CN103493764B - The antiviral cultural method of crab - Google Patents
The antiviral cultural method of crab Download PDFInfo
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- CN103493764B CN103493764B CN201310426722.9A CN201310426722A CN103493764B CN 103493764 B CN103493764 B CN 103493764B CN 201310426722 A CN201310426722 A CN 201310426722A CN 103493764 B CN103493764 B CN 103493764B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The cultural method of crab belongs to animal-breeding field, especially relates to the cultural method of a kind of crab.The invention provides that a kind of crab survival rate is high, fast growth and the cultural method of the high a kind of crab of crab quality.The cultural method of crab, comprises the following steps: select waters smooth at the bottom of well pollution-free, the pond of water quality, place fence, build up pond; Pasture and water are planted in pond; Juvenile crab is put into pond, and cultivation density is that every mu of 400 ~ 500 crabs are advisable; In the process of cultivation crab, often observe and regulate cultivating condition; In cultivation crab process, every day is each input bait sooner or later; One-tenth crab can be fished for listing by crab cage by October.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to animal-breeding field, especially relate to the cultural method of a kind of crab.
Background technology
Crab, also known as river crab, is fresh water crustacean, grows up in fresh water, crab delicious, nutritious.Crab is at present by Chinese and the universally recognized cuisines of overseas people, at present because the source of crab is still to fish for, it is less that artificial culture work is carried out, the crab of self-sow can not meet the eating requirements of people far away, although rely on the cultivation of small size to carry out the needs in supplementary market in recent years, equally do not alleviate the demand in market yet.
At present, the technology propagating crab artificially is also rear a lot of not enough, and people are to the experience of artificial crab farming also imperfection.The bait that cultivation crab needed in the different stages is different, the growing environment needed is also different, a lot of technical staff ignores the scientific offering of crab cultivation ecotope when cultivating crab, use industrial fits feed, blindly medication, cause the destruction of crab ecotope, cause crab survival rate low, quality declines.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is exactly for the problems referred to above, provides that a kind of crab survival rate is high, fast growth and the cultural method of the high a kind of crab of crab quality.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme,
The cultural method of crab, comprises the following steps:
(1) pond is selected; Select waters smooth at the bottom of well pollution-free, the pond of water quality, place fence, build up pond; Fence inserts the low 60cm in pond and is advisable, and lays gusset plate bottom fence, prevents crab from fleeing;
(2) crab farming environment is built; Remove the mud that pond bottom is too much, the mud staying 12cm dark is advisable, then thorough disinfection, a water is thoroughly changed after sterilization, in mud, 5 ~ 10cm place is provided with the flexible pipe of multiple gas outlet, flexible pipe is connected with aerator, is filled oxygen, in order to avoid crab is suffocated by aerator and flexible pipe in pond; In pond, plant pasture and water, the food of pasture and water not still crab, and can purify water, the principal item of pasture and water is eel grass, waterweed and hydrilla verticillata;
(3) juvenile crab is put into pond, during input juvenile crab, water temperature is advisable at 10 ~ 12 DEG C, first juvenile crab is put into pond water 3 ~ 4 minutes in launch process, putting back to bank 30 ~ 35 minutes, 2 times repeatedly, allow juvenile crab adapt to water temperature, cultivation density is that every mu of 400 ~ 500 crabs are advisable;
(4) in the process of cultivation crab, often observe and regulate cultivating condition, pond water temperature is at 10 ~ 32 DEG C, and pH value is 6 ~ 8, and dissolved oxygen content is advisable at 5 ~ 9mg/L;
(5) feed preparation: described feedstuff comprises the composition of following weight ratio: silicate bacterium 0.5-0.8 part, streptococcus fecalis 1-3 part, Trichoderma 0.6-0.8 part, Rhodopseudomonas palustris 2-5 part, saccharomycete 0.3-0.5 part, fishbone dust 50-60 part, vinegar residue powder 65-70 part, waste liquid sediment 50-55 part, rice bran 40-60 part, brown sugar 12-14 part, salt 10-14 part, pig manure 80-85 part, pork slaughter house discarded object 45-55 part, pasture and water 60-65 part, calcium bicarbonate 12-16 part, urea 14-17 part, ironic citrate 1-3 part, vitaminB10 .6-0.8 part, cobalamin 0.2-0.6 part, radix scrophulariae 15-20 part, cassia seed 15-20 part, capsule of weeping forsythia 13-18 part, blackberry lily 13-18 part, Lasiosphaera fenzlii 13-18 part, Chinese olive 10-12 part, wintercherry fruit or calyx 8-10 part, giant knotweed 5-8 part, Sargent gloryvine 5-8 part, subprostrate sophora 3-5 part, preparation method comprises the following steps: pasture and water are dried by (1), makes its water content below 40%, is cut to 2-4cm, then add fishbone dust, vinegar residue powder, rice bran, brown sugar, salt according to described ratio, fully stir, mix, (2) fermented by said mixture, described fermentation is aerobic composting fermentation, and fermentation water accounts for the 20-30% of material gross weight, and winter oxygen supply time is 50-60 hour, and summer is 20-25 hour, and fermentation temperature is 45-60 DEG C, and fermentation time is 7-10 days, (3) waste liquid sediment, pig manure, pork slaughter house discarded object are mixed according to described ratio, add saccharomycete, streptococcus fecalis is fermented, inserted by above-mentioned substance in pond and mix corruption and macerate, plastic film on upper cap, carries out 3-5 days pre fermentation, then plastic film is thrown off, and stir, allow mixture contact oxygen, gradually raised temperature, from normal temperature to 50 DEG C, keep continuing turning after 1-3 days, be then raised to 60 DEG C from 50 DEG C, the retention time is 2-4 days, then normal temperature is cooled the temperature to, keep 6-8 days, until slaking completely, ferment complete, (4) by through step (1) and step (2) fermentation, sterilization after organic mixture carry out drying, baking temperature is 45-60 DEG C, and being dried to water content is 15-25%, (5) silicate bacterium, Trichoderma, Rhodopseudomonas palustris are joined in above-mentioned material according to described ratio, fully mix, stir, (6) calcium bicarbonate, urea, ironic citrate, vitamin B1, cobalamin are joined in mixture according to described ratio, fully mix, stir, (7) radix scrophulariae 15-20 part is added, cassia seed 15-20 part, capsule of weeping forsythia 13-18 part, blackberry lily 13-18 part, Lasiosphaera fenzlii 13-18 part, Chinese olive 10-12 part, wintercherry fruit or calyx 8-10 part, giant knotweed 5-8 part, Sargent gloryvine 5-8 part, after subprostrate sophora 3-5 part, above-mentioned material is carried out low temperature drying under the condition of 18-45 DEG C, make its water content be less than 10%,
(6) cultivate in crab process, within every 7 days, change a water, every day is each input once above-mentioned feed sooner or later, and each injected volume is 4% ~ 5% of crab body weight;
(7) 5 ~ July water temperature raise, open aerator when every day night 22 ~ 23, to next day 3 ~ 5 time close;
(8) one-tenth crab can be fished for listing by crab cage October.
Further, before input juvenile crab, throw in a collection of screw in pond, screw not only can be used for crab to eat, and also can purify water.
Further, described aquaculture water hardness is less than 350mg/L.
Again further, the depth of water in pond remains on 0.8 ~ 0.9m.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention is arranged by the pond environment of science and bait is thrown in, and make the survival rate of crab high, growth rate is fast.During it heat, be oxygenation in pond by aerator, decrease the death of crab.Antiviral Chinese herb feed additive contains the multiple Chinese herbal medicine with certain removing toxic substances antibiotic effect, and multiple flavour of a drug compatibility uses, and promotes its effect mutually, to reach good antiviral effect.
Embodiment
The cultural method of crab, comprises the following steps:
(1) pond is selected; Select waters smooth at the bottom of well pollution-free, the pond of water quality, place fence, build up pond; Fence inserts the low 60cm in pond and is advisable, and lays gusset plate bottom fence, prevents crab from fleeing;
(2) crab farming environment is built; Remove the mud that pond bottom is too much, the mud staying 12cm dark is advisable, then thorough disinfection, a water is thoroughly changed after sterilization, in mud, 5 ~ 10cm place is provided with the flexible pipe of multiple gas outlet, flexible pipe is connected with aerator, is filled oxygen, in order to avoid crab is suffocated by aerator and flexible pipe in pond; In pond, plant pasture and water, the food of pasture and water not still crab, and can purify water, the principal item of pasture and water is eel grass, waterweed and hydrilla verticillata;
(3) juvenile crab is put into pond, during input juvenile crab, water temperature is advisable at 10 ~ 12 DEG C, first juvenile crab is put into pond water 3 ~ 4 minutes in launch process, putting back to bank 30 ~ 35 minutes, 2 times repeatedly, allow juvenile crab adapt to water temperature, cultivation density is that every mu of 400 ~ 500 crabs are advisable;
(4) in the process of cultivation crab, often observe and regulate cultivating condition, pond water temperature is at 10 ~ 32 DEG C, and pH value is 6 ~ 8, and dissolved oxygen content is advisable at 5 ~ 9mg/L;
(5) feed preparation: described feedstuff comprises the composition of following weight ratio: silicate bacterium 0.5-0.8 part, streptococcus fecalis 1-3 part, Trichoderma 0.6-0.8 part, Rhodopseudomonas palustris 2-5 part, saccharomycete 0.3-0.5 part, fishbone dust 50-60 part, vinegar residue powder 65-70 part, waste liquid sediment 50-55 part, rice bran 40-60 part, brown sugar 12-14 part, salt 10-14 part, pig manure 80-85 part, pork slaughter house discarded object 45-55 part, pasture and water 60-65 part, calcium bicarbonate 12-16 part, urea 14-17 part, ironic citrate 1-3 part, vitaminB10 .6-0.8 part, cobalamin 0.2-0.6 part, radix scrophulariae 15-20 part, cassia seed 15-20 part, capsule of weeping forsythia 13-18 part, blackberry lily 13-18 part, Lasiosphaera fenzlii 13-18 part, Chinese olive 10-12 part, wintercherry fruit or calyx 8-10 part, giant knotweed 5-8 part, Sargent gloryvine 5-8 part, subprostrate sophora 3-5 part, preparation method comprises the following steps: pasture and water are dried by (1), makes its water content below 40%, is cut to 2-4cm, then add fishbone dust, vinegar residue powder, rice bran, brown sugar, salt according to described ratio, fully stir, mix, (2) fermented by said mixture, described fermentation is aerobic composting fermentation, and fermentation water accounts for the 20-30% of material gross weight, and winter oxygen supply time is 50-60 hour, and summer is 20-25 hour, and fermentation temperature is 45-60 DEG C, and fermentation time is 7-10 days, (3) waste liquid sediment, pig manure, pork slaughter house discarded object are mixed according to described ratio, add saccharomycete, streptococcus fecalis is fermented, inserted by above-mentioned substance in pond and mix corruption and macerate, plastic film on upper cap, carries out 3-5 days pre fermentation, then plastic film is thrown off, and stir, allow mixture contact oxygen, gradually raised temperature, from normal temperature to 50 DEG C, keep continuing turning after 1-3 days, be then raised to 60 DEG C from 50 DEG C, the retention time is 2-4 days, then normal temperature is cooled the temperature to, keep 6-8 days, until slaking completely, ferment complete, (4) by through step (1) and step (2) fermentation, sterilization after organic mixture carry out drying, baking temperature is 45-60 DEG C, and being dried to water content is 15-25%, (5) silicate bacterium, Trichoderma, Rhodopseudomonas palustris are joined in above-mentioned material according to described ratio, fully mix, stir, (6) calcium bicarbonate, urea, ironic citrate, vitamin B1, cobalamin are joined in mixture according to described ratio, fully mix, stir, (7) radix scrophulariae 15-20 part is added, cassia seed 15-20 part, capsule of weeping forsythia 13-18 part, blackberry lily 13-18 part, Lasiosphaera fenzlii 13-18 part, Chinese olive 10-12 part, wintercherry fruit or calyx 8-10 part, giant knotweed 5-8 part, Sargent gloryvine 5-8 part, after subprostrate sophora 3-5 part, above-mentioned material is carried out low temperature drying under the condition of 18-45 DEG C, make its water content be less than 10%,
(6) cultivate in crab process, within every 7 days, change a water, every day is each input once above-mentioned feed sooner or later, and each injected volume is 4% ~ 5% of crab body weight;
(7) 5 ~ July water temperature raise, open aerator when every day night 22 ~ 23, to next day 3 ~ 5 time close;
(7) one-tenth crab can be fished for listing by crab cage October.
Before input juvenile crab, throw in a collection of screw in pond, screw not only can be used for crab to eat, and also can purify water.
Described aquaculture water hardness is less than 350mg/L.
The depth of water in pond remains on 0.8 ~ 0.9m.
Introduce feeding process of the present invention below:
First, select waters smooth at the bottom of well pollution-free, the pond of water quality, place fence, build up pond; Fence inserts the low 60cm in pond and is advisable, and lays gusset plate bottom fence, prevents crab from fleeing; Remove the mud that pond bottom is too much, stay the mud that 12cm is dark, then thorough disinfection, thoroughly change a water after sterilization, in mud, 5 ~ 10cm place is provided with the flexible pipe of multiple gas outlet, and flexible pipe is connected with aerator; In pond, plant pasture and water, the principal item of pasture and water is eel grass, waterweed and hydrilla verticillata; Juvenile crab is put into pond, and during input juvenile crab, water temperature is advisable at 10 ~ 12 DEG C, first juvenile crab is put into pond water 3 ~ 4 minutes in launch process, putting back to bank 30 ~ 35 minutes, 2 times repeatedly, allow juvenile crab adapt to water temperature, cultivation density is that every mu of 400 ~ 500 crabs are advisable; In the process of cultivation crab, often observe and regulate cultivating condition, pond water temperature is at 10 ~ 32 DEG C, and pH value is 6 ~ 8, and dissolved oxygen content is advisable at 5 ~ 9mg/L; In cultivation crab process, within every 7 days, change a water, every day is each input feed sooner or later, and each injected volume is 4% ~ 5% of crab body weight; 5 ~ July water temperature raise, open aerator when every day night 22 ~ 23, to next day 3 ~ 5 time close; One-tenth crab can be fished for listing by crab cage by October.
Antiviral Chinese herb feed additive contains the multiple Chinese herbal medicine with certain removing toxic substances antibiotic effect, and multiple flavour of a drug compatibility uses, and promotes its effect mutually, to reach good antiviral effect.
Above content is the further description done the present invention in conjunction with concrete preferred embodiment; can not assert that specific embodiment of the invention is confined to these explanations; for general technical staff of the technical field of the invention; without departing from the inventive concept of the premise; some simple deduction or replace can also be made, all should be considered as belonging to the protection domain that claims that the present invention submits to are determined.
Claims (4)
1. the cultural method of crab, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) pond is selected; Select waters smooth at the bottom of well pollution-free, the pond of water quality, place fence, build up pond; Fence inserts 60cm at the bottom of pond, and lays gusset plate bottom fence, prevents crab from fleeing;
(2) crab farming environment is built; Remove the mud that pond bottom is too much, the mud staying 12cm dark is advisable, then thorough disinfection, a water is thoroughly changed after sterilization, in mud, 5 ~ 10cm place is provided with the flexible pipe of multiple gas outlet, flexible pipe is connected with aerator, is filled oxygen, in order to avoid crab is suffocated by aerator and flexible pipe in pond; In pond, plant pasture and water, the food of pasture and water not still crab, and can purify water, the principal item of pasture and water is eel grass, waterweed and hydrilla verticillata;
(3) juvenile crab is put into pond, during input juvenile crab, water temperature is at 10 ~ 12 DEG C, first juvenile crab is put into pond water 3 ~ 4 minutes in launch process, put back to bank again 30 ~ 35 minutes, 2 times repeatedly, allow juvenile crab adapt to water temperature, cultivation density is every mu of 400 ~ 500 crabs;
(4) in the process of cultivation crab, often observe and regulate cultivating condition, pond water temperature is at 10 ~ 32 DEG C, and pH value is 6 ~ 8, and dissolved oxygen content is at 5 ~ 9mg/L;
(5) feed preparation: described feedstuff comprises the composition of following weight ratio: silicate bacterium 0.5-0.8 part, streptococcus fecalis 1-3 part, Trichoderma 0.6-0.8 part, Rhodopseudomonas palustris 2-5 part, saccharomycete 0.3-0.5 part, fishbone dust 50-60 part, vinegar residue powder 65-70 part, waste liquid sediment 50-55 part, rice bran 40-60 part, brown sugar 12-14 part, salt 10-14 part, pig manure 80-85 part, pork slaughter house discarded object 45-55 part, pasture and water 60-65 part, calcium bicarbonate 12-16 part, urea 14-17 part, ironic citrate 1-3 part, Cobastab
10.6-0.8 part, Cobastab
120.2-0.6 part, radix scrophulariae 15-20 part, cassia seed 15-20 part, capsule of weeping forsythia 13-18 part, blackberry lily 13-18 part, Lasiosphaera fenzlii 13-18 part, Chinese olive 10-12 part, wintercherry fruit or calyx 8-10 part, giant knotweed 5-8 part, Sargent gloryvine 5-8 part, subprostrate sophora 3-5 part, preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) dried by pasture and water, makes its water content below 40%, is cut to 2-4cm, then add fishbone dust, vinegar residue powder, rice bran, brown sugar, salt according to weight ratio, fully stir, mix, 2) fermented by the mixture that step 1) obtains, described fermentation is aerobic composting fermentation, and fermentation water accounts for the 20-30% of material gross weight, winter oxygen supply time is 50-60 hour, summer is 20-25 hour, and fermentation temperature is 45-60 DEG C, and fermentation time is 7-10 days, 3) waste liquid sediment, pig manure, pork slaughter house discarded object are joined step 2 according to weight ratio) mixture in mix, add saccharomycete, streptococcus fecalis fermented, inserted in pond by the mixture obtained and mix corruption and macerate, plastic film on upper cap, carries out 3-5 days pre fermentation, then plastic film is thrown off, and stir, allow mixture contact oxygen, gradually raised temperature, from normal temperature to 50 DEG C, keep continuing turning after 1-3 days, be then raised to 60 DEG C from 50 DEG C, the retention time is 2-4 days, then normal temperature is cooled the temperature to, keep 6-8 days, until slaking completely, ferment complete, 4) by through step 1), step 2) and step 3) fermentation, organic mixture after sterilization carry out drying, baking temperature is 45-60 DEG C, and being dried to water content is 15-25%, 5) silicate bacterium, Trichoderma, Rhodopseudomonas palustris are joined in the material that step 4) obtains according to weight ratio, fully mix, stir, 6) by calcium bicarbonate, urea, ironic citrate, Cobastab
1, Cobastab
12join in the mixture that step 5) obtains according to weight ratio, fully mix, stir, 7) radix scrophulariae 15-20 part is added, cassia seed 15-20 part, capsule of weeping forsythia 13-18 part, blackberry lily 13-18 part, Lasiosphaera fenzlii 13-18 part, Chinese olive 10-12 part, wintercherry fruit or calyx 8-10 part, giant knotweed 5-8 part, Sargent gloryvine 5-8 part, after subprostrate sophora 3-5 part, obtained material is carried out low temperature drying under the condition of 18-45 DEG C, make its water content be less than 10%,
(6) cultivate in crab process, within every 7 days, change a water, every day is each input once above-mentioned feed sooner or later, and each injected volume is 4% ~ 5% of crab body weight;
(7) 5 ~ July water temperature raise, open aerator when every day night 22 ~ 23, to next day 3 ~ 5 time close; (8) October one-tenth crab is fished for listing by crab cage.
2. the cultural method of crab according to claim 1, is characterized in that: before input juvenile crab, throw in a collection of spiral shell in pond.
3. the cultural method of crab according to claim 1, is characterized in that: aquaculture water hardness is less than 350mg/L.
4. the cultural method of crab according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the depth of water in pond remains on 0.8 ~ 0.9m.
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| CN201310426722.9A CN103493764B (en) | 2013-09-18 | 2013-09-18 | The antiviral cultural method of crab |
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| CN103960494B (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2016-03-09 | 芜湖润蓝生物科技有限公司 | A kind of organic selenium-rich crab feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN103960516A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2014-08-06 | 张厚冰 | Silkworm excrement feed for crabs and preparation method of silkworm excrement feed |
| CN104221956B (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2017-01-18 | 潘莉 | Ecological culture method for preventing river crab pests and diseases from occurring |
| CN104222703A (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2014-12-24 | 镇江市丹徒区高桥镇农村合作经济组织联合会 | Disease-prevention crab fodder and preparation method thereof |
| CN104255617A (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2015-01-07 | 镇江市丹徒区高桥镇农村合作经济组织联合会 | High-yield cultivation method of crabs |
| CN105454130B (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2019-01-01 | 苏州蟹家族生态农业有限公司 | A kind of ornamental crab rearing pond and ornamental crab method for breeding |
| CN107396865A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-11-28 | 安徽华亿农牧科技发展有限公司 | A kind of method of combination submerged plant and biological floating bed combined breeding crab |
| CN107593564A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-01-19 | 寿县绿园特种水产生态养殖加工有限责任公司 | A kind of crab cultivation ecological environment-friendly type culture pond |
| CN107889775A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-04-10 | 合肥康青源养殖有限公司 | The antiviral cultural method of crab |
| CN107836389A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-03-27 | 合肥康青源养殖有限公司 | Crab cultivation method |
| CN107897074A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-04-13 | 合肥康青源养殖有限公司 | Ecologically breeding river crabs method |
| CN107711644A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-02-23 | 合肥康青源养殖有限公司 | The method that crab is cultivated in rice field |
| CN107711645A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-02-23 | 合肥康青源养殖有限公司 | The antiviral cultural method of river crab |
| CN107711646A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-02-23 | 合肥康青源养殖有限公司 | Crab ecological cultivation method |
| CN107821264A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-03-23 | 湖州世韩进出口有限公司 | The breeding feed and cultural method of a kind of crab |
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