CN102632843A - 用于汽车的集成有电能供应装置的承载支架系统 - Google Patents

用于汽车的集成有电能供应装置的承载支架系统 Download PDF

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CN102632843A
CN102632843A CN2012100257172A CN201210025717A CN102632843A CN 102632843 A CN102632843 A CN 102632843A CN 2012100257172 A CN2012100257172 A CN 2012100257172A CN 201210025717 A CN201210025717 A CN 201210025717A CN 102632843 A CN102632843 A CN 102632843A
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T.德根斯坦
C.格拉瑟
F.D.罗佳蒂斯
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于汽车的承载支架系统，其带有用于接受至少一个物体(20)的支承架(14)和用于为支承架(14)所接受的物体(20)提供电能的电能供应装置(16)。

Description

用于汽车的集成有电能供应装置的承载支架系统
技术领域
本发明涉及一种尤其是从汽车尾部拉出的承载支架系统，该承载支架系统设计用于接受至少一个物体，优选是一个或多个电动自行车或电动摩托车。 
背景技术
存在各种各样用于汽车的承载支架系统，它们例如用于携带一个或多个自行车或类似的前进式设备。例如已经由DE 10 2007 017 164A1公开了一种用于从车辆尾部拉出的承载支架，其中，支承架在至少一个装备有翻转轴并且可纵向移动的长条形元件上导引通过汽车的保险杠或者在汽车的保险杠之下导引。 
这种集成在机车车身中或者通过其它方式，例如能够可拆卸地固定在其上的承载支架实现了特别简单的操作。它们能够例如从对于外部观察者不可见的静止位置进入拉出的使用位置，在使用位置中，一个或多个物体(例如自行车)可以为了随汽车携带的目的而固定在承载支架上。 
尤其在自行车领域，具有至少一个电力驱动的伺服电动机的电动自行车变得越来越重要。然而，这种电力(伺服)驱动器的行程长度受到需要携带的蓄电池的充电容量的限制。 
发明内容
相应地，本发明所要解决的技术问题在于，提供一种用于汽车的改进的承载支架系统，其能够更好地满足携带电动自行车或电动车辆的特别要求。 
该技术问题按本发明通过一种用于汽车的承载支架系统、一种汽车车身和一种汽车解决。 
本发明所要求保护的承载支架系统具有用于接受至少一个物体的支承架。该承载支架系统还装备有电能供应装置，其实现并且相应地准备为支承架所接受或可固定于其上的物体提供电能。以这种方式方法，可借助承载支 架系统随汽车携带的物体可以在携带于汽车上期间得到电能供应。这种功能尤其适用于电动自行车、电动摩托车，但也适用于所谓的自平衡式踏板车(Selbstbalance-Roller)，它们能够相应于具体的承载支架结构例如携带于汽车尾部处。 
所述承载支架系统可以多用途地例如作为车顶行李架或车尾行李架布置在车身外部。承载支架系统的支承架优选大致沿车辆纵向(x)可移动或拉出地布置在汽车车身上并且相应地设计用于从汽车尾部拉出。 
在此，支承架不一定设计为封闭并且结构加强的框架。该支承架也可以只承担承载托架的功能并且具有相应的几何构造，例如U形的构造。 
按照第一种有利的扩展设计，电能供应装置具有充电单元，该充电单元设计用于为可携带物体的至少一个蓄电池充电。借助配属于承载支架系统的电能供应装置，电动自行车或者类似的可携带式电动车的例如蓄电池、短电池(kurz Akkus)可以在所述电动车携带于汽车上期间进行充电。电能供应装置在此由汽车的车载电源供电。 
按照一种扩展设计有利的是，承载支架系统的支承架具有至少一个用于将可携带式物体与电能供应装置电耦合的插塞连接装置。当例如可携带式物体(如电动自行车)安装在支承架上或固定在承载支架系统上时，该物体例如可以通过充电电缆与安装在支承架上的插塞连接装置相连。 
在由此的扩展设计中，插塞连接装置布置在支承架基本上沿车辆横向延伸的横梁上。在此尤其可考虑将插塞连接装置或充电插孔例如布置在车牌或车牌架的侧面。 
按照另一种优选的设计方案，电能供应装置连接在汽车上原有的供电线路上，例如连接在汽车的尾灯单元上。电能供应装置，尤其是充电单元可以例如由引向尾灯单元的电缆束供电。因此，可以将为了在承载支架系统上实现充电单元而多重铺设电缆的耗费缩减到最小。 
按照另一种优选的设计方案也可以规定，将支承架和待固定于其上的物体的电耦合装置集成在机械的锁定装置内，所述物体(优选是电动自行车)能够借助该锁定装置固定在支承架上。以这种方式方法，已经能够通过物体在支承架上或者在设置于支承架上的锁定和固定装置上的机械固定同时在支承架侧的电能供应装置和物体侧的蓄电池之间建立电连接。 
除了用电缆连接支承架侧的电能供应装置与需要携带的物体，作为补充 或备选可以考虑的是，为支承架配设至少一个基于电感的电耦合器件，以便在必要时在物体侧的蓄电池和承载支架系统侧的电能供应装置不直接电接触的情况下也能以电感的途径将电能传递给物体。在此，支承架或布置于其上的锁定器件以及需要固定在支承架上的物体配设有相互对应的电感耦合器件。 
按照另一种优选的设计方案还规定，承载支架系统具有控制装置或者与控制装置耦连，该控制装置根据汽车的运动状态调节对物体的电能供应。控制装置例如设计用于，只在例如汽车具有多余电能时才为固定并且携带在承载支架系统上的物体提供电能。 
因此例如可以规定，只在汽车部分负荷和/或制动过程中为携带的自行车蓄电池提供电能。优选规定在能量回收过程中，即在由车辆制动引起的能量回授(Energierückführung)时为自行车蓄电池充电。 
按照一种扩展设计还可以考虑，控制装置设计用于按照与各个用户预先设定相应的不同优先权控制对物体的电能供应。使用者例如可以规定，尽可能有效而节能地为所携带的自行车蓄电池充电。在这种情况下，自行车蓄电池的充电可以例如只在汽车的这些运行状况下进行，即电池的充电不对或者几乎不对车辆的燃料消耗造成负荷。 
然而根据使用者的预先设定也可以规定，以最高的优先权为固定在承载支架系统上的物体提供电能。视用于内燃机的启动器蓄电池的设计和尺寸而定甚至可以考虑，甚至在内燃机的静止状态下，至少短时间地并且只通过汽车的启动器蓄电池为携带于承载支架系统上的蓄电池提供电能。但控制装置在此确保启动器蓄电池不会进入对于启动内燃机临界的充电状态。 
控制装置可集成在电能供应装置的充电单元中或汽车的车载电路中。充电单元本身优选布置在承载支架系统的支承架上并且可以视物体蓄电池的充电要求和可提供的车载电压而定具有合适的变压器，以便例如使24伏或36伏的现有车载电压匹配变为蓄电池充电所需的电压水平。 
按照承载支架系统的另一种优选设计方案，该承载支架系统的支承架能够沿车辆纵向(x)在静止位置和适合接受物体的使用位置之间移动地布置在汽车车身上并且还可锁定在使用位置中。 
已经证明特别有利的是，支承架能够导引通过汽车车身的保险杠并且尤其在到达其静止位置时表面齐平地集成到汽车车身的外轮廓中。 
在此，按照另一个独立的方面还规定了一种汽车车身，其装备有前述的承载支架系统。 
此外还规定了一种汽车，其具有前述的承载支架系统，该承载支架系统带有例如用于为所携带的电动车的蓄电池充电的集成式电能供应装置。 
附图说明
其它的目的、特征以及有利的应用可能性在以下参照附图对实施例的说明中进行阐述。在附图中： 
图1是汽车尾部以及设置在其上的、位于拉出的使用位置中的承载支架系统的侧视图； 
图2是处于基本位置中的承载支架系统的单独立体视图； 
图3是按图2的承载支架系统在使用位置中的情形； 
图4是所示承载支架系统的电能供应装置的单独视图。 
具体实施方式
图1以侧视图示出了装备有承载支架系统10的汽车尾部12。承载支架系统10(在图2中示出了基本位置42并且在图3中示出了使用位置44)具有支承架14，该支承架能够沿车辆纵向(x)移动通过在图1中示意性示出的尾部保险杠46并且例如支承在车身侧的支架导轨52上。 
支承架14具有两个可移动地支承在车身侧的支架导轨52上的纵梁54以及一个连接纵梁54尾侧端部的横梁56。横梁56在此还用作车牌50的支架。 
在支承架14上设有各种锁定器件，例如竖直设计的立柱36或者可侧向折叠的立柱型材58，借助这些锁定器件例如可将在图3中示意性示出的自行车20固定在支承架14上。尤其是可以借助设置在立柱36上的夹紧箍60和/或通过横向支杆62锁定自行车车架的部件。 
支承架14还配设有在图4中单独示出的电能供应装置16，其除了具有多条电导线还具有充电单元18。该充电单元18在此由输电线30提供电能，输电线30同时也为汽车的两个尾灯模块32提供电能。因此，充电单元18可以从尾灯电缆束30分流得到电能。 
在图2和图4中还示出了控制装置40，其如图所示可以集成在充电单元 18中或者要不然可以集成在汽车的车载电路中。在图4中还示出了一条从充电单元18引出的充电电缆48，该充电电缆48例如可以为一个或多个在图3中示例性示出的充电插孔28、34提供适合于为自行车蓄电池22充电的充电电流。 
但也可以考虑，取代充电电缆48直接在充电单元18上设置充电插孔24，在需要时待与自行车蓄电池22连接的充电电缆可以插入该充电插孔24中。 
但除了自行车蓄电池22与电能供应装置16(尤其与它的充电单元18)的直接电连接，也可以使电能供应装置16与自行车蓄电池22进行电感耦合。在这种情况下，图4所示的充电电缆48例如为布置在立柱36上的电感耦合式充电模块38供电。 
由于可以在承载支架系统10上布置多个充电插孔24、28、34或者也可以布置多个电感耦合模块38，所以原则上可以不只为一个，而是也可以为多个自行车20或者电动摩托车以及多个蓄电池22同时充电。在此，各充电插孔24、28、34的布置和配置可以与各物体20的配置匹配。 
比如靠近车牌布置在横梁56上的充电插孔28特别适合于为锁定在位于行驶方向后部的停放位置上的自行车20充电，而集成在夹紧箍60中的充电插孔34或集成在充电单元18中的充电插孔24可以用于为布置在前部停放位置上的自行车20充电。 
尤其可以通过对自行车20进行相应配置设计，在通过机械锁定装置固定在夹紧箍60上的同时就能通过充电插孔34实现与蓄电池22的电接触，使得使用者不必另行在蓄电池与承载支架侧的电能供应装置16之间进行电连接。 
所示的实施形式只示出了本发明可能的设计方案，其它大量的变型方案也是可考虑的并且在本发明的范围内。示范性示出的实施例不以任何方式限制本发明的保护范围、适用性或者配置可能性。本说明书仅仅向本领域技术人员说明了按照本发明的实施例的一种可能的实现形式。因此可以对描述的元件的功能和布置进行各种修改，只要不背离权利要求书所述技术方案及其等同技术方案的保护范围。 
附图标记清单 
10承载支架系统 
12汽车尾部 
14支承架 
16电能供应装置 
18充电单元 
20自行车 
22自行车蓄电池 
24充电插孔 
28充电插孔 
30供电线路 
32尾灯单元 
34充电插孔 
36立柱 
38电感耦合模块 
40控制装置 
42静止位置 
44使用位置 
46保险杠 
48充电电缆 
50车牌 
52支架导轨 
54纵梁 
56横梁 
58立柱型材 
60夹紧箍 
62固定杆。 

Claims (13)

1.一种用于汽车的承载支架系统，该承载支架系统带有用于接受至少一个物体(20)的支承架(14)和用于为所述支承架(14)所接受的物体(20)提供电能的电能供应装置(16)。
2.按权利要求1所述的承载支架系统，其特征在于，所述电能供应装置(16)具有充电单元(18)，该充电单元(18)设计用于为所述物体(20)的至少一个蓄电池(22)充电。
3.按前述权利要求之一所述的承载支架系统，其特征在于，在所述支承架(14)上设有至少一个用于将所述物体(20)与所述电能供应装置(16)电耦合的插塞连接装置(24、28、34)。
4.按权利要求3所述的承载支架系统，其特征在于，所述插塞连接装置(28)布置在所述支承架(14)基本上沿车辆横向延伸的横梁(56)上。
5.按前述权利要求之一所述的承载支架系统，其特征在于，所述电能供应装置(16)连接在车辆的尾灯单元(32)现有的供电线路(30)上。
6.按前述权利要求之一所述的承载支架系统，其特征在于，所述支承架(14)和物体(20)的电耦合装置(34)集成在机械的锁定装置(60)内，所述物体(20)能够借助该锁定装置(60)固定在所述支承架(14)上。
7.按前述权利要求之一所述的承载支架系统，其特征在于，所述支承架(14)具有至少一个基于电感的、用于为所述物体(20)提供电能的电耦合器件(38)。
8.按前述权利要求之一所述的承载支架系统，其特征在于，所述承载支架系统带有至少一个控制装置(40)，该控制装置(40)根据汽车的运动状态调节对所述物体(20)的电能供应。
9.按权利要求8所述的承载支架系统，其特征在于，所述控制装置(40)设计用于按照与各个用户预先设定相应的不同优先权控制电能供应(16)。
10.按前述权利要求之一所述的承载支架系统，其特征在于，所述支承架(14)能够沿车辆纵向(x)在静止位置(42)和拉出的使用位置(44)之间移动。
11.按前述权利要求之一所述的承载支架系统，其特征在于，所述支承架(14)能够导引通过汽车车身的保险杠(46)。
12.一种汽车车身，带有按前述权利要求之一所述的承载支架系统(10)。
13.一种汽车，带有按前述权利要求1至11之一所述的承载支架系统(10)。
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