CN102669046A - Method for ecologically culturing Chinese soft shell turtle by using nuisanceless pond - Google Patents
Method for ecologically culturing Chinese soft shell turtle by using nuisanceless pond Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- Y02P60/56—
Landscapes
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for ecologically culturing a Chinese soft shell turtle by using a nuisanceless pond. The method for ecologically culturing the Chinese soft shell turtle by using the nuisanceless pond comprises the following steps: preparing the pond, throwing fry, aerating the pond, transplanting water plants, feeding, performing daily management, and preventing and treating diseases. By the method for ecologically culturing the Chinese soft shell turtle by using the nuisanceless pond, an ecological environment is optimized, the circulation of substances in culturing water is promoted, natural baits are rich, few chemicals are used, and the culturing cost is reduced; the cultured Chinese soft shell turtle is uniform in body shape, glossy in carapace, wide in skirt, strong in muscle, good in quality and good in mouth feel, and is greatly favored by consumers; and the ecologically cultured Chinese soft shell turtle is free of pollution, keeps the original taste of the wild Chinese soft shell turtle, is high in nutritional value and enhances the market value of the Chinese soft shell turtle.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Chinese soft-shelled turtle field, exactly is a kind of method of utilizing nuisanceless pond to carry out Chinese soft-shelled turtle ecologic breeding.
Background technology
China's soft-shelled turtle protein content is high, and the content of unsaturated fatty acid is abundant, has significant anti-cancer and antitumaous effect, is the high-grade aquatic products of high-quality low cholesterol; Along with expanding economy, the raising of people's living standard, market is increasing to its demand; In recent years, because excessive fishing for and the going from bad to worse of habitat, the soft-shelled turtle natural production greatly reduces; Ensure product quality in order to improve Chinese soft-shelled turtle output, the raiser should change the breed idea, the conversion aquaculture model; Carrying out Chinese soft-shelled turtle artificial propagation and healthy aquaculture will be the trend of propagating Chinese soft-shelled turtle artificially, according to production practices for many years, carry out summing up research with regard to the nuisanceless pond cultivation technology of Chinese soft-shelled turtle.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of stable breeding water body of in the pond, setting up near Chinese soft-shelled turtle natural environment; Living environment and the life style of simulating nature circle China soft-shelled turtle; The feeding and management of reinforcement science makes its nuisanceless pond that utilizes of in good ecotope, growing fast carry out the method for Chinese soft-shelled turtle ecologic breeding.
Above-mentioned purpose realizes through following scheme:
A kind of method of utilizing nuisanceless pond to carry out Chinese soft-shelled turtle ecologic breeding is characterized in that:
Comprise that arrangement pond, seed are put in a suitable place to breed, pool oxygenation, transplanting pasture and water, feedstuff feeding, daily management, disease control;
May further comprise the steps:
(1), arrangement pond: keep in the pond mud 8-10cm thick, every mu with the sterilization of quicklime 80-100kg dry method then, and second day again with the rake rake once; In the hope of sterilizing thoroughly, and the lime stone that will not melt sorts out the pond, tanned by the sun a week again in 3-4 days behind the post-consumer after; Get final product water filling, will have around the pool and prevent escaping facility, build flat roof and feed table in the pool; Cultivating pool requires into, draining convenient; Can independently advance, draining is convenient, put seedling before every mu of water body use the fertilizer 200-300kg or the inorganic composite fertilizer 10-15kg of fermentation, make water body become peak green or yellow green;
(2), seed is put in a suitable place to breed: put Chinese soft-shelled turtle kind in a suitable place to breed and require body surface gloss; Energetic, reaction is fast, neat specification, nothing are hindered, residual, worm, disease; Every mu of pond stocking size is 0.5-0.75kg/ Chinese soft-shelled turtle kind 600-700 only; Disinfection before the China soft-shelled turtle pool is soaked about Chinese soft-shelled turtle kind 15min with liquor potassic permanganate about 20mg/L or 3%-5% saline solution, and soaking solution was not advisable to have the Chinese soft-shelled turtle kind back of the body;
(3), pool oxygenation: put in a suitable place to breed after the Chinese soft-shelled turtle kind preceding 3 months, the aerator that install in the pond is opened about 4h every day, and open about 8h every day in the breed phase later on, during whenever used the chemical enhancement agent at a distance from 15-20 days;
(4), transplant pasture and water: Chinese soft-shelled turtle kind is transplanted water lettuce or water spinach before going into the pond, and the plantation area accounts for the 25-40% that cultures the pond gross area;
(5), feedstuff feeding: in the pond, throw in the spiral shell of living before Chinese soft-shelled turtle kind is put in a suitable place to breed; Let its natural propagation as the natural erbium material of Chinese soft-shelled turtle, later every month every mu throw in 100-150kg, put the oogenesis freshwater shrimp again in a suitable place to breed; Every month every mu of input 100-150kg is for Chinese soft-shelled turtle provides erbium material alive;
Threw something and fed for 2 times by every day in manual work each pond of throwing something and feeding generally speaking; 6 o'clock-8 o'clock morning, 4 o'clock-6 o'clock afternoon are respectively once; The small fish of throwing something and feeding, freshwater mussel meat need after rinsing, sterilization, to throw something and feed, and are sprinkling upon dried up 5cm-8cm place on the feed table equably; It is 8%-10% of Chinese soft-shelled turtle gross weight that day is thrown the amount of raising, and each throwing is raised can eat up in the 2h and is as the criterion;
(6), daily management: the breed phase keeps water transparence about 25-35cm, when the transparency of Chi Shui is lower than 25cm, should in time adds and renews water, and new water water temperature and former pond water temperature can not differ more than 3 ℃, add about new water 10cm at every turn;
(7), disease control: every at a distance from 20-30 days, strong chlorine oil, BCDMH or the chlorine dioxide of in Chinese soft-shelled turtle pond, splashing about 0.3mg/L carry out water body disinfection, in feed, add pharmaceutical composition, each 3-5 days about every other month; Every 100kg feed is mixed medicine 1-2kg, and pharmaceutical composition is made by the raw material of following weight parts: allicin 1-2, three bloom 2-5, coptis 2-5; Mother chrysanthemum 2-5, folium isatidis 2-5, pine needle 1-2, barrenwort 1-2; Root of kudzu vine 1-2, Herba Andrographitis 3-5, honeysuckle 3-5, oldenlandia diffusa 3-5; Hairyvein agrimony 3-8, cordate houttuynia 3-8, immune polysaccharide 5-8, compound vitamin 0.1-0.3; Concave and convex rod stone powder 0.1-0.3, bentonite 0.1-0.3, described compound vitamin refers to the mixture of vitamin and carrier; Carrier is a corn protein powder, and contains in every 1000g compound vitamin: vitamin A 800-1000 ten thousand IU, vitamin D
380-100 ten thousand IU, vitamin E 2-4 ten thousand IU, vitamin K
31-2g, Cobastab
18-10g, Cobastab
220-25g, Cobastab
65-10g, Cobastab
1280-100mg, folic acid 2-4g, nicotinic acid 20-50g, pantothenic acid 15-25g, vitamin C 100-200g mixes stirring with raw material pulverizing and makes pharmaceutical composition, whenever at a distance from about 15 days, drops into 1 EM bacterium liquid toward the pond, and its consumption is a 1-2kg/ mu.
Described a kind of method of utilizing nuisanceless pond to carry out Chinese soft-shelled turtle ecologic breeding is characterized in that: the probability of described aerator is 1.1KW, and described chemical enhancement agent is big grain oxygen.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, ecologic breeding has been optimized ecotope, has promoted to culture the material circulation in the waters, natural erbium material rich, few medicament; Reduced aquaculture cost, the Chinese soft-shelled turtle figure that supports well-balanced, carapace is glossy, the shirt rim is wide; Brawniness, article are of fine quality, mouthfeel good, favored by the consumer, the Chinese soft-shelled turtle that ecologic breeding is produced; Pollution-free, kept former the having good taste of wild Chinese soft-shelled turtle, be of high nutritive value, promoted the market value of Chinese soft-shelled turtle;
2, EM bacterium fluid power is regulated effectively and is cultured pond flora environment, regulates and cultures algae group rings border, pond, and beneficial microbe is bred in a large number, suppresses the growth of harmful bacterium, the invasion and attack of resisting external harmful bacterium.EM bacterium liquid is rich in rich in protein and vitamin, also contains active substance, can stimulate the immune system of Chinese soft-shelled turtle, improves the resistance against diseases of body, improves survival rate;
3, the Chinese soft-shelled turtle ecologic breeding noxious material in the water body of effectively degrading improves the pond ecotope, and pond environment is nuisanceless; Improve the availability of feed, strengthen aquatic products body disease-resistant performance, promote the effects such as growth of aquaculture kind; Can not only improve Chinese soft-shelled turtle output, the more important thing is and to improve Chinese soft-shelled turtle quality, can greatly increase the total yield, survival rate, rise and to catch average specification; Reduce erbium material coefficient, improve the culturing economic benefit.
Embodiment
A kind of method of utilizing nuisanceless pond to carry out Chinese soft-shelled turtle ecologic breeding is characterized in that:
Comprise that arrangement pond, seed are put in a suitable place to breed, pool oxygenation, transplanting pasture and water, feedstuff feeding, daily management, disease control;
May further comprise the steps:
(1), arrangement pond: mud 10cm is thick in the maintenance pond; Sterilize with quicklime 100kg dry method for every mu then; Second day again with the rake rake once; In the hope of sterilizing thoroughly; And the lime stone that will not melt sorts out the pond, tanned by the sun a week again in 3 days behind the post-consumer after, get final product water filling; (every mu of water surface can be put into and pulverize traditional Chinese medicine insecticide 2-3 kilogram immersion 3-4 hour, and the part by weight of the raw material components of traditional Chinese medicine insecticide is: cordate houttuynia 8-10, rhizoma zingiberis 8-10, chrysanthemum 8-10, mulberry leaf 8-10, field pennycress 8-10, kuh-seng 8-10, the old 8-10 of bacterium, rheum officinale 8-10, loguat leaf 8-10, seal chinaberry fruit 8-10, Chinese violet 8-10, folium isatidis 8-10, tarragon 8-10, juglandis folia 8-10, frutus cnidii 8-10, tuber of stemona 8-10, Fructus meliae toosendan 8-10); Will have around the pool and anti-ly escape facility, build flat roof and feed table in the pool, cultivating pool requires into, draining convenient, can independently advance, draining is convenient, put seedling before every mu of water body use the fertilizer 200-300kg of fermentation, make water body become peak green or yellow green;
(2), seed is put in a suitable place to breed: put Chinese soft-shelled turtle kind in a suitable place to breed and require body surface gloss; Energetic, reaction is fast, neat specification, nothing are hindered, residual, worm, disease; Every mu of pond stocking size is 600 of 0.5-0.75kg/ Chinese soft-shelled turtle kinds only; Disinfection before the China soft-shelled turtle pool is soaked Chinese soft-shelled turtle kind 15min with 5% saline solution, and soaking solution was not advisable to have the Chinese soft-shelled turtle kind back of the body;
(3), pool oxygenation: put in a suitable place to breed after the Chinese soft-shelled turtle kind preceding 3 months, the aerator of the 1.1KW that install in the pond is opened about 4h every day, and open about 8h every day in the breed phase later on, during every big oxygen of chemical enhancement agent of using at a distance from 20 days;
(4), transplant pasture and water: Chinese soft-shelled turtle kind is transplanted water lettuce or water spinach before going into the pond, and the plantation area accounts for cultures 25% of the pond gross area;
(5), feedstuff feeding: the spiral shell of in the pond, throw in living before Chinese soft-shelled turtle kind is put in a suitable place to breed, let its natural propagation as the natural erbium material of Chinese soft-shelled turtle, later every month every mu throw in 150kg, put the oogenesis freshwater shrimp again in a suitable place to breed, every month every mu throw in 100kg, for Chinese soft-shelled turtle provides erbium material alive;
Threw something and fed for 2 times by every day in manual work each pond of throwing something and feeding generally speaking; 6 o'clock-8 o'clock morning, 4 o'clock-6 o'clock afternoon are respectively once; The small fish of throwing something and feeding, freshwater mussel meat need after rinsing, sterilization, to throw something and feed, and are sprinkling upon dried up 6cm place on the feed table equably; It is 8% of Chinese soft-shelled turtle gross weight that day is thrown the amount of raising, and each throwing is raised can eat up in the 2h and is as the criterion;
(6), daily management: the breed phase keeps water transparence about 30cm, when the transparency of Chi Shui is lower than 25cm, should in time adds and renews water, and new water water temperature and former pond water temperature can not differ more than 3 ℃, add about new water 10cm at every turn;
(7), disease control: every at a distance from 30 days, the strong chlorine oil of in Chinese soft-shelled turtle pond, splashing about 0.3mg/L carries out water body disinfection, in feed, adds pharmaceutical composition about every other month, and each 3 days, every 100kg feed was mixed medicine 1kg; Pharmaceutical composition is made by the raw material of following weight parts: allicin 1, three bloom 2, the coptis 2, mother chrysanthemum 2, folium isatidis 2; Pine needle 1, barrenwort 1, the root of kudzu vine 1, Herba Andrographitis 4; Honeysuckle 4, oldenlandia diffusa 4, hairyvein agrimony 3, cordate houttuynia 3; Immune polysaccharide 5, compound vitamin 0.1, concave and convex rod stone powder 0.1, bentonite 0.1; Described compound vitamin refers to the mixture of vitamin and carrier, and carrier is a corn protein powder, and contains in every 1000g compound vitamin: vitamin A 1,000 ten thousand IU, vitamin D
31,000,000 IU, vitamin E 30,000 IU, vitamin K
31g, Cobastab
110g, Cobastab
225g, Cobastab
610g, Cobastab
12100mg, folic acid 3g, nicotinic acid 40g, pantothenic acid 20g, vitamin C 100g mixes stirring with raw material pulverizing and makes pharmaceutical composition, whenever at a distance from about 15 days, drops into 1 EM bacterium liquid toward the pond, and its consumption is a 1kg/ mu.
The survival rate of present embodiment is 92%, and the survival rate that conventional Chinese soft-shelled turtle is cultured is about 88%, and survival rate improves about 4%; Erbium material coefficient is 4.8, and the erbium material coefficient that conventional Chinese soft-shelled turtle is cultured is about 5.5, and erbium material coefficient reduces about 0.7; The present embodiment institute Chinese soft-shelled turtle specification of business men article is 1.32kg, and the commodity China soft-shelled turtle specification that conventional Chinese soft-shelled turtle is cultured is about 1.07kg, and specification improves about 0.25 kg.
Claims (2)
1. method of utilizing nuisanceless pond to carry out Chinese soft-shelled turtle ecologic breeding is characterized in that:
Comprise that arrangement pond, seed are put in a suitable place to breed, pool oxygenation, transplanting pasture and water, feedstuff feeding, daily management, disease control;
May further comprise the steps:
(1), arrangement pond: keep in the pond mud 8-10cm thick, every mu with the sterilization of quicklime 80-100kg dry method then, and second day again with the rake rake once; In the hope of sterilizing thoroughly, and the lime stone that will not melt sorts out the pond, tanned by the sun a week again in 3-4 days behind the post-consumer after; Get final product water filling, will have around the pool and prevent escaping facility, build flat roof and feed table in the pool; Cultivating pool requires into, draining convenient; Can independently advance, draining is convenient, put seedling before every mu of water body use the fertilizer 200-300kg or the inorganic composite fertilizer 10-15kg of fermentation, make water body become peak green or yellow green;
(2), seed is put in a suitable place to breed: put Chinese soft-shelled turtle kind in a suitable place to breed and require body surface gloss; Energetic, reaction is fast, neat specification, nothing are hindered, residual, worm, disease; Every mu of pond stocking size is 0.5-0.75kg/ Chinese soft-shelled turtle kind 600-700 only; Disinfection before the China soft-shelled turtle pool is soaked about Chinese soft-shelled turtle kind 15min with liquor potassic permanganate about 20mg/L or 3%-5% saline solution, and soaking solution was not advisable to have the Chinese soft-shelled turtle kind back of the body;
(3), pool oxygenation: put in a suitable place to breed after the Chinese soft-shelled turtle kind preceding 3 months, the aerator that install in the pond is opened about 4h every day, and open about 8h every day in the breed phase later on, during whenever used the chemical enhancement agent at a distance from 15-20 days;
(4), transplant pasture and water: Chinese soft-shelled turtle kind is transplanted water lettuce or water spinach before going into the pond, and the plantation area accounts for the 25-40% that cultures the pond gross area;
(5), feedstuff feeding: in the pond, throw in the spiral shell of living before Chinese soft-shelled turtle kind is put in a suitable place to breed; Let its natural propagation as the natural erbium material of Chinese soft-shelled turtle, later every month every mu throw in 100-150kg, put the oogenesis freshwater shrimp again in a suitable place to breed; Every month every mu of input 100-150kg is for Chinese soft-shelled turtle provides erbium material alive;
Threw something and fed for 2 times by every day in manual work each pond of throwing something and feeding generally speaking; 6 o'clock-8 o'clock morning, 4 o'clock-6 o'clock afternoon are respectively once; The small fish of throwing something and feeding, freshwater mussel meat need after rinsing, sterilization, to throw something and feed, and are sprinkling upon dried up 5cm-8cm place on the feed table equably; It is 8%-10% of Chinese soft-shelled turtle gross weight that day is thrown the amount of raising, and each throwing is raised can eat up in the 2h and is as the criterion;
(6), daily management: the breed phase keeps water transparence about 25-35cm, when the transparency of Chi Shui is lower than 25cm, should in time adds and renews water, and new water water temperature and former pond water temperature can not differ more than 3 ℃, add about new water 10cm at every turn;
(7), disease control: every at a distance from 20-30 days, strong chlorine oil, BCDMH or the chlorine dioxide of in Chinese soft-shelled turtle pond, splashing about 0.3mg/L carry out water body disinfection, in feed, add pharmaceutical composition, each 3-5 days about every other month; Every 100kg feed is mixed medicine 1-2kg, and pharmaceutical composition is made by the raw material of following weight parts: allicin 1-2, three bloom 2-5, coptis 2-5; Mother chrysanthemum 2-5, folium isatidis 2-5, pine needle 1-2, barrenwort 1-2; Root of kudzu vine 1-2, Herba Andrographitis 3-5, honeysuckle 3-5, oldenlandia diffusa 3-5; Hairyvein agrimony 3-8, cordate houttuynia 3-8, immune polysaccharide 5-8, compound vitamin 0.1-0.3; Concave and convex rod stone powder 0.1-0.3, bentonite 0.1-0.3, described compound vitamin refers to the mixture of vitamin and carrier; Carrier is a corn protein powder, and contains in every 1000g compound vitamin: vitamin A 800-1000 ten thousand IU, vitamin D
380-100 ten thousand IU, vitamin E 2-4 ten thousand IU, vitamin K
31-2g, Cobastab
18-10g, Cobastab
220-25g, Cobastab
65-10g, Cobastab
1280-100mg, folic acid 2-4g, nicotinic acid 20-50g, pantothenic acid 15-25g, vitamin C 100-200g mixes stirring with raw material pulverizing and makes pharmaceutical composition, whenever at a distance from about 15 days, drops into 1 EM bacterium liquid toward the pond, and its consumption is a 1-2kg/ mu.
2. a kind of method of utilizing nuisanceless pond to carry out Chinese soft-shelled turtle ecologic breeding according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the probability of described aerator is 1.1KW, and described chemical enhancement agent is big grain oxygen.
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