Background technology
Yellow meal worm another name bread worm is under the jurisdiction of coleoptera, Tenebrionidae on entomological taxonomy.According to " Chinese medicine science and technology report ", dry Yellow meal worm larva containing protein 40% left and right, pupa containing 57%, adult contains 60%, is described as " protein feeds treasure-house ".Therefore, the large-scale breeding of yellow meal worm is more and more, but feed, the Rearing facility etc. supporting with it are also incomplete.
Growth cycle of yellow meal worm is divided into ovum, larva, pupa, adult four-stage.Adult survival period is about 50 days, and the adult in egg-laying season needs a large amount of nutrition and moisture, so must add in time wheat bran and dish, also can increase a fish meal.If subalimentation, can sting mutually and kill, massacre between adult, cause damage.Therefore, how to provide a kind of for the edible nutritious feed of egg-laying season adult, seem particularly important.
The feed of existing raising yellow meal worm is generally divided into breast, oil, eggs feed, plant feed.Breast, oil, eggs feed nutritive value is very high, and adaptability is good, is the first-class feed of yellow meal worm; But the expensive raw material price of breast, oil, eggs feed is too high with these feeds raising yellow meal worm costs.And plant feed without process time, do not receive liking of yellow meal worm greatly, affect growth and the spawning rate of yellow meal worm.
Waste oil generally comprises the waste grease of hogwash fat, frying waste oil, food and relevant enterprise generation etc., and its main component is still triglycerides, but wherein contains a large amount of harmful microorganisms such as bacterium, fungi.
TS is the mixture of the class Triterpenoids sapogenins class saponin separated from the camellia seed tea dregs of rice, is the glucoside compound of a class formation more complicated; Its basic structure is made up of sapogenin, sugared body and organic acid three parts.Find that at present TS has the various biological activity such as antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, bidirectional modulation is immune, anti-mutation, have haemocylolysis, have preventing phlegm from forming and stopping coughing, analgesia, the pharmacological function such as anticancer, promote in addition the effect of animal and plant growth, alternative antibiotic.
Tabasheer ketone is that to utilize bamboo fiber to produce the basic parent nucleus of one extracting in the waste water producing in pretreatment process be 2-phenyl chromone compounds, molecular weight is little, there is the multiple biologically actives such as anti-oxidant, hypoglycemic, make an addition in feed, can be absorbed rapidly, the production performance of tachinid is had to obvious facilitation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of yellow meal worm special compound feed and preparation method thereof is provided.The prepared feed nutritive value of the present invention is high, can promote significantly the growth of yellow meal worm.The raw material sources that adopt are extensive, and cost is low, after science compatibility, can give full play to effect of each raw material, and play synergistic effect.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of yellow meal worm special compound feed, raw material is counted by mass fraction: TS 6-9%, tabasheer ketone 6-12%, waste oil 10-12%, wheat bran 35-40%, bone meal 8-10%, tea stalk powder 8-10%, aurantiin 5-6%, Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder 5-7%, pearl white 6-8%.
Described TS its preparation method is: taking camellia seed oil meal as raw material, being ground to grain diameter is 1 ~ 2mm, uses the ethanol water of 40 ~ 50wt% to extract 4 ~ 6h at 60 ~ 70 DEG C of dippings, filters to get filtrate, and filtrate, after activated carbon decolorizing, concentrates to obtain TS.
The preparation method of described tabasheer ketone is: get bamboo juice, the mass fraction that adds 15 ~ 20 times of volumes of bamboo juice is 80% alcohol extract 1 ~ 2 time, extracts 1 ~ 2h at every turn, and extracting temperature is 70 DEG C ~ 80 DEG C, extract suction filtration, and filtrate is concentrated into pulpous state, obtains tabasheer ketone; Described bamboo juice, for utilizing bamboo fiber to produce the waste water producing in pretreatment process, obtains after filtration, is the patent of invention of CN 103549611 A referring to publication number.
Described Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder be ripe tarragon to pluck in 6-7 month as raw material, air-dry to moisture content be 5%-10%, pulverized 100-200 mesh sieve, make Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder.
Described pearl white be the fish scale of discarding be raw material, after cleaning up, dry, 40-50 DEG C dry to moisture content be 3-5%, pulverized 100-200 mesh sieve, make pearl white.
A method of preparing yellow meal worm special compound feed as above, comprises the following steps:
(1) TS, tea stalk powder are stirred, leave standstill 3-4h, make compound;
(2) toward the compound that adds half quality in waste oil, ultrasonic dispersion 30-50min, makes oil plant;
(3) tabasheer ketone is heated to 50-60 DEG C, adds aurantiin, stir 10-15min, make mixed liquor, the temperature of mixed liquor remains on 50-60 DEG C;
(4) oil plant of step (2) is added in frying pan, be warming up to 70-90 DEG C, add wheat bran, bone meal, Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder, frying 15-25min; Then be cooled to 40-50 DEG C, add mixed liquor, pearl white and remaining compound, frying 30-40min, is cooled to room temperature, enters extruder and is extruded into strip;
(5) bar of step (4) is sent in particle processing machine, be processed into 0.5 ~ 1mm granulated meal;
(6) drying, sterilization, cooling, packaging.
beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) TS and tea stalk powder mixed processing, has increased the surface-active of tea stalk powder, and it is fully mixed with other components; The alternative antibiotic of TS etc., can overcome the deficiency of antibiotic and artificial synthetic diet additive, have strengthened the immunity of yellow meal worm, can promote the growth of yellow meal worm after the nutritional labeling after its hydrolysis is absorbed by yellow meal worm, increase output;
(2) little molecular weight tabasheer ketone and aurantiin are heated jointly, can produce synergy, be more easily absorbed, obviously improve growth rate, the spawning rate of yellow meal worm, produce the effect of " 1+1 > 2 ", make an addition in feed instant effect;
(3) the present invention by waste oil after TS and tea stalk powder-processed, be aided with again the significant tarragon of antibacterial action, can play good antibacterial detoxification, and possess its main nutrient composition, for the recycling of waste oil provides direction, reduced feed cost simultaneously.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention further illustrates the present invention with the following example, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following example.
embodiment 1
A kind of yellow meal worm special compound feed, raw material is counted by mass fraction: TS 6%, tabasheer ketone 12%, waste oil 10%, wheat bran 40%, bone meal 8%, tea stalk powder 8%, aurantiin 5%, Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder 5%, pearl white 6%.
Described TS its preparation method is: taking camellia seed oil meal as raw material, being ground to grain diameter is 1 ~ 2mm, uses the ethanol water of 40wt% to extract 4h at 60 DEG C of dippings, filters to get filtrate, and filtrate, after activated carbon decolorizing, concentrates to obtain TS.
The preparation method of described tabasheer ketone is: get bamboo juice, the mass fraction that adds 15 times of volumes of bamboo juice is 80% alcohol extract 1 time, extracts 2h at every turn, and extracting temperature is 70 DEG C, extract suction filtration, and filtrate is concentrated into pulpous state, obtains tabasheer ketone.
Described Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder be taking June pluck ripe tarragon as raw material, air-dry to moisture content be 5%-10%, pulverized 100 mesh sieves, make Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder.
Described pearl white be the fish scale of discarding be raw material, after cleaning up, dry, 40 DEG C dry to moisture content be 3-5%, pulverized 100 mesh sieves, make pearl white.
A method of preparing yellow meal worm special compound feed as above, comprises the following steps:
(1) TS, tea stalk powder are stirred, leave standstill 3h, make compound;
(2) toward the compound that adds half quality in waste oil, ultrasonic dispersion 30min, makes oil plant;
(3) tabasheer ketone is heated to 50 DEG C, adds aurantiin, stir 10min, make mixed liquor, the temperature of mixed liquor remains on 50 DEG C;
(4) oil plant of step (2) is added in frying pan, be warming up to 70 DEG C, add wheat bran, bone meal, Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder, frying 25min; Then be cooled to 40 DEG C, add mixed liquor, pearl white and remaining compound, frying 40min, is cooled to room temperature, enters extruder and is extruded into strip;
(5) bar of step (4) is sent in particle processing machine, be processed into 0.5 ~ 1mm granulated meal;
(6) drying, sterilization, cooling, packaging.
embodiment 2
A kind of yellow meal worm special compound feed, raw material is counted by mass fraction: TS 7%, tabasheer ketone 9%, waste oil 12%, wheat bran 35%, bone meal 10%, tea stalk powder 10%, aurantiin 5%, Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder 5%, pearl white 7%.
Described TS its preparation method is: taking camellia seed oil meal as raw material, being ground to grain diameter is 1 ~ 2mm, uses the ethanol water of 50wt% to extract 5h at 65 DEG C of dippings, filters to get filtrate, and filtrate, after activated carbon decolorizing, concentrates to obtain TS.
The preparation method of described tabasheer ketone is: get bamboo juice, the mass fraction that adds 18 times of volumes of bamboo juice is 80% alcohol extract 2 times, extracts 1h at every turn, and extracting temperature is 75 DEG C, extract suction filtration, and filtrate is concentrated into pulpous state, obtains tabasheer ketone.
Described Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder be taking July pluck ripe tarragon as raw material, air-dry to moisture content be 5%-10%, pulverized 200 mesh sieves, make Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder.
Described pearl white be the fish scale of discarding be raw material, after cleaning up, dry, 40 DEG C dry to moisture content be 3-5%, pulverized 200 mesh sieves, make pearl white.
A method of preparing yellow meal worm special compound feed as above, comprises the following steps:
(1) TS, tea stalk powder are stirred, leave standstill 4h, make compound;
(2) toward the compound that adds half quality in waste oil, ultrasonic dispersion 40min, makes oil plant;
(3) tabasheer ketone is heated to 55 DEG C, adds aurantiin, stir 12min, make mixed liquor, the temperature of mixed liquor remains on 55 DEG C;
(4) oil plant of step (2) is added in frying pan, be warming up to 80 DEG C, add wheat bran, bone meal, Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder, frying 20min; Then be cooled to 45 DEG C, add mixed liquor, pearl white and remaining compound, frying 40min, is cooled to room temperature, enters extruder and is extruded into strip;
(5) bar of step (4) is sent in particle processing machine, be processed into 0.5 ~ 1mm granulated meal;
(6) drying, sterilization, cooling, packaging.
embodiment 3
A kind of yellow meal worm special compound feed, raw material is counted by mass fraction: TS 6%, tabasheer ketone 6%, waste oil 10%, wheat bran 39%, bone meal 9%, tea stalk powder 9%, aurantiin 6%, Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder 7%, pearl white 8%.
Described TS its preparation method is: taking camellia seed oil meal as raw material, being ground to grain diameter is 1 ~ 2mm, uses the ethanol water of 50wt% to extract 6h at 70 DEG C of dippings, filters to get filtrate, and filtrate, after activated carbon decolorizing, concentrates to obtain TS.
The preparation method of described tabasheer ketone is: get bamboo juice, the mass fraction that adds 20 times of volumes of bamboo juice is 80% alcohol extract 2 times, extracts 2h at every turn, and extracting temperature is 80 DEG C, extract suction filtration, and filtrate is concentrated into pulpous state, obtains tabasheer ketone.
Described Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder be taking July pluck ripe tarragon as raw material, air-dry to moisture content be 5%-10%, pulverized 100 mesh sieves, make Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder.
Described pearl white be the fish scale of discarding be raw material, after cleaning up, dry, 50 DEG C dry to moisture content be 3-5%, pulverized 100 mesh sieves, make pearl white.
A method of preparing yellow meal worm special compound feed as above, comprises the following steps:
(1) TS, tea stalk powder are stirred, leave standstill 3h, make compound;
(2) toward the compound that adds half quality in waste oil, ultrasonic dispersion 50min, makes oil plant;
(3) tabasheer ketone is heated to 60 DEG C, adds aurantiin, stir 15min, make mixed liquor, the temperature of mixed liquor remains on 60 DEG C;
(4) oil plant of step (2) is added in frying pan, be warming up to 90 DEG C, add wheat bran, bone meal, Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder, frying 15min; Then be cooled to 50 DEG C, add mixed liquor, pearl white and remaining compound, frying 30min, is cooled to room temperature, enters extruder and is extruded into strip;
(5) bar of step (4) is sent in particle processing machine, be processed into 0.5 ~ 1mm granulated meal;
(6) drying, sterilization, cooling, packaging.
comparative example 1
A kind of yellow meal worm special compound feed, raw material is counted by mass fraction: TS 6%, tabasheer ketone 12%, waste oil 10%, wheat bran 39%, bone meal 9%, tea stalk powder 9%, Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder 7%, pearl white 8%.
Remaining preparation process is identical with embodiment 3.
application Example 1
Choose at random 3000 yellow meal worms in the egg-laying season, be divided into 3 groups, 1000 every group; The test group 1 yellow meal worm special compound feed that embodiment 3 makes of feeding, test group 2 feed that comparative example 1 makes of feeding, the test group 3 common feed of feeding, other raising conditions are identical, observe the average growth rate of every group of yellow meal worm in 25 days.Result shows, the average growth rate of test group 1 yellow meal worm is 2.61 times of test group 2 yellow meal worm average growth rates, is 3.08 times of average growth rate of test group 3 yellow meal worms; Show that the yellow meal worm that the present invention makes has significant growth promoting function; The synergy of aurantiin and tabasheer ketone, can play synergistic effect simultaneously.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, all equalizations of doing according to the present patent application the scope of the claims change and modify, and all should belong to covering scope of the present invention.