CN102696536A - Healthy ecological turtle breeding method - Google Patents
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- CN102696536A CN102696536A CN201210123692XA CN201210123692A CN102696536A CN 102696536 A CN102696536 A CN 102696536A CN 201210123692X A CN201210123692X A CN 201210123692XA CN 201210123692 A CN201210123692 A CN 201210123692A CN 102696536 A CN102696536 A CN 102696536A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a healthy ecological turtle breeding method. The method comprises steps of arrangement of a pool, breeding of hatched turtles, oxygen incensement of the pool, transplanting of aquatic plants, feeding of feed, daily management and prevention and cure of diseases. By the aid of the ecological breeding method, the ecological environment is optimized, the material circulation in the breeding water is improved, natural bait is rich, few drugs are used, the breeding cost is reduced, the bred turtles are uniform in shape, turtles shells are lustrous, rims are wide, muscles are strong, the quality and the taste are good and turtles are popular in consumers. Turtles bred through the ecological breeding method are free from pollution, original taste of wild turtles is kept, the nutrient value is high and the market value of turtles is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the soft-shelled turtle field, exactly is a kind of soft-shelled turtle healthy ecology cultural method.
Background technology
Turtle proteins matter content is high, and the content of unsaturated fatty acid is abundant, has significant anti-cancer and antitumaous effect, is the high-grade aquatic products of high-quality low cholesterol; Along with expanding economy, the raising of people's living standard, market is increasing to its demand; In recent years, because excessive fishing for and the going from bad to worse of habitat, the soft-shelled turtle natural production greatly reduces; Ensure product quality in order to improve soft-shelled turtle output, the raiser should change the breed idea, the conversion aquaculture model; Carrying out soft-shelled turtle artificial propagation and healthy aquaculture will be the trend of propagating soft-shelled turtle artificially, according to production practices for many years, carry out summing up research with regard to the breeding soft-shell turtle technology.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of stable breeding water body of in the pond, setting up near the soft-shelled turtle natural environment; Living environment of simulating nature circle soft-shelled turtle and life style; The feeding and management of reinforcement science, the soft-shelled turtle healthy ecology cultural method that it is grown in good ecotope fast.
Above-mentioned purpose realizes through following scheme:
A kind of soft-shelled turtle healthy ecology cultural method is characterized in that:
Comprise that arrangement pond, seed are put in a suitable place to breed, pool oxygenation, transplanting pasture and water, feedstuff feeding, daily management, disease control;
May further comprise the steps:
(1), arrangement pond: mud 8-10cm is thick in the maintenance pond; Sterilize with quicklime 80-100kg dry method for every mu then; Second day again with the rake rake once; In the hope of sterilizing thoroughly; And the lime stone that will not melt sorts out the pond, tanned by the sun a week again in 3-4 days behind the post-consumer after, get final product water filling; Every mu of water surface is put into and is pulverized traditional Chinese medicine insecticide 2-3 kilogram immersion 3-4 hour, and the part by weight of the raw material components of traditional Chinese medicine insecticide is: cordate houttuynia 8-10, rhizoma zingiberis 8-10, chrysanthemum 8-10, mulberry leaf 8-10, field pennycress 8-10, kuh-seng 8-10, the old 8-10 of bacterium, rheum officinale 8-10, loguat leaf 8-10, seal chinaberry fruit 8-10, Chinese violet 8-10, folium isatidis 8-10, tarragon 8-10, juglandis folia 8-10, frutus cnidii 8-10, tuber of stemona 8-10, Fructus meliae toosendan 8-10; The anti-facility of escaping will be arranged around the pool; Build flat roof and feed table in the pool, cultivating pool requires into, draining is convenient, can independently advance, draining is convenient; Every mu of water body is used the fertilizer 200-300kg or the inorganic composite fertilizer 10-15kg of fermentation before putting seedling, makes water body become peak green or yellow green;
(2), seed is put in a suitable place to breed: put the soft-shelled turtle kind in a suitable place to breed and require body surface gloss; Energetic, reaction is fast, neat specification, nothing are hindered, residual, worm, disease; Every mu of pond stocking size is 0.5-0.75kg/ soft-shelled turtle kind 600-700 only, and disinfection before the soft-shelled turtle pool is soaked about soft-shelled turtle kind 15min with liquor potassic permanganate about 20mg/L or 3%-5% saline solution; Soaking solution was not advisable to have the soft-shelled turtle kind back of the body, to kill epizoon and pathogen;
(3), pool oxygenation: put in a suitable place to breed after the soft-shelled turtle kind preceding 3 months, the aerator that install in the pond is opened about 4h every day, and open about 8h every day in the breed phase later on, during whenever used the chemical enhancement agent at a distance from 15-20 days;
(4), transplant pasture and water: the soft-shelled turtle kind is transplanted water lettuce or water spinach before going into the pond, and the plantation area accounts for the 25-40% that cultures the pond gross area;
(5), feedstuff feeding: in the pond, throw in the spiral shell of living before the soft-shelled turtle kind is put in a suitable place to breed; Let its natural propagation as the natural erbium material of soft-shelled turtle, later every month every mu throw in 100-150kg, put the oogenesis freshwater shrimp again in a suitable place to breed; Every month every mu of input 100-150kg is for soft-shelled turtle provides erbium material alive;
Threw something and fed for 2 times by every day in manual work each pond of throwing something and feeding generally speaking; 6 o'clock-8 o'clock morning, 4 o'clock-6 o'clock afternoon, respectively once the small fish of throwing something and feeding, freshwater mussel meat needed after rinsing, sterilization, throw something and feed; Be sprinkling upon dried up 5cm-8cm place on the feed table equably; It is 8%-10% of soft-shelled turtle gross weight that day is thrown the amount of raising, and each throwing is raised can eat up in the 2h and is as the criterion, and forbids additive and contains the steroids manufactured feed;
(6), daily management: the breed phase keeps water transparence about 25-35cm; When the transparency of Chi Shui is lower than 25cm; Should in time add and renew water, new water water temperature and former pond water temperature can not differ more than 3 ℃, add about new water 10cm at every turn; Should keep soft-shelled turtle pond surrounding environment quiet, in order to avoid noise or scaring influence food and the growth of soft-shelled turtle;
(7), disease control: every at a distance from 20-30 days, strong chlorine oil, BCDMH or the chlorine dioxide of in the soft-shelled turtle pond, splashing about 0.3mg/L carry out water body disinfection, in feed, add pharmaceutical composition, each 3-5 days about every other month; Every 100kg feed is mixed medicine 1-2kg, and pharmaceutical composition is made by the raw material of following weight parts: allicin 1-2, three bloom 2-5, pine needle meal 1-2; Gluten 1-4, Radix Isatidis 1-4, the rice wine 2-4 that is pickled with grains or in wine, barrenwort 1-2; Kudzu-vine root powder 1-2, Herba Andrographitis 3-5, hairyvein agrimony 3-8, immune polysaccharide 5-8; Compound vitamin 0.1-0.3, concave and convex rod stone powder 0.1-0.3, described compound vitamin refers to the mixture of vitamin and carrier; Carrier is a corn protein powder, and contains in every 1000g compound vitamin: vitamin A 800-1000 ten thousand IU, vitamin D
380-100 ten thousand IU, vitamin E 2-4 ten thousand IU, vitamin K
31-2g, Cobastab
18-10g, Cobastab
220-25g, Cobastab
65-10g, Cobastab
1280-100mg, folic acid 2-4g, nicotinic acid 20-50g, pantothenic acid 15-25g, vitamin C 100-200g mixes stirring with raw material pulverizing and makes pharmaceutical composition, whenever at a distance from about 15 days, drops into 1 EM bacterium liquid toward the pond, and its consumption is a 1-2kg/ mu.
Described a kind of soft-shelled turtle healthy ecology cultural method, it is characterized in that: the probability of described aerator is 1.1KW, described chemical enhancement agent is big grain oxygen.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, ecologic breeding has been optimized ecotope, has promoted to culture the material circulation in the waters, natural erbium material rich, few medicament; Reduced aquaculture cost, the soft-shelled turtle figure that supports well-balanced, carapace is glossy, the shirt rim is wide; Brawniness, article are of fine quality, mouthfeel good, favored by the consumer, the soft-shelled turtle that ecologic breeding is produced; Pollution-free, kept that wild soft-shelled turtle is former has good taste, be of high nutritive value, promoted the market value of soft-shelled turtle;
2, EM bacterium fluid power is regulated effectively and is cultured pond flora environment, regulates and cultures algae group rings border, pond, and beneficial microbe is bred in a large number, suppresses the growth of harmful bacterium, the invasion and attack of resisting external harmful bacterium.EM bacterium liquid is rich in rich in protein and vitamin, also contains active substance, can stimulate the immune system of soft-shelled turtle, improves the resistance against diseases of body, improves survival rate;
3, the soft-shelled turtle ecologic breeding noxious material in the water body of effectively degrading improves the pond ecotope, improves the availability of feed; Strengthen aquatic products body disease-resistant performance, promote the effects such as growth of aquaculture kind, can not only improve soft-shelled turtle output; The more important thing is and to improve the soft-shelled turtle quality; Can greatly increase the total yield, survival rate, rise and to catch average specification, reduce erbium material coefficient, improve the culturing economic benefit.
Embodiment
A kind of soft-shelled turtle healthy ecology cultural method is characterized in that:
Comprise that arrangement pond, seed are put in a suitable place to breed, pool oxygenation, transplanting pasture and water, feedstuff feeding, daily management, disease control;
May further comprise the steps:
(1), arrangement pond: mud 10cm is thick in the maintenance pond; Sterilize with quicklime 100kg dry method for every mu then; Second day again with the rake rake once; In the hope of sterilizing thoroughly; And the lime stone that will not melt sorts out the pond, tanned by the sun a week again in 4 days behind the post-consumer after, get final product water filling; Every mu of water surface is put into and is pulverized traditional Chinese medicine insecticide 2-3 kilogram immersion 3-4 hour, and the part by weight of the raw material components of traditional Chinese medicine insecticide is: cordate houttuynia 8-10, rhizoma zingiberis 8-10, chrysanthemum 8-10, mulberry leaf 8-10, field pennycress 8-10, kuh-seng 8-10, the old 8-10 of bacterium, rheum officinale 8-10, loguat leaf 8-10, seal chinaberry fruit 8-10, Chinese violet 8-10, folium isatidis 8-10, tarragon 8-10, juglandis folia 8-10, frutus cnidii 8-10, tuber of stemona 8-10, Fructus meliae toosendan 8-10; Will have around the pool and anti-ly escape facility, build flat roof and feed table in the pool, cultivating pool requires into, draining convenient, can independently advance, draining is convenient, put seedling before every mu of water body use the fertilizer 200kg of fermentation, make water body become peak green or yellow green;
(2), seed is put in a suitable place to breed: put the soft-shelled turtle kind in a suitable place to breed and require body surface gloss; Energetic, reaction is fast, neat specification, nothing are hindered, residual, worm, disease; Every mu of pond stocking size is 600 of 0.5-0.75kg/ soft-shelled turtle kinds only, and disinfection before the soft-shelled turtle pool is about the liquor potassic permanganate immersion soft-shelled turtle kind 15min with 20mg/L; Soaking solution was not advisable to have the soft-shelled turtle kind back of the body, to kill epizoon and pathogen;
(3), pool oxygenation: put in a suitable place to breed after the soft-shelled turtle kind preceding 3 months, the aerator of the 1.1KW that install in the pond is opened about 4h every day, and open about 8h every day in the breed phase later on, during every big oxygen of chemical enhancement agent of using at a distance from 20 days;
(4), transplant pasture and water: the soft-shelled turtle kind is transplanted water lettuce or water spinach before going into the pond, and the plantation area accounts for cultures 35% of the pond gross area;
(5), feedstuff feeding: the spiral shell of in the pond, throw in living before the soft-shelled turtle kind is put in a suitable place to breed, let its natural propagation as the natural erbium material of soft-shelled turtle, later every month every mu throw in 100kg, put the oogenesis freshwater shrimp again in a suitable place to breed, every month every mu throw in 100kg, for soft-shelled turtle provides erbium material alive;
Threw something and fed for 2 times by every day in manual work each pond of throwing something and feeding; 6 o'clock-8 o'clock morning, 4 o'clock-6 o'clock afternoon, respectively once the small fish of throwing something and feeding, freshwater mussel meat needed after rinsing, sterilization, throw something and feed; Be sprinkling upon dried up 5cmcm place on the feed table equably; It is 10% of soft-shelled turtle gross weight that day is thrown the amount of raising, and each throwing is raised can eat up in the 2h and is as the criterion, and forbids additive and contains the steroids manufactured feed;
(6), daily management: the breed phase keeps water transparence about 30cm; When the transparency of Chi Shui is lower than 25cm; Should in time add and renew water, new water water temperature and former pond water temperature can not differ more than 3 ℃, add about new water 10cm at every turn; Should keep soft-shelled turtle pond surrounding environment quiet, in order to avoid noise or scaring influence food and the growth of soft-shelled turtle;
(7), disease control: every at a distance from 30 days, strong chlorine oil, BCDMH or the chlorine dioxide of the 0.3mg/L that in the soft-shelled turtle pond, splashes carry out water body disinfection, in feed, add pharmaceutical composition, each 3 days about every other month; Every 100kg feed is mixed medicine 2kg, and pharmaceutical composition is made by the raw material of following weight parts: allicin 1, three bloom 4, pine needle meal 2; Gluten 1, Radix Isatidis 1, rice wine is pickled with grains or in wine 2, barrenwort 1; Kudzu-vine root powder 1, Herba Andrographitis 3, hairyvein agrimony 3, immune polysaccharide 5; Compound vitamin 0.1, concave and convex rod stone powder 0.1, described compound vitamin refers to the mixture of vitamin and carrier; Carrier is a corn protein powder, and contains in every 1000g compound vitamin: vitamin A 8,000,000 IU, vitamin D
31,000,000 IU, vitamin E 40,000 IU, vitamin K
32g, Cobastab
110g, Cobastab
225g, Cobastab
610g, Cobastab
12100mg, folic acid 4g, nicotinic acid 50g, pantothenic acid 25g, vitamin C 200g mixes stirring with raw material pulverizing and makes pharmaceutical composition, whenever drops into 1 EM bacterium liquid at a distance from 15 days toward the pond, and its consumption is a 1kg/ mu.
The survival rate of present embodiment is about 92%, and the survival rate of conventional breeding soft-shell turtle is about 88%, and survival rate improves about 4%; Erbium material coefficient is 4.8, and the erbium material coefficient of conventional breeding soft-shell turtle is about 5.5, and erbium material coefficient reduces about 0.7; Present embodiment institute business men article soft-shelled turtle specification is 1.33kg, and the commodity soft-shelled turtle specification of conventional breeding soft-shell turtle is about 1.07kg, and specification improves about 0.26 kg.
Claims (2)
1. soft-shelled turtle healthy ecology cultural method is characterized in that:
Comprise that arrangement pond, seed are put in a suitable place to breed, pool oxygenation, transplanting pasture and water, feedstuff feeding, daily management, disease control;
May further comprise the steps:
(1), arrangement pond: mud 8-10cm is thick in the maintenance pond; Sterilize with quicklime 80-100kg dry method for every mu then; Second day again with the rake rake once; In the hope of sterilizing thoroughly; And the lime stone that will not melt sorts out the pond, tanned by the sun a week again in 3-4 days behind the post-consumer after, get final product water filling; Every mu of water surface is put into and is pulverized traditional Chinese medicine insecticide 2-3 kilogram immersion 3-4 hour, and the part by weight of the raw material components of traditional Chinese medicine insecticide is: cordate houttuynia 8-10, rhizoma zingiberis 8-10, chrysanthemum 8-10, mulberry leaf 8-10, field pennycress 8-10, kuh-seng 8-10, the old 8-10 of bacterium, rheum officinale 8-10, loguat leaf 8-10, seal chinaberry fruit 8-10, Chinese violet 8-10, folium isatidis 8-10, tarragon 8-10, juglandis folia 8-10, frutus cnidii 8-10, tuber of stemona 8-10, Fructus meliae toosendan 8-10; The anti-facility of escaping will be arranged all around; Build flat roof and feed table in the pool, cultivating pool requires into, draining is convenient, can independently advance, draining is convenient; Every mu of water body is used the fertilizer 200-300kg or the inorganic composite fertilizer 10-15kg of fermentation before putting seedling, makes water body become peak green or yellow green;
(2), seed is put in a suitable place to breed: put the soft-shelled turtle kind in a suitable place to breed and require body surface gloss; Energetic, reaction is fast, neat specification, nothing are hindered, residual, worm, disease; Every mu of pond stocking size is 0.5-0.75kg/ soft-shelled turtle kind 600-700 only, and disinfection before the soft-shelled turtle pool is soaked about soft-shelled turtle kind 15min with liquor potassic permanganate about 20mg/L or 3%-5% saline solution; Soaking solution was not advisable to have the soft-shelled turtle kind back of the body, to kill epizoon and pathogen;
(3), pool oxygenation: put in a suitable place to breed after the soft-shelled turtle kind preceding 3 months, the aerator that install in the pond is opened about 4h every day, and open about 8h every day in the breed phase later on, during whenever used the chemical enhancement agent at a distance from 15-20 days;
(4), transplant pasture and water: the soft-shelled turtle kind is transplanted water lettuce or water spinach before going into the pond, and the plantation area accounts for the 25-40% that cultures the pond gross area;
(5), feedstuff feeding: in the pond, throw in the spiral shell of living before the soft-shelled turtle kind is put in a suitable place to breed; Let its natural propagation as the natural erbium material of soft-shelled turtle, later every month every mu throw in 100-150kg, put the oogenesis freshwater shrimp again in a suitable place to breed; Every month every mu of input 100-150kg is for soft-shelled turtle provides erbium material alive;
Threw something and fed for 2 times by every day in manual work each pond of throwing something and feeding generally speaking; 6 o'clock-8 o'clock morning, 4 o'clock-6 o'clock afternoon, respectively once the small fish of throwing something and feeding, freshwater mussel meat needed after rinsing, sterilization, throw something and feed; Be sprinkling upon dried up 5cm-8cm place on the feed table equably; It is 8%-10% of soft-shelled turtle gross weight that day is thrown the amount of raising, and each throwing is raised can eat up in the 2h and is as the criterion, and forbids additive and contains the steroids manufactured feed;
(6), daily management: the breed phase keeps water transparence about 25-35cm; When the transparency of Chi Shui is lower than 25cm; Should in time add and renew water, new water water temperature and former pond water temperature can not differ more than 3 ℃, add about new water 10cm at every turn; Should keep soft-shelled turtle pond surrounding environment quiet, in order to avoid noise or scaring influence food and the growth of soft-shelled turtle;
(7), disease control: every at a distance from 20-30 days, strong chlorine oil, BCDMH or the chlorine dioxide of in the soft-shelled turtle pond, splashing about 0.3mg/L carry out water body disinfection, in feed, add pharmaceutical composition, each 3-5 days about every other month; Every 100kg feed is mixed medicine 1-2kg, and pharmaceutical composition is made by the raw material of following weight parts: allicin 1-2, three bloom 2-5, pine needle meal 1-2; Gluten 1-4, Radix Isatidis 1-4, the rice wine 2-4 that is pickled with grains or in wine, barrenwort 1-2; Kudzu-vine root powder 1-2, Herba Andrographitis 3-5, hairyvein agrimony 3-8, immune polysaccharide 5-8; Compound vitamin 0.1-0.3, concave and convex rod stone powder 0.1-0.3, described compound vitamin refers to the mixture of vitamin and carrier; Carrier is a corn protein powder, and contains in every 1000g compound vitamin: vitamin A 800-1000 ten thousand IU, vitamin D
380-100 ten thousand IU, vitamin E 2-4 ten thousand IU, vitamin K
31-2g, Cobastab
18-10g, Cobastab
220-25g, Cobastab
65-10g, Cobastab
1280-100mg, folic acid 2-4g, nicotinic acid 20-50g, pantothenic acid 15-25g, vitamin C 100-200g mixes stirring with raw material pulverizing and makes pharmaceutical composition, whenever at a distance from about 15 days, drops into 1 EM bacterium liquid toward the pond, and its consumption is a 1-2kg/ mu.
2. a kind of soft-shelled turtle healthy ecology cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the probability of described aerator is 1.1KW, described chemical enhancement agent is big grain oxygen.
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| CN103598137A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-02-26 | 苏州市相城区盛胡特种养殖专业合作社 | Soft-shelled turtle breeding method |
| CN104054633A (en) * | 2014-07-15 | 2014-09-24 | 句容市福源水产品养殖场 | Method for breeding soft-shelled turtles |
| CN104067981A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2014-10-01 | 北海市铁山港区华俊养殖有限公司 | Method for preventing disease of tortoise |
| CN104304161A (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2015-01-28 | 和县善厚水产养殖场 | Large-scale pond culture method for soft-shelled turtles |
| CN105075978A (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2015-11-25 | 彭锦辉 | Method for culture soft-shelled turtles in lake area of fresh-water lake |
| CN105075975A (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2015-11-25 | 安徽省黄淮甲鱼良种繁育有限公司 | Greenhouse breeding method for soft-shelled turtles |
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