CN112335606B - Isolated weaning feeding method for local Guizhou piglets - Google Patents
Isolated weaning feeding method for local Guizhou piglets Download PDFInfo
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- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
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- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
- A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
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- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/60—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for weanlings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for feeding local Guizhou piglets by isolating weaning, which comprises the following steps: (1) feeding a feed A within the first 3 days after the piglets are weaned, wherein the feed A comprises fermented soybean meal, plasma protein powder, puffed corn, glucose, fish meal, garland chrysanthemum fermentation dry powder, reed rhizome powder, citric acid, compound amino acid, compound vitamin, organic selenium 0, ferrous fumarate and salt; (2) feeding a feed B on the 4 th to 50 th days after weaning, wherein the feed B comprises the components of expanded soybeans, expanded corns, wheat bran, fermented soybean meal, fish meal, calcium hydrophosphate, hawthorn powder, grape seed fermented dry powder, compound amino acid, compound microorganism, choline chloride, organic selenium, ferrous fumarate and salt. The feeding method can obviously provide the daily gain of the Guizhou local pigs after weaning from the Jiangxiang pigs, and obviously reduce the incidence rate of diarrhea.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of livestock feeding, and particularly relates to a method for isolating weaning feeding of local Guizhou piglets.
Background
The Jiangxiang pig is a rare excellent miniature local pig breed in China, is obtained by natural and artificial breeding for a long time, and is famous for short and small body type, fragrant and tender meat, homozygous gene, pure and pollution-free product and the like. In recent years, under the high importance of governments at all levels, the Jiangxiang pig industry is steadily developed, and the excellent meat quality of Jiangxiang pigs is generally accepted by consumers. The raw materials for feeding the Jiang Xiang pigs mainly comprise agricultural and sideline products such as rice, corn, potatoes, millet and the like and various vegetable plants in local Yang county.
To the best of the inventor's knowledge, no related patent application is currently available for weaning feeding from Jiangxiang pigs. Meanwhile, journal articles are also rarely reported. In the Yangtze region, farmers mostly adopt Chinese wolfberry (whole plant), baical skullcap root, golden thread, honeysuckle flower, weeping forsythia and heartleaf houttuynia herb which are rich in resources in the Yangtze region to prevent and control the epidemic disease of the fragrant pig, and farmers also ignite Chinese mugwort leaves and cypress branches to repel mosquitoes and flies and kill viruses. The method can improve the feeding quality of the Jiangxiang pigs to a certain extent, but the problems of slow weight gain, large stress reaction of piglets, high diarrhea occurrence probability and high epidemic infection probability caused by weaning still generally exist because no special weaning feeding technology for the Jiangxiang pigs exists.
Generally, the peak of daily gain of the Jiang Xiang pigs occurs at about 45 days of age, and the average daily gain needs to reach about 150g/d from the post-weaning to the 45 days of age until the average daily gain reaches the general level by referring to the growth rule and growth curve fitting of the Jiang Xiang boar from Jiang, Gong Ting, Wang Wei, etc. (the growth rule and growth curve fitting of the Jiang Xiang boar from Jiang Xiang [ J ]. Heilongjiang animal husbandry veterinarian, 2020.).
In the initial stage of the research of the invention, the weaning feeding method of the northern fragrant pig is referred to, for example, the fragrant pig weaning period feed disclosed in CN104171747A which is suitable for being fed in northern areas. The feed is characterized by adopting a Chinese herbal medicine formula, wherein the formula comprises 14-16% of liquorice, 12-14% of angelica, 16-20% of hawthorn, 10-14% of salvia miltiorrhiza, 12-16% of astragalus, 6-10% of purslane, 8-10% of sanguisorba and 10-12% of scutellaria baicalensis. Under the feed, the daily gain of the fragrant pig reaches 88.67 g/d. However, under preliminary experiments of the inventor, when the scheme disclosed by CN104171747A is adopted to feed weaning pigs, the daily gain is only 48-55 g/d within 50 days of age, the requirement is obviously difficult to achieve, and the effect is even inferior to that of farmers who feed the pigs by using the most common rice bran.
In addition, diarrhea of Jiangxiang pigs raised in Guizhou mainly occurs in piglet stages, and the incidence rate is about 10-20% by referring to epidemiological survey of Guizhou pig diarrhea (Yang Li, Xujing Anthrig, Yang luxuriant, et al. epidemiological survey of Guizhou pig diarrhea [ J ]. Shanghai zootechnical veterinary communication 2015,000(004): 58-58.).
Meanwhile, the prevention of swine enzootic pneumonia and other diseases needs to be considered in the cultivation of the Jiangxiang pigs, which puts higher requirements on the cultivation technology of the Jiangxiang pigs, particularly the key weaning feeding technology.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for feeding piglets of famous local Guizhou pigs, namely fragrant Jiang pigs, by means of weaning and daily gain of more than 200g/d in a key gain period from weaning to 50 days of age; meanwhile, the incidence rate of diarrhea can reach below 1 percent; in addition, when the piglet feeding stage is finished, the meat quality of the pork can still reach excellent level even if the piglet is fed with common farmhouse feed for 3 months.
Aiming at the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method for feeding local Guizhou piglet by isolating weaning comprises the following steps:
(1) feeding a feed A within the first 3 days after the piglets are weaned, wherein the feed A comprises the following components in parts by weight:
20-28 parts of fermented soybean meal, 6-10 parts of plasma protein powder, 30-33 parts of puffed corn, 5-7 parts of glucose, 1-2 parts of fish meal, 2-5 parts of crowndaisy chrysanthemum fermentation dry powder, 0.1-0.5 part of reed rhizome powder, 0.01-0.03 part of citric acid, 0.02-0.03 part of compound amino acid, 0.01-0.02 part of compound vitamin, 0.01-0.02 part of organic selenium, 0.04-0.05 part of ferrous fumarate and 0.02-0.03 part of salt;
(2) feeding feed B from 4 days to 50 days after weaning, wherein the feed B comprises the following components in parts by weight:
10-25 parts of puffed soybean, 15-20 parts of puffed corn, 8-10 parts of wheat bran, 20-22 parts of fermented soybean meal, 4-7 parts of fish meal, 0.2-0.5 part of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.5-0.8 part of hawthorn powder, 2-3 parts of grape seed fermentation dry powder, 0.03-0.04 part of compound amino acid, 0.02-0.03 part of compound microorganism, 0.08-0.1 part of choline chloride, 0.01-0.02 part of organic selenium, 0.03-0.04 part of ferrous fumarate and 0.015-0.02 part of salt;
the crowndaisy chrysanthemum fermentation dry powder is obtained by the following method: mixing the mashed crowndaisy chrysanthemum and the cooked and mashed potatoes according to the weight ratio of 3:1, adding sterile water to ensure that the weight ratio of solid to liquid is 2.5:1, inoculating aspergillus niger Z-9 for fermentation, and freeze-drying a fermentation product to obtain crowndaisy chrysanthemum fermentation dry powder; the Aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) Z-9 is deposited as follows: CGMCC No. 11130;
the grape seed fermentation dry powder is obtained by the following method: mixing the ground grape seed powder and the boiled potatoes according to the weight ratio of 3:1, adding sterile water to ensure that the weight ratio of solid to liquid is 2.5:1, inoculating Aspergillus niger YM33182 for fermentation, and freeze-drying the fermentation product to obtain grape seed fermentation dry powder; the Aspergillus niger YM33182 is deposited as follows: CCTCC No. M206H 3;
the compound amino acid consists of lysine, tryptophan, methionine and threonine according to the weight ratio of (1-3) to (1-3);
the compound vitamins comprise (3-6): (1-3): 2-5 wt% of vitamin E and vitamin B2Vitamin K, folic acid, pantothenic acid and nicotinic acid;
the Guizhou local pig is a Xiang pig from Yangjiang.
In the research stage, the invention obtains the crowndaisy chrysanthemum fermented dry powder which is a component capable of improving the pork quality and has the epidemic prevention effect through a large number of experiments, and a feeding method invention patent is additionally applied based on the discovery. However, the inventors have also found that when the feed containing only the fermented dry powder of chrysanthemum coronarium is used to feed weaned Jiangxiang pigs, the daily gain cannot be significantly increased.
Through continuous groping, we find that after grape seeds are fermented by another Aspergillus niger YM33182 strain, the obtained fermented dry powder is mixed with the garland chrysanthemum fermented dry powder, and other components are subjected to optimization treatment, the daily gain level of the Jiangxiang pigs in the stage from weaning to 50 days can be remarkably improved, and the incidence rate of diarrhea can be reduced.
As described in one embodiment of the present invention, after feeding weaned piglets for 50 days according to the method of the present invention, the daily gain can be as high as about 210g/d, and even if only ordinary farmer rice bran feed is fed in the feeding process up to 3 months later, the weaned piglets can grow well and have excellent meat quality.
According to a preferable technical scheme of the invention, in the method, the feed A comprises the following components in parts by weight:
25 parts of fermented soybean meal, 9 parts of plasma protein powder, 31 parts of puffed corn, 6 parts of glucose, 1.8 parts of fish meal, 4 parts of garland chrysanthemum fermentation dry powder, 0.2 part of reed rhizome powder, 0.02 part of citric acid, 0.025 part of compound amino acid, 0.015 part of compound vitamin, 0.015 part of organic selenium, 0.045 part of ferrous fumarate and 0.025 part of salt.
According to a preferable technical scheme of the invention, in the method, the feed B comprises the following components in parts by weight:
22 parts of expanded soybean, 16 parts of expanded corn, 8.5 parts of wheat bran, 21 parts of fermented soybean meal, 6 parts of fish meal, 0.3 part of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.7 part of hawthorn powder, 2.5 parts of grape seed fermented dry powder, 0.035 part of compound amino acid, 0.02-0.03 part of compound microorganism, 0.08-0.1 part of choline chloride, 0.01-0.02 part of organic selenium, 0.03-0.04 part of ferrous fumarate and 0.015-0.02 part of salt.
In the preferable technical scheme, the feed components are optimized, so that the daily gain can be increased to the maximum extent, and the meat quality can be improved.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the compound amino acid consists of lysine, tryptophan, methionine and threonine according to the weight ratio of 2:2:1: 1.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the compound vitamin comprises vitamin E and vitamin B according to the weight ratio of 5:2:1:1:3:32Vitamin K, folic acid, pantothenic acid and nicotinic acid.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the amount of inoculum is 2% by volume when inoculating Aspergillus niger Z-9 and Aspergillus niger YM 33182.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, when the crowndaisy chrysanthemum fermentation dry powder and/or the grape seed fermentation dry powder are/is prepared, fermentation is carried out for 36 hours at the temperature of 28-32 ℃; draining water from the fermented product, and freeze-drying to obtain the final product.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the feed A and/or the feed B also comprise a mildew preventive which is not higher than 0.005 percent of the total weight of the feed, and the mildew preventive comprises benzoic acid, sodium benzoate, sorbic acid, potassium sorbate or dimethyl fumarate.
Generally, in step (1) and step (2), the feed was fed 2 times per day with free access to water.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the feeding method can obviously provide the daily gain of Guizhou local pigs from Jiangxiang pigs after weaning, obviously reduces the incidence rate of diarrhea, and meanwhile, the Guizhou local pigs fed by the feeding method have excellent meat quality.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below by way of examples, and it should be noted that the following examples are only for illustrating the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
In the following examples, the related fermentation dried powder of chrysanthemum coronarium is obtained by the following method:
mixing the mashed crowndaisy chrysanthemum and the cooked and mashed potatoes according to the weight ratio of 3:1, adding sterile water to ensure that the weight ratio of solid to liquid is 2.5:1, inoculating 2% of aspergillus niger Z-9 for fermentation, and fermenting at the temperature of 28-32 ℃ for 36 hours during fermentation; draining water from the fermented product, and freeze drying to obtain fermented dry powder of caulis et folium Chrysanthemi Segeti; the Aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) Z-9 is deposited as follows: CGMCC No. 11130.
In the following implementation, the related grape seed fermentation dry powder is obtained by the following method:
mixing the ground grape seed powder and the boiled potatoes according to the weight ratio of 3:1, adding sterile water to ensure that the weight ratio of solid to liquid is 2.5:1, inoculating 2 percent of Aspergillus niger YM33182 for fermentation, and fermenting at 28-32 ℃ for 36 hours; draining the fermented product, and freeze-drying to obtain grape seed fermented dry powder; the Aspergillus niger YM33182 is deposited as follows: CCTCC No. M206H 3.
In the following examples, the hawthorn fermented dry powder concerned was obtained by the following method:
mixing the ground hawthorn powder and the boiled potatoes according to the weight ratio of 3:1, adding sterile water to ensure that the weight ratio of solid to liquid is 2.5:1, inoculating 2% of Aspergillus niger YM33182 for fermentation, and fermenting at 28-32 ℃ for 36 hours; draining water from the fermented product, and freeze-drying to obtain fructus crataegi fermented dry powder; the Aspergillus niger YM33182 is deposited as follows: CCTCC No. M206H 3.
Of these, Aspergillus niger YM33182 and Aspergillus niger Z-9 are not biologically brushed or modified according to the present invention, but are commercially available.
Example 1
1. The number of experimental animals is 300 from Jiang Xiang pig piglets weaned from a Jiang local feedlot.
2. Weight gain single factor test
Basal feed formulation (w/w): 48% of corn, 10% of broken rice, 10% of bran, 10% of bean cake, 8% of fish meal, 2.5% of green material, 0.5% of calcium carbonate, 0.5% of calcium phosphate and 0.5% of salt.
The feed additive comprises the following components:
TABLE 1
Taking 40 piglets of experimental animals from Jiangxiang pigs, wherein the weaning day of the batch of piglets is 12-14 days after birth and feeding breast milk, dividing the batch of piglets into 4 groups, and 10 piglets in each group are respectively a basic feed group, a crowndaisy chrysanthemum fermentation dry powder group, a grape seed fermentation dry powder group and a hawthorn fermentation dry powder group. Wherein the basic feed group feeds basic feed, and the crowndaisy chrysanthemum fermented dry powder group feeds crowndaisy chrysanthemum fermented dry powder compound feed which is added with different amounts (2-6 percent of the total weight of the basic feed) into the basic feed; feeding the grape seed fermentation dry powder group to a compound feed added with different amounts (2-6% of the total weight of the base feed) of the grape seed fermentation dry powder to the base feed; the hawthorn fermented dry powder group feeds a compound feed which is prepared by adding different amounts (2-6% of the total weight of the base feed) of hawthorn fermented dry powder into the base feed. The feeding time is 14 days, the feed is fed twice a day, water is freely drunk, and the daily weight gain is examined, and the results are shown in table 2. As can be seen from Table 2, the crowndaisy chrysanthemum fermentation dry powder and the grape seed fermentation dry powder have the effect of promoting the growth of the fragrant pigs from the Yangtze river within 2 weeks after weaning, wherein the grape seed fermentation dry powder is obvious, and the crowndaisy chrysanthemum fermentation dry powder has no obvious influence on daily weight gain.
TABLE 2
3. Preliminary experiments with Complex additives
According to the single-factor experimental result, the garland chrysanthemum fermentation dry powder and the grape seed fermentation dry powder have the promotion effect on the growth of the Jiangxiang pigs, and the inventor further investigates the influence of adding the additives in stages on the growth of the Jiangxiang pigs. In the experiment, 10 weaned Yangjiang Xiang pigs were selected, the daily gain was examined by using the same feeding method as the above single-factor weight gain test, and the results are shown in Table 3. As shown in the results in Table 3, it is preferable to add the fermented dry powder of chrysanthemum coronarium to the feed in the first 3 days after weaning and to add the fermented dry powder of grape seeds to the feed after the 4 th day.
TABLE 3
4. Feed optimization experiment at each stage
After a large number of preliminary experiments, the optimal formula of the feed in the first stage (the first 3 days after weaning) is determined by weight parts as follows, and is marked as feed A:
25 parts of fermented soybean meal, 9 parts of plasma protein powder, 31 parts of puffed corn, 6 parts of glucose, 1.8 parts of fish meal, 4 parts of crowndaisy chrysanthemum fermented dry powder, 0.2 part of reed rhizome powder, 0.02 part of citric acid, 0.025 part of compound amino acid, 0.015 part of compound vitamin, 0.015 part of organic selenium, 0.045 part of ferrous fumarate and 0.025 part of salt;
determining the optimal formula of the feed in the second stage (determined as the 4 th day to the 50 th day after weaning according to the growth characteristics of the fragrant pigs in Yangtze river) according to the parts by weight, and recording as the feed B:
22 parts of expanded soybean, 16 parts of expanded corn, 8.5 parts of wheat bran, 21 parts of fermented soybean meal, 6 parts of fish meal, 0.3 part of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.7 part of hawthorn powder, 2.5 parts of grape seed fermented dry powder, 0.035 part of compound amino acid, 0.02-0.03 part of compound microorganism, 0.08-0.1 part of choline chloride, 0.01-0.02 part of organic selenium, 0.03-0.04 part of ferrous fumarate and 0.015-0.02 part of salt;
wherein the compound amino acid consists of lysine, tryptophan, methionine and threonine according to the weight ratio of 2:2:1:1, the compound vitamin consists of vitamin E and vitamin B according to the weight ratio of 5:2:1:1:3:32Vitamin K, folic acid, pantothenic acid and nicotinic acid.
Taking 150 weaned Shangxiang piglets, feeding the feed A for the first 3 days after weaning, feeding the feed B for the 4 th to 50 th days, feeding twice a day, freely drinking water, and recording the daily gain, wherein the results are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4
5. Examination of diarrhea Rate
The influence of the feeding method of the present invention on the diarrhea rate was examined by taking 50 weaned xiangjiang piglets as a control group and 150 piglets fed according to the method of the above experiment 4 as an experimental group, and the results are shown in table 5.
TABLE 5
4. Meat quality detection
Feeding the remaining 50 weaned Shangjiang Xiang piglets with farmer rice bran feed (formula: 60 w/w% rice bran, 30 w/w% corn flour and 10 w/w% season vegetable) for 50 days according to the feeding method of experiment content 4 until the piglets are 3 months old as experiment group 1; the feeding method of experiment 4 was used and feed B was still fed over a period of 50 days to 3 months as experiment group 2. The meat quality test results are shown in Table 6. As can be seen from Table 6, even after feeding for 50 days by the method of the present invention, the meat quality obtained by feeding the rice bran feed of farmer with the simplest formulation and the lowest cost was not much different from that obtained by feeding the rice bran feed of feed B. Meanwhile, through investigation, even when the pigs are fed by farmer rice bran feed to 6 months of age, except that the intramuscular fat is slightly lower than that of the pork fed by the feed B by 10-15%, other technical indexes are not obviously different, and the final weight of the obtained pigs is only 8-10% lower than that of the pigs fed by the feed B. The fact shows that the feeding method can improve the growth level of weaned piglets and provides a good foundation for feeding the weaned piglets without subsequent weight gain.
TABLE 6
Example 2
On the basis of example 1, the invention adjusts the formula of feed A and feed B, and adjusts the formula of feed A as follows:
20 parts of fermented soybean meal, 10 parts of plasma protein powder, 30 parts of puffed corn, 7 parts of glucose, 2 parts of fish meal, 5 parts of crowndaisy chrysanthemum fermented dry powder, 0.1 part of reed rhizome powder, 0.01 part of citric acid, 0.02 part of compound amino acid, 0.02 part of compound vitamin, 0.02 part of organic selenium, 0.04 part of ferrous fumarate and 0.03 part of salt;
the formula of feed B was adjusted as follows:
25 parts of expanded soybean, 15 parts of expanded corn, 10 parts of wheat bran, 22 parts of fermented soybean meal, 7 parts of fish meal, 0.2 part of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.5 part of hawthorn powder, 2 parts of grape seed fermented dry powder, 0.03 part of compound amino acid, 0.03 part of compound microorganism, 0.08 part of choline chloride, 0.01 part of organic selenium, 0.03 part of ferrous fumarate and 0.02 part of salt.
After the formulas of the feed A and the feed B are adjusted, 30 weaned Jiangxiang pig piglets are taken as experimental animals and fed according to the feeding method of the example 1, and the average daily gain within 50 days of age is found to be 201 +/-2 g/d.
Example 3
On the basis of example 1, the invention adjusts the formula of feed A and feed B, and adjusts the formula of feed A as follows:
28 parts of fermented soybean meal, 6 parts of plasma protein powder, 33 parts of puffed corn, 5 parts of glucose, 1 part of fish meal, 2 parts of crowndaisy chrysanthemum fermented dry powder, 0.5 part of reed rhizome powder, 0.03 part of citric acid, 0.03 part of compound amino acid, 0.01 part of compound vitamin, 0.02 part of organic selenium, 0.05 part of ferrous fumarate and 0.03 part of salt;
the formula of feed B was adjusted as follows:
10 parts of expanded soybean, 20 parts of expanded corn, 8 parts of wheat bran, 20 parts of fermented soybean meal, 7 parts of fish meal, 0.2 part of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.8 part of hawthorn powder, 3 parts of grape seed fermented dry powder, 0.04 part of compound amino acid, 0.02 part of compound microorganism, 0.1 part of choline chloride, 0.02 part of organic selenium, 0.04 part of ferrous fumarate and 0.015 part of salt.
After the formulas of the feed A and the feed B are adjusted, 30 weaned Jiangxiang pig piglets are taken as experimental animals and fed according to the feeding method of the example 1, and the average daily gain within 50 days of age is found to be 206 +/-3 g/d.
Claims (9)
1. The method for feeding the local Guizhou piglet with the separated weaning is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) feeding a feed A within the first 3 days after the piglets are weaned, wherein the feed A comprises the following components in parts by weight:
20-28 parts of fermented soybean meal, 6-10 parts of plasma protein powder, 30-33 parts of puffed corn, 5-7 parts of glucose, 1-2 parts of fish meal, 2-5 parts of crowndaisy chrysanthemum fermentation dry powder, 0.1-0.5 part of reed rhizome powder, 0.01-0.03 part of citric acid, 0.02-0.03 part of compound amino acid, 0.01-0.02 part of compound vitamin, 0.01-0.02 part of organic selenium, 0.04-0.05 part of ferrous fumarate and 0.02-0.03 part of salt;
(2) feeding feed B from 4 days to 50 days after weaning, wherein the feed B comprises the following components in parts by weight:
10-25 parts of puffed soybean, 15-20 parts of puffed corn, 8-10 parts of wheat bran, 20-22 parts of fermented soybean meal, 4-7 parts of fish meal, 0.2-0.5 part of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.5-0.8 part of hawthorn powder, 2-3 parts of grape seed fermentation drying powder, 0.03-0.04 part of compound amino acid, 0.02-0.03 part of compound microorganism, 0.08-0.1 part of choline chloride, 0.01-0.02 part of organic selenium, 0.03-0.04 part of ferrous fumarate and 0.015-0.02 part of salt;
the crowndaisy chrysanthemum fermentation dry powder is obtained by the following method: mixing the mashed crowndaisy chrysanthemum and cooked and mashed potatoes according to the weight ratio of 3:1, adding sterile water to ensure that the weight ratio of solid to liquid is 2.5:1, inoculating Aspergillus niger Z-9 for fermentation, and freeze-drying a fermentation product to obtain crowndaisy chrysanthemum fermentation dry powder; the Aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) Z-9 has a preservation number of: CGMCC No. 11130;
the grape seed fermentation dry powder is obtained by the following method: mixing the ground grape seed powder and the boiled potatoes according to the weight ratio of 3:1, adding sterile water to ensure that the weight ratio of solid to liquid is 2.5:1, inoculating Aspergillus niger YM33182 for fermentation, and freeze-drying the fermentation product to obtain grape seed fermentation dry powder; the Aspergillus niger YM33182 is deposited as follows: CCTCC No. M206H 3;
the compound amino acid consists of lysine, tryptophan, methionine and threonine according to the weight ratio of (1-3) to (1-3);
the compound vitamins comprise (3-6): (1-3): 2-5 wt% of vitamin E and vitamin B2Vitamin K, folic acid, pantothenic acid and nicotinic acid;
the Guizhou local pig is a Xiujiang fragrant pig.
2. The feeding method according to claim 1, wherein the feed A comprises the following components in parts by weight:
25 parts of fermented soybean meal, 9 parts of plasma protein powder, 31 parts of puffed corn, 6 parts of glucose, 1.8 parts of fish meal, 4 parts of garland chrysanthemum fermentation dry powder, 0.2 part of reed rhizome powder, 0.02 part of citric acid, 0.025 part of compound amino acid, 0.015 part of compound vitamin, 0.015 part of organic selenium, 0.045 part of ferrous fumarate and 0.025 part of salt.
3. The feeding method according to claim 1, wherein the feed B comprises the following components in parts by weight:
22 parts of expanded soybean, 16 parts of expanded corn, 8.5 parts of wheat bran, 21 parts of fermented soybean meal, 6 parts of fish meal, 0.3 part of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.7 part of hawthorn powder, 2.5 parts of grape seed fermented dry powder, 0.035 part of compound amino acid, 0.02-0.03 part of compound microorganism, 0.08-0.1 part of choline chloride, 0.01-0.02 part of organic selenium, 0.03-0.04 part of ferrous fumarate and 0.015-0.02 part of salt.
4. The feeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that the compound amino acid consists of lysine, tryptophan, methionine and threonine in a weight ratio of 2:2:1: 1.
5. The feeding method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compound vitamin is composed of vitamin E and vitamin B at a weight ratio of 5:2:1:1:3:32Vitamin K, folic acid, pantothenic acid and nicotinic acid.
6. The feeding method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the amount of inoculation is 2% by volume when Aspergillus niger Z-9 and Aspergillus niger YM33182 are inoculated.
7. The feeding method according to claim 1, wherein fermentation is performed at 28 to 32 ℃ for 36 hours when fermentation is performed in the preparation of the garland chrysanthemum fermentation dry powder and/or the grape seed fermentation dry powder; and (4) draining water from the fermented product, and then carrying out freeze drying to obtain the product.
8. The feeding method according to claim 1, wherein the feed A and/or the feed B further comprises a mildew preventive in an amount of 0.005% or less based on the total weight of the feed, and the mildew preventive comprises benzoic acid, sodium benzoate, sorbic acid, potassium sorbate or dimethyl fumarate.
9. The feeding method according to claim 1, wherein in steps (1) and (2), the feed is fed 2 times a day with free drinking water.
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