CN103493764A - Antivirus cultivation method for crabs - Google Patents
Antivirus cultivation method for crabs Download PDFInfo
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- CN103493764A CN103493764A CN201310426722.9A CN201310426722A CN103493764A CN 103493764 A CN103493764 A CN 103493764A CN 201310426722 A CN201310426722 A CN 201310426722A CN 103493764 A CN103493764 A CN 103493764A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of animal cultivation, and particularly relates to an antivirus cultivation method for crabs. The cultivation method for the crabs is high in survival rate of the crabs, growth speed and quality of the crabs. The cultivation method for the crabs comprises the following steps that a water area with good-quality pollution-free water and with a smooth bottom of a pool is chosen, a fence is arranged around the water area, and the pool is constructed; water plants are planted in the pool; juvenile crabs are placed into the pool, and the cultivation density is appropriately 400-500 crabs per mu; in the crab cultivation process, cultivation conditions are frequently observed and regulated; in the crab cultivation process, bait throwing is carried out twice a day in the morning and at evening; merchandise crabs can be caught to appear on the market through crab cages in October.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the animal-breeding field, especially relate to the cultural method of a kind of crab.
Background technology
Crab claims again river crab, is the fresh water crustacean, in fresh water, grow up, and crab delicious, nutritious.Crab is at present by Chinese and the overseas universally recognized cuisines of people, at present owing to still take and fish for as main in the source of crab, it is less that artificial culture work is carried out, the crab of self-sow can not meet people's eating requirements far away, although rely in recent years the cultivation of small size to supplement the needs in market, equally also do not alleviate the demand in market.
At present, the technology of propagating crab artificially is a lot of not enough after also, and people are to artificial experience of supporting crab imperfection also.The bait difference that the cultivation crab needed in the different stages, the growing environment needed is also different, a lot of technical staff ignore the science setting of crab cultivation ecotope when the cultivation crab, use industrial manufactured feed, blindly medication, cause the destruction of crab ecotope, cause the crab survival rate low, quality descends.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is exactly for the problems referred to above, provides that a kind of crab survival rate is high, the cultural method of fast growth and the high a kind of crab of crab quality.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme,
The cultural method of crab comprises the following steps:
(1) select pond; Select that water quality is well pollution-free, at the bottom of pond smooth waters, places fence, builds up pond; Fence inserts the low 60cm in pond and is advisable, and lays gusset plate in the fence bottom, prevents the crab flight;
(2) build and support the crab environment; Remove the too much mud of pond bottom, stay the mud that 12cm is dark to be advisable, then thorough disinfection, water is thoroughly changed one time in sterilization later, in mud, 5~10cm place is provided with the flexible pipe of a plurality of gas outlets, flexible pipe is connected with aerator, by aerator and flexible pipe, in pond, fills oxygen, in order to avoid crab is suffocated; Plant pasture and water in pond, pasture and water are the food of crab still not, and can purify water, and the principal item of pasture and water is eel grass, waterweed and hydrilla verticillata;
(3) juvenile crab is put into to pond, while throwing in juvenile crab, water temperature is advisable at 10~12 ℃, in launch process, first juvenile crab is put into to pond water 3~4 minutes, putting back to bank 30~35 minutes, 2 times repeatedly, allow juvenile crab adapt to water temperature, cultivation density is that every mu of 400~500 crabs are advisable;
(4) in the process of cultivation crab, often observe and regulate cultivating condition, the pond water temperature is at 10~32 ℃, and pH value is 6~8, and dissolved oxygen content is advisable at 5~9mg/L;
(5) feed preparation: described feedstuff comprises the composition of following weight ratio: silicate bacterium 0.5-0.8 part, streptococcus fecalis 1-3 part, Trichoderma 0.6-0.8 part, Rhodopseudomonas palustris 2-5 part, saccharomycete 0.3-0.5 part, fishbone dust 50-60 part, vinegar grain powder 65-70 part, waste liquid sediment 50-55 part, rice bran 40-60 part, brown sugar 12-14 part, salt 10-14 part, pig manure 80-85 part, pork slaughter house discarded object 45-55 part, pasture and water 60-65 part, calcium bicarbonate 12-16 part, urea 14-17 part, ironic citrate 1-3 part, vitaminB10 .6-0.8 part, cobalamin 0.2-0.6 part, radix scrophulariae 15-20 part, cassia seed 15-20 part, capsule of weeping forsythia 13-18 part, blackberry lily 13-18 part, Lasiosphaera fenzlii 13-18 part, Chinese olive 10-12 part, wintercherry fruit or calyx 8-10 part, giant knotweed 5-8 part, Sargent gloryvine 5-8 part, subprostrate sophora 3-5 part, the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) dries pasture and water, makes its water content below 40%, and it is cut to 2-4cm, then according to described ratio, adds fishbone dust, vinegar grain powder, rice bran, brown sugar, salt, fully stirs, and mixes, (2) said mixture is fermented, described fermentation is aerobic composting fermentation, and the fermentation water accounts for the 20-30% of material gross weight, and be 50-60 hour winter oxygen supply time, and be 20-25 hour summer, and fermentation temperature is 45-60 ℃, and fermentation time is 7-10 days, (3) waste liquid sediment, pig manure, pork slaughter house discarded object are mixed according to described ratio, add saccharomycete, streptococcus fecalis to be fermented, above-mentioned substance is inserted to mixing corruption in pond and macerate, plastic film on upper cap, carry out fermenting in advance in 3-5 days, then plastic film is thrown off, and stirred, allow mixture contact oxygen, temperature gradually raises, from normal temperature to 50 ℃, keep continuing turning after 1-3 days, then be raised to 60 ℃ from 50 ℃, the retention time is 2-4 days, then cool the temperature to normal temperature, keep 6-8 days, until slaking is fully fermented complete, (4) organic mixture after step (1) and step (2) are fermented, sterilized is carried out to drying, baking temperature is 45-60 ℃, and being dried to water content is 15-25%, (5) silicate bacterium, Trichoderma, Rhodopseudomonas palustris are joined in above-mentioned material according to described ratio, fully mix, stir, (6) calcium bicarbonate, urea, ironic citrate, vitamin B1, cobalamin are joined in mixture according to described ratio, fully mix, stir, (7) add radix scrophulariae 15-20 part, cassia seed 15-20 part, capsule of weeping forsythia 13-18 part, blackberry lily 13-18 part, Lasiosphaera fenzlii 13-18 part, Chinese olive 10-12 part, wintercherry fruit or calyx 8-10 part, giant knotweed 5-8 part, Sargent gloryvine 5-8 part, above-mentioned material is carried out under the condition of 18-45 ℃ to low temperature drying after subprostrate sophora 3-5 part, making its water content is below 10%,
(6) in cultivation crab process, within every 7 days, change one time water, every day, each threw in once above-mentioned feed sooner or later, and each injected volume is 4%~5% of crab body weight;
Water temperature rising in (7) 5~July, 22~23 o'clock nights of every day are opened aerator, to next day 3~5 o'clock, close;
(8) can will become crab to fish for listing by the crab cage October.
Further, throw in a collection of screw before throwing in juvenile crab in pond, screw not only can be edible for crab, also can purify water.
Further, described aquaculture water hardness is less than 350mg/L.
Again further, the depth of water in pond remains on 0.8~0.9m.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention throws in by pond environment setting and the bait of science, makes the survival rate of crab high, and growth rate is fast.When it is hot, by aerator, be oxygenation in pond, reduced the death of crab.Antiviral Chinese herb feed additive contains the multiple Chinese herbal medicine with certain removing toxic substances antibiotic effect, and multiple flavour of a drug compatibility is used, and promotes mutually its effect, to reach good antiviral effect.
Embodiment
The cultural method of crab comprises the following steps:
(1) select pond; Select that water quality is well pollution-free, at the bottom of pond smooth waters, places fence, builds up pond; Fence inserts the low 60cm in pond and is advisable, and lays gusset plate in the fence bottom, prevents the crab flight;
(2) build and support the crab environment; Remove the too much mud of pond bottom, stay the mud that 12cm is dark to be advisable, then thorough disinfection, water is thoroughly changed one time in sterilization later, in mud, 5~10cm place is provided with the flexible pipe of a plurality of gas outlets, flexible pipe is connected with aerator, by aerator and flexible pipe, in pond, fills oxygen, in order to avoid crab is suffocated; Plant pasture and water in pond, pasture and water are the food of crab still not, and can purify water, and the principal item of pasture and water is eel grass, waterweed and hydrilla verticillata;
(3) juvenile crab is put into to pond, while throwing in juvenile crab, water temperature is advisable at 10~12 ℃, in launch process, first juvenile crab is put into to pond water 3~4 minutes, putting back to bank 30~35 minutes, 2 times repeatedly, allow juvenile crab adapt to water temperature, cultivation density is that every mu of 400~500 crabs are advisable;
(4) in the process of cultivation crab, often observe and regulate cultivating condition, the pond water temperature is at 10~32 ℃, and pH value is 6~8, and dissolved oxygen content is advisable at 5~9mg/L;
(5) feed preparation: described feedstuff comprises the composition of following weight ratio: silicate bacterium 0.5-0.8 part, streptococcus fecalis 1-3 part, Trichoderma 0.6-0.8 part, Rhodopseudomonas palustris 2-5 part, saccharomycete 0.3-0.5 part, fishbone dust 50-60 part, vinegar grain powder 65-70 part, waste liquid sediment 50-55 part, rice bran 40-60 part, brown sugar 12-14 part, salt 10-14 part, pig manure 80-85 part, pork slaughter house discarded object 45-55 part, pasture and water 60-65 part, calcium bicarbonate 12-16 part, urea 14-17 part, ironic citrate 1-3 part, vitaminB10 .6-0.8 part, cobalamin 0.2-0.6 part, radix scrophulariae 15-20 part, cassia seed 15-20 part, capsule of weeping forsythia 13-18 part, blackberry lily 13-18 part, Lasiosphaera fenzlii 13-18 part, Chinese olive 10-12 part, wintercherry fruit or calyx 8-10 part, giant knotweed 5-8 part, Sargent gloryvine 5-8 part, subprostrate sophora 3-5 part, the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) dries pasture and water, makes its water content below 40%, and it is cut to 2-4cm, then according to described ratio, adds fishbone dust, vinegar grain powder, rice bran, brown sugar, salt, fully stirs, and mixes, (2) said mixture is fermented, described fermentation is aerobic composting fermentation, and the fermentation water accounts for the 20-30% of material gross weight, and be 50-60 hour winter oxygen supply time, and be 20-25 hour summer, and fermentation temperature is 45-60 ℃, and fermentation time is 7-10 days, (3) waste liquid sediment, pig manure, pork slaughter house discarded object are mixed according to described ratio, add saccharomycete, streptococcus fecalis to be fermented, above-mentioned substance is inserted to mixing corruption in pond and macerate, plastic film on upper cap, carry out fermenting in advance in 3-5 days, then plastic film is thrown off, and stirred, allow mixture contact oxygen, temperature gradually raises, from normal temperature to 50 ℃, keep continuing turning after 1-3 days, then be raised to 60 ℃ from 50 ℃, the retention time is 2-4 days, then cool the temperature to normal temperature, keep 6-8 days, until slaking is fully fermented complete, (4) organic mixture after step (1) and step (2) are fermented, sterilized is carried out to drying, baking temperature is 45-60 ℃, and being dried to water content is 15-25%, (5) silicate bacterium, Trichoderma, Rhodopseudomonas palustris are joined in above-mentioned material according to described ratio, fully mix, stir, (6) calcium bicarbonate, urea, ironic citrate, vitamin B1, cobalamin are joined in mixture according to described ratio, fully mix, stir, (7) add radix scrophulariae 15-20 part, cassia seed 15-20 part, capsule of weeping forsythia 13-18 part, blackberry lily 13-18 part, Lasiosphaera fenzlii 13-18 part, Chinese olive 10-12 part, wintercherry fruit or calyx 8-10 part, giant knotweed 5-8 part, Sargent gloryvine 5-8 part, above-mentioned material is carried out under the condition of 18-45 ℃ to low temperature drying after subprostrate sophora 3-5 part, making its water content is below 10%,
(6) in cultivation crab process, within every 7 days, change one time water, every day, each threw in once above-mentioned feed sooner or later, and each injected volume is 4%~5% of crab body weight;
Water temperature rising in (7) 5~July, 22~23 o'clock nights of every day are opened aerator, to next day 3~5 o'clock, close;
(7) can will become crab to fish for listing by the crab cage October.
Throw in a collection of screw before throwing in juvenile crab in pond, screw not only can be edible for crab, also can purify water.
Described aquaculture water hardness is less than 350mg/L.
The depth of water in pond remains on 0.8~0.9m.
Below introduce feeding process of the present invention:
At first, select that water quality is well pollution-free, at the bottom of pond smooth waters, places fence, builds up pond; Fence inserts the low 60cm in pond and is advisable, and lays gusset plate in the fence bottom, prevents the crab flight; Remove the too much mud of pond bottom, stay the mud that 12cm is dark, then thorough disinfection, sterilization is thoroughly changed water one time later, and in mud, 5~10cm place is provided with the flexible pipe of a plurality of gas outlets, and flexible pipe is connected with aerator; Plant pasture and water in pond, the principal item of pasture and water is eel grass, waterweed and hydrilla verticillata; Juvenile crab is put into to pond, and while throwing in juvenile crab, water temperature is advisable at 10~12 ℃, in launch process, first juvenile crab is put into to pond water 3~4 minutes, putting back to bank 30~35 minutes, 2 times repeatedly, allow juvenile crab adapt to water temperature, cultivation density is that every mu of 400~500 crabs are advisable; In the process of cultivation crab, often observe and regulate cultivating condition, the pond water temperature is at 10~32 ℃, and pH value is 6~8, and dissolved oxygen content is advisable at 5~9mg/L; In cultivation crab process, within every 7 days, change one time water, respectively throw in one time feed every day sooner or later, each injected volume is 4%~5% of crab body weight; 5~July, water temperature raise, and 22~23 o'clock nights of every day are opened aerator, to next day 3~5 o'clock, close; Can will become crab to fish for listing by the crab cage October.
Antiviral Chinese herb feed additive contains the multiple Chinese herbal medicine with certain removing toxic substances antibiotic effect, and multiple flavour of a drug compatibility is used, and promotes mutually its effect, to reach good antiviral effect.
Above content is the further description of the present invention being done in conjunction with concrete preferred embodiment; can not assert that specific embodiment of the invention is confined to these explanations; for the general technical staff of the technical field of the invention; without departing from the inventive concept of the premise; can also make some simple deduction or replace, all should be considered as belonging to the definite protection domain of claims that the present invention submits to.
Claims (4)
1. the cultural method of crab is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) select pond; Select that water quality is well pollution-free, at the bottom of pond smooth waters, places fence, builds up pond; Fence inserts the low 60cm in pond and is advisable, and lays gusset plate in the fence bottom, prevents the crab flight;
(2) build and support the crab environment; Remove the too much mud of pond bottom, stay the mud that 12cm is dark to be advisable, then thorough disinfection, water is thoroughly changed one time in sterilization later, in mud, 5~10cm place is provided with the flexible pipe of a plurality of gas outlets, flexible pipe is connected with aerator, by aerator and flexible pipe, in pond, fills oxygen, in order to avoid crab is suffocated; Plant pasture and water in pond, pasture and water are the food of crab still not, and can purify water, and the principal item of pasture and water is eel grass, waterweed and hydrilla verticillata;
(3) juvenile crab is put into to pond, while throwing in juvenile crab, water temperature is advisable at 10~12 ℃, in launch process, first juvenile crab is put into to pond water 3~4 minutes, putting back to bank 30~35 minutes, 2 times repeatedly, allow juvenile crab adapt to water temperature, cultivation density is that every mu of 400~500 crabs are advisable;
(4) in the process of cultivation crab, often observe and regulate cultivating condition, the pond water temperature is at 10~32 ℃, and pH value is 6~8, and dissolved oxygen content is advisable at 5~9mg/L;
(5) feed preparation: described feedstuff comprises the composition of following weight ratio: silicate bacterium 0.5-0.8 part, streptococcus fecalis 1-3 part, Trichoderma 0.6-0.8 part, Rhodopseudomonas palustris 2-5 part, saccharomycete 0.3-0.5 part, fishbone dust 50-60 part, vinegar grain powder 65-70 part, waste liquid sediment 50-55 part, rice bran 40-60 part, brown sugar 12-14 part, salt 10-14 part, pig manure 80-85 part, pork slaughter house discarded object 45-55 part, pasture and water 60-65 part, calcium bicarbonate 12-16 part, urea 14-17 part, ironic citrate 1-3 part, vitaminB10 .6-0.8 part, cobalamin 0.2-0.6 part, radix scrophulariae 15-20 part, cassia seed 15-20 part, capsule of weeping forsythia 13-18 part, blackberry lily 13-18 part, Lasiosphaera fenzlii 13-18 part, Chinese olive 10-12 part, wintercherry fruit or calyx 8-10 part, giant knotweed 5-8 part, Sargent gloryvine 5-8 part, subprostrate sophora 3-5 part, the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) dries pasture and water, makes its water content below 40%, and it is cut to 2-4cm, then according to described ratio, adds fishbone dust, vinegar grain powder, rice bran, brown sugar, salt, fully stirs, and mixes, (2) said mixture is fermented, described fermentation is aerobic composting fermentation, and the fermentation water accounts for the 20-30% of material gross weight, and be 50-60 hour winter oxygen supply time, and be 20-25 hour summer, and fermentation temperature is 45-60 ℃, and fermentation time is 7-10 days, (3) waste liquid sediment, pig manure, pork slaughter house discarded object are mixed according to described ratio, add saccharomycete, streptococcus fecalis to be fermented, above-mentioned substance is inserted to mixing corruption in pond and macerate, plastic film on upper cap, carry out fermenting in advance in 3-5 days, then plastic film is thrown off, and stirred, allow mixture contact oxygen, temperature gradually raises, from normal temperature to 50 ℃, keep continuing turning after 1-3 days, then be raised to 60 ℃ from 50 ℃, the retention time is 2-4 days, then cool the temperature to normal temperature, keep 6-8 days, until slaking is fully fermented complete, (4) organic mixture after step (1) and step (2) are fermented, sterilized is carried out to drying, baking temperature is 45-60 ℃, and being dried to water content is 15-25%, (5) silicate bacterium, Trichoderma, Rhodopseudomonas palustris are joined in above-mentioned material according to described ratio, fully mix, stir, (6) calcium bicarbonate, urea, ironic citrate, vitamin B1, cobalamin are joined in mixture according to described ratio, fully mix, stir, (7) add radix scrophulariae 15-20 part, cassia seed 15-20 part, capsule of weeping forsythia 13-18 part, blackberry lily 13-18 part, Lasiosphaera fenzlii 13-18 part, Chinese olive 10-12 part, wintercherry fruit or calyx 8-10 part, giant knotweed 5-8 part, Sargent gloryvine 5-8 part, above-mentioned material is carried out under the condition of 18-45 ℃ to low temperature drying after subprostrate sophora 3-5 part, making its water content is below 10%,
(6) in cultivation crab process, within every 7 days, change one time water, every day, each threw in once above-mentioned feed sooner or later, and each injected volume is 4%~5% of crab body weight;
Water temperature rising in (7) 5~July, 22~23 o'clock nights of every day are opened aerator, to next day 3~5 o'clock, close;
(8) can will become crab to fish for listing by the crab cage October.
2. the cultural method of crab according to claim 1, is characterized in that: throw in a collection of screw before throwing in juvenile crab in pond.
3. the cultural method of crab according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described aquaculture water hardness is less than 350mg/L.
4. the cultural method of crab according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the depth of water in pond remains on 0.8~0.9m.
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Cited By (15)
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CN103960516A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2014-08-06 | 张厚冰 | Silkworm excrement feed for crabs and preparation method of silkworm excrement feed |
CN103960494A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2014-08-06 | 孙才海 | Crab feed rich in organic selenium and preparation method thereof |
CN104221956A (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2014-12-24 | 潘莉 | Ecological culture method for preventing river crab pests and diseases from occurring |
CN104222703A (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2014-12-24 | 镇江市丹徒区高桥镇农村合作经济组织联合会 | Disease-prevention crab fodder and preparation method thereof |
CN104255617A (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2015-01-07 | 镇江市丹徒区高桥镇农村合作经济组织联合会 | High-yield cultivation method of crabs |
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CN107593564A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-01-19 | 寿县绿园特种水产生态养殖加工有限责任公司 | A kind of crab cultivation ecological environment-friendly type culture pond |
CN107711645A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-02-23 | 合肥康青源养殖有限公司 | The antiviral cultural method of river crab |
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CN107711644A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-02-23 | 合肥康青源养殖有限公司 | The method that crab is cultivated in rice field |
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CN103960516A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2014-08-06 | 张厚冰 | Silkworm excrement feed for crabs and preparation method of silkworm excrement feed |
CN104221956A (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2014-12-24 | 潘莉 | Ecological culture method for preventing river crab pests and diseases from occurring |
CN104222703A (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2014-12-24 | 镇江市丹徒区高桥镇农村合作经济组织联合会 | Disease-prevention crab fodder and preparation method thereof |
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CN105454130A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-04-06 | 苏州蟹家族生态农业有限公司 | Ornamental crab breeding pond and ornamental crab breeding method |
CN107396865A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-11-28 | 安徽华亿农牧科技发展有限公司 | A kind of method of combination submerged plant and biological floating bed combined breeding crab |
CN107593564A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-01-19 | 寿县绿园特种水产生态养殖加工有限责任公司 | A kind of crab cultivation ecological environment-friendly type culture pond |
CN107711645A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-02-23 | 合肥康青源养殖有限公司 | The antiviral cultural method of river crab |
CN107711644A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-02-23 | 合肥康青源养殖有限公司 | The method that crab is cultivated in rice field |
CN107836389A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-03-27 | 合肥康青源养殖有限公司 | Crab cultivation method |
CN107889775A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-04-10 | 合肥康青源养殖有限公司 | The antiviral cultural method of crab |
CN107897074A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-04-13 | 合肥康青源养殖有限公司 | Ecologically breeding river crabs method |
CN107711646A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-02-23 | 合肥康青源养殖有限公司 | Crab ecological cultivation method |
CN107821264A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-03-23 | 湖州世韩进出口有限公司 | The breeding feed and cultural method of a kind of crab |
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