胞中荧光素酶的活性。发明化合物的抑制率(%)=[1-(E-N)/(P-N)]×100,其中“E”代表实验组中荧光素酶的活性,“P”代表阳性组中荧光素酶的活性,“N”代表阴性组中荧光素酶的活性。本发明化合物、阳性对照药的半数抑制浓度(IC50)的计算方法为:以化合物浓度为横坐标,抑制率为纵坐标作图,得到50%抑制率时候的化合物浓度,就是IC50.SI为选择性指数,其值为CC50/IC50。上述计算结果见表1。
从表1可知,二肽、三肽和D-氨基葡萄糖修饰棉酚不仅大大降低其细胞毒性,而且也增强其抗病毒活性,新化合物均显示较强的抗HIV-1活性,为我们改造抗病毒棉酚提供了新思路。
表1 棉酚新衍生物抗HIV-1活性
注:—表示未测定。
Claims (7)
2.权利要求1所述的棉酚新衍生物制备方法,其特征在于:
取二肽、三肽或D-氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐与碱溶解于有机溶剂,再将棉酚有机溶液加入,控制pH=7.0-7.5,氮气保护,在25℃-30℃下搅拌反应6-24h,反应液用无水硫酸钠干燥,收集滤液,减压蒸去有机溶剂,35℃真空干燥制得。
3.根据权利要求2所述的棉酚新衍生物制备方法,其特征在于:所述的棉酚与所述的二肽、三肽或D-氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐摩尔比为1:2。
4.权利要求2或3所述的棉酚新衍生物制备方法,其特征在于:所述的二肽、三肽或D-氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐与碱摩尔比为1:1~2。
5.权利要求2或3所述的棉酚新衍生物制备方法,其特征在于: 所述的有机溶剂包括无水乙醇或甲醇。
6.权利要求2或3所述的棉酚新衍生物制备方法,其特征在于:所述的碱为氢氧化钠。
7.权利要求1所述的棉酚新衍生物在抗艾滋病毒药物中的应用。
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CN115745830B (zh) * | 2022-11-14 | 2024-03-29 | 武汉大学人民医院(湖北省人民医院) | 联萘二甲酸衍生物及其制备方法和应用 |
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