KR101743734B1 - feed additives for fish farming using insect - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a feed additive for insects and more particularly to an insect such as a brown goat and a pair of crickets as a feed source for a fish, thereby enhancing fish growth and improving the productivity of aquacultured fish The present invention relates to a feed additive for sheep.
The feed additive for insects using the insect of the present invention is characterized in that, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the first mixed extract obtained from the insect mixture of brown goat's and twin crickets, the second additive extracted from the by-product mixture of onion juice by- And 10 to 30 parts by weight of the mixed extract.

Description

Feed additives for fish farming using insect

The present invention relates to a feed additive for insects and more particularly to an insect such as a brown goat and a pair of crickets as a feed source for a fish, thereby enhancing fish growth and improving the productivity of aquacultured fish The present invention relates to a feed additive for sheep.

Aquaculture is a term used to refer to the harvesting of the aquatic creatures necessary for human life, as well as the land agriculture, in the water and is called aquatic agriculture. Korea is surrounded by the sea on three sides, and the characteristics of the sea such as the temperature and topography of the east and west coasts are different, and various kinds of fish can be cultivated according to each sea area. The shoreline is complicated and the sea water is wide. It is advantageous.

However, the domestic aquaculture industry has been suffering from environmental factors due to deterioration of water pollution caused by excessive use of various disinfectants such as formalin and hydrogen peroxide, In addition, due to biological factors such as influx and emergence and the emergence of resistant bacteria due to the abuse of various antibiotics, not only the high temperature but also the unexpected deaths occur throughout the year and cause serious damage to many farms.

Although antibiotic therapy has been used for prevention and treatment of diseases occurring in fish farms, antimicrobial abuse has been recognized as an emergence of resistant bacteria (Smith, Paul et al., Annu Rev. (1994) pp.273-313), residual in the body ("Mass mortality of penaeus due to monodon larvae due to antibiotic resistant Vibrio harveyi infection" -Karunasagar et al., Aquacult. 128 (1994) pp.203- 209) and water pollution in the vicinity.

As one of the measures to cope with this, research results on environmentally friendly therapy using useful materials, lactic acid bacteria or minerals of plant resources were reported. Among them, when licorice, which is widely used as herb medicine, is used as a feed additive, (2), Aquacult. 128 (1994) pp.203-209), which has been reported to improve growth and disease resistance ("Lactobacillus sakei (Lactobacillus sakei Antibacterial activity of BK19 against fish pathogenic bacterium "- Yang, Byung-koo and two others, Journal of Microbiology, Vol. 39, No. 1 (2003.03) pp.56-61) has antibacterial effect against pathogenic bacteria of fish .

In recent years, attempts have been made to search for useful materials from insects and to convert them into resources. In particular, insects are very efficient and economical in terms of resource utilization because of their short generation and small size. In addition, insects have low water loss and have a hard and light body structure, which not only has a high activity energy efficiency, but also has no competition among larvae and adults for different feeding needs, and can be used in outdoor environments such as low temperature, high temperature, It has a strong self-defense capability against physical disorder or external invasion hospitals and has many advantages in searching for useful substances compared to other organisms.

Efforts have been made to utilize such insects as feed sources for livestock. Interest in insect proteins, which have the characteristics of natural antibiotics, is increasing due to the problems of mad cow disease, decreased production of fish meal, and high production cost of single cell protein in animal husbandry.

Korean Patent Laid-Open No. 10-2011-0054692 discloses a feed additive containing brown goats and a functional feed using the same. The feed additives are prepared by freezing or drying larvae or feces of a brown duck.

However, there is a problem that the feed additive has a limited nutritional content because it uses only brown goat, and thus the efficacy is not high. In addition, there is a problem that it is difficult to add a feed additive used in a frozen or dried form of brown gruel to a conventional feed for mixed fish.

Disclosure of the Invention The present invention has been made to overcome the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a fish meal feed composition capable of greatly improving the productivity of aquacultured fish by simultaneously using a brown and a pair of crickets as an insect protein source, It is an object of the present invention to provide an additive.

In order to achieve the above object, the feed additive for insects using the insect of the present invention comprises 100 parts by weight of the first mixed extract obtained from an insect mixture of a brown gruel and a pair of crickets, and the onion juice by-product and the citrus juice by- 10 to 30 parts by weight of the second mixed extract extracted from the by-product mixture.

The first mixed extract is extracted by heating the insect mixture at 80 to 100 DEG C for 12 to 36 hours with a hot water bath.

And further contains 5 to 15 parts by weight of an acacia var. Umbraculifera fermentation broth with respect to 100 parts by weight of the first mixed extract solution.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to simultaneously use both brown and cricket crickets as an insect protein source, and to add functional ingredients to obtain functional and stable feed additives.

In addition, feeding the feed additive of the present invention to the fish can promote the growth of the fish, improve the productivity of the aquacultured fish through the promotion of the metabolism, the increase of the immunity and the improvement of the disease resistance.

Hereinafter, a feed additive for insects using insects according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

The feed additive means a substance added to the feed in a small amount for nutrition or for a specific purpose. The feed additive of the present invention is added to the mixed feed for the fish to improve the growth of the fish and increase the immunity of the fish, .

The feed additive of the present invention is provided in the form of a liquid. This liquid feed additive can be added to the mixed feed for both fishes in various ways and has the advantage that it can be mixed with the composite feed evenly.

The feed additive of the present invention uses the first mixed extract extracted from the insect mixture and the second mixed extract extracted from the by-product mixture as raw materials.

A mixture of brown ducks and crickets of each pair is used as an insect mixture.

The brown duck ( Tenebrio molitor ) is an insect of the beetle, and is also known as brown rice dung. It is distributed in Korea and other parts of the world. It is an insect that undergoes a complete transformation of eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults and is currently producing large-scale domestic breeding farms. The larval period is about 10 weeks, but about 2 weeks when artificial breeding. Unlike other insects, brown ducks are relatively domesticated for a short period of transformation, and are largely kept for pets. Brown larvae are used as food worms for mealworms because they have high protein content, high growth rate and very high reproductive rate Because it is known.

A pair of crickets ( Gryllus bimaculatus ) is an insect of the locust tree cricket. Pairs of crickets, like all other crickets, are omnivorous, eating grain, vegetables, animal feed, agricultural by-product feed, and small insects. It is known that crickets were sent to Korea 10 years ago and domestic pet lovers came from Japan. Since the introduction of domestic animals into pet food, breeding farms have emerged and became popular with the feeding of amphibians, reptiles and birds. Recently, interest in industrial insects has increased, and crickets among pairs of insect species that can be used for edible and medicinal purposes are attracting attention. This is because crickets of each pair can survive for four seasons if the temperature does not go through the winter season, and the protein content of the crickets is high (62%) and can be used for industrialization.

As described above, the brown and the cricket pairs used in the present invention are easy to breed, mass-proliferate easily, are rich in protein content and low in fat content, so they are very effective as a protein source and have antimicrobial effect. It can help increase.

In the present invention, the brown duck and the pair cricket can utilize larvae or adults. Brown ducks and crickets are dried and mixed to obtain an insecticide mixture. For example, brown cricket pairs crickets can be mixed at a weight ratio of 1: 0.5 to 1.5.

An insecticide mixture of a brown goat and a pair of crickets can be extracted by various methods to obtain a liquid first mixed extract. For example, an insecticide mixture can be extracted by adding an extraction solvent.

For example, the insect mixture may be mixed with the extraction solvent at a weight ratio of 2 to 20 times, and then subjected to hot water extraction at 10 to 150 ° C for 1 to 40 hours, followed by cold or warm-up extraction. It can also be extracted by a hot water bath method.

As the extraction solvent, at least one selected from water, a lower alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a polyhydric alcohol, or a mixture thereof may be used. As the lower alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, methanol, ethanol and the like can be used. As the polyhydric alcohol, butylene glycol, propylene glycol, pentylene glycol and the like can be used. Mixtures of water and lower alcohols, mixtures of water and polyhydric alcohols, mixtures of lower alcohols and polyhydric alcohols, or mixtures of water and lower alcohols and polyhydric alcohols can be used as the mixture.

Among the above extraction methods, a preferred extraction method is a hot water extraction method in which the water is heated by hot water. As an example, the insect mixture may be added to a conventional hot water tank and then heated at a temperature of 80 to 100 ° C for 12 to 36 hours in a hot water bath. Compared with the extraction method using an organic solvent such as alcohol, the insecticide mixture extracted by the hot water extraction method has an advantage that it can be absorbed directly into the feed because of its low viscosity.

By-product mixture is a mixture of onion juice by-product and citrus juice by-product. The onion juice byproduct occurs in the process of preparing the onion juice by souring the raw onion. That is, the onion juice by-product means the solid residue left after the onion is squeezed. The citrus juice by-product also means the solid residue left after the juice of citrus fruits.

Since the onion juice by-product and the citrus juice by-product are used as raw materials for the feed additive, the present invention has an advantage that the by-product of the disused food can be recycled. In addition, various phytogenic physiologically active substances can be added to the feed additive, with the effect of adding plant nutrients not contained in insects. Particularly, the main physiologically active substances contained in onion include organic sulfur compounds and flavonoid compounds. Flavonoids are non-naturally occurring bioactive pigments, including anthocyanins and antoxanthins, which are widely distributed in plants and vegetables. These polyphenol compounds have excellent antioxidant power and increase the immunity of fish.

Citrus also contains flavonoids, pectin, alkaloids, hesperidin, vitamins and the like, and has a synergistic effect of mixing with onion ingredients and raising the effect.

 By-product juice by-products and citrus juice by-products can be mixed to obtain a by-product mixture. For example, onion juice by-product to citrus juice by-products can be mixed in a weight ratio of 1: 0.5 to 1.5.

The by-product mixture of onion juice by-product and citrus juice by-product can be extracted by various methods to obtain a liquid second mixed extract. The same method as the extraction method of the first mixed extract liquid described above can be applied. For example, the by-product mixture may be mixed with the extraction solvent at a weight ratio of 2 to 20 times, and then subjected to hot water extraction at 10 to 150 ° C for 1 to 40 hours, followed by cold or warm-up extraction.

When the first mixed extract and the second mixed extract are prepared, the first mixed extract and the second mixed extract may be mixed to obtain the feed additive of the present invention. It is appropriate to mix 10 to 30 parts by weight of the second mixed extract with 100 parts by weight of the first mixed extract.

Meanwhile, as another embodiment of the present invention, an acacia var. For example, 10 to 30 parts by weight of the second mixed extract solution and 5 to 15 parts by weight of the seaweed paste fermentation broth may be mixed with 100 parts by weight of the first mixed extract to obtain a feed additives for bilge fish.

Stachys japonica ) is a perennial herbaceous herbaceous perennial plant with monocotyledonous plants and monocotyledonous plants. It has abundant antioxidant, anti-aging and anti-cancer components and has been recognized as one of the herbal medicines for improving cerebral energy, preventing senile dementia, preventing cerebral infarction, .

Dried persimmon grass is dried by crushing the ground part except for roots. The persimmon juice is obtained by fermentation after mixing the persimmon paste with molasses. These staphylococcal fermentation broth contains useful components by metabolism of microorganisms, and can extract useful components without applying heat.

Put the persimmon paste in a jar with molasses. At this time, 20 to 40 parts by weight of molasses of sugar molasses is added to 100 parts by weight of the persimmon grass. The strain is inoculated and then fermented at 20 to 30 DEG C for 1 to 3 months. Microorganisms of the genus Saccharomyces can be used as the strain. Saccharomyces cerevisiae can be exemplified as Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain . After the fermentation is completed, the solid residue is removed by filtration to obtain a full-fermented seaweed fermentation broth.

It is advantageous that the feed additive of the present invention is absorbed into the composite feed and fed. For this purpose, 5 to 15 parts by weight of a feed additive is mixed with 100 parts by weight of the mixed feed for both fishes. Liquid feed additives are absorbed into the solid feed. In this way, the solid compound feed absorbed by the feed additive is put into the fish farm and fed to the fish.

As described above, the feed additive of the present invention can be fed to produce fish, thereby enhancing the growth of the aquaculture fish and improving the productivity of the aquaculture fish.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples. This is for the purpose of illustrating the present invention in more detail, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

(Example)

Brown crustaceans and pairs of cricket adults were dried and mixed at a weight ratio of 1: 1 to prepare an insect mixture. Then, the prepared insect mixture was added to a hot water bath (HS-EXT-1000, Hansung EP Co., Ltd., Korea) and heated with hot water at 90 ° C for 24 hours to obtain a first mixed extract.

A byproduct mixture was prepared by mixing onion juice by - product and citrus juice by - product from the onion and citrus fruit juice processes in a weight ratio of 1: 1. Then, water was added 10 times by weight of the prepared by-product mixture, and the mixture was subjected to hot extraction at 100 ° C for 4 hours, followed by filtration to obtain a second mixed extract.

Then, 20 parts by weight of the second mixed extract solution was mixed with 100 parts by weight of the first mixed extract to prepare a liquid feed additive.

<Breeding Experiment>

1. Feed feed

In order to investigate the utility of the feed additive of the present invention, the feed additives prepared in the examples were mixed in a composite feed for bilingual fish (Kwangwang Gold Chip No. 11, Woosung Feed, Korea) . The test diets were prepared by mixing 10 parts by weight of the feed additive of the Example with 100 parts by weight of the composite feed. The control diet was a mixed diet containing no feed additive.

2. Experimental Method

The growth characteristics of the mineralized fish fed with the experimental feed and the control feed for 8 weeks are shown in Table 1 below.

The average total length of the fur fish used in the experiment was 5.61 ± 0.3cm and the weight was 7.54 ± 0.5g. The experimental tank used 500 liters of FRP round water tank, and the caterpillars were divided into two groups and 200 fishes were housed in two tanks of similar size.

Each group was divided into control group fed control feed and test group fed test feed. Feeds were fed at 8 and 4 o'clock in the full amount of the fish fed as much as possible for the experimental fish, and 30 minutes after feeding, the siphons and drainage were performed to remove the excrement from the fish tank. The amount of feeding was measured by the amount of feed left on each Saturday. Dissolved oxygen was maintained at 4.5 ~ 5.5 mg / ℓ during the rearing period, and the water temperature was between 21 ~ 23 ℃ due to natural water temperature. The experimental results are shown in Table 1 below.

division Control group Test group Survival rate (%) 63.9 94.1 Increase rate (%) 117.25 + - 0.94 125.09 + - 0.36 Daily growth rate (%) 39.28 + - 2.31 43.83 + - 0.57 Feed amount (g) / grain 18.70 ± 0.40 22.47 ± 0.28

Weight gain, weight gain and daily growth rate were calculated as follows.

Weight gain (g): Final weight - Initial weight

Increase in weight (%): (weight gain / initial weight) x 100,

Daily growth rate (%): (Increased weight / Number of days of breeding) × 100,

As a result of the breeding experiment, it was confirmed that the test group showed better survival rate, increase rate and growth rate than the control group. In particular, the survival rate of the test group was about 30% higher than that of the control group. This is presumed to result from increased immunity and improved disease resistance of aquaculture fish.

Through the above experiments, it was confirmed that the feed additive of the present invention can sufficiently exhibit its function, and thus it can be utilized as a functional feed addition source as well as a conventional substitute for protein source. Therefore, the use of the feed additive according to the present invention can promote the growth of fish, and it is expected that productivity of aquaculture fish can be improved through promotion of metabolism and improvement of disease resistance.

<Antibacterial Experiment>

The antimicrobial activity was examined in order to examine the antimicrobial activity of the persimmon paste fermentation liquid applied to the present invention. The dried persimmon juice was prepared as follows. After the roots were removed, 100 parts by weight of molasses was added to a pot, and 0.1 part by weight of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was inoculated. The mixture was then fermented at 25 DEG C for 2 months, and then filtered to obtain a full-fermented solution.

As a test strain for the antibacterial test, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538) was used. As a test method, the bacterium was cultured in a liquid culture medium, and then cultured bacteria were diluted to adjust the initial bacterial count to 10 ⁵ to 10 ⁶ CFU / mL. The test bacteria were added to 20 mL of the sample, and the mixture was allowed to stand at room temperature for 6 hours. The bacterial count was measured to determine the rate of bacterial reduction in terms of the initial number of bacteria. The number of bacteria counted as a control of physiological saline was expressed as the number of initial bacteria. In the initial dilution stage of the experiment, neutralization was carried out using D / E Neutralizing Broth (DIFCO). When bacteria were grown in the medium, the number of bacteria was calculated by multiplying the number of colonies on the medium by the dilution factor. The results of the antibacterial test are shown in Table 2 below.

division Number of initial bacteria (CFU / mL) Number of bacteria after 6 hours (CFU / mL) sample 3.0 × 10 ⁵ 8.5 × 10 ²

As shown in Table 2, the number of initial bacteria was 3.0 × 10 ⁵ CFU / mL, but the number of bacteria decreased to 8.5 × 10 ² CFU / mL after 6 hours.

As such, the sucrose fermentation broth has an excellent antimicrobial effect. Therefore, when added to a feed additive, it can improve the aquaculture environment and increase the immunity of the fish and improve the disease resistance.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be clearly understood that the same is by way of illustration and example only and is not to be taken by way of limitation. Accordingly, the true scope of protection of the present invention should be determined only by the appended claims.

Claims (3)

10 to 30 parts by weight of a second mixed extract obtained from 100 parts by weight of a first mixed extract obtained from an insect mixture obtained by mixing brown goats and crickets with a pair of by-products and a citrus juice by-product,
The feed additive for insects according to claim 1, wherein the insecticidal composition further comprises 5 to 15 parts by weight of an acacia var. [Claim 2] The feed additive according to claim 1, wherein the first mixed extract is extracted by heating the insect mixture at a temperature of 80 to 100 DEG C for 12 to 36 hours with a hot water bath. delete