CN114158504A - Method for preventing and treating diseases of rice and shrimps - Google Patents
Method for preventing and treating diseases of rice and shrimps Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114158504A CN114158504A CN202111390805.8A CN202111390805A CN114158504A CN 114158504 A CN114158504 A CN 114158504A CN 202111390805 A CN202111390805 A CN 202111390805A CN 114158504 A CN114158504 A CN 114158504A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- shrimp
- rice
- extract
- liquid medicine
- domesticated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 241000143060 Americamysis bahia Species 0.000 title claims 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title abstract description 41
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000009141 Houttuynia cordata plant extract Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 244000152045 Themeda triandra Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 240000004922 Vigna radiata Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000010721 Vigna radiata var radiata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000011469 Vigna radiata var sublobata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000009917 Crataegus X brevipes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000013204 Crataegus X haemacarpa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000009685 Crataegus X maligna Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000009444 Crataegus X rubrocarnea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000009486 Crataegus bullatus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000017181 Crataegus chrysocarpa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000009682 Crataegus limnophila Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000004423 Crataegus monogyna Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000002313 Crataegus paludosa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000009840 Crataegus x incaedua Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 241001247197 Cephalocarida Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 244000061508 Eriobotrya japonica Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000009008 Eriobotrya japonica Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000254109 Tenebrio molitor Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000228347 Monascus <ascomycete fungus> Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000133262 Nauplius Species 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000013123 dwarf bean Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims 13
- 241000179442 Anacharis Species 0.000 claims 2
- 240000000171 Crataegus monogyna Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000729196 Lycopus lucidus Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000238017 Astacoidea Species 0.000 abstract description 16
- 241001113556 Elodea Species 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 241001092040 Crataegus Species 0.000 description 7
- 241000238030 Procambarus clarkii Species 0.000 description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- UAJTZZNRJCKXJN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-dodecoxy-2-oxoethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CS([O-])(=O)=O UAJTZZNRJCKXJN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 241000742679 Coprosma repens Species 0.000 description 2
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000555925 Elodea nuttallii Species 0.000 description 2
- WSMYVTOQOOLQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malondialdehyde Chemical compound O=CCC=O WSMYVTOQOOLQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000113306 Monascus purpureus Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000002322 Monascus purpureus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940057059 monascus purpureus Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000118350 Andrographis paniculata Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000001405 Artemisia annua Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000000011 Artemisia annua Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000758794 Asarum Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000013717 Houttuynia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000000691 Houttuynia cordata Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000052355 Hydrilla verticillata Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000555922 Potamogeton crispus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001123263 Zostera Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004485 bait concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012531 culture fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008260 defense mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000012969 defense response to bacterium Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012631 food intake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000002381 plasma Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
- A01K61/13—Prevention or treatment of fish diseases
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for preventing and treating rice and shrimp diseases, which comprises the following steps: after the land is disinfected and ploughed, covering pond bottom mud with the thickness of 0.8-1.2cm at the bottom of the pond, planting the waterweed in the pond, and putting in domesticated shrimp seedlings after the seedlings are transplanted for 8-10 days; domesticating shrimp larvae: soaking the shrimp larvae in the compound liquid medicine step by step to obtain domesticated shrimp larvae; the compound liquid medicine is obtained by mixing medicated leaven fermentation liquor and green soybean milk, wherein the medicated leaven fermentation liquor is obtained by adding spore suspension into straw, houttuynia cordata extract, folium sennae extract, folium eriobotryae extract and herba Polygoni Caespitosi powder for culturing; feeding baits: feeding artificial bait for 2 times every day; feeding artificial baits for 1 time every day after culturing for 50-60 days; and finally, managing the water and fertilizer. The method for preventing and treating the diseases of the rice shrimps not only reduces the feed coefficient, promotes the rapid growth of the crayfish, but also enhances the immunity of the crayfish, thereby reducing the morbidity and improving the quality of the crayfish cultured in the rice field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of disease control, in particular to a method for controlling rice and shrimp diseases.
Background
Crayfish (Procambarus clarkii), also known as Procambarus clarkii, red crayfish and freshwater crayfish. At present, a mode of combining rice field cultivation and crayfish cultivation is adopted, and the mode is a good mode of green cycle development of modern agriculture. However, the chemical control agent applied in the rice field easily affects the growth condition of the crayfish, not only the growth performance is reduced, the morbidity is increased, but also the bait utilization rate is low, and the health degree is seriously reduced.
Chinese patent CN110506587A discloses a cultivation method for preventing and treating rice and shrimp coexisting diseases, which comprises the following specific steps: modifying the rice field, cleaning trash fish and rotten grass before putting shrimp larvae, putting shrimp larvae when the rice grows to the tillering stage, feeding small fish and minced meat as feed, and managing water quality; china CN110663600A discloses a method for preventing and treating shrimp diseases in paddy field, which comprises the specific steps of planting waterweed, eel grass, hydrilla verticillata and curly pondweed in a shrimp culturing ditch, putting andrographis paniculata, sweet wormwood herb and heartleaf houttuynia herb as bait, and changing water for the shrimp culturing ditch every 2-3 days. The above patents do not address the problem of the influence of feed and the immunity of crayfish in the breeding environment.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a method for controlling diseases of rice and shrimp, which solves the above problems.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a method for controlling diseases of rice and shrimp, comprising the steps of:
step S1 Rice field treatment: after the land is disinfected and ploughed, covering pond bottom mud with the thickness of 0.8-1.2cm at the bottom of the pond, wherein the area of the pond bottom mud is 35-45% of the area of the rice field, planting the elodea nutans in the pond, the planting area of the elodea nutans is 20-30% of the area of the rice field, and feeding domesticated shrimp seedlings after the seedlings are transplanted for 8-10 days;
step S2 domestication of shrimp fries: soaking the shrimp larvae in the compound liquid medicine step by step to obtain domesticated shrimp larvae;
the composite liquid medicine is prepared by mixing the following components in a volume ratio of 1-2: 0.5-0.8 of medicated leaven fermentation liquid and green soybean milk liquid; wherein the medicated leaven fermentation liquor is prepared by adding spore suspension into straw, herba Houttuyniae extract, folium sennae extract, folium Eriobotryae extract and herba Polygoni Caudati powder and culturing;
step S3 bait feeding: feeding artificial bait for 2 times every day, wherein the weight of the fed domesticated shrimp larvae is 10-12% in the morning, and the weight of the fed domesticated shrimp larvae is 20-30% in the evening; feeding artificial baits for 1 time every day after 50-60 days of culture, and feeding domesticated shrimp seeds 20-22% of the weight of the domesticated shrimp seeds at night;
step S4 water and fertilizer management: setting the water depth of the seedling to be 5-8cm, the water depth in the ditch to be 40-50cm, the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the water body to be 5.6-7.8mg/L, and changing water every 12-15 days.
Further indicates that the organic matter content of the pond bottom mud is more than or equal to 25 percent.
Further, the domesticated shrimp larvae are put in a dosage of 3800 and 4500 tails/mu.
Further, the preparation method of the medicated leaven fermentation liquor comprises the following steps: adding water into straws, soaking, cooking, cooling to 30-40 ℃, adding a houttuynia cordata extract, a folium sennae extract, a folium eriobotryae extract and herba polygoni multiflori praeparatum powder to obtain a mixed solution, adding 5-6 wt% of spore suspension according to the mixed solution, culturing at the temperature of 32-36 ℃ and the relative humidity of 85-95% for 60-70h to obtain medicated leaven fermentation liquor; the mass ratio of the straw, the water, the houttuynia cordata extract, the folium sennae extract, the loquat leaf extract and the red bluegrass powder is 5-8: 6-10: 3-5: 0.2-0.6: 2-3: 2-3; the fermented product has certain antibacterial components.
Further, the spore suspension is prepared by mixing the following components in a volume ratio of 1: 1-1.2, mixing monascus spore culture solution and bacillus subtilis culture solution; the spore number of the monascus spore culture solution is more than or equal to 106Per mL; the total number of the bacillus subtilis culture solution is more than or equal to 108cfu/mL; the bacillus subtilis is singly used and is easy to become a dominant strain, spores are caused to grow vigorously due to easy propagation in water, water nutrient components are absorbed, the monascus is adopted, the growth of the bacillus subtilis can be balanced, the enzyme activity of a fermentation product of the bacillus subtilis can be enhanced, and the growth and development of rice shrimps can be further promoted.
Further, the preparation method of the green bean milk comprises the following steps: according to the mass ratio of the feed liquid of 1: 5-6, adding water into mung bean, decocting at 85-95 deg.C for 15-25min, adding water, decocting for 2-3 times, filtering, mixing filtrates, and concentrating to obtain mung bean slurry.
Further, in step S2, the step-by-step soaking of the composite liquid medicine includes a first step of soaking the shrimp larvae in the composite liquid medicine having a mass concentration of 20-30% and a second step of soaking the shrimp larvae in the composite liquid medicine having a mass concentration of 40-50%.
Further, the temperature of the compound liquid medicine in the first step is 28-30.5 ℃, and the soaking time is 20-25 min; the temperature of the compound liquid medicine in the second step is 26-28 ℃, and the soaking time is 30-40 min; the adaptive temperature is favorable for promoting the activity of the young shrimps and stimulating the ingestion rate of the young shrimps, the stress reaction is easily stimulated after the long soaking time, and the soaking time is controlled to be a certain extent and is gradually prolonged, so that the young shrimps are adaptive to the components and the taste of the compound liquid medicine.
Further explaining, in the step S3, the artificial bait also comprises spraying composite liquid medicine before feeding, wherein 200-300g of composite liquid medicine is sprayed for every 1kg of artificial bait; the control of the proper concentration of the compound liquid medicine is helpful to maintain the quality of the water environment.
Further explaining, the artificial bait comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of yellow mealworm, 8-12 parts of artemia nauplius, 8-12 parts of minced trash fish meat and 22-32 parts of hawthorn powder.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the method, through the steps of rice field treatment, compound liquid medicine domestication of shrimp seedlings, bait feeding and water manure management, the internal and external environments are mutually coordinated and combined, the rice field treatment and the water manure management coordinate the living environment of the rice shrimps, the domestication of the shrimp seedlings and the bait feeding coordinate the internal environment stability of the rice shrimps, the bait coefficient can be fully reduced, the food intake of the rice shrimps is increased, the rapid growth of the rice shrimps is promoted, the synergistic effect of the drug yeast fermentation liquid and the green soybean milk is utilized, the disease-resistant antibacterial defense mechanism of the rice shrimps is activated, the intestinal flora is conditioned, and the immunity of the rice shrimps is enhanced, so that the morbidity is reduced; the method for preventing and treating the diseases of the rice and the shrimps is simple to operate, harmless to the seedlings, green and environment-friendly, remarkable in effect and suitable for large-scale popularization.
(2) In addition, the invention adopts the step-by-step soaking of the composite liquid medicine to domesticate the shrimp larvae, can reduce the stress reaction of the shrimp larvae and is beneficial to improving the adaptability of the shrimp larvae to the composite liquid medicine; the artificial bait concentrate selects yellow meal worm, artemia nauplii, minced trash fish meat and hawthorn powder, is scientifically proportioned, promotes digestion and absorption of rice shrimps and improves disease resistance on one hand, and further reduces bait coefficient and accelerates growth and development of the rice shrimps by being combined with compound liquid medicine on the other hand.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the invention, specific examples are provided below to further illustrate the invention.
The experimental methods used in the examples of the present invention are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
The materials, reagents and the like used in the examples of the present invention can be obtained commercially without specific description.
The test is carried out in the cultivation base of rice and shrimp in the northern village of the Jinjiang town pond in Chengmei county, the rice field is divided into 7 areas, and the area of each area is about 500m2；
Herba Houttuyniae extract, folium sennae extract and folium Eriobotryae extract are prepared by decocting herba Houttuyniae, folium sennae and folium Eriobotryae in water respectively, and concentrating to obtain herba Blumeae Laciniatae powder.
Example 1
A method for controlling diseases of rice and shrimp, comprising the steps of:
step S1 Rice field treatment: after disinfecting and ploughing the land, covering pond bottom mud with the thickness of 1.2cm and the organic matter content of 25%, wherein the area of the pond bottom mud is 42% of the area of the rice field, planting the elodea nuttallii in the pond, wherein the planting area of the elodea nuttallii is 30% of the area of the rice field, and after seedlings are transplanted for 10 days, feeding acclimatized shrimp seedlings with the feeding amount of 4500 tails/mu;
step S2 domestication of shrimp fries: soaking the young shrimps in a composite liquid medicine with the temperature of 30.5 ℃ and the mass concentration of 30% for 25min, taking out the young shrimps, and soaking the young shrimps in the composite liquid medicine with the temperature of 28 ℃ and the mass concentration of 50% for 40min again to obtain domesticated young shrimps;
the preparation method of the composite liquid medicine comprises the following steps:
(1) medicated leaven fermentation liquor: according to the mass ratio of straw, water, houttuynia cordata extract, folium lycopi extract, loquat leaf extract and red bluegrass powder of 8: 10: 5: 0.6: 3: 3, adding water into the straws, soaking, cooking, cooling to 40 ℃, adding a houttuynia cordata extract, a hiraute shiny-leaf extract, a loquat leaf extract and a bluegrass powder to obtain a mixed solution, adding 6 wt% of spore suspension according to the mixed solution, culturing for 60 hours at the temperature of 32 ℃ and the relative humidity of 85% to obtain medicated leaven fermentation liquor; wherein the spore suspension is prepared by volumeThe ratio is 1: 1, culturing Monascus purpureus spore (spore number is 10)6One cell/mL) and a Bacillus subtilis culture medium (total bacteria number is 10)8cfu/mL);
(2) green bean milk liquid: according to the mass ratio of the feed liquid of 1: 5, adding water into mung beans, decocting for 15min at 95 ℃, adding water, repeatedly decocting for 3 times, filtering, combining filtrates, and concentrating to obtain mung bean milk;
(3) compounding liquid medicine: according to the volume ratio of 2: 0.7, mixing the medicated leaven fermentation liquor and the green soybean milk, and stirring to obtain a compound liquid medicine;
step S3 bait feeding: feeding artificial bait for 2 times every day, wherein the weight of the fed domesticated shrimp larvae is 12% in the morning, and the weight of the fed domesticated shrimp larvae is 30% in the evening; feeding artificial baits for 1 time every day after culturing for 60 days, and feeding 22 percent of the weight of the domesticated shrimp seedlings at night; wherein, the artificial bait comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of yellow mealworms, 12 parts of artemia nauplii, 12 parts of minced trash fish meat and 32 parts of hawthorn powder, spraying composite liquid medicine before feeding artificial bait, and spraying 300g of composite liquid medicine for every 1kg of artificial bait;
step S4 water and fertilizer management: setting the water depth of the seedlings to be 8cm, setting the water depth in the ditch to be 50cm, setting the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the water body to be 7.8mg/L, and changing water every 15 days.
Example 2
A method for controlling diseases of rice and shrimp, comprising the steps of:
step S1 Rice field treatment: after the land is disinfected and ploughed, covering pond bottom mud with the thickness of 0.8cm and the organic matter content of 25%, wherein the area of the pond bottom mud is 36% of the area of the rice field, planting the elodea nutans in the pond, wherein the planting area of the elodea nutans is 25% of the area of the rice field, and after the seedlings are transplanted for 8 days, feeding the domesticated shrimp seedlings with the feeding amount of 4000 tails/mu;
step S2 domestication of shrimp fries: soaking the shrimp larvae in a compound liquid medicine with the temperature of 28 ℃ and the mass concentration of 20% for 20min, taking out the shrimp larvae, and soaking the shrimp larvae in the compound liquid medicine with the temperature of 26 ℃ and the mass concentration of 40% for 30min again to obtain domesticated shrimp larvae;
the preparation method of the composite liquid medicine comprises the following steps:
(1) medicated leaven fermentation liquor: according to the straw and waterThe mass ratio of the houttuynia cordata extract to the folium lycopi extract to the folium eriobotryae extract to the red bluegrass powder is 5: 6: 3: 0.4: 2: 2, adding water into straws, soaking, cooking, cooling to 30 ℃, adding a houttuynia cordata extract, a hiraute shiny-leaf extract, a loquat leaf extract and a bluegrass powder to obtain a mixed solution, adding 5 wt% of spore suspension according to the mixed solution, culturing at 32 ℃ and a relative humidity of 90% for 70 hours to obtain a medicated leaven fermentation liquor; wherein the spore suspension is prepared from the following components in a volume ratio of 1: 1.2, Monascus purpureus spore culture fluid (spore number is 10)7One cell/mL) and a Bacillus subtilis culture medium (total bacteria number is 10)9cfu/mL);
(2) green bean milk liquid: according to the mass ratio of the feed liquid of 1: 6, adding water into mung bean, decocting at 85 ℃ for 25min, adding water, decocting for 2 times, filtering, mixing filtrates, and concentrating to obtain mung bean milk;
(3) compounding liquid medicine: according to the volume ratio of 2: 0.6, mixing the medicated leaven fermentation liquor and the green soybean milk, and stirring to obtain a compound liquid medicine;
step S3 bait feeding: feeding artificial bait for 2 times every day, wherein the weight of the fed domesticated shrimp larvae is 10% in the morning, and the weight of the fed domesticated shrimp larvae is 20% in the evening; feeding artificial baits for 1 time every day after 50 days of cultivation, and feeding domesticated shrimp seeds 20 percent of the weight of the domesticated shrimp seeds at night; wherein, the artificial bait comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of yellow mealworms, 10 parts of artemia nauplii, 10 parts of minced trash fish meat and 26 parts of hawthorn powder, spraying composite liquid medicine before feeding artificial bait, and spraying 220g of composite liquid medicine for every 1kg of artificial bait;
step S4 water and fertilizer management: the water depth of the seedlings is set to be 6cm, the water depth in the ditch is 40cm, the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the water body is 5.6mg/L, and water is changed every 12 days.
Example 3
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that in step S3, the artificial bait is not sprayed with the compound liquid before feeding, and the specific steps are as follows: feeding artificial bait for 2 times every day, wherein the weight of the fed domesticated shrimp larvae is 10% in the morning, and the weight of the fed domesticated shrimp larvae is 20% in the evening; feeding artificial baits for 1 time every day after 50 days of cultivation, and feeding domesticated shrimp seeds 20 percent of the weight of the domesticated shrimp seeds at night; wherein, the artificial bait comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of yellow mealworm, 10 parts of artemia nauplius, 10 parts of minced trash fish meat and 26 parts of hawthorn powder.
Example 4
The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 2 is that the artificial bait does not contain hawthorn powder, and the proportion of the components is adjusted, and the specific steps are as follows: feeding artificial bait for 2 times every day, wherein the weight of the fed domesticated shrimp larvae is 10% in the morning, and the weight of the fed domesticated shrimp larvae is 20% in the evening; feeding artificial baits for 1 time every day after 50 days of cultivation, and feeding domesticated shrimp seeds 20 percent of the weight of the domesticated shrimp seeds at night; wherein, the artificial bait comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of yellow mealworm, 20 parts of artemia nauplius and 15 parts of minced trash fish meat.
Comparative example 1
The difference between the comparative example and the example 2 is that in the step S2, the shrimp larvae are not soaked in the compound liquid medicine step by step, and the specific steps are as follows: soaking the shrimp larvae into a compound liquid medicine with the temperature of 28 ℃ and the mass concentration of 50% for 40min to obtain domesticated shrimp larvae; the rest of the procedure was the same as in example 2.
Comparative example 2
The difference between the comparative example and the example 2 is that the mung bean milk is not added into the composite liquid medicine, the single medicated leaven fermentation liquid is used as the composite liquid medicine, and the rest steps are the same as the example 2.
Comparative example 3
The difference between the comparative example and the example 2 is that the preparation method of the medicated leaven fermentation liquid is different, the medicated leaven fermentation liquid is obtained by adding bacterial culture liquid for culture, and the concrete steps are as follows: according to the mass ratio of the straw, water, the houttuynia cordata extract, the folium lycopi extract, the loquat leaf extract and the red bluegrass powder of 5: 6: 3: 0.4: 2: 2, adding water into the straws, soaking, cooking, cooling to 30 ℃, adding houttuynia cordata extract, folium sennae extract, folium eriobotryae extract and bluegrass powder to obtain a mixed solution, and adding 5 wt% of bacillus subtilis culture solution (the total bacteria number is 10) based on the mixed solution9cfu/mL), at 32 ℃ and with relative humidity of 90 percent, culturing for 70h to obtain a medicinal starter fermentation liquid; the rest of the procedure was the same as in example 2.
Test examples
Culturing until 90 days, randomly selecting 200 procambarus clarkia to measure specific growth rate, feed coefficient, morbidity, total antioxidant capacity and malonaldehyde content, wherein the total morbidity is estimated according to the sample amount; determining the total antioxidant capacity and the malonaldehyde content in the blood plasma by using a kit;
the specific growth rate is calculated as follows:
wherein, W1The total weight of the procambarus clarkii at the end of the culture, W0T is the total weight of the shrimp larvae when the shrimp larvae are put in, and t is the number of days for cultivation;
the bait coefficient is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein M is the total weight of the bait, W1The total weight of the procambarus clarkii at the end of the culture, W0The total weight of the shrimp larvae when the shrimp larvae are thrown in;
the results of the experiment are shown in table 1 below:
as can be seen from the above table, the procambarus clarkii shows that the rice shrimp breeding methods of the embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention not only reduce the feed coefficient, promote the rapid growth of the crayfish, but also enhance the immunity of the crayfish itself, and can activate the defense mechanism against germs when the crayfish is bred in the rice field, thereby reducing the morbidity and improving the quality of the crayfish bred in the rice field; example 3 shows that spraying of the compound liquid medicine on the artificial bait is beneficial to reducing the bait coefficient and improving the disease resistance of the crayfish; example 4 shows that the addition of hawthorn powder to artificial bait is beneficial to the effect of the composite liquid medicine, and the artificial bait with excessive high protein is not easy to digest and absorb, so that the growth rate of the crayfish is slow.
Comparative example 1 shows that the stress reaction of the young shrimps can be reduced by soaking the compound liquid medicine step by step to promote the young shrimps to adapt to the components of the compound liquid medicine; the comparative example 2 shows that the green soya-bean milk can condition intestinal flora, reduce the absorption of toxic and harmful substances by gastrointestinal tracts and enhance the immunity of crayfish; comparative example 3 the bacillus subtilis is used singly for fermentation, thus easily strengthening the growth of spores to cause continuous death and even influencing the water quality environment.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preventing and treating diseases of rice and shrimp is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1 Rice field treatment: after the land is disinfected and ploughed, covering pond bottom mud with the thickness of 0.8-1.2cm at the bottom of the pond, wherein the area of the pond bottom mud is 35-45% of the area of the rice field, planting the elodea nutans in the pond, the planting area of the elodea nutans is 20-30% of the area of the rice field, and feeding domesticated shrimp seedlings after the seedlings are transplanted for 8-10 days;
step S2 domestication of shrimp fries: soaking the shrimp larvae in the compound liquid medicine step by step to obtain domesticated shrimp larvae;
the composite liquid medicine is prepared by mixing the following components in a volume ratio of 1-2: 0.5-0.8 of medicated leaven fermentation liquid and green soybean milk liquid; the medicated leaven fermentation liquor is prepared by adding spore suspension into straw, houttuynia cordata extract, hiraute shiny bugleweed herb extract, loquat leaf extract and red bluegrass powder for culturing;
step S3 bait feeding: feeding artificial bait for 2 times every day, wherein the weight of the fed domesticated shrimp larvae is 10-12% in the morning, and the weight of the fed domesticated shrimp larvae is 20-30% in the evening; feeding artificial baits for 1 time every day after 50-60 days of culture, and feeding domesticated shrimp seeds 20-22% of the weight of the domesticated shrimp seeds at night;
step S4 water and fertilizer management: setting the water depth of the seedling to be 5-8cm, the water depth in the ditch to be 40-50cm, the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the water body to be 5.6-7.8mg/L, and changing water every 12-15 days.
2. The method for preventing and treating the diseases of the rice and the shrimps as claimed in claim 1, wherein the organic matter content of the pond bottom mud is more than or equal to 25%.
3. The method for controlling diseases in rice and shrimp according to claim 1, wherein the amount of said acclimated shrimp larvae is 3800 and 4500 larvae/acre in step S1.
4. The method for controlling diseases of rice and shrimp according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the yeast fermentation liquid comprises the steps of: adding water into straws, soaking, cooking, cooling to 30-40 ℃, adding a houttuynia cordata extract, a folium sennae extract, a folium eriobotryae extract and herba polygoni multiflori praeparatum powder to obtain a mixed solution, adding 5-6 wt% of spore suspension according to the mixed solution, culturing at the temperature of 32-36 ℃ and the relative humidity of 85-95% for 60-70h to obtain medicated leaven fermentation liquor; the mass ratio of the straw, the water, the houttuynia cordata extract, the folium sennae extract, the loquat leaf extract and the red bluegrass powder is 5-8: 6-10: 3-5: 0.2-0.6: 2-3: 2-3.
5. A method for controlling diseases of rice and shrimp according to claim 4, wherein said spore suspension is prepared by mixing the following components in a volume ratio of 1: 1-1.2, mixing monascus spore culture solution and bacillus subtilis culture solution; the spore number of the monascus spore culture solution is more than or equal to 106Per mL; the total number of the bacillus subtilis culture solution is more than or equal to 108cfu/mL。
6. The method for controlling diseases of rice and shrimp according to claim 1, wherein the method for preparing the green bean milk comprises the steps of: according to the mass ratio of the feed liquid of 1: 5-6, adding water into mung bean, decocting at 85-95 deg.C for 15-25min, adding water, decocting for 2-3 times, filtering, mixing filtrates, and concentrating to obtain mung bean slurry.
7. The method for controlling rice and shrimp diseases according to claim 1, wherein the step-by-step soaking of the composite chemical solution comprises a first step of soaking the shrimp seeds in the composite chemical solution having a mass concentration of 20-30% and a second step of soaking the shrimp seeds in the composite chemical solution having a mass concentration of 40-50% in step S2.
8. The method for preventing and treating diseases of rice and shrimp according to claim 7, wherein the temperature of the first-step composite liquid medicine is 28-30.5 ℃, and the soaking time is 20-25 min; the temperature of the composite liquid medicine in the second step is 26-28 ℃, and the soaking time is 30-40 min.
9. The method for preventing and treating diseases of rice and shrimp according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the artificial bait is sprayed with a compound liquid medicine before feeding, and 200 g of the compound liquid medicine is sprayed for every 1kg of the artificial bait.
10. The method for controlling diseases of rice and shrimp according to claim 1, wherein the artificial bait comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of yellow mealworm, 8-12 parts of artemia nauplius, 8-12 parts of minced trash fish meat and 22-32 parts of hawthorn powder.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111390805.8A CN114158504A (en) | 2021-11-23 | 2021-11-23 | Method for preventing and treating diseases of rice and shrimps |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111390805.8A CN114158504A (en) | 2021-11-23 | 2021-11-23 | Method for preventing and treating diseases of rice and shrimps |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114158504A true CN114158504A (en) | 2022-03-11 |
Family
ID=80480205
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111390805.8A Pending CN114158504A (en) | 2021-11-23 | 2021-11-23 | Method for preventing and treating diseases of rice and shrimps |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114158504A (en) |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101161062A (en) * | 2007-10-08 | 2008-04-16 | 华中农业大学 | A method for breeding ricefield eel and kirschner crawfish is same cistern |
| CN102177868A (en) * | 2011-04-14 | 2011-09-14 | 盘锦每日集团有限公司 | Method for pond three-dimensional (3D) culture of Chinese prawns |
| CN102696536A (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2012-10-03 | 李进村 | Healthy ecological turtle breeding method |
| CN104621024A (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2015-05-20 | 天津渤海水产研究所 | Anti-season penaeus vanmamei factory culture method |
| CN106581152A (en) * | 2017-02-06 | 2017-04-26 | 青岛农业大学 | Chinese herb composite liquid capable of effectively enhancing immunity and disease resistance of penaeus orientalis |
| CN106665441A (en) * | 2016-11-26 | 2017-05-17 | 全椒县民族水产养殖专业合作社 | High-yield chicken lobster breeding method |
| CN107951960A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-04-24 | 卢惠 | A kind of Chinese herbal medicine brine for prawn culturing |
| CN107951961A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-04-24 | 卢惠 | A kind of Chinese-herb disinfectant for prawn culturing |
| CN109006609A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2018-12-18 | 黎建波 | A kind of high-quality three-dimensional interaction breeding method of cray ecology |
-
2021
- 2021-11-23 CN CN202111390805.8A patent/CN114158504A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101161062A (en) * | 2007-10-08 | 2008-04-16 | 华中农业大学 | A method for breeding ricefield eel and kirschner crawfish is same cistern |
| CN102177868A (en) * | 2011-04-14 | 2011-09-14 | 盘锦每日集团有限公司 | Method for pond three-dimensional (3D) culture of Chinese prawns |
| CN102696536A (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2012-10-03 | 李进村 | Healthy ecological turtle breeding method |
| CN104621024A (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2015-05-20 | 天津渤海水产研究所 | Anti-season penaeus vanmamei factory culture method |
| CN106665441A (en) * | 2016-11-26 | 2017-05-17 | 全椒县民族水产养殖专业合作社 | High-yield chicken lobster breeding method |
| CN106581152A (en) * | 2017-02-06 | 2017-04-26 | 青岛农业大学 | Chinese herb composite liquid capable of effectively enhancing immunity and disease resistance of penaeus orientalis |
| CN107951960A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-04-24 | 卢惠 | A kind of Chinese herbal medicine brine for prawn culturing |
| CN107951961A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-04-24 | 卢惠 | A kind of Chinese-herb disinfectant for prawn culturing |
| CN109006609A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2018-12-18 | 黎建波 | A kind of high-quality three-dimensional interaction breeding method of cray ecology |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 李京晶等: "十味中草药提取液的体外抗菌活性研究", 《食品科学》 * |
| 王健等: "鱼腥草不同部位提取物的抗菌抗病毒作用比较", 《河北工程大学学报(自然科学版)》 * |
| 胡金城等: "中草药在水产养殖中的应用", 《天津水产》 * |
| 魏志宇等: "夏季中六个节气常见鱼病及中草药防治措施", 《渔业致富指南》 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102757131B (en) | Water quality ameliorant for aquaculture | |
| CN107372231A (en) | A kind of disease Synthetical prevention method for improving Farmed as Main Species in Ponds grass carp survival rate | |
| CN106577379A (en) | Culture method of selenium-rich weevers | |
| CN109006609A (en) | A kind of high-quality three-dimensional interaction breeding method of cray ecology | |
| CN110896903A (en) | Poison-proof culture method for penaeus vannamei boone | |
| CN107529399A (en) | A kind of perch fresh water high-efficiency breeding method | |
| CN107047408A (en) | A kind of cultural method of freshwater crayfish | |
| CN1321173C (en) | Bacillus subtilis preparation | |
| CN101919360A (en) | Turbot fry breeding method | |
| CN106718042A (en) | A kind of method of utilization bamboo rat excrement Xinbao mushroom culturing | |
| CN106212878A (en) | The method producing cattle and sheep complete feed for raw material ferment in second time with Herba Bidentis Bipinnatae | |
| CN111134055B (en) | Efficient outdoor ecological pond artificial breeding method for epinephelus lanceolatus | |
| CN114158504A (en) | Method for preventing and treating diseases of rice and shrimps | |
| CN112335606B (en) | Isolated weaning feeding method for local Guizhou piglets | |
| CN111990295B (en) | Method for breeding two batches of channel catfishes in one year | |
| CN108323619A (en) | A kind of additive and its application for Eriocheir sinensis health care growth promoting | |
| CN107535738A (en) | A kind of feed for improving young grass carps survival rate and preparation method thereof | |
| CN111909868A (en) | Composite microbial inoculum for preventing and treating anorexia dead fish of grass carps as well as preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN112655621A (en) | River crab culture method for improving acre yield | |
| CN110934240A (en) | Penaeus vannamei microbial fermentation feed and preparation and feeding method thereof | |
| CN104996772A (en) | Sour, sweet and delicious liquid feed for young leech cultivation and preparation method of liquid feed | |
| CN109548710A (en) | A kind of ecological cultivation method of silver carp | |
| CN109393204A (en) | A kind of compound micro-ecological preparation and its application for the cultivation of penaeus penicillatus mark seedling | |
| CN108850714A (en) | Feed of grass carp and preparation method thereof | |
| CN107926792A (en) | A kind of method of freshwater aquiculture river crab |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| AD01 | Patent right deemed abandoned |
Effective date of abandoning: 20230929 |
|
| AD01 | Patent right deemed abandoned |