CN102487700A - Planting method for chicory - Google Patents
Planting method for chicory Download PDFInfo
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- CN102487700A CN102487700A CN2011104192721A CN201110419272A CN102487700A CN 102487700 A CN102487700 A CN 102487700A CN 2011104192721 A CN2011104192721 A CN 2011104192721A CN 201110419272 A CN201110419272 A CN 201110419272A CN 102487700 A CN102487700 A CN 102487700A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a planting method for chicory, characterized by comprising the following steps of: levelling land, irrigating water in winter, applying fertilizer, ridging and coating a film, thoroughly watering, sowing and covering soil. The method uses a sowing method of 'deeply sowing and shallowly covering', so that emergence rate is up to 97%, seedling survival rate can achieve 95% above, yield per mu can achieve about 6 tons, and the solid matter content of chicory achieves 28% above. The planting method for chicory is most suitable for planting in light-soil lands and is not suitable for planting in sandy lands (sand-compacted and sand-paved lands).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the proportion of crop planting method, especially a kind of witloof kind method for planting.
Background technology
Countries such as France, Holland and Belgium severally all are planted in the area that height above sea level is lower, rainfall is abundant with type (inulin processing type) witloof mostly, and cultivation condition is better, plants more extensive.In recent years, varieties of plant is changed to crossbreed from the routine kind, seeding method by broadcast sowing, drilling changes to precision drilling, seldom uses mulching film planting.Local irrigate, water drainage facility (measure) is complete, soil organic matter content is abundant, and emphasical applying organic manure, stresses on the seeding technique that land readjustment, soil are meticulous, planting density trend high density, a whole set of culture technique comparative maturity
Domestic witloof cultivation is main with feeding type and dish with type (blanching culture) mainly, and its culture technique is extensive.The plantation of witloof crossbreed is particularly drawn in the plantation of inulin processing type witloof outward, and is domestic few.At present; Domestic main inulin manufacturing enterprise has: Dingxi Long Hai dairy products Co., Ltd, day sea of gates power synanthrin development in science and technology Co., Ltd, Shanxi prebiotics bio tech ltd, Zhangye cloud roc biotechnology Co., Ltd, in emerging bio tech ltd, Vad, Qinghai bio tech ltd etc. do not introduce this kind as yet on a large scale, draw (inulin processing type) witloof crossbreed planting technology outward and also belong to blank.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to avoid the deficiency of prior art, a kind of outer witloof crossbreed culture technique method of drawing is provided, this method plantation output is high, can increase local farmers' income and reduce enterprise's processing cost.
Be to realize above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is: a kind of witloof kind method for planting is characterized in that: comprise and level land, winter irrigation water, fertilising, ridging overlay film, water permeable, sowing and earthing that concrete steps are following:
A, level land: after the autumn crops results, foreign material such as intramassif weeds, crops straw, waste mulching film are cleared up, ground is cleaned up, for the next year plantation is prepared;
B, winter irrigation water: fill water with the field winter, and through freezing winter and the melting of early spring, it is loose that soil plough horizon becomes, and good permeability increases soil aggregate, improves the soil;
C, fertilising: plough after the spring break, plough deeply 25-30cm, mu is executed farmyard manure 2000-3000kg, two ammonium 30kg, urea 30kg;
D, ridging overlay film: plough back leveling ridging overlay film, the high 15cm-30cm in ridge, Gansu Province face width 40cm, furrow 40cm, i.e. furrow+ridge face=80cm;
E, water permeable: the field is irrigated, and water must cover the ridge face, prevent ridging after soil too loose;
F, sowing: live, solar calendar last ten-days period in April water permeable descendant and can promptly begin sowing with advancing, the dibbling of punching rupture of membranes; Hole depth 15-20mm, diameter 15mm, every cave 1-2 grain seed, thickness of sowing: 40cm face; One film, two row, line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 25-30cm, every mu of 5500-6500 strain;
G, earthing: earthing 3-5mm on seed.
2, witloof kind method for planting as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: said ridging shop film overlay film: the high 15cm-30cm in ridge, Gansu Province face width 80cm, furrow 40cm, i.e. furrow+ridge face=120cm; Said sowing is live, solar calendar last ten-days period in April waters permeable descendant and can promptly begin sowing with advancing, the dibbling of punching rupture of membranes; Hole depth 15-20mm, diameter 15mm, every cave 1-2 grain seed, thickness of sowing is the 80cm face; One film triplex row, line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 30-35cm, every mu of 5200-5500 strain.
Said sowing step was basked seeds 1 day before also comprising sowing, increased seed vitality, improved germination rate.
Said sowing step is a seedling raising and transplanting, and concrete grammar is: at first be configured the soil of growing seedlings, formula rate is 6 parts in a field soil; 4 parts of fertilizers become thoroughly decomposed; Add an amount of fine sand or slag when gluing if soil property is crossed, add the quick-acting fertilizer that mixes by nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide again after field soil and fertilizer mixing sieve, wherein; Nitrogen: phosphorus pentoxide: potassium oxide=2: 1: 1, the every cubic metre of soil of growing seedlings is used quick-acting fertilizer 1kg; Secondly the soil of growing seedlings is carried out disinfection, the every cubic metre of soil of growing seedlings adds water in right amount and is sprayed onto in the soil with 40% formalin 200-300ml; Mixing the back thoroughly stacks; The lid plastic film removed covering bulk storage formalin after airtight 2-3 days, and 1-2 treats after week to re-use when native taste of traditional Chinese medicine leaves fully; Grow seedlings then, grow seedlings with seedling-cultivating tray or seedbed, the environmental temperature of growing seedlings is 15-20 ℃, the seed in every cave; The convenient transplanting in seedling raising process, when the fertilizer deficiency symptom appears in seedling, topdressed; Carry out foliage-spray with 0.1% urea or 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, transplant when 3-5 sheet leaf occurring, can not hinder root during transplanting; Transplant preceding seedbed or seedling-cultivating tray and water once permeablely, during transplanting also in time pour water in the acupuncture point, transplants and water en bloc after accomplishing.
Said sowing step is lively to combine with seedling raising and transplanting, in live, grows seedlings, and in order to filling the gaps with seedlings, guarantees emergence rate.
Do not plant solanberry class, potato, melon land for growing field crops soil in the said Tian Tuwei 3-4.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, adopt " seed deeplying shallow covering " seeding method, emergence rate is up to 97%, and survival rate of seedlings can reach more than 95%, and per mu yield can reach about 6 tons, and the witloof solid content reaches more than 28%.
2, optimum light loam ground plantation, but unsuitable sand ground (pressing husky, sanding ground) plantation.
3, plant between the suitable height above sea level 1600-1850 rice; Between the height above sea level 1370-1550 along the line rice of the Yellow River, be prone to bring out soft rot, can plant cautiously because of hot and humid; Height above sea level is higher than 1850 meters, and because of the frost-free season weak point, the witloof growth time is short, and output is not high, does not advocate plantation.
Embodiment
Below principle of the present invention and characteristic are described, institute gives an actual example and only is used to explain the present invention, is not to be used to limit scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1, plantation place: Baiyin City, Gansu Province Pingchuan District republicanism town, 2124 mu of cultivated areas, 4802 kilograms of average yield per mus, 1.02 ten thousand tons of gross yields.
A kind of witloof kind method for planting, concrete steps are following:
A, level land: after the autumn crops results, foreign material such as intramassif weeds, crops straw, waste mulching film are cleared up, ground is cleaned up, for the next year plantation is prepared;
B, winter irrigation water: fill water with the field winter, and through freezing winter and the melting of early spring, it is loose that soil plough horizon becomes, and good permeability increases soil aggregate, improves the soil;
C, fertilising: plough after the spring break, plough deeply 25-30cm, mu is executed farmyard manure 2000-3000kg, two ammonium 30kg, urea 30kg;
D, ridging overlay film: plough back leveling ridging overlay film, the high 15-30cm in ridge, Gansu Province face width 40cm, furrow 40cm, i.e. furrow+ridge face=80cm;
E, water permeable: the field is irrigated, and water must cover the ridge face, prevent ridging after soil too loose;
F, sowing: live, basked seeds before the sowing 1 day, increase seed vitality, improve germination rate; Solar calendar watered permeable descendant and can promptly begin sowing with advancing before and after April 20, the dibbling of punching rupture of membranes, hole depth 15-20mm, diameter 15mm, every cave 1-2 grain seed, thickness of sowing: 40cm face, a film two row, line-spacing 40cm, spacing in the rows 15-30cm, every mu of 5500-6500 strain;
G, earthing: earthing 3-5mm on seed.
The management of emerging: germinate after five days, all sprouted in 15-20 days, finding is short of seedling in time reseeds; After seedling all sprouts, for a cave 2 seedlings, remove weak seedling; Water final singling water after the thinning, during this period, attention control soil insect (like wireworm) injury seedling root; Increase irrigation frequency in the wireworm activity Sheng phase, suppress harm.
Seedling phase to the rosette stage manages: abide by " see dried see wet " principle, can not ponding can not be arranged lack of water; Before the rosette stage, every mu is dashed and executes urea 10kg when watering for the first time; Black (brown) pinta is prevented and treated method with mancozeb or tpn foliage-spray; In time carrying out manual work hoes up weeds.
Rosette stage management: note water drainage, soil moisturizing; Impose the fertile every mu of 50kg of the soya-bean cake that becomes thoroughly decomposed during cultivation and banking; Continuous high temperature weather (when the forecast maximum temperature reaches more than 28 ℃) possibly bring out soft rot, and the method for preventing and treating is irritated root (the agricultural streptomycin sulphate of 2.5g is converted water 15kg) for convert water with agricultural streptomycin sulphate, and mu consumption 10-15g is according to disease order of severity decision consumption; In time carrying out manual work hoes up weeds; If there is bolting in time to pinch a kind of sedge.
The lotus throne final-period management: can be according to the potassium sulfate solution of crop growing state foliage-spray 5%, attention control crop smothering and in time carry out manual work and hoe up weeds during this.
Gather: collecting time is mid or late October, the completion of before the soil freezes fully, gathering.
Detect witloof solid content average out to 28.1% with abbe's refractometer.
Embodiment 2, the plantation place: small towns such as Baiyin City, Gansu Province Jingyuan County Bei Tan, and 621 mu of witloof cultivated areas, 4682 kilograms of average yield per mus, 0.29 ten thousand ton of gross yield is through detecting witloof solid content average out to 28.6%.
Plant method for planting with embodiment 1, just the ridging overlay film is the high 15-30cm in ridge, Gansu Province face width 80cm, furrow 40cm, i.e. furrow+ridge face=120cm; Thickness of sowing is the 80cm face, a film triplex row, line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 30-35cm, every mu of 5200-5500 strain.
Embodiment 3, the plantation place: Hong Shui town, Jingtai County, Baiyin City, Gansu Province, and 380 mu of witloof cultivated areas, 4211 kilograms of average yield per mus, 0.16 ten thousand ton of gross yield is through detecting witloof solid content average out to 28.2%.
Plant method for planting with embodiment 1, just sowing step is seedling raising and transplanting, and concrete grammar is: at first be configured the soil of growing seedlings; Formula rate is 6 parts in a field soil, and 4 parts of the fertilizers of becoming thoroughly decomposed were not planted solanberry class, potato, melon land for growing field crops soil in the Tian Tuwei 3-4; Fertilizer must become thoroughly decomposed fully; Add an amount of fine sand or slag when gluing if soil property is crossed, add the quick-acting fertilizer that mixes by nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide again after field soil and fertilizer mixing sieve, wherein; Nitrogen: phosphorus pentoxide: potassium oxide=2: 1: 1, the every cubic metre of soil of growing seedlings is used quick-acting fertilizer 1kg; Secondly the soil of growing seedlings is carried out disinfection, the every cubic metre of soil of growing seedlings adds water in right amount and is sprayed onto in the soil with 40% formalin 200-300ml; Mixing the back thoroughly stacks; The lid plastic film removed covering bulk storage formalin after airtight 2-3 days, and 1-2 treats after week to re-use when native taste of traditional Chinese medicine leaves fully; Grow seedlings then, grow seedlings with seedling-cultivating tray or seedbed, the environmental temperature of growing seedlings is 15-20 ℃, the seed in every cave; The convenient transplanting in seedling raising process, when the fertilizer deficiency symptom appears in seedling, topdressed; Carry out foliage-spray with 0.1% urea or 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, transplant when 3-5 sheet leaf occurring, can not hinder root during transplanting; Transplant preceding seedbed or seedling-cultivating tray and water once permeablely, during transplanting also in time pour water in the acupuncture point, transplants and water en bloc after accomplishing.
The above is merely preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to restriction the present invention, all any modifications of within spirit of the present invention and principle, being done, is not equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. witloof kind method for planting is characterized in that: comprise and level land, winter irrigation water, fertilising, ridging overlay film, water permeable, sowing and earthing that concrete steps are following:
A, level land: after the autumn crops results, foreign material such as intramassif weeds, crops straw, waste mulching film are cleared up, ground is cleaned up, for the next year plantation is prepared;
B, winter irrigation water: fill water with the field winter, and through freezing winter and the melting of early spring, it is loose that soil plough horizon becomes, and good permeability increases soil aggregate, improves the soil;
C, fertilising: plough after the spring break, plough deeply 25-30cm, mu is executed farmyard manure 2000-3000kg, two ammonium 30kg, urea 30kg;
D, ridging overlay film: plough back leveling ridging overlay film, the high 15cm-30cm in ridge, Gansu Province face width 40cm, furrow 40cm, i.e. furrow+ridge face=80cm;
E, water permeable: the field is irrigated, and water must cover the ridge face, prevent ridging after soil too loose;
F, sowing: live, solar calendar last ten-days period in April water permeable descendant and can promptly begin sowing with advancing, the dibbling of punching rupture of membranes; Hole depth 15-20mm, diameter 15mm, every cave 1-2 grain seed, thickness of sowing: 40cm face; One film, two row, line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 25-30cm, every mu of 5500-6500 strain;
G, earthing: earthing 3-5mm on seed.
2. witloof kind method for planting as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: said ridging shop film overlay film: the high 15cm-30cm in ridge, Gansu Province face width 80cm, furrow 40cm, i.e. furrow+ridge face=120cm; Said sowing is live, solar calendar last ten-days period in April waters permeable descendant and can promptly begin sowing with advancing, the dibbling of punching rupture of membranes; Hole depth 15-20mm, diameter 15mm, every cave 1-2 grain seed, thickness of sowing is the 80cm face; One film triplex row, line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 30-35cm, every mu of 5200-5500 strain.
3. according to claim 1 or claim 2 witloof kind method for planting, it is characterized in that: said sowing step was basked seeds 1 day before also comprising sowing, increased seed vitality, improved germination rate.
4. witloof kind method for planting as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: said sowing step is a seedling raising and transplanting, and concrete grammar is: at first be configured the soil of growing seedlings; Formula rate is 6 parts in a field soil, and 4 parts of the fertilizers of becoming thoroughly decomposed add an amount of fine sand or slag when sticking if soil property is crossed; After sieving, field soil and fertilizer mixing add the quick-acting fertilizer that mixes by nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide again; Wherein, nitrogen: phosphorus pentoxide: potassium oxide=2: 1: 1, the every cubic metre of soil of growing seedlings is used quick-acting fertilizer 1kg; Secondly the soil of growing seedlings is carried out disinfection, the every cubic metre of soil of growing seedlings adds water in right amount and is sprayed onto in the soil with 40% formalin 200-300ml; Mixing the back thoroughly stacks; The lid plastic film removed covering bulk storage formalin after airtight 2-3 days, and 1-2 treats after week to re-use when native taste of traditional Chinese medicine leaves fully; Grow seedlings then, grow seedlings with seedling-cultivating tray or seedbed, the environmental temperature of growing seedlings is 15-20 ℃, the seed in every cave; The convenient transplanting in seedling raising process, when the fertilizer deficiency symptom appears in seedling, topdressed; Carry out foliage-spray with 0.1% urea or 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, transplant when 3-5 sheet leaf occurring, can not hinder root during transplanting; Transplant preceding seedbed or seedling-cultivating tray and water once permeablely, during transplanting also in time pour water in the acupuncture point, transplants and water en bloc after accomplishing.
5. witloof kind method for planting as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: said sowing step is lively to combine with seedling raising and transplanting, in live, grows seedlings, and in order to filling the gaps with seedlings, guarantees emergence rate.
6. witloof kind method for planting as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: do not plant solanberry class, potato, melon land for growing field crops soil in the said Tian Tuwei 3-4.
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103535175A (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2014-01-29 | 陇西县农业技术推广中心 | Mulching film breeding method of seedlings of traditional Chinese medicinal materials |
| CN103583177A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-02-19 | 阜阳市颍泉区腾飞种植专业合作社 | Endive planting method |
| CN104206166A (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2014-12-17 | 新疆生产建设兵团第七师 | Equal rowledge ultrawide film-film three-row simplified cultivation method for mechanical picking of hybrid cotton |
| CN105145058A (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2015-12-16 | 孙群 | Method for cultivating selenium-enriched chicories |
| CN105237106A (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2016-01-13 | 孙群 | Backfill soil used for field planting of chicory |
| CN105284384A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-02-03 | 河北联兴佳垚农业科技有限公司 | Endive field planting method |
| CN105284385A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-02-03 | 河北联兴佳垚农业科技有限公司 | Endive softening cultivation method |
| CN105794510A (en) * | 2016-03-26 | 2016-07-27 | 安徽科技学院 | Simple method for preventing and controlling wireworms during early spring watermelon cultivation in greenhouse |
| CN107258188A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-10-20 | 北海康维生态农业科技有限公司 | The fertilizing method of the golden pineapple of plantation |
| CN108739183A (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2018-11-06 | 彭阳县壹珍药业有限责任公司 | A kind of implantation methods of Radix Astragali high yield |
| CN109349016A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-02-19 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | A method of chicory seed is quickly bred in In Nanjing |
| CN111837829A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-10-30 | 黑龙江省日捷东晟科技有限公司 | High-yield planting method of chicory and method for extracting inulin by using chicory root |
| CN114532166A (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2022-05-27 | 青海省农林科学院 | High-yield and high-efficiency cultivation method of root-type chicory suitable for Qinghai region |
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Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103583177A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-02-19 | 阜阳市颍泉区腾飞种植专业合作社 | Endive planting method |
| CN103583177B (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2016-01-06 | 阜阳市颍泉区腾飞种植专业合作社 | The implantation methods of a kind of witloof |
| CN103535175A (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2014-01-29 | 陇西县农业技术推广中心 | Mulching film breeding method of seedlings of traditional Chinese medicinal materials |
| CN103535175B (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2015-10-07 | 陇西县农业技术推广中心 | A kind of plastic film method of traditional Chinese medicine |
| CN104206166A (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2014-12-17 | 新疆生产建设兵团第七师 | Equal rowledge ultrawide film-film three-row simplified cultivation method for mechanical picking of hybrid cotton |
| CN105145058A (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2015-12-16 | 孙群 | Method for cultivating selenium-enriched chicories |
| CN105237106A (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2016-01-13 | 孙群 | Backfill soil used for field planting of chicory |
| CN105284385A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-02-03 | 河北联兴佳垚农业科技有限公司 | Endive softening cultivation method |
| CN105284384A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-02-03 | 河北联兴佳垚农业科技有限公司 | Endive field planting method |
| CN105794510A (en) * | 2016-03-26 | 2016-07-27 | 安徽科技学院 | Simple method for preventing and controlling wireworms during early spring watermelon cultivation in greenhouse |
| CN107258188A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-10-20 | 北海康维生态农业科技有限公司 | The fertilizing method of the golden pineapple of plantation |
| CN108739183A (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2018-11-06 | 彭阳县壹珍药业有限责任公司 | A kind of implantation methods of Radix Astragali high yield |
| CN109349016A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-02-19 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | A method of chicory seed is quickly bred in In Nanjing |
| CN109349016B (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2021-03-26 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for rapidly propagating chicory seeds in Nanjing area |
| CN111837829A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-10-30 | 黑龙江省日捷东晟科技有限公司 | High-yield planting method of chicory and method for extracting inulin by using chicory root |
| CN114532166A (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2022-05-27 | 青海省农林科学院 | High-yield and high-efficiency cultivation method of root-type chicory suitable for Qinghai region |
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