KR102443367B1 - Manufacturing method of larval single feed with suppressed rancidity - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for producing a larval feedstuff with inhibited rancidity. More specifically, the method for producing a larval feedstuff with inhibited rancidity comprises: an ultrasonic cleaning step of immersing larva in purified water and then cleaning the same with ultrasonic waves; a larva heating step of heating the larva washed through the ultrasonic cleaning step; an epidermal separation step of separating epidermis of the larva heated through the larva heating step; a drying step of drying the larva whose epidermis is removed through the epidermal separation step; and a grinding step of grinding the larva dried through the drying step. The feedstuff produced through the process is rich in nutrients such as protein and fatty acids. In addition, the epidermis of the larva is separated to show excellent marketability, and characteristic odor of insects is reduced by heating, pressing, and drying the larva. Accordingly, the feedstuff can be used not only for farmed fish but also for pet food.

Description

Manufacturing method of larval single feed with suppressed rancidity {MANUFACTURING METHOD OF LARVAL SINGLE FEED WITH SUPPRESSED RANCIDITY}

The present invention relates to a method for producing a larval single feed in which rancidity is suppressed, and more particularly, it contains abundant nutrients such as proteins and fatty acids, and the epidermis of the larvae is separated to show excellent marketability, and the larvae It relates to a method for producing a larval sweet feed in which rancidity is suppressed, which can be used not only for farmed fish but also for pet food, since the characteristic odor of insects is reduced by heating, pressing and drying.

Simple feed is a vegetable, animal or mineral material that is used directly as feed or as a raw material for compounded feed.

On the other hand, aquaculture refers to the cultivation and harvesting of aquatic organisms necessary for human life in water as in land agriculture, also called aquatic agriculture. Korea is surrounded by the sea on three sides, and the sea characteristics such as the water temperature and topography of the east and west coasts are different, so it is possible to cultivate various kinds of fish depending on the sea area. .

However, in the current domestic aquaculture industry, due to rapid quantitative expansion, environmental factors caused by aggravation of water pollution due to indiscriminate sprawl of farms and excessive use of various disinfectants such as formalin and hydrogen peroxide, and the introduction of new fish species. Due to biological factors such as inflow and appearance and emergence of resistant bacteria due to the abuse of various antibiotics, sudden death occurs throughout the year as well as high temperature, causing serious damage to many aquaculture farms.

Currently, antibiotic therapy is mainly used for prevention and treatment of diseases occurring in fish farms, but the misuse of antibiotics causes serious problems such as emergence of resistant bacteria and contamination of the surrounding water.

On the other hand, recently, efforts are being made to search for useful substances from insects and use them as resources. In particular, insects have a very efficient and economical advantage in terms of resource use due to their short generation and small size. In addition, insects have low water loss and a hard and light body structure, so their activity energy efficiency is high, and there is no competition between larvae and adults due to the different feeding requirements between larvae and adults. It has a strong self-defense ability against physical obstacles or external intrusion hospitals, so it has many advantages in the search for useful substances compared to other organisms.

In addition, there is no standardized standard for the price of larvae, and the current price of larvae reflects the opinions of general larvae breeding farms. by. They make a living from food waste disposal costs, and they earn about 50,000 to 80,000 won per t when disposing of food waste as larvae.

In addition, recently, efforts have been made to use insect feed as pet food as well as farmed fish. There was a problem in that it was lowered or the preference of companion animals was low.

Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1025810 (Mar. 23, 2011) Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1743734 (2017.05.30.)

An object of the present invention is to contain abundant nutrients such as proteins and fatty acids, and the epidermis of the larvae is separated to show excellent marketability, and the larvae are heated, compressed and dried to reduce the peculiar smell of insects, so that the aquaculture It is to provide a method for producing a larval sweet feed with suppressed rancidity that can be used for pet food as well as fish.

An object of the present invention is to separate the epidermis of the larvae heated through the ultrasonic washing step of washing the larvae with ultrasonic waves after immersion in purified water, the larva heating step of heating the larvae washed through the ultrasonic washing step, and the larva heating step A method for producing a single feed for larvae with suppressed rancidity, characterized in that it comprises a step of separating the epidermis, a drying step of drying the larvae from which the epidermis has been removed through the epidermal separation step, and a grinding step of pulverizing the larvae dried through the drying step This is achieved by providing

According to a preferred feature of the present invention, between the epidermal separation step and the drying step, the larvae from which the epidermis has been removed through the epidermal separation step are sterilized at a temperature of 70 to 80° C. A hydrolysis step of mixing 0.1 to 0.5 parts by weight of a hydrolase and hydrolyzing at a temperature of 60 to 70° C. for 20 to 30 hours is to proceed further.

According to a more preferred feature of the present invention, the hydrolase is selected from the group consisting of alkarease, fensin, trypsin, alpha chymotrypsin, papain, bromelain, nutrase, protamex, flavorzyme and pancrease. It shall consist of one or more selected.

According to a more preferred feature of the present invention, the ultrasonic washing step is to be made by immersing the larvae in purified water at 25 to 35° C. for 20 to 30 hours, and then irradiating the larvae with ultrasonic waves of 30 to 90 kHz for 30 to 60 minutes.

According to an even more preferred feature of the present invention, the larva heating step is to be made by putting the larvae washed through the ultrasonic washing step into purified water of 90 to 100 ℃ and heating for 10 to 20 minutes.

According to an even more preferred feature of the present invention, the larva heating step is to be made by heating the larvae washed through the ultrasonic washing step with steam at a temperature of 100 to 120 ° C. for 20 to 30 minutes.

According to an even more preferred feature of the present invention, the epidermal separation step is made by removing the separated epidermis after press-compressing or screw-compressing the larvae washed through the ultrasonic washing step.

According to an even more preferred feature of the present invention, the drying step shall consist of freeze-drying or spray-drying.

According to an even more preferred feature of the present invention, the freeze-drying is after quenching the larvae from which the epidermis has been removed through the epidermal separation step to a temperature of -45 to -40 °C, and then the quenched larvae to a temperature of 30 to 40 °C. It is supposed to consist of a process of drying for 20 to 30 hours.

The method for producing a larval single feed with suppressed rancidity according to the present invention is rich in nutrients such as proteins and fatty acids, and the larvae's epidermis is separated to show excellent marketability, and the larvae are heated, compressed and dried to Since the characteristic smell of insects is reduced, it has an excellent effect of providing a simple feed that can be used not only for farmed fish but also for pet food.

1 is a flow chart showing a method for producing a larval single feed in which rancidity is suppressed according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a flow chart showing a method of manufacturing a larval single feed in which rancidity is suppressed according to another embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a photograph showing whether or not rancidity of the single feed prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 of the present invention is taken.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the physical properties of each component will be described in detail, which is intended to describe in detail enough that a person of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains can easily carry out the invention, This does not mean that the technical spirit and scope of the present invention is limited.

In the method for producing a larval single feed in which rancidity is suppressed according to the present invention, an ultrasonic washing step (S101) of immersing the larvae in purified water and then ultrasonic washing (S101), heating the larvae by heating the larvae washed through the ultrasonic washing step (S101) Step (S103), an epidermal separation step (S105) of separating the epidermis of the larva heated through the larva heating step (S103), a drying step of drying the larva from which the epidermis has been removed through the epidermal separation step (S105) (S107) ) and a grinding step (S109) of pulverizing the larvae dried through the drying step (S107).

The ultrasonic washing step (S101) is a step of ultrasonically washing the larvae after immersion in purified water. After immersing the larvae in purified water at 25 to 35° C. for 20 to 30 hours, ultrasonic waves of 30 to 90 kHz are applied for 30 to 60 minutes. is carried out during the investigation.

As described above, through the process of immersing the larvae in purified water, the feces of the fasted larvae can be reliably removed to ensure safety and remove the harmful elements, and the removed feces will sink in the purified water.

In addition, it can be removed to foreign substances remaining on the surface of the larvae through the ultrasonic cleaning consisting of the above process.

At this time, the larvae are not particularly limited and can be used as long as they can supply proteins, but crickets, brown mealworms (= mealworms), white-spotted beetles (= slugs), long-lived beetles, centipedes, rice grasshoppers and Larvae of silkworms, etc. can be used, and it is more preferable to use larvae of larvae, especially larvae of larvae, and larvae of larvae that have been fasted for more than 3 days in order to secure safety and to remove heavy metals and coliforms caused by feces in larvae. it is most preferable

It is one of the environmental purifying insects used for environmentally friendly treatment of livestock excrement and food waste. It is an insect belonging to the family Diptera, and it is similar to a fly, but the adults do not harm humans at all. When they become adults, their mouths are degenerate and they only eat dew, and there is no disease transmission because they do not regurgitate after feeding. It can be said that the commercial potential as a feed is very high because it lays eggs every 2 months and lays about 1,000 eggs at a time, so that 1 billion eggs after 6 months have good fertility. In particular, it is suitable as a raw material for sweet rice because it is high in protein, rich in unsaturated fat, and secretes natural antibiotics.

In addition, food waste can be used as food for Dongae, etc. In Europe, where the insect industry is currently active, the price of insect feed is higher than that made with the highest quality fishmeal, because in Europe, animal protein in food waste cannot be used as feed for dongae. In the form of feeding protein, the price of insect feed is set high because of the price of feed when raising larvae, whereas Korea has established production facilities and inspection standards for Dongae, etc., so that all food waste is used as food for Dongae Because this is possible, the production cost of larvae is as low as 300 to 500 won per kg, so when larvae of Dongae, etc. are used, it is possible to provide a simple feed with low production cost.

In addition, the homeless larvae of Dongae, etc. contain the nutrients shown in Table 1 below, contain the amino acids shown in Table 2 below, and contain the inorganic components shown in Table 3 below, as well as the nutrients shown in Table 4 below. Since it contains as much as 61.43% of fatty acids, which are higher than fish meal feed, it is suitable as a source of essential fatty acids for fish. Since it is cheaper than chicken breast, salmon, beef, and pollock, which are used as protein ingredients for snacks, it can also be provided as a simple feed for pet food.

<Table 1>

<Table 2>

<Table 3>

<Table 4>

If the temperature of the hot water in the ultrasonic washing step (S101) is less than 25 ℃ or the irradiation time of ultrasonic waves is less than 30 minutes, the effect of removing foreign substances remaining on the surface of the larva is insignificant, and in the ultrasonic washing step (S101), the hot water If the temperature exceeds 35 ℃ or the irradiation time of ultrasonic waves exceeds 60 minutes, the effect of removing foreign substances remaining on the surface of the larvae is not preferable in terms of energy efficiency without greatly improving.

The larva heating step (S103) is a step of heating the larvae washed through the ultrasonic washing step (S101), and the larvae washed through the ultrasonic washing step (S101) are put into purified water at 90 to 100 ° C. It can be made by heating for 20 minutes, or by heating the larvae washed through the ultrasonic washing step (S101) with steam at a temperature of 100 to 120° C. for 20 to 30 minutes.

When the larvae heating step (S103) consisting of the above process is performed, the phenomenon of rancidity of unsaturated fatty acids contained in the larvae is suppressed due to the pressing, etc. proceeding in the epidermal separation step (S105), thereby exhibiting excellent marketability, preservation and preference. , microbes and enzymes are removed, so it is possible to provide a simple feed suitable for pet food as well as aquaculture fish.

If the process of epidermal separation is immediately proceeded to separate the shell from the larva, rancidity due to the unsaturated fatty acid component contained in the larva rapidly occurs. inhibits rancidity.

At this time, when the larva heating step (S103) consists of a process of putting the larva into purified water of 90 to 100 ° C and heating for 10 to 20 minutes, if the heating temperature is less than 90 ° C or the heating time is less than 10 minutes, the larvae Because of the unsaturated fatty acids contained in it, rancidity proceeds, and when the heating temperature exceeds 100°C or the heating time exceeds 20 minutes, the heating process is continuously carried out in a situation where the rancidity of the unsaturated fatty acids is suppressed. It is undesirable because the nutrients contained in the larvae are excessively destroyed.

In addition, when the larva heating step (S103) consists of a process of heating the larva with steam at a temperature of 100 to 120 ° C. for 20 to 30 minutes, if the temperature of the steam is less than 100 ° C. or the heating time is less than 20 minutes, the larvae Because of the unsaturated fatty acids contained in it, rancidity proceeds, and when the steam temperature exceeds 120℃ or the heating time exceeds 30 minutes, the heating process is continuously carried out in a situation where the rancidity of the unsaturated fatty acids is suppressed, so in terms of energy efficiency It is undesirable because the nutrients contained in the larvae are excessively destroyed.

The epidermis separation step (S105) is a step of separating the epidermis of the larva heated through the larva heating step (S103). After the larva heated through the larva heating step (S103) is press-compressed or screw-compressed, the separation It consists of removing the old epidermis.

When the epidermis of the larva is removed through the above process, the chitin component remaining in the epidermis of the oil layer is removed and the FCR performance (feed requirement) is not reduced. It not only exhibits the effects of strengthening immunity, improving survival rate and weight gain, but also providing a simple feed suitable for pet food.

The epidermis of larvae consists of alpha chitin, and 5 to 7% of chitin is included when calculated by the amount of the larvae. Currently, the majority of fish species do not have chitin digestive enzymes, and even with chitin digestive enzymes, chitin is less than 1%. It can only be digested, so the epidermis of larvae with high alpha chitin content must be removed.

In the past, aquaculture companies in Dongae, etc. did not remove the epidermis of the larvae and did not efficiently separate the fat, so the digestibility was low, so the fishmeal of the formulated feed was replaced within 30%. If it is efficiently removed within 10%, it is possible to provide a simple feed that can replace 100% of fishmeal.

In addition, the insect powder produced in the prior art contains the shell as it is, so there was a problem that the skin caused a residue saliva and scratched the throat when ingested. Because it is manufactured with this product, it is easy to swallow and dissolves well in water when ingested.

The drying step (S107) is a step of drying the larvae from which the epidermis has been removed through the epidermal separation step (S105), and freeze-drying or spray-drying the larvae from which the epidermis has been removed through the epidermal separation step (S105). is done

The freeze-drying is performed by rapidly cooling the larvae from which the epidermis has been removed through the epidermal separation step (S105) to a temperature of -45 to -40°C, and then drying the quenched larvae at a temperature of 30 to 40°C for 20 to 30 hours. made by the process

At this time, the freeze-drying is carried out for 4 hours at a temperature condition of 30° C. and a vacuum degree of 5000 torr, then for 12 to 22 hours at a temperature condition of 35 to 40° C. and a vacuum degree of 800 Mtorr, and a temperature condition of 30° C. and a vacuum degree of 800 Mtorr. It is most preferable to proceed for 4 hours at a vacuum degree. When the freeze-drying step is performed through the above temperature conditions, time and vacuum degree, the destruction of nutrients or proteins contained in the larvae is minimized. The drying temperature of the freeze-drying step is When it exceeds 50 ℃, it is not preferable because the nutrients or protein components contained in the larvae are destroyed.

In addition, the moisture contained in the larvae freeze-dried for the above temperature and time is sublimated to further improve the preservation.

In addition, the spray drying is not particularly limited as long as it is a device and condition of spray drying that can be used in the manufacturing process of feed, and any spray drying can be used. However, spray-drying is faster and more automated than the freeze-drying, and there is an advantage in that it is convenient because no manpower is input.

In addition, it is preferable that the spray drying consists of a process of putting the larvae from which the epidermis has been removed through the epidermal separation step into a spray dryer and spray-drying for 10 to 15 minutes using microwaves.

The moisture content of the larvae from which the epidermis was removed through the epidermis separation step was about 70%, and the larvae from which the epidermis was removed through the epidermis separation step were put into a spray dryer equipped with a microwave irradiation device and heated to a temperature of 70 to 80 ° C. If spray-drying for 10 to 15 minutes, the content of water contained in the larvae is lowered, and the content of essential amino acids or proteins is improved.

At this time, if the drying temperature during the spray drying is less than 70 ℃, the efficiency of the drying process is reduced, and when the drying temperature during the spray drying exceeds 80 ℃, it is not preferable because the protein contained in the larva may be destroyed.

Since the larvae spray-dried for the above temperature and time are reduced in weight by 1/4 to 1/3 due to the removal of moisture, when 3 to 4 kg of the larvae are dried, about 1 kg of single feed can be produced.

In addition, when spray-drying is carried out as described above, the solubility of the protein contained in the larvae is about 40%, and the process such as neutralization does not proceed, so it is possible to provide a simple feed with improved digestibility.

The grinding step (S109) is a step of pulverizing the larvae dried through the drying step (S107), and the larvae dried through the drying step (S107) are pulverized using a general grinder or an ultra-fine grinder. .

In addition, between the epidermal separation step (S105) and the drying step (S107), the larvae from which the epidermis has been removed through the epidermal separation step (S105) are sterilized at a temperature of 70 to 80 ° C. A hydrolysis step (S106) of mixing 0.1 to 0.5 parts by weight of a hydrolase in 100 parts by weight of the larva and hydrolyzing it for 20 to 30 hours at a temperature of 60 to 70° C. Silver nutrients or protein particles are further atomized, so it can be provided as a simple feed that further improves the effects of strengthening immunity, survival rate, and weight gain of not only farmed fish but also pets.

In this case, the hydrolase is formed by mixing at least one selected from the group consisting of alkarease, pensin, trypsin, alpha chymotrypsin, papain, bromelain, nutrase, protamex, flavorzyme and pancrease. Preferably, the hydrolase composed of the above components can further improve the hydrolysis efficiency of nutrients or proteins contained in the larvae.

Hereinafter, the method for producing a larval single feed in which rancidity is suppressed according to the present invention and the physical properties of the single feed prepared by the method will be described with reference to examples.

<Example 1>

Larvae (Dongae, etc., fasted for more than 3 days) were immersed in purified water at 30° C. for 24 hours, then washed by irradiating 60 kHz ultrasonic waves for 45 minutes, and the washed larvae were put in purified water and at a temperature of 95° C. for 15 minutes. Heat, press-compress the heated larva to separate the epidermis, and quench the larva from which the epidermis is separated to a temperature of -42.5 ° C. Drying for 17 hours under temperature conditions of 800Mtorr and vacuum degree of 800Mtorr for 4 hours) did.

<Comparative Example 1>

After immersing the larvae (Dongae, etc.) in purified water at 30° C. for 24 hours, irradiating 60 kHz ultrasonic waves for 45 minutes and washing, press-compressing the washed larvae to separate the epidermis, and -42.5° C. After rapid cooling to a temperature of 4 hours), and the dried larvae were put in a grinder and pulverized to prepare a larvae single feed.

After the single feed prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was left at room temperature for 3 days, the appearance was photographed and shown in FIG. 3 below.

As shown in FIG. 3 below, it can be seen that the single feed prepared in Example 1 of the present invention did not go rancid, whereas the single feed prepared in Comparative Example 1 ran rancid.

Therefore, the method for producing a larval single feed in which rancidity is suppressed according to the present invention is rich in nutrients such as proteins and fatty acids, and the epidermis of the larvae is separated to show excellent marketability, and the larvae are heated, compressed and Because it is dried to reduce the peculiar smell of insects, it provides a sweetened feed that can be used not only for farmed fish but also for pet food.

S101; Ultrasonic cleaning step
S103; Larva heating stage
S105 ; epidermal separation step
S106 ; hydrolysis step
S107; drying stage
S109; crushing step

Claims (9)

Ultrasonic cleaning step of washing the larvae with ultrasonic waves after immersion in purified water;
Larvae heating step of heating the larvae washed through the ultrasonic cleaning step;
an epidermis separation step of separating the epidermis of the larvae heated through the larva heating step;
a drying step of drying the larva from which the epidermis has been removed through the epidermal separation step; and
A grinding step of pulverizing the dried larvae through the drying step; consists of,
The ultrasonic washing step is made by immersing the larvae in purified water at 25 to 35 ° C for 20 to 30 hours, and then irradiating the larvae with ultrasonic waves of 30 to 90 kHz for 30 to 60 minutes,
The larva heating step is made by putting the larvae washed through the ultrasonic washing step into purified water of 90 to 100 ℃ and heating for 10 to 20 minutes,
The drying step is a process of rapidly cooling the larva from which the epidermis has been removed through the epidermal separation step to a temperature of -45 to -40°C, and then drying the quenched larva at a temperature of 30 to 40°C for 20 to 30 hours. A method for producing a larval single feed with suppressed rancidity, characterized in that.
The method according to claim 1,
Between the epidermal separation step and the drying step, the larvae from which the epidermis has been removed through the epidermal separation step are sterilized at a temperature of 70 to 80 ° C. Mixing parts by weight and hydrolysis step of hydrolysis for 20 to 30 hours at a temperature of 60 to 70 ° C. A method of producing a larval sweet feed with suppressed rancidity, characterized in that the further proceeds.
3. The method according to claim 2,
The hydrolase is alkarease, pensin, trypsin, alpha chymotrypsin, papain, bromelain, nutrase, protamex, flavorzyme, characterized in that consisting of at least one selected from the group consisting of pancreases A method for producing a larval single feed with suppressed rancidity.
delete delete delete The method according to claim 1,
The epidermis separation step is a method for producing larvae single feed with suppressed rancidity, characterized in that after press-compressing or screw-compressing the larvae washed through the ultrasonic washing step, and then removing the separated epidermis.
delete delete

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